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Regular Expressions Reference: Shorthand Character Classes
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><link rel=canonical href='https://https://www.regular-expressions.info//refshorthand.html'><title>Regular Expressions Reference: Shorthand Character Classes</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="author" content="Jan Goyvaerts"> <meta name="description" content="Reference of the various syntactic elements that can appear in regular expressions"> <meta name="keywords" content=""> <link rel=stylesheet href="regex.css" type="text/css"><script src="theme.js" type="text/javascript"></script><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="New at Regular-Expressions.info" href="updates.xml"> </head> <body bgcolor=white text=black> <div id=top></div> <div id=btntop><div id=btngrid><a href="quickstart.html" target="_top"><div>Quick Start</div></a><a href="tutorial.html" target="_top"><div>Tutorial</div></a><a href="tools.html" target="_top"><div>Tools & Languages</div></a><a 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selected>JGsoft</option> <option value=dotnet>.NET</option> <option value=java>Java</option> <option value=perl>Perl</option> <option value=pcre>PCRE</option> <option value=pcre2>PCRE2</option> <option value=php>PHP</option> <option value=delphi>Delphi</option> <option value=rlanguage>R</option> <option value=javascript>JavaScript</option> <option value=vbscript>VBScript</option> <option value=xregexp>XRegExp</option> <option value=python>Python</option> <option value=ruby>Ruby</option> <option value=stdregex>std::regex</option> <option value=boost>Boost</option> <option value=tcl>Tcl ARE</option> <option value=posixbre>POSIX BRE</option> <option value=posixere>POSIX ERE</option> <option value=gnubre>GNU BRE</option> <option value=gnuere>GNU ERE</option> <option value=oracle>Oracle</option> <option value=xml>XML</option> <option value=xpath>XPath</option> </select> <select id=selflavor2 onchange="selectflavor2()"> <option value=jgsoft>JGsoft</option> <option value=dotnet selected>.NET</option> <option value=java>Java</option> <option value=perl>Perl</option> <option value=pcre>PCRE</option> <option value=pcre2>PCRE2</option> <option value=php>PHP</option> <option value=delphi>Delphi</option> <option value=rlanguage>R</option> <option value=javascript>JavaScript</option> <option value=vbscript>VBScript</option> <option value=xregexp>XRegExp</option> <option value=python>Python</option> <option value=ruby>Ruby</option> <option value=stdregex>std::regex</option> <option value=boost>Boost</option> <option value=tcl>Tcl ARE</option> <option value=posixbre>POSIX BRE</option> <option value=posixere>POSIX ERE</option> <option value=gnubre>GNU BRE</option> <option value=gnuere>GNU ERE</option> <option value=oracle>Oracle</option> <option value=xml>XML</option> <option value=xpath>XPath</option> </select></p> </div><table class=reference id=tableflavor> <tr><th>Feature</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Description</th><th>Example</th><th><A HREF="jgsoft.html" TARGET="_top">JGsoft</A></th> <th><A HREF="dotnet.html" TARGET="_top">.NET</A></th> <th><A HREF="java.html" TARGET="_top">Java</A></th> <th><A HREF="perl.html" TARGET="_top">Perl</A></th> <th><A HREF="pcre.html" TARGET="_top">PCRE</A></th> <th><A HREF="pcre2.html" TARGET="_top">PCRE2</A></th> <th><A HREF="php.html" TARGET="_top">PHP</A></th> <th><A HREF="delphi.html" TARGET="_top">Delphi</A></th> <th><A HREF="rlanguage.html" TARGET="_top">R</A></th> <th><A HREF="javascript.html" TARGET="_top">JavaScript</A></th> <th><A HREF="vbscript.html" TARGET="_top">VBScript</A></th> <th><A HREF="xregexp.html" TARGET="_top">XRegExp</A></th> <th><A HREF="python.html" TARGET="_top">Python</A></th> <th><A HREF="ruby.html" TARGET="_top">Ruby</A></th> <th><A HREF="stdregex.html" TARGET="_top">std::regex</A></th> <th><A HREF="boost.html" TARGET="_top">Boost</A></th> <th><A HREF="tcl.html" TARGET="_top">Tcl ARE</A></th> <th><a href="posix.html#bre">POSIX BRE</a></th> <th><a href="posix.html#ere">POSIX ERE</a></th> <th><a href="gnu.html#bre">GNU BRE</a></th> <th><a href="gnu.html#ere">GNU ERE</a></th> <th><A HREF="oracle.html" TARGET="_top">Oracle</A></th> <th><A HREF="xml.html" TARGET="_top">XML</A></th> <th><A HREF="xpath.html" TARGET="_top">XPath</A></th></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td>Any shorthand outside character classes</td> <td>Shorthands can be used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\w</SPAN></TT> matches a single word character</td> <td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>ECMA</td><td class=yes>ECMA<br>extended<br>egrep<br>awk</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>10gR2</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td>Any shorthand inside a character class</td> <td>Shorthands can be used inside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\w</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> matches a single word character</td> <td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>ECMA</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td>Any negated shorthand inside a character class</td> <td>Negated shorthands can be used inside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\W</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> matches a single character that is not a word character</td> <td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>ECMA</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=fail>error</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\d</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all digits to the character class. Matches a single digit if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\d</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\d</SPAN></TT> match a character that is a digit</td> <td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>non‑ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>5.3.4 Unicode<br>5.0.0 ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>3.0 Unicode<br>2.4 ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>10gR2 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\w</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all word characters to the character class. Matches a single word character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\w</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\w</SPAN></TT> match any single word character</td> <td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>non‑ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>5.3.4 Unicode<br>5.0.0 code page</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>3.0 Unicode<br>2.4 ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>10gR2 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\s</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all whitespace to the character class. Matches a single whitespace character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\s</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\s</SPAN></TT> match any single whitespace character</td> <td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>non‑ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>5.3.4 Unicode<br>5.0.0 code page</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>3.0 Unicode<br>2.4 ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ECMA Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>10gR2 Unicode</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td><td class=yes>ASCII</td></tr> <tr><td><A HREF="shorthand.html" TARGET="_top">Shorthand</A></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\l</SPAN></TT> and <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\u</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all lowercase letters or all uppercase letters to the character class. Matches a single lowercase or uppercase letter if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\u</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\l</SPAN></TT> matches <tt class=match>Aa</tt> but not <tt class=string>aA</tt>.</td> <td class=yes>V2 Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="shorthand.html#more">Shorthand</a></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\v</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all vertical whitespace to the character class. Matches a single vertical whitespace character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\v</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\v</SPAN></TT> match any single vertical whitespace character</td> <td class=yes>V2 Unicode</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>8 Unicode</td><td class=yes>5.10 Unicode</td><td class=yes>7.2 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>5.2.4 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>ECMA<br>1.42–1.85 Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="shorthand.html#more">Shorthand</a></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\h</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all horizontal whitespace to the character class. Matches a single horizontal whitespace character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\h</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\h</SPAN></TT> match any single horizontal whitespace character</td> <td class=yes>V2 Unicode</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>8 Unicode</td><td class=yes>5.10 Unicode</td><td class=yes>7.2 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>5.2.4 Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td class=yes>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>1.42–1.85<br>Unicode</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="shorthand.html#more">Shorthand</a></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\h</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all hexadecimal digits to the character class. Matches a hexadecimal digit if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">[</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccspecial">\h</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexccopen">]</SPAN></TT> and/or <TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\h</SPAN></TT> match any single hexadecimal digit</td> <td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>1.9 ASCII</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="shorthand.html#xml">XML Shorthand</a></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\i</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all characters that are allowed as the initial character in XML names to the character class. Matches one such character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\i</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\c</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">*</SPAN></TT> matches an XML name</td> <td class=yes>V2</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="shorthand.html#xml">XML Shorthand</a></td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\c</SPAN></TT></td> <td>Adds all characters that are allowed as the second and following characters in XML names to the character class. Matches one such character if used outside character classes.</td> <td><TT CLASS=syntax><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\i</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">\c</SPAN><SPAN CLASS="regexspecial">*</SPAN></TT> matches an XML name</td> <td class=yes>V2</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td>no</td><td class=yes>YES</td><td class=yes>YES</td></tr> <tr><th>Feature</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Description</th><th>Example</th><th><A HREF="jgsoft.html" TARGET="_top">JGsoft</A></th> <th><A HREF="dotnet.html" TARGET="_top">.NET</A></th> <th><A HREF="java.html" TARGET="_top">Java</A></th> <th><A HREF="perl.html" TARGET="_top">Perl</A></th> <th><A HREF="pcre.html" TARGET="_top">PCRE</A></th> <th><A HREF="pcre2.html" TARGET="_top">PCRE2</A></th> <th><A HREF="php.html" TARGET="_top">PHP</A></th> <th><A HREF="delphi.html" TARGET="_top">Delphi</A></th> <th><A HREF="rlanguage.html" TARGET="_top">R</A></th> <th><A HREF="javascript.html" TARGET="_top">JavaScript</A></th> <th><A HREF="vbscript.html" TARGET="_top">VBScript</A></th> <th><A HREF="xregexp.html" TARGET="_top">XRegExp</A></th> <th><A HREF="python.html" TARGET="_top">Python</A></th> <th><A HREF="ruby.html" TARGET="_top">Ruby</A></th> <th><A HREF="stdregex.html" TARGET="_top">std::regex</A></th> <th><A HREF="boost.html" TARGET="_top">Boost</A></th> <th><A HREF="tcl.html" TARGET="_top">Tcl ARE</A></th> <th><a href="posix.html#bre">POSIX BRE</a></th> <th><a href="posix.html#ere">POSIX ERE</a></th> <th><a href="gnu.html#bre">GNU BRE</a></th> <th><a href="gnu.html#ere">GNU ERE</a></th> <th><A HREF="oracle.html" TARGET="_top">Oracle</A></th> <th><A HREF="xml.html" TARGET="_top">XML</A></th> <th><A HREF="xpath.html" TARGET="_top">XPath</A></th></tr></table><div class=bodytext> <script type="text/javascript" src="selflavor.js"></script><div id=cntmobi><p>| <a href='quickstart.html'>Quick Start</a> | <a href='tutorial.html'>Tutorial</a> | <a href='tools.html'>Tools & Languages</a> | <a href='examples.html'>Examples</a> | <a href='refflavors.html'>Reference</a> | <a href='books.html'>Book Reviews</a> |</p><p>| <a href='reference.html'>Introduction</a> | <a href='refflavors.html'>Table of Contents</a> | <a href='refquick.html'>Quick Reference</a> | <a href='refcharacters.html'>Characters</a> | <a href='refbasic.html'>Basic Features</a> | <a href='refcharclass.html'>Character Classes</a> | <a href='refshorthand.html'>Shorthands</a> | <a href='refanchors.html'>Anchors</a> | <a href='refwordboundaries.html'>Word Boundaries</a> | <a href='refrepeat.html'>Quantifiers</a> | <a href='refunicode.html'>Unicode</a> | <a href='refcapture.html'>Capturing Groups & Backreferences</a> | <a href='refext.html'>Named Groups & Backreferences</a> | <a href='refadv.html'>Special Groups</a> | <a href='refmodifiers.html'>Mode Modifiers</a> | <a href='refrecurse.html'>Recursion & Balancing Groups</a> |</p><p>| <a href='refreplacecharacters.html'>Characters</a> | <a href='refreplacebackref.html'>Matched Text & Backreferences</a> | <a href='refreplacecase.html'>Context & Case Conversion</a> | <a href='refreplaceconditional.html'>Conditionals</a> |</p></div> <div id=copyright> <P CLASS=copyright>Page URL: <A HREF="https://www.regular-expressions.info/refshorthand.html" TARGET="_top">https://www.regular-expressions.info/refshorthand.html</A><BR> Page last updated: 16 August 2024<BR> Site last updated: 06 November 2024<BR> Copyright © 2003-2024 Jan Goyvaerts. 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