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effects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Positive_judgment_of_related_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Approved_contemporaneous_miracle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approved_contemporaneous_miracle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Approved contemporaneous miracle </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approved_contemporaneous_miracle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Approved_public_veneration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approved_public_veneration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Approved public veneration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approved_public_veneration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No_judgment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No_judgment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 No judgment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No_judgment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neutral_judgment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neutral_judgment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Neutral judgment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neutral_judgment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Negative_judgment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Negative_judgment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Negative judgment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Negative_judgment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coptic_Orthodox_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coptic_Orthodox_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Coptic Orthodox Church </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coptic_Orthodox_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Immaculate Conception"><img alt="Immaculate Conception" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/150px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/225px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/300px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="2717" /></a><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Aranjuez_Immaculate_Conception" title="Aranjuez Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a> by <a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Esteban_Murillo" title="Bartolomé Esteban Murillo">Bartolomé Esteban Murillo</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1675)</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Overview</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_antiphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian antiphons">Antiphons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary" title="Hymns to Mary">Hymns to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Devotional practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecrations and entrustments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles of Mary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos (Mother of God)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_the_Church" title="Mother of the Church">Mother of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Counsel" title="Our Lady of Good Counsel">Our Lady of Good Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Our Lady of Sorrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Victory" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Victory">Our Lady of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady,_Star_of_the_Sea" title="Our Lady, Star of the Sea">Our Lady, Star of the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queen of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Peace">Queen of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Holy_Virgin_Mary,_Queen_of_Poland" title="The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland">Queen of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugium_Peccatorum" title="Refugium Peccatorum">Refugium Peccatorum (Refuge of Sinners)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Untier_of_Knots" title="Mary, Untier of Knots">Untier of Knots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Mercy" title="Virgin of Mercy">Virgin of Mercy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marian_hymns" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian hymns">hymns</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_prayers" title="Fátima prayers">Fátima prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flos_Carmeli" title="Flos Carmeli">Flos Carmeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Hail Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary_of_Gold" title="Hail Mary of Gold">Hail Mary of Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculata_prayer" title="Immaculata prayer">Immaculata prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Grace" title="Mary, Mother of Grace">Mary, Mother of Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorare" title="Memorare">Memorare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/20px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/40px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Template:Marian_hymns" title="Template:Marian hymns">Marian hymns</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Devotional practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Mary" title="Acts of Reparation to the Virgin Mary">Acts of Reparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecration to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_the_Virgin" title="Seven Joys of the Virgin">Seven Joys of the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows#Seven_Sorrows_of_Mary" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Seven Sorrows of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Hail_Marys" title="Three Hail Marys">Three Hail Marys</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Movements and societies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sodality_of_Our_Lady" title="Sodality of Our Lady">Sodality of Our Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Marian_Fathers_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception">Congregation of Marian Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_Mary" title="Company of Mary">Company of Mary (Montfort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marianists)" title="Society of Mary (Marianists)">Marianists (Society of Mary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marists)" title="Society of Mary (Marists)">Marist Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marist_Brothers" title="Marist Brothers">Marist Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoenstatt_Apostolic_Movement" title="Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement">Schoenstatt Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Mary" title="Legion of Mary">Legion of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">World Apostolate of Fátima</a> <a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">(Blue Army)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariological_Society_of_America" title="Mariological Society of America">Mariological Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady%27s_Rosary_Makers" title="Our Lady's Rosary Makers">Our Lady's Rosary Makers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Movement_of_Priests" title="Marian Movement of Priests">Marian Movement of Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Family_Apostolate" title="Fatima Family Apostolate">Fatima Family Apostolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Angels_Foundation" title="Queen of Angels Foundation">Queen of Angels Foundation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Apparitions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dd><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Approved,_with_widespread_liturgical_veneration_endorsed_by_the_Holy_See">Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration endorsed by the Holy See</a>:</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Our Lady of Fátima">Fátima</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Three Secrets of Fátima">Three Secrets of Fátima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salette" title="Our Lady of La Salette">La Salette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Our Lady of Lourdes">Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Our Lady of Walsingham">Walsingham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dowry_of_Mary" title="Dowry of Mary">Dowry of Mary</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_feast_days" title="Marian feast days">Key Marian feast days</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary,_Mother_of_God" title="Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God">Mother of God</a> (1 January)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">Candlemas</a> (2 February)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Annunciation" title="Feast of the Annunciation">Annunciation</a> (25 March)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a> (15 August)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary" title="Nativity of Mary">Nativity</a> (8 September)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Name_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Holy Name</a> (12 September)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Mary" title="Presentation of Mary">Presentation</a> (21 November)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Feast of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a> (8 December)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/17px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/26px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/34px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Template:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Template talk:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparitions</a> are reported supernatural appearances by <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, the mother of Jesus</a>. Below is a list of alleged events concerning notable Marian apparitions, which have either been approved by a major Christian church, or which retain a significant following despite the absence of official approval or despite an official determination of inauthenticity. While a number of Marian apparitions are approved or received positive judgments, many<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> receive no-decision or negative judgments from the church. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholic_Church">Catholic Church</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Catholic Church">edit</a>]</div> According to norms of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> which have been in effect since the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a> in the 16th century,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> the initial responsibility of evaluating the merits of any purported apparition falls to the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop (Catholic Church)">bishop</a> of the area in which the events allegedly occurred.<a href="#cite_note-nc-3">[3]</a> If, after an investigation, the bishop determines that the apparition constitutes an authentic supernatural appearance of the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a>, then the apparition is considered approved for the entire Catholic Church, unless his successor or the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> were to contradict his decision. On May 18, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>'s Prefect, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Víctor Manuel Fernández">Víctor Manuel Fernández</a>, published a 2024 <a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">religious text</a> signed by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> which replaced the 1978 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Normae_Congregationis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Normae Congregationis (page does not exist)">Normae Congregationis</a> rulings. It sets <a href="/wiki/Religious_law" title="Religious law">new norms</a> and guidelines for Catholic bishops in discerning claims of <a href="/wiki/Private_revelation" title="Private revelation">private revelation</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparitions</a>. Fernández enumerated six possible conclusions for alleged supernatural phenomena discernment. "<a href="/wiki/Nihil_obstat" title="Nihil obstat">Nihil obstat</a>" substitutes Declaration of supernatural authenticity. A Bishop's canonical investigation and decision requires prior submission to the Dicastery before publication.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Positive_judgment">Positive judgment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Positive judgment">edit</a>]</div> The apparitions in this category have been judged to be "worthy of belief". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Approved,_with_widespread_veneration_endorsed_by_the_Holy_See">Approved, with widespread veneration endorsed by the Holy See</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Approved, with widespread veneration endorsed by the Holy See">edit</a>]</div> A distinction is sometimes made between apparitions that are "Vatican approved" and those that are not. However, by the norms of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Normae_Congregationis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Normae Congregationis (page does not exist)">Normae Congregationis</a>, the only formal mechanisms for <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> approval of an apparition would be the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> approving an apparition that had occurred in the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a>, or the pope approving an apparition against the will of the local bishop, neither of which has happened to date. Even in cases in which the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> cooperates with an investigation that yields a positive result, the consequent approval derives its authority from the local bishop, not from the Holy See.<a href="#cite_note-rahner-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Because approval by the Holy See can therefore only be claimed based on informal indicators of endorsement, lists of "Vatican-approved Marian apparitions" vary widely depending on the criteria used.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> The criterion used here is that the Holy See must have approved the widespread veneration of the apparition by inscribing it on a <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical calendar">liturgical calendar</a> besides that of the particular diocese in which the apparition occurred. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Approval </th> <th scope="col">Feast day </th></tr> <tr id="Guadalupe"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Guadalupe" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Our Lady of Guadalupe</a> </th> <td>1531 </td> <td data-sort-value="Mexico Tepeyac"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Tepeyac" title="Tepeyac">Tepeyac</a>, Mexico (Spanish colonial empire) </td> <td data-sort-value="2 Cuauhtlatoatzin Juan Diego"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Diego" title="Juan Diego">Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Bernardino" title="Juan Bernardino">Juan Bernardino</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1555">1555<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="12-12">December 12 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Diego" title="Juan Diego">Juan Diego</a>, an Aztec who had recently converted to the Catholic faith, saw an apparition of Mary early in the morning on December 9, 1531, during which Mary asked that a church be built in the site of the apparition. The local bishop did not believe his story. In response, during another appearance to Juan Diego three days later, after also appearing to Diego's sick uncle <a href="/wiki/Juan_Bernardino" title="Juan Bernardino">Juan Bernardino</a>, Our Lady imprinted an image of herself on Juan Diego's cloak (tilma). The cloak is on display at the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe">Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>. Over the years, Our Lady of Guadalupe became a symbol of the Catholic faith in Mexico and the Mexican diaspora.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Miraculous_Medal"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Miraculous Medal" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Miraculous_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal">Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal</a> Our Lady of Graces </th> <td>1830 </td> <td data-sort-value="France Paris"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Bac,_Paris" title="Rue du Bac, Paris">Rue du Bac</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Labouré Catherine"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Labour%C3%A9" title="Catherine Labouré">Catherine Labouré</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1836">1836<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hyacinthe-Louis_de_Qu%C3%A9len" title="Hyacinthe-Louis de Quélen">Archbishop Hyacinthe-Louis de Quélen</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Paris" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris">Archdiocese of Paris</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="11–27">November 27 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">Roman Calendar</a> for Venezuela and the Vincentian orders[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Labour%C3%A9" title="Catherine Labouré">Catherine Labouré</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_novice" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic novice">novice</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul" title="Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul">Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul</a>, reported several apparitions of Mary in the <a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Miraculous_Medal" title="Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal">chapel</a> of her convent. On July 18, 1830, she was awakened and led to the chapel by a child. There, the Virgin Mary appeared to her and revealed that God wished to entrust her with a mission. Mary also said to her that "times were evil" and foretold sorrows for France and the world. On November 27, 1830, Catherine reported another apparition, where Mary showed her specific visions and requested to "have a Medal struck after this model". She asked her to take these images to her <a href="/wiki/Confessor" title="Confessor">confessor</a>, and that "all who wear them will receive great graces".<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The first medals were produced in 1832 and became widely known as the <a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a>, due to the many miracles attributed to the medal.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The front of the medal depicts Mary as she appeared to Catherine, while the reverse design includes the letter M under a cross, along with the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart of Mary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="La_Salette"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="La Salette" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salette" title="Our Lady of La Salette">Our Lady of La Salette</a> </th> <td>1846 </td> <td data-sort-value="France La Salette"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> Mount Sous-Les Baisses, <a href="/wiki/La_Salette-Fallavaux" title="La Salette-Fallavaux">La Salette-Fallavaux</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="2 Calvat Mélanie"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Calvat" title="Mélanie Calvat">Mélanie Calvat</a> <a href="/wiki/Maximin_Giraud" title="Maximin Giraud">Maximin Giraud</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1851-09-19">September 19, 1851<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philibert_de_Bruillard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philibert de Bruillard (page does not exist)">Bishop Philibert de Bruillard</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philibert_de_Bruillard" class="extiw" title="fr:Philibert de Bruillard">fr</a>; <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philibert_de_Bruillard" class="extiw" title="pl:Philibert de Bruillard">pl</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Grenoble-Vienne" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Grenoble-Vienne">Diocese of Grenoble</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="09-19">September 19 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar#France" title="General Roman Calendar">Roman Calendar for France</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;">Two shepherd children reported seeing an apparition of Mary, who was weeping because of disrespect shown to the <a href="/wiki/Remember_the_sabbath_day,_to_keep_it_holy" title="Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy">Lord's Day</a> and to the <a href="/wiki/Thou_shalt_not_take_the_name_of_the_Lord_thy_God_in_vain" title="Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain">Lord's name</a>. She entrusted one secret to each of the two children, which they wrote down and delivered to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a>. </td></tr> <tr id="Lourdes"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Lourdes" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Lourdes_apparitions" title="Lourdes apparitions">Our Lady of Lourdes</a> The Immaculate Conception </th> <td>1858 </td> <td data-sort-value="France Lourdes"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lourdes" title="Lourdes">Lourdes</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Soubirous Bernadette"><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Soubirous" title="Bernadette Soubirous">Bernadette Soubirous</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1862-01-18">January 18, 1862<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertrand-S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re_Laurence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertrand-Sévère Laurence (page does not exist)">Bishop Bertrand-Sévère Laurence</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand-S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re_Laurence" class="extiw" title="fr:Bertrand-Sévère Laurence">fr</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Tarbes-et-Lourdes" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarbes-et-Lourdes">Diocese of Tarbes</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="02-11">February 11 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;">A 14-year-old shepherd girl named Bernadette Soubirous reported seeing Mary appear to her while she was out gathering firewood in the countryside. Mary identified herself as "the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a>" and told Bernadette of the location of a spring, promising miraculous healings from its waters. Since 1862, more than sixty medical cures associated with Lourdes have been certified as "miraculous" by the Catholic Church, which established its own Medical Bureau in 1883 to review and evaluate claims of cures. An independent study of cures published during 2012 concluded that some of the cures were "currently beyond our ken but still impressive, incredibly effective, and awaiting a scientific explanation."<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Knock"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Knock" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Knock" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Knock">Our Lady of Knock</a> </th> <td>1879 </td> <td data-sort-value="Ireland Knock"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Knock,_County_Mayo" title="Knock, County Mayo">Knock</a>, Ireland (U.K.) </td> <td data-sort-value="15">Group of 15 people </td> <td data-sort-value="1879-10">1879<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_MacHale" title="John MacHale">Archbishop John MacHale</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Tuam" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuam">Archdiocese of Tuam</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="08-17">August 17 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar#Ireland" title="General Roman Calendar">Roman Calendar for Ireland</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;"> On August 21, 1879, a group of 15 men, women, and children, ranging in age from 5 to 75, reported seeing an apparition behind their church, against the back wall, of an altar with a <a href="/wiki/Lamb_of_God" title="Lamb of God">lamb</a> on it (understood to represent <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>), surrounded by a multitude of angels. Off to the side in prayer stood Mary, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">St. John</a> (with St. John dressed as a bishop). Because Mary was among those seen, the apparition is classified as Marian, although the simultaneous appearance of Jesus, Mary, Joseph, John, and numerous angels makes it unique among this category. A further distinctive characteristic is that this apparition was silent: no verbal messages were given. The apparition lasted for an hour and a half.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Fátima"> <td style="background-color:#22b;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Fatima" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Our Lady of Fátima">Our Lady of Fátima</a> Our Lady of the Rosary The Immaculate Heart of Mary </th> <td>1917 </td> <td data-sort-value="Portugal Fatima"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Cova_da_Iria" title="Cova da Iria">Cova da Iria</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugal" title="Fátima, Portugal">Fátima, Portugal</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="3 Santos Lucia"><a href="/wiki/Sister_L%C3%BAcia" title="Sister Lúcia">Lúcia Santos</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_and_Jacinta_Marto" title="Francisco and Jacinta Marto">Jacinta Marto</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_and_Jacinta_Marto" title="Francisco and Jacinta Marto">Francisco Marto</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1930-10-13">October 13, 1930<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Alves_Correia_da_Silva" title="José Alves Correia da Silva">Bishop José Alves Correia da Silva</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Leiria-F%C3%A1tima" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Leiria-Fátima">Diocese of Leiria</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="05-13">May 13 in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td colspan="7" class="description" style="background: white;">Three shepherd children reported seeing apparitions of an angel (who identified himself as the <a href="/wiki/Guardian_Angel_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian Angel of Portugal">Guardian Angel of Portugal</a>) followed by apparitions of Mary. Mary revealed to the children <a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Three Secrets of Fátima">three secrets</a>: first, the reality of <a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">hell</a> and the means of saving people from it through personal <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice#Christianity" title="Sacrifice">sacrifices</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_reparation" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of reparation">Acts of reparation</a>; second, a prediction of future upheavals (beginning with <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>), the spiritual means of ending them (a <a href="/wiki/Consecration_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration of Russia">Consecration of Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Communions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Reparation">reparation</a> on <a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays</a>), and a prediction of an eventual "triumph of the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart of Mary</a>"; third, an obscure vision of future persecution of the Catholic Church. The apparitions culminated with the <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Sun" title="Miracle of the Sun">Miracle of the Sun</a>, an astronomical phenomenon witnessed by a crowd of approximately 70,000 people, and even by others located miles away.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> All nine popes since the apparitions – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XV" title="Pope Benedict XV">Benedict XV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pius XI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pius XII</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">John XXIII</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Paul VI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_I" title="Pope John Paul I">John Paul I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> – have indicated their belief in the authenticity of the apparitions. <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> credited Our Lady of Fátima with saving his life after <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_assassination_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope John Paul II assassination attempt">he was shot in Rome</a> on May 13 feast day of the apparition in 1981, and donated the bullet that wounded him to the <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Sanctuary of Fátima">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> In 1925, eight years after the Fátima events, Lúcia, then <a href="/wiki/Sister_L%C3%BAcia" title="Sister Lúcia">Sister Lúcia</a>, reported another set of related apparitions, which became known as the <a href="/wiki/Pontevedra_apparitions" title="Pontevedra apparitions">Pontevedra apparitions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Approved">Approved</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Approved">edit</a>]</div> Below is a list of additional apparitions which have been approved by the local <a href="/wiki/Ordinary_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinary (Catholic Church)">ordinary</a> (i.e. the bishop assigned to the area in which the events allegedly occurred). <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Approval </th></tr> <tr id="Good_Event"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Good Event" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Good_Event" title="Our Lady of the Good Event">Our Lady of the Good Event</a> </th> <td>1594–1634 </td> <td data-sort-value="Ecuador Quito"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> <a href="/wiki/Quito" title="Quito">Quito</a>, Ecuador (Spanish colonial empire) </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Torres Mariana">Mariana de Jesus Torres </td> <td data-sort-value="1611">1611<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Ribera_Avalos" title="Salvador Ribera Avalos">Bishop Salvador Ribera Avalos</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Quito" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quito">Diocese of Quito</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A religious sister, Mother Mariana de Jesus Torres, reported that the Virgin Mary appeared to her at the Conceptionist Convent in Quito, Ecuador, under the title "Nuestra Señora del Buen Suceso".<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> According to Mother Mariana, Mary requested that a statue be made in her likeness and made several predictions, saying that the church and the world would enter into a period of crisis beginning in the mid-20th century, and that this period would be followed by a complete restoration.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Although the phrase "Good Event" in the apparition title is also understood to refer to this prophesied restoration, the phrase, properly speaking, refers to the <a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of Jesus at the Temple">Purification of Mary and the Presentation of Jesus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Hens"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved, with widespread liturgical veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Hens" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Hens" title="Our Lady of the Hens">Our Lady of the Hens</a> </th> <td>1609 </td> <td data-sort-value="Italy Hens"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Pagani,_Campania" title="Pagani, Campania">Pagani, Campania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (Kingdom of Naples) </td> <td data-sort-value="1609">11 different people </td> <td data-sort-value="1786-08">August 1786 </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="7" style="background: white;">Despite the first apparition is dated back to the 16th century, the <a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_the_Hens" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna of the Hens">Madonna of the Hens</a> is said to have performed eight miracles in the years 1609–1610. It all began when a cripple, who had fallen asleep in front of a dressing room belonging to the ancient parish of San Felice, where the table found by the hens was kept, saw the Madonna in his sleep; she invited him to get up and throw away his crutches because he was healed. The evident miracle attracted general attention to the small oratory, and in a very short time there were new healings: between 1609 and 1610 there were seven other miracles that confirmed in the faithful the devotion to the 'Madonna of the Hens' in and out of the region. It was then decided the building of a more worthy church to welcome the faithful, and in 1610 Msgr. Lunadoro, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Nocera_de%27_Pagani" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Nocera de' Pagani">bishop of Nocera de' Pagani</a>, tells us that "thanks to the help of the devout people, who give large alms, a much more capable church is begun" to be built in the place where the hens had found the table, and Msgr. Stefano de Vicari, in his pastoral visit made in 1615, speaks of a 'newly built church' (Latin: ecclesia noviter erecta), namely the <a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Hens" title="Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens">Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens</a>. In August 1786 the diocesan bishop, Msgr. Benedetto dei Monti Sanfelice, published a decree with which the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">chapter</a> of <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">Saint Peter in the Vatican</a> decided to solemnly crown the 'Madonna delle Galline' in gratitude for the protection of Mary to the population. The coronation ceremony took place in 1787. </td></tr> <tr id="Laus"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Laus" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laus" title="Our Lady of Laus">Our Lady of Laus</a> </th> <td>1664–1718 </td> <td data-sort-value="France Saint-Étienne-le-Laus"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne-le-Laus" title="Saint-Étienne-le-Laus">Saint-Étienne-le-Laus</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Rencurel Benoîte"><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEte_Rencurel" title="Benoîte Rencurel">Benoîte Rencurel</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="2008-05-04">May 4, 2008<a href="#cite_note-39">[note 1]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Michel_Di_Falco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Michel Di Falco (page does not exist)">Bishop Jean-Michel Di Falco</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_di_Falco_Leandri" class="extiw" title="de:Jean-Michel di Falco Leandri">de</a>; <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Di_Falco" class="extiw" title="it:Jean-Michel Di Falco">it</a>; <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Michael_di_Falco" class="extiw" title="la:Ioannes Michael di Falco">la</a>; <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Di_Falco" class="extiw" title="nl:Jean-Michel Di Falco">nl</a>; <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Di_Falco" class="extiw" title="pl:Jean-Michel Di Falco">pl</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Gap">Diocese of Gap and Embrun</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In May 1664, a young shepherdess named <a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEte_Rencurel" title="Benoîte Rencurel">Benoîte Rencurel</a>, 17 years old, reported that <a href="/wiki/Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Saint Maurice</a> appeared to her and said that she would see the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a> in a nearby valley. The next day, Benoîte went to this valley and saw a "beautiful lady", who later revealed her identity: "I am <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Lady Mary</a>, the Mother of my very dear Son". Benoîte was then told to go to Laus and find a chapel there, "from which sweet scents will emanate". There, Mary appeared to her and said "I have asked my Son for this place for the conversion of sinners, and He has granted it to me".<a href="#cite_note-:0-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-41">[40]</a> Mary asked for a sanctuary to be built, and charged Benoîte to welcome the pilgrims and to prepare them for the <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Sacrament of Penance</a>, having received the gift of reading souls.<a href="#cite_note-:2-42">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> Benoîte continued to receive apparitions of Mary for 54 years, until her death in 1718. The local archbishop at the time approved the public veneration of the initial apparitions in 1665, but the apparitions themselves were approved four centuries later, on May 5, 2008.<a href="#cite_note-:0-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-41">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-42">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-laus_approval-38">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Good_Help"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Good Help" scope="row"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://championshrine.org/us-marian-apparition-site-changes-name-to-national-shrine-of-our-lady-of-champion/">Our Lady of Champion</a> </th> <td>1859 </td> <td data-sort-value="United States Wisconsin"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Champion,_Wisconsin" title="Champion, Wisconsin">Champion, Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Brise Adele">Adele Brise </td> <td data-sort-value="2010-12-08">December 8, 2010<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> Bishop <a href="/wiki/David_L._Ricken" title="David L. Ricken">David L. Ricken</a> <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Green_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Green Bay">Diocese of Green Bay</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In Robinsonville (now called <a href="/wiki/Champion,_Wisconsin" title="Champion, Wisconsin">Champion</a>), Wisconsin, a young Belgian immigrant woman named Adele Brise was walking through a wooded area when she saw a beautiful woman standing between a maple and a hemlock tree. She saw the lady again on her way to Mass, and walked past her again. After Mass she told her priest about the apparition, and he told her to ask the Lady "In God's name, who are you and what do you want of me?" When Adele walked past the spot again, the Lady was there, and Adele asked what she was told by the priest. The Lady replied, "I am the Queen of Heaven who prays for the conversion of sinners." She gave Adele the mission to pray for sinners and teach the children of the area their <a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">Catechism</a>, with the assurance, "Go and fear nothing, I will help you." Soon after, Adele's father built a small chapel between the trees, and later two more churches were built on the spot before the present brick church, built in 1942. Our Lady of Champion is the first approved apparition in the United States. In April 2023, the National Shrine of Our Lady of Good Help announced its official name change to The National Shrine of Our Lady of Champion. <a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Pontmain"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Pontmain" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmain" title="Our Lady of Pontmain">Our Lady of Pontmain</a> Our Lady of Hope </th> <td>1871 </td> <td data-sort-value="France Pontmain"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pontmain" title="Pontmain">Pontmain</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="4 Barbadette Eugene">Eùgene Barbadette Joseph Barbadette Jeanne-Marie Lebossé Françoise Richer </td> <td data-sort-value="1872-02-02">February 2, 1872<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Casimir_Wicart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casimir Wicart (page does not exist)">Bishop Casimir Wicart</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casimir_Wicart" class="extiw" title="fr:Casimir Wicart">fr</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Laval" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Laval">Diocese of Laval</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">At the height of the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontmain" title="Pontmain">Pontmain</a>, a hamlet of about 500 inhabitants, found itself between the oncoming Prussian army and the city of <a href="/wiki/Laval,_Mayenne" title="Laval, Mayenne">Laval</a>. While two boys, Joseph and Eugène, aged ten and twelve, were helping their father in the barn, Eugène saw in the night sky an apparition of a beautiful woman smiling at him; she was wearing a blue gown covered with golden stars, and a black veil under a golden crown. Joseph came to look and could see the lady as well. As a crowd gathered, two girls, Françoise Richer and Jeanne-Marie Lebosse, ages nine and eleven, reported seeing Mary as well, and described her in the same way. None of the adults, however, could see Mary, but only saw three stars forming a triangle. The crowd began praying the <a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a>. The children saw a banner unfurl beneath the Lady with a message: "But pray, my children. God will hear you in time. My Son allows Himself to be touched." The apparition lasted about three hours. It was later discovered that the advance of the Prussian troops was halted at the same time that the apparition began; the general reported that the advance was blocked by a "<a href="/wiki/Madonna_(art)" title="Madonna (art)">Madonna</a>". </td></tr> <tr id="Gietrzwałd"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Gietrzwald" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Gietrzwa%C5%82d" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Gietrzwałd">Our Lady of Gietrzwałd</a> </th> <td>1877 </td> <td data-sort-value="Poland Gietrzwald"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Gietrzwa%C5%82d" title="Gietrzwałd">Gietrzwałd</a>, Poland (German Empire) </td> <td data-sort-value="2 Samulowska Stanislawa">Stanisława Samulowska Justyna Szafryńska </td> <td data-sort-value="1977-09-01">September 1, 1977<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Drzazga" title="Józef Drzazga">Bishop Józef Drzazga</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Warmia" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Warmia">Diocese of Warmia</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A 13-year-old girl named Justyna Szafryńska reported that, while praying the <a href="/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus">Angelus</a> on June 27, 1877, she saw a woman seated on a gold throne near a maple tree, accompanied by an angel. The following day, she saw another apparition, this time also with the <a href="/wiki/Christ_child" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ child">Christ child</a>. Three days after the first event, both she and 12-year-old Barbara Samulowska saw Mary, and Justyna asked: "What do you want, Holy Mary?" Mary answered in the local Polish dialect, "I want you to pray the Rosary daily." During the apparition the next day, Justyna asked, "Who are You?" and Mary replied, "I am the Blessed Virgin Mary of Immaculate Conception."<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> In the coming days, Mary promised that fervent prayer would be able to end the persecutions of Catholic Poles that had occurred under <a href="/wiki/Kulturkampf" title="Kulturkampf">Kulturkampf</a>. The apparitions continued for three months. On September 8, about a week before the apparitions ended, Mary blessed a spring of water, from which pilgrims have subsequently reported healings. Our Lady of Gietrzwałd is the only approved Marian apparition in Poland.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Tears"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Tears" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Tears" title="Our Lady of Tears">Our Lady of Tears</a> </th> <td>1930 </td> <td data-sort-value="Brazil"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Campinas" title="Campinas">Campinas</a>, Brazil </td> <td data-sort-value="Amália de Jesus Flagelado"><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A1lia_de_Jesus_Flagelado" class="mw-redirect" title="Amália de Jesus Flagelado">Amália de Jesus Flagelado</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1931-03-08">March 8, 1931<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Campos_Barreto" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco de Campos Barreto">Bishop Francisco de Campos Barreto</a> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_de_Campos_Barreto" class="extiw" title="pt:Francisco de Campos Barreto">pt</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Campinas" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campinas">Archdiocese of Campinas</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">On November 8, 1929, a friend of Sister Amalia came to her to ask for prayers for his seriously ill wife. The nun then went to the chapel of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_the_Missionary_Sisters_of_Jesus_Crucified&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of the Missionary Sisters of Jesus Crucified (page does not exist)">Institute of the Missionary Sisters of Jesus Crucified</a> to pray in this intention, when suddenly <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> appeared to her and said that she should ask him for this grace through the tears of her mother <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a>, teaching her a prayer and assuring her that nothing would be denied her if the request was made in the name of his mother's tears. He also stated that Maria would visit Amália soon.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> On March 8, 1930, she was praying in the same place when the Virgin appeared to her. Maria was dressed in a purple tunic, a dark blue mantle, a white veil that stretched from her head to her chest and in her hands she held a rosary of glittering pearls. Maria then asked Amália to propagate the rosary, calling it "Crown of Tears". She also stated that she would bestow graces on those who would pray it with devotion.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> On April 8 of the same year, Maria appeared again to Amália, indicating a medal that should be used by her devotees so that they could obtain her protection and miracles.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Beauraing"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Beauraing" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beauraing" title="Our Lady of Beauraing">Our Lady of Beauraing</a> Virgin of the Golden Heart </th> <td>1932–1933 </td> <td data-sort-value="Belgium Beauraing"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Beauraing" title="Beauraing">Beauraing</a>, Belgium </td> <td data-sort-value="5 Degeimbre Andree">Andree Degeimbre Gilberte Degeimbre Albert Voisin Fernande Voisin Gilberte Voisin </td> <td data-sort-value="1949-07-02">July 2, 1949<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Charue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André-Marie Charue (page does not exist)">Bishop André-Marie Charue</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Marie_Charue" class="extiw" title="de:André Marie Charue">de</a>; <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Charue" class="extiw" title="fr:André-Marie Charue">fr</a>; <a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Marie_Charue" class="extiw" title="fi:André Marie Charue">fi</a>; <a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Charue" class="extiw" title="lb:André-Marie Charue">lb</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Namur" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Namur">Diocese of Namur</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Between November 29, 1932, and January 3, 1933, five children, ages 9 to 15, reported seeing 33 apparitions of Mary in the garden of a boarding school run by the <a href="/wiki/Sisters_of_Christian_Doctrine_of_Nancy" title="Sisters of Christian Doctrine of Nancy">Sisters of the Christian Doctrine</a>. During the apparitions, Mary appeared in a white robe with rays of blue and a crown of light. In the final apparitions, the Virgin Mary revealed a Heart of Gold, from which the title of the Virgin of the Golden Heart was given to her. Mary told the children she was the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queen of Heaven</a>. Mary asked for prayer, sacrifice and for the construction of a chapel as a place of pilgrimage, promising to convert sinners.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Banneux"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Banneux" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneux" title="Our Lady of Banneux">Our Lady of Banneux</a> Virgin of the Poor </th> <td>1933 </td> <td data-sort-value="Belgium Banneux"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Banneux" title="Banneux">Banneux</a>, Belgium </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Beco Mariette"><a href="/wiki/Mariette_Beco" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariette Beco">Mariette Beco</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1949-08-22">August 22, 1949<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis-Joseph_Kerkhofs" title="Louis-Joseph Kerkhofs">Bishop Louis-Joseph Kerkhofs</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Liège">Diocese of Liège</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Between January 15, 1933, and March 2, 1933, an 11-year-old girl named Mariette Beco reported eight apparitions of Mary. The first apparition took place in the garden of her family’s house, followed by other apparitions near a nearby spring that Mary led Mariette to. Mary said to Mariette that "this spring is reserved for all nations... to relieve the sick" and that through this spring miracles of healing would be worked. Mary identified herself as "the Virgin of the Poor", the Mother of the <a href="/wiki/Redeemer_(Christianity)" title="Redeemer (Christianity)">Savior</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Mary asked for prayer, for the construction of a chapel and to believe in her.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Graces"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Graces" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cimbres_Marian_apparition" title="Cimbres Marian apparition">Our Lady of Graces</a> </th> <td>1936–1937 </td> <td data-sort-value="Brazil"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Cimbres" class="mw-redirect" title="Cimbres">Cimbres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pesqueira,_Pernambuco" title="Pesqueira, Pernambuco">Pesqueira</a>, Brazil </td> <td data-sort-value="2 Carvalho Maria">Maria da Luz Teixeira de Carvalho Maria da Conceição Silva </td> <td data-sort-value="2021-10-13">October 13, 2021<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Luiz_Ferreira_Salles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Luiz Ferreira Salles (page does not exist)">Bishop José Luiz Ferreira Salles</a> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luiz_Ferreira_Salles" class="extiw" title="pt:José Luiz Ferreira Salles">pt</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pesqueira" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Pesqueira">Diocese of Pesqueira</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">On August 6, 1936, young Maria da Luz, 13 years old, and Maria da Conceição, 16 years old, were walking near the town of Cimbres. The two girls, as well as all the residents of the place, lived in fear of encountering thieves <a href="/wiki/Canga%C3%A7o" title="Cangaço">cangaceiros</a> along the way. The younger girl said that if they were found by the thieves, <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Our Lady</a> would protect them. After saying that, the two girls saw a woman with a baby in her arms, surrounded by luminous rays. The girls then asked her her name and she replied "I am grace". At this, they recognized that the woman they saw was Mary and her child that she was carrying with her was <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> In the days that followed, Maria revealed to the girls that she had appeared to them to warn them of the danger of communism.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> She asked them to avoid the punishment of heaven over Brazil, to warn the people to do penance and to devote themselves to the heart of Jesus and her.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> To prove his presence, he made clear, crystalline water come out of a dry rock, stating that those who would drink from it would be cured of their illnesses.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> At the beginning of the phenomena, the German priest Joseph Kehrle was appointed by the bishop to accompany the apparitions and concluded that they were true apparitions of the Virgin Mary.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> The last apparition occurred in 1985 to Maria da Luz, who later became a nun and adopted the religious name Adélia. At that time she was suffering from terminal cancer and was cured after witnessing a new apparition.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> Maria da Conceição continued her lay life.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Akita"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Akita" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akita" title="Our Lady of Akita">Our Lady of Akita</a> </th> <td>1973 </td> <td data-sort-value="Japan Akita"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuzawadai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuzawadai (page does not exist)">Yuzawadai</a>, Japan </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Sasagawa Agnes"><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Katsuko_Sasagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnes Katsuko Sasagawa">Agnes Katsuko Sasagawa</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1984-04-22">April 22, 1984<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> Bishop John Shojiro Ito <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Niigata" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Niigata">Diocese of Niigata</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Sister Agnes Katsuko Sasagawa reported seeing a statue of <a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_All_Nations" title="The Lady of All Nations">The Lady of All Nations</a> illuminate and reported hearing messages, even though she was deaf. The same statue also miraculously wept, a phenomenon repeated on 101 occasions and broadcast on Japanese national television. The messages were apocalyptic in nature, warning of coming calamities if mankind is to not repent. One such prophesy stated, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">If men do not repent and better themselves, the Father will inflict a terrible punishment on all humanity. It will be a punishment greater than <a href="/wiki/Genesis_flood_narrative" title="Genesis flood narrative">the deluge</a>, such as one will never have seen before. Fire will fall from the sky and will wipe out a great part of humanity, ... the good as well as the bad, sparing neither priests nor faithful. The survivors will find themselves so desolate that they will envy the dead. The only arms which will remain for you will be the Rosary and the Sign left by My Son. Each day recite the prayer of the Rosary. With the Rosary pray for the Pope, bishops and the priests. The work of the devil will infiltrate even into the Church in such a way that one will see cardinals opposing cardinals, and bishops against other bishops.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a></blockquote> </td></tr> <tr id="Cuapa"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Cuapa" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Cuapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Cuapa">Our Lady of Cuapa</a> </th> <td>1980 </td> <td data-sort-value="Nicaragua San Francisco de Cuapa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_Cuapa" title="San Francisco de Cuapa">San Francisco de Cuapa</a>, Nicaragua </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Martinez Bernardo">Bernardo Martinez </td> <td data-sort-value="1994">1994<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Bosco_Vivas_Robelo" title="César Bosco Vivas Robelo">César Bosco Vivas Robelo</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Le%C3%B3n_in_Nicaragua" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of León in Nicaragua">Diocese of León in Nicaragua</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A <a href="/wiki/Sacristan" title="Sacristan">sacristan</a> named Bernardo Martinez reported seeing a supernatural light emanating from a statue of the Virgin Mary in the parish church on April 15, 1980. When walking through the fields shortly thereafter on May 8, he saw a vision of the Virgin Mary, who encouraged him to pray the Rosary daily and to promote peace, saying, "Make peace. Don't ask Our Lord for peace because, if you do not make it, there will be no peace."<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> At this time, Nicaragua was going through a civil war, with the <a href="/wiki/Sandinista" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandinista">Sandinista</a> government facing armed opposition from the <a href="/wiki/Contras" title="Contras">Contras</a>. Bernardo reported that Mary asked people to burn books that deny God and promote sin. Many locals understood this to mean Marxist books, and the consequent book-burnings resulted in backlash from supporters of the Communist government.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> In 2005, Silvio Sirias wrote a novel, Bernardo and the Virgin, based on the apparition events.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Kibeho"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Kibeho" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Kibeho" title="Our Lady of Kibeho">Our Lady of Kibeho</a> Mother of the Word </th> <td>1981–1983<a href="#cite_note-kibeho_approval-81">[80]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rwanda Kibeho"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kibeho" title="Kibeho">Kibeho</a>, Rwanda </td> <td data-sort-value="3 Mumureke Alphonsine">Alphonsine Mumureke Nathalie Mukamazimpaka Marie Claire Mukangango </td> <td data-sort-value="2001-06-29">June 29, 2001<a href="#cite_note-kibeho_approval-81">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Augustin_Misago" title="Augustin Misago">Bishop Augustin Misago</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gikongoro" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Gikongoro">Diocese of Gikongoro</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">On November 28, 1981, in the African college of Kibeho, Rwanda, the Virgin Mary reportedly appeared to three teenage students, Alphonsine Mumureke, Nathalie Mukamazimpaka, and Marie Claire Mukangango. The apparition identified herself in the native Rwandan dialect as "Nyina wa Jambo" ("Mother of the Word")<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> and warned of the coming <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">1994 Rwandan Genocide</a> (in which Mukangango was killed). The Marian sanctuary at Kibeho was named "Shrine of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Our Lady of Sorrows</a>" in 1992, two years before the genocide. Only the apparitions to Mumureke, Mukamazimpaka, and Mukangango were approved; other apparitions reported by several other girls and one boy were not. An estimated 500,000 pilgrims visit the site every year.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="San_Nicolás"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Rosary of San Nicolas" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary_of_San_Nicol%C3%A1s" title="Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás">Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás</a> </th> <td>1983–1990<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Argentina San Nicolas de los Arroyos"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Arroyos" title="San Nicolás de los Arroyos">San Nicolás de los Arroyos</a>, Argentina </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Motta Gladys">Gladys Quiroga de Motta </td> <td data-sort-value="2016-05-22">May 22, 2016<a href="#cite_note-sannicolas_cna-85">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Sabatino_Cardelli" title="Héctor Sabatino Cardelli">Bishop Héctor Cardelli</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Arroyos" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of San Nicolás de los Arroyos">Diocese of San Nicolás de los Arroyos</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In 1983, amid reports of rosaries mysteriously glowing in homes throughout San Nicolás, a mother and grandmother named Gladys Quiroga de Motta, upon witnessing the phenomenon, began to pray the Rosary. On 25 September 1983, the Virgin Mary appeared to Gladys wearing a blue gown and veil, holding the baby Jesus and a rosary in her hand. Later, Mary asked Gladys to go look for a statue that had been blessed by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a> but was hidden away, forgotten, in a church. She found the Marian statue, which bore a resemblance to Mary's appearance in the apparition, in the belfry of the diocesan cathedral. Among other requests, Mary asked for a medal to be cast with the title Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás and a new Sanctuary to be built. Gladys continued to receive apparitions from Mary and Jesus, some of them apocalyptic in nature, warning of mankind's impending self-destruction and the loss of many souls. Between 1983 and 1990, approximately 1,800 messages were approved following the positive judgment of the apparitions by the local bishop on May 22, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-sannicolas_cna-85">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Reconciler"> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Reconciler" scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finca_Betania_apparitions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finca Betania apparitions (page does not exist)">Mary, Virgin and Mother, Reconciler of All Peoples and Nations</a> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparizioni_di_Finca_Betania" class="extiw" title="it:Apparizioni di Finca Betania">it</a>] </th> <td>1984 </td> <td data-sort-value="Venezuela Finca Betania"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> Finca Betania, Venezuela </td> <td data-sort-value="151 Bianchini Maria"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Esperanza_de_Bianchini" title="Maria Esperanza de Bianchini">Maria Esperanza de Bianchini</a> and 150 other people </td> <td data-sort-value="1987">1987<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADo_Bello_Ricardo" title="Pío Bello Ricardo">Bishop Pío Bello Ricardo</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Los_Teques" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Los Teques">Diocese of Los Teques</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Esperanza_de_Bianchini" title="Maria Esperanza de Bianchini">Maria Esperanza de Bianchini</a> had several Marian apparitions among her many mystical experiences. In one event on March 25, 1984, 150 other people also said they saw the Blessed Mother along with Maria Esperanza. The apparition is known under the title "Mary, Virgin and Mother, Reconciler of All Peoples and Nations". </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Positive_judgment_of_related_effects">Positive judgment of related effects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Positive judgment of related effects">edit</a>]</div> In some cases, the apparitions do not receive a positive judgment in themselves (because an investigation is still in progress, or because an investigation is judged not to be feasible or necessary, etc.), but elements surrounding the apparition receive approval. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Approved_contemporaneous_miracle">Approved contemporaneous miracle</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Approved contemporaneous miracle">edit</a>]</div> In cases in which a seer reports that Mary appeared to him or her and worked a miracle, ecclesial authorities will occasionally evaluate and certify the miracle – thereby implying belief in the person's account of how it happened – but without directly commenting on the apparition itself. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Approval of associated miracle </th></tr> <tr id="Miracle"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved contemporaneous miracle"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Miracle" scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madonna_of_the_Miracle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madonna of the Miracle (page does not exist)">Madonna of the Miracle</a> Our Lady of Zion </th> <td>1842 </td> <td data-sort-value="Italy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Andrea_delle_Fratte" title="Sant'Andrea delle Fratte">Sant'Andrea delle Fratte</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy (Papal States) </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Ratisbonne Marie-Alphonse"><a href="/wiki/Marie-Alphonse_Ratisbonne" title="Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne">Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1841-06-03">June 3, 1842<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Costantino_Patrizi_Naro" title="Costantino Patrizi Naro">Costantino Patrizi</a> <a href="/wiki/Vicariate_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicariate of Rome">Vicariate of Rome</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A Jewish man named Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne reported seeing an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in a side chapel in the church of Sant'Andrea delle Fratte in Rome. The experience led him to convert to Catholicism. His complete transformation from vehement opposition to the Catholic faith was determined a miracle. <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Kolbe" title="Maximilian Kolbe">St. Maximilian Kolbe</a>, a devotee of the apparition, celebrated his first Mass as a priest in that same chapel. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Approved_public_veneration">Approved public veneration</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Approved public veneration">edit</a>]</div> There are cases in which the Holy See or a local <a href="/wiki/Ordinary_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinary (Catholic Church)">ordinary</a> chooses not to open or definitively conclude an investigation into the supernatural character of the apparitions themselves, but approves of the public religious activity inspired by the apparition. Such approval can come by way of an explicit decree or by implicit means such as the authorization of liturgical veneration. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Approval of public veneration </th></tr> <tr id="Pillar"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Pillar" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Our Lady of the Pillar">Our Lady of the Pillar</a> </th> <td>40 </td> <td data-sort-value="Spain"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a>, Spain </td> <td data-sort-value="1 James"><a href="/wiki/James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James the Apostle</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1723-08-07">Liturgical veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-pillar_aleteia-90">[89]</a> 1730 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_XII" title="Pope Clement XII">Pope Clement XII</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> tradition holds that, in the early days of Christianity, the <a href="/wiki/Apostles_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostles of Jesus">Apostles of Jesus</a> spread the Gospel throughout the known world, with <a href="/wiki/James_the_Greater" class="mw-redirect" title="James the Greater">James the Greater</a> <a href="/wiki/Evangelization" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelization">evangelizing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Hispania" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Hispania">Roman Hispania</a> (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>). James confronted great difficulties in his missionary efforts and faced severe discouragement. In AD 40, while he was praying by the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Ebro" title="Ebro">Ebro</a> at <a href="/wiki/Caesaraugusta" title="Caesaraugusta">Caesaraugusta</a> (Zaragoza), Mary <a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">bilocated</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, where she was living at the time, and appeared to James accompanied by thousands of <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">angels</a>, to console and encourage him.<a href="#cite_note-pillar_aleteia-90">[89]</a> Our Lady of the Pillar is considered the first <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a>, although it is unique in this regard because it is the only one to have occurred while Mary may have still been alive on Earth.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Walsingham"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Walsingham" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Our Lady of Walsingham">Our Lady of Walsingham</a> </th> <td>1061 </td> <td data-sort-value="Italy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Walsingham" title="Walsingham">Walsingham</a>, England </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Faverches Richeldis"><a href="/wiki/Richeldis_de_Faverches" title="Richeldis de Faverches">Richeldis de Faverches</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1897">Shrine approved<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> 1897 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In 1061, a devout Saxon noblewoman named <a href="/wiki/Richeldis_de_Faverches" title="Richeldis de Faverches">Richeldis de Faverches</a> reported that Mary showed her, through a vision, <a href="/wiki/Basilica_della_Santa_Casa" title="Basilica della Santa Casa">the house of Mary in Nazareth</a> in which the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> took place, and asked her to build a replica of it. Once constructed, the shrine passed into the care of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine sometime between 1146 and 1174. Late in 1538, King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</a>'s soldiers <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Monasteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolution of the Monasteries">sacked the priory</a> at Walsingham, killed two monks and destroyed the shrine. In 1896, the 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Slipper_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Slipper Chapel">Slipper Chapel</a> was restored. In 1897, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a> established the Holy House in the Lady Chapel of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Annunciation_Church,_King%27s_Lynn" title="Our Lady of the Annunciation Church, King's Lynn">Our Lady of the Annunciation Church, King's Lynn</a> as a Roman Catholic shrine. There is the also the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham">Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham</a> in the care of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. </td></tr> <tr id="Mount_Carmel"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Mount Carmel" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a> </th> <td>1251 </td> <td data-sort-value="England"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Aylesford" title="Aylesford">Aylesford</a>, England<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Stock Simon"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Stock" title="Simon Stock">Simon Stock</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1251">Repeated endorsement of the associated <a href="/wiki/Scapular_of_Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel">devotional scapular</a> by the Holy See<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">According to <a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmelite Order">Carmelite</a> tradition, Mary appeared to <a href="/wiki/Simon_Stock" title="Simon Stock">Simon Stock</a>, who was Prior General of the Order in the mid-13th century.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> The earliest reference to the tradition of his Marian apparition, dating from the late 14th century, states that "St. Simon was an <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">Englishman</a>, a man of great holiness and devotion, who always in his prayers asked the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Virgin</a> to favor his Order with some singular privilege. The Virgin appeared to him holding the <a href="/wiki/Scapular_of_Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Brown Scapular</a> in her hand saying, 'This is for you and yours a privilege; the one who dies in it will be saved.'"<a href="#cite_note-carmel_cn-99">[98]</a> A scapular, properly speaking, is a double-sided apron-like garment that forms part of the Carmelite <a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">religious habit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> In its original context, the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a>'s promise was an assurance that Carmelites who persevered in their <a href="/wiki/Religious_vocation" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious vocation">vocation</a> would be saved. Beginning in the latter half of the 16th century, a small devotional scapular became very popular as a <a href="/wiki/Sacramentals" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramentals">sacramental</a>.<a href="#cite_note-carmel_cn-99">[98]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Guardia"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Watch" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of the Watch">Our Lady of the Watch</a> </th> <td>1490 </td> <td data-sort-value="Italy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Monte_Figogna" title="Monte Figogna">Monte Figogna</a>, Italy (Republic of Genoa) </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Pareto Benedetto">Benedetto Pareto </td> <td data-sort-value="1915-03-11">Shrine elevated to Minor Basilica<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> March 11, 1915 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XV" title="Pope Benedict XV">Pope Benedict XV</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">An Italian peasant named Benedetto Pareto reported seeing an apparition of Mary on top of <a href="/wiki/Monte_Figogna" title="Monte Figogna">Monte Figogna</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, Italy) on August 29, 1490. Pareto said that the Virgin Mary appeared to him and asked him to build a church atop the mountain. Pareto at first refused, saying that he was just a poor man, but he eventually built a small wooden structure, which in time gathered many pilgrims and is now contained within the <a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Nostra_Signora_della_Guardia" title="Shrine of Nostra Signora della Guardia">Shrine of Our Lady of the Watch</a>. (The apparition is so-named because Monte Figogna used to be a watch-point for the strategic observation of armies and ships.) </td></tr> <tr id="Good_Health"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Good Health" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Health" title="Our Lady of Good Health">Our Lady of Good Health</a> Our Lady of Velankanni </th> <td>1570 and 1587<a href="#cite_note-velankanni_ct-102">[101]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="India"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Velankanni" title="Velankanni">Velankanni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, India (Portuguese colonial empire) </td> <td>Two children, on separate occasions </td> <td data-sort-value="1962">Shrine elevated to Minor Basilica<a href="#cite_note-velankanni_ct-102">[101]</a> 1962 <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Good_Health" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health">Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health</a> in <a href="/wiki/Velankanni" title="Velankanni">Velankanni</a> commemorates two distinct but similar apparitions: the first in 1570 and the second in 1587. In each case, a local child reported a woman appearing and asking for milk to feed her infant. Each appearance was followed by a miracle, leading the locals to believe that both times it was Mary with <a href="/wiki/Christ_Child" title="Christ Child">the child Jesus</a> who had appeared.<a href="#cite_note-velankanni_ct-102">[101]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Šiluva"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Šiluva" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_%C5%A0iluva#Apparition" title="Our Lady of Šiluva">Our Lady of Šiluva</a> </th> <td>1608 </td> <td data-sort-value="Lithuania Šiluva"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iluva" title="Šiluva">Šiluva</a>, Lithuania (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) </td> <td data-sort-value="99">Group of non-Catholics<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1755">Public veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> 1755 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_VI" title="Pope Pius VI">Pope Pius VI</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">With the advent of the Reformation in 16th century Lithuania, many of the inhabitants in the region around Šiluva converted to Calvinism. This caused the Catholic church building in Šiluva to eventually be ransacked and closed around 1569. The last parish priest, John Holubka, buried the remaining church valuables and legal documents and deeds in an iron box near the vandalized church. Subsequent attempts by the Catholics to regain the property through legal proceedings against the Calvinists were hindered by the fact that the exact location of the documents pertaining to the church were unknown. In 1608, Mary appeared to miraculously intervene in the matter by appearing at the church and holding the baby Jesus in her arms and weeping bitterly. The apparition was on the site of the buried valuables and documents, leading to the recovery of the deed, the reclaiming of the church land by the Catholics, and the conversion of many Calvinists. Devotion to Our Lady of Šiluva was temporarily suppressed during the period that Lithuania was part of the Soviet Union. She remains a significant symbol of Lithuanian cultural heritage. </td></tr> <tr id="La_Vang"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="La Vang" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Vang" title="Our Lady of La Vang">Our Lady of La Vang</a> </th> <td>1798 </td> <td data-sort-value="Vietnam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/H%E1%BA%A3i_L%C4%83ng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hải Lăng District">Hải Lăng</a>, Vietnam (Tây Sơn dynasty) </td> <td data-sort-value="999">Vietnamese villagers </td> <td data-sort-value="1961-08-22">Shrine elevated to Minor Basilica<a href="#cite_note-lavang_lor-105">[104]</a> August 22, 1961 <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A group of Vietnamese had been fleeing anti-Catholic persecution by hiding in the jungle, and many had become very ill. The community would gather every night at the foot of a tree to pray the Rosary. The group reported that, one night, Mary appeared to them all, wearing the traditional <a href="/wiki/%C3%81o_d%C3%A0i" title="Áo dài">áo dài</a> Vietnamese dress, holding the child Jesus, and accompanied by angels. She comforted them and instructed them on how to use herbs in the rainforest to cure their illnesses. Although ecclesial authorities never opened a formal investigation, Our Lady of La Vang and her importance for Vietnamese Catholics has been endorsed numerous times by various bishops and popes.<a href="#cite_note-lavang_lor-105">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> She is also venerated by some Vietnamese Protestants and Buddhists.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Pellevoisin"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Pellevoisin" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pellevoisin" title="Our Lady of Pellevoisin">Our Lady of Pellevoisin</a> </th> <td>1876 </td> <td data-sort-value="France"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pellevoisin" title="Pellevoisin">Pellevoisin</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Faguette Estelle">Estelle Faguette </td> <td data-sort-value="1876">Associated confraternity and <a href="/wiki/Scapular_of_the_Sacred_Heart" title="Scapular of the Sacred Heart">scapular</a> approved by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In 1876, a French domestic servant, Estelle Faguette, reported seeing a series of 15 apparitions of the Virgin Mary in the bedroom where she was staying near <a href="/wiki/Pellevoisin" title="Pellevoisin">Pellevoisin</a>, France. When her visions allegedly began, Faguette was terminally ill with <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> and near death. However, in the second apparition, she heard Mary tell her that she would be healed; she recovered and lived until 1929. (In 1983, following a medical and theological inquiry, Archbishop Paul Vignancour of <a href="/wiki/Bourges" title="Bourges">Bourges</a> recognized her recovery as having a miraculous nature.) Faguette also said that during a later apparition, she saw Mary show her the design for the <a href="/wiki/Scapular_of_the_Sacred_Heart" title="Scapular of the Sacred Heart">Scapular of the Sacred Heart</a> and told her to ask her bishop to encourage its devotional use. The Shrine of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pellevoisin" title="Our Lady of Pellevoisin">Our Lady of Pellevoisin</a> was later constructed near the site of the apparitions.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Although <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a> approved the scapular and a confraternity to spread its use, the apparition itself was never approved.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Donglu"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Donglu" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_China" title="Our Lady of China">Our Lady of China</a> Our Lady of Donglü Queen of All Chinese People in Heaven </th> <td>1900 </td> <td data-sort-value="Donglu, Hebei"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dongl%C3%BC" title="Donglü">Donglü</a>, China (Manchu dynasty) </td> <td data-sort-value="700">Small Christian community, ~700 </td> <td data-sort-value="1928">Commemorative image approved<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> 1928 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">In April 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion, a large number of soldiers attacked the small village of Donglü. Our Lady reportedly appeared dressed in white, and a fiery horseman (believed to be <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Saint Michael</a>) chased the soldiers away. A small shrine was built to venerate her in the village, but was destroyed twice. The village pastor, Fr. Wu, commissioned a painting of Mary and Jesus in Chinese royal garb. It has been used as a popular symbol of Chinese Christians. Despite the rampant persecution, there are many shrines consecrated to Our Lady of Donglü.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="All_Nations"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="All Nations" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_All_Nations" title="The Lady of All Nations">Our Lady of All Nations</a> The Mother of All Nations Coredemptrix, Mediatrix, and Advocate </th> <td>1945–1959 </td> <td data-sort-value="Netherlands Amsterdam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, Netherlands </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Peerdeman Ida">Ida Peerdeman </td> <td data-sort-value="1996">Public veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-soffner-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[note 2]</a> 1996 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrik_Bomers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrik Bomers (page does not exist)">Bishop Hendrik Bomers</a> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henny_Bomers" class="extiw" title="nl:Henny Bomers">nl</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Haarlem-Amsterdam" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Haarlem-Amsterdam">Diocese of Haarlem</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A Dutch secretary named Ida Peerdeman claimed to have received Marian apparitions over the course of 14 years. Peerdeman's apparition messages predict a future Marian <a href="/wiki/Dogma_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Dogma in the Catholic Church">dogma</a> that will express Mary's universal motherhood using the three titles of <a href="/wiki/Coredemptrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Coredemptrix">Coredemptrix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a>, and Advocate.<a href="#cite_note-117">[115]</a> In 1956, the bishop of Haarlem "found no evidence of the supernatural nature of the apparitions",<a href="#cite_note-118">[note 3]</a> a judgment which the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> (CDF) confirmed in 1974.<a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> Nevertheless, two decades later, the CDF gave Bishop Bomers permission to authorize public veneration of the title, image, and prayer associated with the apparition, which he did in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-soffner-113">[112]</a> In 2002, <a href="/wiki/Jos_Punt" title="Jos Punt">Bishop Punt</a> took the further step of declaring the apparitions themselves to be approved, despite the CDF's previous ruling on the question. In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hendriks" title="Johannes Hendriks">Bishop Hendriks</a>, in consultation with the CDF, reiterated that the CDF's unfavorable judgment stands, and that the veneration of the associated title, image, and prayer cannot be construed as endorsement of the apparition itself.<a href="#cite_note-hendricks-114">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-hendricks_cna-115">[114]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Prayer"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Prayer" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Prayer">Our Lady of Prayer</a> </th> <td>1947 </td> <td data-sort-value="France"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%8Ele-Bouchard" title="L'Île-Bouchard">L'Île-Bouchard</a>, France </td> <td data-sort-value="4 Aubry Jacqueline"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacqueline_Aubry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacqueline Aubry (page does not exist)">Jacqueline Aubry</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Aubry" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacqueline Aubry">fr</a>] Jeannette Aubry Nicole Robin Laura Croizon </td> <td data-sort-value="2001-12-08">Public veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> December 8, 2001 Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Vingt-Trois" title="André Vingt-Trois">André Vingt-Trois</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Tours" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tours">Archdiocese of Tours</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">On December 8, 1947, 12-year-old Jacqueline Aubry, her sister Jeannette, and cousin Nicole Robin were among students in <a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%8Ele-Bouchard" title="L'Île-Bouchard">L'Île-Bouchard</a> in France whose teacher asked them to spend the lunch hour "praying for France". Although their families were nonpracticing and anticlerical, the girls agreed to their teacher's request. This was a period of <a href="/wiki/1947_strikes_in_France" title="1947 strikes in France">intense civil strife in France</a> and many believed civil war was imminent. The girls were saying the Rosary in the church of St. Gilles when they experienced the first of several Marian apparitions. They said they saw a beautiful young lady with long curly blonde hair, accompanied by an angel (whom they later identified as <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>) who knelt at her side. Running out into the street, the girls asked two friends to come and see the vision: one, Laura Croizon, was able to see it and became the fourth visionary. The day after the first apparition, labor unions agreed to go into negotiations with the government, and believers credited the apparition and the children's prayers. The visitations went on for six days. </td></tr> <tr id="Rosa_Mystica"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public veneration"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Rosa Mystica" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Mystica" title="Rosa Mystica">Rosa Mystica</a> Mystical Rose – Mother of the Church </th> <td>1945–1966 </td> <td data-sort-value="Italy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Montichiari" title="Montichiari">Montichiari</a> and Fontanelle, Italy </td> <td data-sort-value="Pierina Gilli"><a href="/wiki/Pierina_Gilli" title="Pierina Gilli">Pierina Gilli</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="2001-12-08">Public veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> December 7, 2019 Bishop <a href="/wiki/Pierantonio_Tremolada" title="Pierantonio Tremolada">Pierantonio Tremolada</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Brescia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Brescia">Diocese of Brescia</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">From 1947 to 1966, Pierina Gilli, an Italian nurse, witnessed apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary in <a href="/wiki/Montichiari" title="Montichiari">Montichiari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montichiari" title="Montichiari">Fontanelle</a>, Italy, firstly appearing with three swords piercing her <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart</a> and after in a splendidly different manner: in a white dress and with a white mantle around her head that reached to the floor; the three swords were on the floor, and on the chest of the Virgin Mary were three roses: one white, one red, and one gold. Initially Our Lady said just three words to her: "Prayer, Sacrifice, Penance". Pierina had offered all her <a href="/wiki/Redemptive_suffering" title="Redemptive suffering">sufferings</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Sanctification" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctification">sanctification</a> of Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Consecrated_life" title="Consecrated life">consecrated</a> <a href="/wiki/Soul_in_the_Bible" title="Soul in the Bible">souls</a> (namely, for the <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Priesthood (Catholic Church)">priests</a> and for members of male and female <a href="/wiki/List_of_some_religious_institutes_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of some religious institutes (Catholic)">religious institutes</a>, as listed in the Holy See's Pontifical Yearbook, in Italian, <a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a>). On December 7, 2019, Bishop <a href="/wiki/Pierantonio_Tremolada" title="Pierantonio Tremolada">Pierantonio Tremolada</a> instituted an official Sanctuary of Our Lady Rosa Mystica at the apparition site in Fontanelle.<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Medjugorje"> <td style="background-color:#beb;padding:0" title="Approved public pilgrimages"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Medjugorje" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Medjugorje" title="Our Lady of Medjugorje">Our Lady of Medjugorje</a> The Gospa Queen of Peace </th> <td>1981–present </td> <td data-sort-value="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Medjugorje" title="Medjugorje">Medjugorje</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina </td> <td data-sort-value="6 Colo Jakov">Jakov Čolo Ivan Dragičević Mirjana Dragičević Marija Pavlović Ivanka Ivanković Vicka Ivanković </td> <td>Public veneration approved<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a> September 19, 2024 Cardinal <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Víctor Manuel Fernández">Víctor Manuel Fernández</a> Prefect of the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">The reported apparitions of the Virgin Mary to six children in <a href="/wiki/Medjugorje" title="Medjugorje">Medjugorje</a>, beginning in 1981, have received significant attention due to the numerous miracles that large crowds of pilgrims report experiencing on an almost-daily basis, including dramatic conversions, visions, rosaries turning to a gold color, astronomical phenomena like the <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Sun" title="Miracle of the Sun">Miracle of the Sun</a>, etc. The alleged apparitions are also notable for their duration, having been occurring continuously for almost 40 years. The apparition messages contain five main requests: first, to pray the entire <a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a> daily; second, to <a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church">fast</a> on Wednesdays and Fridays; third, to attend <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> as often as possible; fourth, to go to <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Confession</a> at least monthly; and fifth, to read the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> daily. The alleged apparitions were vigorously opposed by the local bishop, <a href="/wiki/Pavao_%C5%BDani%C4%87" title="Pavao Žanić">Pavao Žanić</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Mostar-Duvno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Mostar-Duvno">Mostar-Duvno</a>. Various commissions appointed to investigate the apparitions did not come to a definitive conclusion and left the events open to further study.<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> On March 17, 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> announced it was taking over formal investigation of the alleged apparitions at Medjugorje, with Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Ruini" title="Camillo Ruini">Camillo Ruini</a> heading an investigatory commission that ran from 2010 to 2014.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> authorized official church pilgrimages in 2019, but without making any declaration on the alleged apparitions themselves.<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_judgment">No judgment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: No judgment">edit</a>]</div> Apparitions in this category have not received judgment on the apparitions themselves or on associated elements, either because an investigation was never opened, or because an investigation is still in progress. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="25%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th></tr> <tr id="Universe"> <td style="background-color:#666;padding:0" title="No judgment"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Universe" scope="row">Our Lady of the Universe Our Lady of the Concourse </th> <td>1945 </td> <td data-sort-value="United States"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Vitolo Joseph">Joseph Vitolo </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="5" style="background: white;">On October 29, 1945, at 7 pm, 9-year-old Joseph Vitolo was one of a group of children playing outside his home near <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a>'s Grand Concourse. The children saw something floating above a hill behind the house, and when Joseph recited a Hail Mary he immediately saw a young woman whom he identified as the Virgin. He heard her ask him to come back at the same hour for sixteen nights and to pray for world peace. Joseph did so, accompanied by his mother and numerous onlookers. Within a few days, the visitations were receiving worldwide attention and up to 20,000 people attended the nightly vigil. Among those who expressed interest in the events were <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lou_Costello" title="Lou Costello">Lou Costello</a>, and Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Francis_Spellman" title="Francis Spellman">Francis Spellman</a>. Revered as a saint by the pilgrims, Joseph was frequently asked to cure the sick and injured and would respond by praying with them. The place where Joseph allegedly saw the visions was bought by a devotee who created a shrine there, but there was never any official investigation or attempt to confirm the reported visitations as legitimate. Joseph struggled throughout his life, taking various menial jobs to support his family. He continued to visit the shrine at 7 p.m. each evening until age and poor health prevented him from climbing the hill. The alleged apparitions were never officially approved, but the nearby St. Philip Neri church holds special Masses at the shrine on the anniversaries of the first and last reported visitations.<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> </td></tr> <tr id="Soufanieh"> <td style="background-color:#666;padding:0" title="No judgment"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Soufanieh" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Soufanieh" title="Our Lady of Soufanieh">Our Lady of Soufanieh</a> </th> <td>1982–1983 </td> <td data-sort-value="Syria"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> Soufanieh, <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, Syria </td> <td>Mary Kourbet "Myrna" (Al-Akhras) Nazzour </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="5" style="background: white;">Myrna Nazzour, a <a href="/wiki/Melkite_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Melkite Greek Catholic Church">Melkite Catholic</a> woman married to an Orthodox husband,<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> has reported experiencing various mystical phenomena over the years beginning in 1982, including olive oil oozing both from an <a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icon</a> and from her own hands, <a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">stigmata</a> wounds on her body, and apparitions of Mary. Mary appeared five times between 1982 and 1983, asking for prayers for Christian unity (especially between <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a>), particularly stressing the importance of a <a href="/wiki/Reform_of_the_date_of_Easter" title="Reform of the date of Easter">unified date for Easter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a> Myrna reported continuing to receive <a href="/wiki/Interior_locution" title="Interior locution">locutions</a> even after the alleged apparitions ceased. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neutral_judgment">Neutral judgment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Neutral judgment">edit</a>]</div> Apparitions in this category have been evaluated, but received neither approval nor rejection. This is known as a "non constat de supernaturalitate" judgment, or "non constat" for short.<a href="#cite_note-garabandal_ewtn-136">[133]</a> The apparitions listed here also lack approval for any related public cultus, such as public veneration or pilgrimages. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="25%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Neutral judgment </th></tr> <tr id="Garabandal"> <td style="background-color:#fc0;padding:0" title="Neutral judgment"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Mount Carmel of Garabandal" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Garabandal_apparitions" title="Garabandal apparitions">Our Lady of Mount Carmel of Garabandal</a> </th> <td>1961–1965 </td> <td data-sort-value="Spain"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Garabandal" title="San Sebastián de Garabandal">San Sebastián de Garabandal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cantabria" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a>, Spain </td> <td data-sort-value="4 Gonzalez Jacinta">Jacinta González Mari Cruz González Maria "Conchita" Concepción González Mari Loli Mazón </td> <td>November 7, 2001<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-garabandal_ewtn-136">[133]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana_Blasco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Vilaplana Blasco (page does not exist)">Bishop José Vilaplana Blasco</a> [<a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana_Blasco" class="extiw" title="ca:José Vilaplana Blasco">ca</a>; <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana" class="extiw" title="es:José Vilaplana">es</a>; <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana_Blasco" class="extiw" title="de:José Vilaplana Blasco">de</a>; <a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana_Blasco" class="extiw" title="fi:José Vilaplana Blasco">fi</a>; <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vilaplana_Blasco" class="extiw" title="pl:José Vilaplana Blasco">pl</a>] <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Santander" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Santander">Diocese of Santander</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Four girls reported seeing apparitions of <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Saint Michael the Archangel</a> and the Blessed Virgin Mary. The girls heard Mary predict a forthcoming "Warning" from God, apparent to the whole world, that will precede a "Great Miracle". If these do not result in the conversion of the world, a great Chastisement will follow. </td></tr> <tr id="America"> <td style="background-color:#fc0;padding:0" title="Neutral judgment"> </td> <th data-sort-value="America" scope="row">Our Lady of America Our Lady of the Divine Indwelling </th> <td>1956–1959 </td> <td data-sort-value="United States"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Rome_City,_Indiana" title="Rome City, Indiana">Rome City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Neuzil Mildred">Sister Mildred Mary Neuzil </td> <td data-sort-value="2020">May 7, 2020<a href="#cite_note-oloa_nonconstat-138">[135]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_C._Rhoades" title="Kevin C. Rhoades">Bishop Kevin C. Rhoades</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Fort_Wayne%E2%80%93South_Bend" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend">Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Sister Mildred Mary Ephrem Neuzil of the Sisters of the Most Precious Blood reported seeing multiple apparitions of Mary, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a>, and angels. In the alleged apparition messages, Mary identified herself as patroness of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> under the title Our Lady of America,<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a> and pleaded for the United States to return to the virtue of purity. She also identified herself as Our Lady of the Divine Indwelling, a title which describes Mary as exemplar of one who possesses <a href="/wiki/Sanctifying_grace" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctifying grace">sanctifying grace</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Saint Joseph</a> reportedly requested a First Wednesday devotion to the Pure Heart of Joseph, to complement the existing <a href="/wiki/First_Friday_Devotion" class="mw-redirect" title="First Friday Devotion">First Friday</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturday</a> devotions. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Francis_Leibold" title="Paul Francis Leibold">Archbishop Paul Leibold</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cincinnati" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati">Archdiocese of Cincinnati</a> authorized various aspects of public devotion, but without passing judgment on the supernatural character of the alleged apparitions themselves. The alleged apparitions were also endorsed by Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Leo_Burke" title="Raymond Leo Burke">Raymond Burke</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a> However, in 2020, Bishop <a href="/wiki/Kevin_C._Rhoades" title="Kevin C. Rhoades">Kevin C. Rhoades</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Fort_Wayne%E2%80%93South_Bend" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend">Fort Wayne–South Bend</a> concluded an official investigation into the alleged apparitions with a "non constat de supernaturalitate" judgment. He, together with a group of other bishops, determined that they could not approve public devotion or cult, but private devotion could continue without harm to the faith.<a href="#cite_note-oloa_nonconstat-138">[135]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Negative_judgment">Negative judgment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Negative judgment">edit</a>]</div> Some apparitions, despite being officially rejected, are notable for continuing to have a substantial following. In rare cases, rejected apparitions are approved at a later date once new evidence becomes available. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Rejection </th></tr> <tr id="Lipa"> <td style="background-color:#c00;padding:0" title="Negative judgment"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Mediatrix of All Grace" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mediatrix_of_All_Grace" title="Mary, Mediatrix of All Grace">Mary, Mediatrix of All Grace</a> </th> <td>1948 </td> <td data-sort-value="Philippines Lipa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lipa,_Batangas" title="Lipa, Batangas">Lipa, Batangas</a>, Philippines </td> <td data-sort-value="1 Castillo Teresita"><a href="/wiki/Teresita_Castillo" title="Teresita Castillo">Teresita Castillo</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1951">1951<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">A postulant at a Carmelite Monastery reported seeing multiple apparitions of Mary during 1948. In 1951, the alleged apparitions were rejected by a panel of bishops, a decision confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith</a> under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a>. Despite the rejection, the apparition continued to receive high-profile support, including from two <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">Presidents of the Philippines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a>). In 2015, the local bishop declared the apparitions to be approved, in what is the only known case of a local bishop attempting to ignore a Vatican decision on the authenticity of an apparition.<a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a> The Vatican overruled the bishop and reasserted its previous decision later that same year. The apparition is also notable for likely being the only case in which the supernatural nature of the apparitions is denied, but the veneration surrounding the apparition is allowed to continue.<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coptic_Orthodox_Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Coptic Orthodox Church">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" style="padding:0;width:7px"> </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Associated Marian titles </th> <th scope="col">Years </th> <th scope="col">Location </th> <th scope="col">Seers </th> <th scope="col">Approval </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Zeitoun" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Zeitoun" title="Our Lady of Zeitoun">Our Lady of Zeitoun</a> </th> <td>1968 </td> <td data-sort-value="Egypt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zeitoun,_Cairo" title="Zeitoun, Cairo">Zeitoun</a>, Egypt </td> <td data-sort-value="999">Thousands, including Egyptian President <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1968-05-04">May 4, 1968<a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Cyril_VI_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria">Cyril VI</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria">Patriarchate of Cairo</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">According to witnesses, Mary appeared in different forms over the <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Orthodox">Coptic Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church</a> of Saint Mary in the <a href="/wiki/Zeitoun,_Cairo" title="Zeitoun, Cairo">Zeitoun</a> district of <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, for a period of 2–3 years, beginning on April 2, 1968, some ten months after the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>. It was a mass apparition, reportedly witnessed by many thousands of people, including Egyptian President <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a>, and captured by newspaper photographers and Egyptian television. The apparitions each lasted from a few minutes up to several hours and were sometimes accompanied by dove-shaped luminous bodies. There have been <a href="/wiki/Conversion_to_Christianity" title="Conversion to Christianity">conversions to Christianity</a> and claims of miraculous cures<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a> associated with the apparitions. A month into the events, the apparitions up to that point were approved by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Cyril_VI_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria">Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Assuit" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Assiut" title="Our Lady of Assiut">Our Lady of Assiut</a> </th> <td>2000–2001 </td> <td data-sort-value="Egypt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Asyut" title="Asyut">Asyut</a>, Egypt </td> <td data-sort-value="999">Thousands </td> <td data-sort-value="2000-10-13">October 13, 2001 Acknowledged as "apparitions of Virgin Mary" by Coptic priests in Assiut<a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">The apparitions of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Assiut" title="Our Lady of Assiut">Our Lady of Assiut</a> were also mass apparitions in <a href="/wiki/Assiut" class="mw-redirect" title="Assiut">Assiut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, during 2000 and 2001 and many thousands of witnesses produced photographs of them, which were reprinted in several newspapers.<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a> The reports state that during Mass, pictures hung on the wall inside the altar, which show St Mary with a dove above her started to illuminate first, then the light from the dove in the pictures started to flow down. The lights thereafter appeared above the church as well and were seen by thousands of people.<a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> The Coptic church approved of the apparitions. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#2b2;padding:0" title="Approved"> </td> <th data-sort-value="Warraq" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Warraq" title="Our Lady of Warraq">Our Lady of Warraq</a> </th> <td>2009 </td> <td data-sort-value="Egypt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> Warraq al-Hadar, <a href="/wiki/Giza" title="Giza">Giza</a>, Egypt </td> <td data-sort-value="3000">Approximately 3,000 people<a href="#cite_note-warraq_approval-150">[147]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="2009-12-11">December 2009<a href="#cite_note-warraq_approval-150">[147]</a> Bishop Anba Theodosius Giza </td></tr> <tr class="expand-child"> <td class="description" colspan="6" style="background: white;">Early on December 11, 2009, various phenomena began appearing above a church in Warraq al-Hadar. Shortly thereafter, the bishop authenticated the apparitions with a statement describing the events: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">The Bishopric of Giza announces that the Holy Virgin has appeared in a transfiguration at the Church named after her in Warraq al-Hadar, Giza, in the early hours of Friday 11 December 2009 at 1:00 am. The Holy Virgin appeared in her full height in luminous robes, above the middle dome of the church, in pure white dress and a royal blue belt. She had a crown on her head, above which appeared the cross on top of the dome. The crosses on top of the church's domes and towers glowed brightly with light. The Holy Virgin moved between the domes and on to the top of the church gate between its two twin towers. The local residents all saw her. The apparition lasted from 1:00 am till 4:00 am on Friday, and was registered by cameras and cell phones. Some 3,000 people from the neighbourhood, surrounding areas, and passers-by gathered in the street in front of the church to see the apparition. Since Friday, the huge crowds gathered in the vicinity of the church have been seeing luminous white pigeons soaring above the church during various times of the night, as well as a star which emerges suddenly in the heaven, travels some 200 metres across, then disappears. The huge crowds gathered around the church do not cease singing hymns and praises for the Holy Virgin.<a href="#cite_note-warraq_approval-150">[147]</a></blockquote> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Guardian_Angel" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Guardian Angel">Holy Guardian Angel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Although news outlets widely reported the apparition as being "Vatican approved,"<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> the approval was given by the local bishop with the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">CDF</a>'s permission, not by the CDF directly.<a href="#cite_note-laus_approval-38">[38]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> Although the public veneration of associated elements is approved, the apparition itself is not. The current bishop has made it clear that such veneration cannot be considered an endorsement of the supernaturality of the apparition itself.<a href="#cite_note-hendricks-114">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-hendricks_cna-115">[114]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> In the taxonomy used by this page, this is a "neutral judgment." </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/a/apparitions-statistics-modern.php">"Apparitions Statistics, Modern : University of Dayton, Ohio"</a>. udayton.edu. Retrieved June 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=udayton.edu&rft.atitle=Apparitions+Statistics%2C+Modern+%3A+University+of+Dayton%2C+Ohio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fudayton.edu%2Fimri%2Fmary%2Fa%2Fapparitions-statistics-modern.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKosloski2019" class="citation web cs1">Kosloski, Philip (May 15, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2019/05/15/this-map-illustrates-500-years-of-marys-apparitions/">"This map illustrates 500 years of Mary's apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. Retrieved October 7, 2019. <q>It wasn't until the Council of Trent in the 16th century that a more formal method of approving apparitions was established, which has been further refined during the past century. 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February 24, 1978.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Norms+Regarding+the+Manner+of+Proceeding+in+the+Discernment+of+Presumed+Apparitions+or+Revelations&rft.pub=Congregation+for+the+Doctrine+of+the+Faith&rft.date=1978-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fcongregations%2Fcfaith%2Fdocuments%2Frc_con_cfaith_doc_19780225_norme-apparizioni_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLowen2024" class="citation news cs1">Lowen, Mark (May 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cekl9jd883yo">"Vatican tightens rules on supernatural phenomena"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vatican+tightens+rules+on+supernatural+phenomena&rft.date=2024-05-18&rft.aulast=Lowen&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcekl9jd883yo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcLellan2024" class="citation news cs1">McLellan, Justin (May 17, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usccb.org/news/2024/vatican-publishes-new-norms-discern-alleged-supernatural-phenomena">"Vatican publishes new norms to discern alleged supernatural phenomena"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Conference_of_Catholic_Bishops" title="United States Conference of Catholic Bishops">United States Conference of Catholic Bishops</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vatican+publishes+new+norms+to+discern+alleged+supernatural+phenomena&rft.date=2024-05-17&rft.aulast=McLellan&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usccb.org%2Fnews%2F2024%2Fvatican-publishes-new-norms-discern-alleged-supernatural-phenomena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rahner-6"><a href="#cite_ref-rahner_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRahner1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rahner" title="Karl Rahner">Rahner, Karl</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a0y1VdAQZSYC&pg=PA109">Visioni e profezie: mistica ed esperienza della trascendenza</a> (in Italian). Translated by Dell'Oro, Roberto. Vita e Pensiero. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788834338766" title="Special:BookSources/9788834338766"><bdi>9788834338766</bdi></a>. <q>è sorprendente che la Santa Sede abbia evitato nei casi di Beauraing e Banneaux di concedere l'autorizzazione come i vescovi volevano; per questo però diede il permesso, a che essi facessero ciò con la loro autorità episcopale</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Visioni+e+profezie%3A+mistica+ed+esperienza+della+trascendenza&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Vita+e+Pensiero&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9788834338766&rft.aulast=Rahner&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da0y1VdAQZSYC%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFConnolly2019" class="citation web cs1">Connolly, Rev. Seán (October 9, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2019/10/09/a-conversation-with-bishop-ricken-about-the-apparition-of-our-lady-of-good-help/">"A conversation with Bishop Ricken about the Apparition of Our Lady of Good Help"</a>. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+conversation+with+Bishop+Ricken+about+the+Apparition+of+Our+Lady+of+Good+Help&rft.date=2019-10-09&rft.aulast=Connolly&rft.aufirst=Rev.+Se%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicworldreport.com%2F2019%2F10%2F09%2Fa-conversation-with-bishop-ricken-about-the-apparition-of-our-lady-of-good-help%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/approved_apparitions/vatican.html">"Bishop Approved Apparitions with Vatican Recognition"</a>. Miracle Hunter. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Bishop+Approved+Apparitions+with+Vatican+Recognition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fapproved_apparitions%2Fvatican.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKosloski2018" class="citation web cs1">Kosloski, Philip (April 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2018/04/18/these-apparitions-were-officially-approved-by-the-holy-see-as-worthy-of-belief/">"These apparitions were officially approved by the Holy See as "worthy of belief""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aleteia&rft.atitle=These+apparitions+were+officially+approved+by+the+Holy+See+as+%22worthy+of+belief%22&rft.date=2018-04-18&rft.aulast=Kosloski&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2018%2F04%2F18%2Fthese-apparitions-were-officially-approved-by-the-holy-see-as-worthy-of-belief%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSlick2014" class="citation web cs1">Slick, Matt (September 26, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carm.org/catholic/what-are-the-approved-mary-apparitions-of-the-roman-catholic-church">"What are the approved apparitions of Mary in the Roman Catholic Church?"</a>. Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+Apologetics+%26+Research+Ministry&rft.atitle=What+are+the+approved+apparitions+of+Mary+in+the+Roman+Catholic+Church%3F&rft.date=2014-09-26&rft.aulast=Slick&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcarm.org%2Fcatholic%2Fwhat-are-the-approved-mary-apparitions-of-the-roman-catholic-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udayton.edu/news/articles/2016/01/our_lady_of_guadalupe.php">"Ten Things to Know About Our Lady of Guadalupe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dayton" title="University of Dayton">University of Dayton</a>. January 27, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2019. <q>The church approved the apparition in 1555.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ten+Things+to+Know+About+Our+Lady+of+Guadalupe&rft.date=2016-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fudayton.edu%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2016%2F01%2Four_lady_of_guadalupe.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrading2001" class="citation book cs1">Brading, David A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mexicanphoenixou00dabr/page/58">Mexican Phoenix Our Lady of Guadalupe: Image and Tradition Across Five Centuries</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mexicanphoenixou00dabr/page/58">58</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521801317" title="Special:BookSources/9780521801317"><bdi>9780521801317</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mexican+Phoenix+Our+Lady+of+Guadalupe%3A+Image+and+Tradition+Across+Five+Centuries&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780521801317&rft.aulast=Brading&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmexicanphoenixou00dabr%2Fpage%2F58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDirvin" class="citation web cs1">Dirvin, Fr. Joseph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/saint-catherine-laboure-of-the-miraculous-medal-5307">"Saint Catherine Laboure of the Miraculous Medal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>. <q>Archbishop de Quelen [decided] to institute a canonical inquiry. He appointed Monseigneur Quentin, Vicar General of Paris, to conduct it. The sessions were opened on 1836 ... The findings of the Canonical Inquiry of Paris completely vindicated Catherine. The court extolled her character and virtue, and placed wholehearted credence in her visions. Two important conclusions were reached: that the Medal was of supernatural origin, and that the wonders worked through it were genuine.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EWTN&rft.atitle=Saint+Catherine+Laboure+of+the+Miraculous+Medal&rft.aulast=Dirvin&rft.aufirst=Fr.+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fsaint-catherine-laboure-of-the-miraculous-medal-5307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGlass1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Glass, Joseph (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10115a.htm">"Miraculous Medal"</a>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a>. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Miraculous+Medal&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F10115a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/saint-catherine-laboure-of-the-miraculous-medal-5307">"Saint Catherine Laboure of the Miraculous Medal | EWTN"</a>. EWTN Global Catholic Television Network. Retrieved February 25, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EWTN+Global+Catholic+Television+Network&rft.atitle=Saint+Catherine+Laboure+of+the+Miraculous+Medal+%7C+EWTN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fsaint-catherine-laboure-of-the-miraculous-medal-5307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10115a.htm">"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Miraculous Medal"</a>. www.newadvent.org. Retrieved February 25, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newadvent.org&rft.atitle=CATHOLIC+ENCYCLOPEDIA%3A+Miraculous+Medal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F10115a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtnvatican.com/articles/popes-and-the-miraculous-medal-a-legacy-of-devotion-1922">"The Popes and the Miraculous Medal: A Legacy of Devotion"</a>. EWTN Vatican. Retrieved February 25, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EWTN+Vatican&rft.atitle=The+Popes+and+the+Miraculous+Medal%3A+A+Legacy+of+Devotion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtnvatican.com%2Farticles%2Fpopes-and-the-miraculous-medal-a-legacy-of-devotion-1922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lasalette.info/mission/history-of-congregation">"History of La Salettes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Missionaries_of_La_Salette" title="Missionaries of La Salette">Missionaries of Our Lady of La Salette</a>. April 26, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2019. <q>1851 ... Bishop de Bruillard publishes the Doctrinal Statement of September 19: the Apparition is authentic; public worship is authorized; a church will be built on the site of the Apparition.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Missionaries+of+Our+Lady+of+La+Salette&rft.atitle=History+of+La+Salettes&rft.date=2013-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lasalette.info%2Fmission%2Fhistory-of-congregation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/statements/lasalette_statement_01.html">"Excerpts from The Pastoral Letter of Mgr de Bruillard, Bishop of Grenoble, on the Fifth Anniversary of the La Salette Apparition"</a>. Miracle Hunter. September 19, 1851. Retrieved October 11, 2019. <q>We judge that the Apparition of the Blessed Virgin to the two cowherds on the 19th of September, 1846, on a mountain of the chain of Alps, situated in the parish of LaSalette, in the archpresbytery of Corps, bears within Itself all the characteristics of truth, and that the faithful have grounds for believing it indubitable and certain.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Excerpts+from+The+Pastoral+Letter+of+Mgr+de+Bruillard%2C+Bishop+of+Grenoble%2C+on+the+Fifth+Anniversary+of+the+La+Salette+Apparition&rft.date=1851-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fstatements%2Flasalette_statement_01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diocesedegap.fr/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/EDHA-n%C2%B0-122-juin-2016.pdf">"La Salette au propre de France"</a> (PDF). Église dans les Hautes-Alpes (in French) (122): 4. June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191230092131/https://www.diocesedegap.fr/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/EDHA-n%C2%B0-122-juin-2016.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89glise+dans+les+Hautes-Alpes&rft.atitle=La+Salette+au+propre+de+France&rft.issue=122&rft.pages=4&rft.date=2016-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.diocesedegap.fr%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2011%2F10%2FEDHA-n%25C2%25B0-122-juin-2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpano2008" class="citation news cs1">Spano, Susan (September 7, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-lourdestimeline7-2008sep07-story.html">"Lourdes, France, through the centuries"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>1862: After questioning Bernadette, Bishop Bertrand-Severe Laurence of the diocese of Tarbes (later Tarbes and Lourdes) confirms the apparitions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Lourdes%2C+France%2C+through+the+centuries&rft.date=2008-09-07&rft.aulast=Spano&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Ftravel%2Fla-tr-lourdestimeline7-2008sep07-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLaurence1862" class="citation web cs1">Laurence, Bertrand (January 18, 1862). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/statements/lourdes_comm_report.html">"Report of the Episcopal Commission"</a>. Miracle Hunter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Report+of+the+Episcopal+Commission&rft.date=1862-01-18&rft.aulast=Laurence&rft.aufirst=Bertrand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fstatements%2Flourdes_comm_report.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFastiggi2017" class="citation web cs1">Fastiggi, Dr. Robert (January 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://osvnews.com/2017/01/01/the-meaning-of-fatima-100-years-later/">"The meaning of Fatima: 100 years later"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Our_Sunday_Visitor" title="Our Sunday Visitor">Our Sunday Visitor</a>. 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Knock Shrine. Retrieved October 10, 2019. <q>On 8 October 1879, Archbishop Mac Hale of Tuam set up an ecclesiastical Commission of Enquiry to investigate the Apparition. It consisted of Canon Ulick Burke, PP Claremorris, Canon James Waldron of Ballyhaunis, Archdeacon Cavanagh, PP, Knock and 6 local curates. The testimonies of all 15 official witnesses to the Apparition were found to be trustworthy and satisfactory.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Knock+Shrine&rft.atitle=The+Story+of+Knock%3A+1879&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knockshrine.ie%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgy-ireland.ie/liturgy-news-2011-2015.html">"31 March 2011: Additions to the National Calendar and Proper"</a>. National Centre for Liturgy, <a href="/wiki/St_Patrick%27s_College,_Maynooth" class="mw-redirect" title="St Patrick's College, Maynooth">St Patrick's College, Maynooth</a>. July 5, 2023. <q>Approval has been received from the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments for the following additions to the National Calendar and Proper: 17 August – Our Lady of Knock – memorial</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Centre+for+Liturgy%2C+St+Patrick%27s+College%2C+Maynooth&rft.atitle=31+March+2011%3A+Additions+to+the+National+Calendar+and+Proper&rft.date=2023-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liturgy-ireland.ie%2Fliturgy-news-2011-2015.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHill1879" class="citation web cs1">Hill, Patrick (1879). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/approved_apparitions/knock/phill_statement.html">"Deposition to the investigatory commission"</a>. Miracle Hunter. Retrieved October 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Deposition+to+the+investigatory+commission&rft.date=1879&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fapproved_apparitions%2Fknock%2Fphill_statement.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fatima.org/about/fatima-the-facts/approval-by-the-bishop-1930/">"Approval by the Bishop (1930)"</a>. The Fatima Center. February 9, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2019. <q>[W]e hereby: 1. Declare worthy of belief, the visions of the shepherd children in the Cova da Iria, parish of Fatima, in this diocese, from the 13th May to 13th October, 1917. 2. Permit officially the cult of Our Lady of Fatima.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Fatima+Center&rft.atitle=Approval+by+the+Bishop+%281930%29&rft.date=2017-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffatima.org%2Fabout%2Ffatima-the-facts%2Fapproval-by-the-bishop-1930%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucia-dos-Santos">"Lucia dos Santos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Retrieved October 10, 2019. <q>After years of investigation, the veneration of Our Lady of Fátima was authorized by the bishop of Leiria, Portugal, on October 13, 1930.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Lucia+dos+Santos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FLucia-dos-Santos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArcement2017" class="citation news cs1">Arcement, Katherine (October 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/10/13/our-lady-of-fatima-the-virgin-mary-promised-three-kids-a-miracle-that-70000-gathered-to-see/">"Our Lady of Fatima: The Virgin Mary promised three kids a miracle that 70,000 gathered to see"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+Fatima%3A+The+Virgin+Mary+promised+three+kids+a+miracle+that+70%2C000+gathered+to+see&rft.date=2017-10-13&rft.aulast=Arcement&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fretropolis%2Fwp%2F2017%2F10%2F13%2Four-lady-of-fatima-the-virgin-mary-promised-three-kids-a-miracle-that-70000-gathered-to-see%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaj2007" class="citation book cs1">Raj, Razaq (2007). 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Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Catholic+Register&rft.atitle=Marian+Messenger&rft.date=2011-03-31&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fdaily-news%2Fmarian-messenger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121201135940/http://www.hoy.com.ec/noticias-ecuador/concepcionistas-cumplen-500-anos-500997.html">"Conceptionists celebrate their 500th anniversary"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoy.com.ec/noticias-ecuador/concepcionistas-cumplen-500-anos-500997.html">the original</a> on December 1, 2012. 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May 5, 2008. Retrieved October 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vatican+recognizes+Marian+apparitions+in+France&rft.date=2008-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F12546%2Fvatican-recognizes-marian-apparitions-in-france&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-laus_approval-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-laus_approval_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-laus_approval_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com/fr/decouvrir/reconnaissance-2008.html">"La reconnaissance officielle des apparitions"</a>. Sanctuary of Our Lady of Laus (in French). Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sanctuary+of+Our+Lady+of+Laus&rft.atitle=La+reconnaissance+officielle+des+apparitions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com%2Ffr%2Fdecouvrir%2Freconnaissance-2008.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_40-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com/le-message/histoire">"Histoire du Laus"</a>. www.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com (in French). Retrieved February 17, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com&rft.atitle=Histoire+du+Laus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanctuaire-notredamedulaus.com%2Fle-message%2Fhistoire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/before-lourdes-and-fatima-our-lady-appeared-in-laus">"Before Lourdes and Fatima, Our Lady Appeared in Laus"</a>. NCR. August 4, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NCR&rft.atitle=Before+Lourdes+and+Fatima%2C+Our+Lady+Appeared+in+Laus&rft.date=2019-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fbefore-lourdes-and-fatima-our-lady-appeared-in-laus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_42-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/12546/vatican-recognizes-marian-apparitions-in-france">"Vatican recognizes Marian apparitions in France"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. May 5, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2019. <q>Benedicta took the mission she received from Mary seriously and dedicated herself to preparing sinners to receive the sacrament of Penance.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vatican+recognizes+Marian+apparitions+in+France&rft.date=2008-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F12546%2Fvatican-recognizes-marian-apparitions-in-france&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPronechen2019" class="citation news cs1">Pronechen, Joseph (August 4, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/joseph-pronechen/are-the-laus-apparitions-the-foundation-for-la-salette-and-lourdes">"Before Lourdes and Fatima, Our Lady Appeared in Laus"</a>. <q>Our Lady told her God was giving her the gift of reading souls, much as what would later be given to Padre Pio, in order to help people to know their sins, remembered or forgotten, repent, confess in the sacrament of Penance, and return to God.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Before+Lourdes+and+Fatima%2C+Our+Lady+Appeared+in+Laus&rft.date=2019-08-04&rft.aulast=Pronechen&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fjoseph-pronechen%2Fare-the-laus-apparitions-the-foundation-for-la-salette-and-lourdes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121213223836/http://www.gbdioc.org/newsevents/news/857-worthy-of-belief.html">"Bishop Ricken Approves Marian Apparitions at Shrine of Our Lady of Good Help"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Green_Bay" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay">Diocese of Green Bay</a>. December 8, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gbdioc.org/newsevents/news/857-worthy-of-belief.html">the original</a> on December 13, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2019. <q>'I declare with moral certainty and in accord with the norms of the Church that the events, apparitions and locutions given to Adele Brise in October of 1859 do exhibit the substance of supernatural character, and I do hereby approve these apparitions as worthy of belief (although not obligatory) by the Christian faithful.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diocese+of+Green+Bay&rft.atitle=Bishop+Ricken+Approves+Marian+Apparitions+at+Shrine+of+Our+Lady+of+Good+Help&rft.date=2010-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gbdioc.org%2Fnewsevents%2Fnews%2F857-worthy-of-belief.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMann2010" class="citation web cs1">Mann, Benjamin (December 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/21565/wisconsin-chapel-approved-as-first-us-marian-apparition-site">"Wisconsin chapel approved as first US Marian apparition site"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wisconsin+chapel+approved+as+first+US+Marian+apparition+site&rft.pub=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.date=2010-12-09&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F21565%2Fwisconsin-chapel-approved-as-first-us-marian-apparition-site&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHostachy1943" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hostachy, Victor (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aHV6DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT18">L'éloquente apparition de Notre-Dame de La Salette</a> (in French). FeniXX réédition numérique. pp. 18–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782402275736" title="Special:BookSources/9782402275736"><bdi>9782402275736</bdi></a>. <q>Mgr Wicart, évêque de Laval, portait son jugement, le 2 février 1872, sur le prodige de Pontmain ... : «...Nous jugeons que l'Immaculée Vierge Marie, Mère de Diu, a véritablement apparu, le 17 janvier 1871 à Eugène Barbedette, Joseph Barbedette, Françoise Richer et Jeanne-Marie Lebossé, dans le hameau de Pontmain.»</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27%C3%A9loquente+apparition+de+Notre-Dame+de+La+Salette&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E18-%3C%2Fspan%3E19&rft.pub=FeniXX+r%C3%A9%C3%A9dition+num%C3%A9rique&rft.date=1943&rft.isbn=9782402275736&rft.aulast=Hostachy&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaHV6DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLindsey2001" class="citation book cs1">Lindsey, David Michael (January 31, 2001). The Woman and the Dragon: Apparitions of Mary. Pelican Publishing. p. 103. <q>The apparition of Mary at Pontmain was authenticated by the local bishop on February 2, 1872.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Woman+and+the+Dragon%3A+Apparitions+of+Mary&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing&rft.date=2001-01-31&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=David+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2017/10/18/our-lady-of-gietrzwald-polands-only-approved-marian-appearance/">"Our Lady of Gietrzwald: Poland's only approved Marian appearance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. October 18, 2017. <q>On September 1, 1977 ... Bishop Józef Drzazga of Warmia solemnly recognized the veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gietrzwałd. He issued a decree validating the credibility of the apparitions and proclaiming them as in compliance with Christian faith and morality.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+Gietrzwald%3A+Poland%27s+only+approved+Marian+appearance&rft.date=2017-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2017%2F10%2F18%2Four-lady-of-gietrzwald-polands-only-approved-marian-appearance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDabrowski2013" class="citation journal cs1">Dabrowski, P.M. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/polishreview.58.3.0035">"Multiple visions, multiple viewpoints: apparitions in a Polish-German borderland, 1877–1880"</a>. The Polish Review. 58 (3): 35–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5406%2Fpolishreview.58.3.0035">10.5406/polishreview.58.3.0035</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/polishreview.58.3.0035">10.5406/polishreview.58.3.0035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Polish+Review&rft.atitle=Multiple+visions%2C+multiple+viewpoints%3A+apparitions+in+a+Polish-German+borderland%2C+1877%E2%80%931880&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E35-%3C%2Fspan%3E64&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5406%2Fpolishreview.58.3.0035&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.5406%2Fpolishreview.58.3.0035%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Dabrowski&rft.aufirst=P.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.5406%2Fpolishreview.58.3.0035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2017/10/18/our-lady-of-gietrzwald-polands-only-approved-marian-appearance/">"Our Lady of Gietrzwald: Poland's only approved Marian appearance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. October 18, 2017. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aleteia&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+Gietrzwald%3A+Poland%27s+only+approved+Marian+appearance&rft.date=2017-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2017%2F10%2F18%2Four-lady-of-gietrzwald-polands-only-approved-marian-appearance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apostolichrist.com/post/nossa-senhora-das-l%C3%A1grimas">"Nossa Senhora das Lágrimas"</a> [Our Lady of Tears]. Apostoli Christi (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 2, 2023. <q>On March 8, 1931, Monsignor Dom Francisco de Campos Barreto, Bishop of Campinas, recognized the veracity of the phenomena... He declared that they were of supernatural origin, as recorded in the diocese's Livro do Tombo.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apostoli+Christi&rft.atitle=Nossa+Senhora+das+L%C3%A1grimas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apostolichrist.com%2Fpost%2Fnossa-senhora-das-l%25C3%25A1grimas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/approved_apparitions/campinas/index.html">"Nossa Senhora das Lagrimas (Our Lady of the Tears)"</a>. Miracle Hunter. Retrieved April 2, 2023. <q>Devotion to this Rosary was approved by Bishop Francisco Campos Barreto, Bishop of Campinas, who not only allowed the recognition of the events, but he did his utmost to spread everywhere the commemorative medal of Our Lady of Tears, the source of many conversions and graces.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nossa+Senhora+das+Lagrimas+%28Our+Lady+of+the+Tears%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fapproved_apparitions%2Fcampinas%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oespiritosanto.com/aparicao-de-nossa-senhora-das-lagrimas-de-jesus-flagelado">"Aparição de Nossa Senhora das Lágrimas de Jesus Crucificado"</a> [Apparition of Our Lady of Tears of Jesus Crucified.] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 2, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apari%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Nossa+Senhora+das+L%C3%A1grimas+de+Jesus+Crucificado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foespiritosanto.com%2Faparicao-de-nossa-senhora-das-lagrimas-de-jesus-flagelado&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nossasenhoradaslagrimas.com/br/irma-amalia/">"A Irmã Amália de Jesus Flagelado e as origens da Coroa de Nossa Senhora das Lágrimas"</a> [Sister Amália de Jesus Flagelado and the origins of the Crown of Our Lady of Tears] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 2, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Irm%C3%A3+Am%C3%A1lia+de+Jesus+Flagelado+e+as+origens+da+Coroa+de+Nossa+Senhora+das+L%C3%A1grimas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nossasenhoradaslagrimas.com%2Fbr%2Firma-amalia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caminhadadeemaus.com.br/destaque-banner/coroa-das-lagrimas-de-nossa-senhora/">"Uma Devoção guardada por Jesus durante 20 séculos, revelada em 1929 e guardada até agora, no tempo oportuno!"</a> [A Devotion guarded by Jesus for 20 centuries, revealed in 1929 and kept until now, in due time!] (in Portuguese). December 23, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uma+Devo%C3%A7%C3%A3o+guardada+por+Jesus+durante+20+s%C3%A9culos%2C+revelada+em+1929+e+guardada+at%C3%A9+agora%2C+no+tempo+oportuno%21&rft.date=2022-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caminhadadeemaus.com.br%2Fdestaque-banner%2Fcoroa-das-lagrimas-de-nossa-senhora%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharue1949" class="citation web cs1">Charue, André-Marie (July 2, 1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/statements/beauraing_statement.html">"Letter to the Clergy of the Diocese"</a>. Miracle Hunter. Retrieved October 11, 2019. <q>we are able in all serenity and prudence to affirm that the Queen of Heaven appeared to the children of Beauraing during the winter of 1932–1933</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Letter+to+the+Clergy+of+the+Diocese&rft.date=1949-07-02&rft.aulast=Charue&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9-Marie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fstatements%2Fbeauraing_statement.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2016" class="citation news cs1">Armstrong, Patti (August 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncregister.com/blog/armstrong/the-golden-heart-apparition-of-our-lady-of-beauraing">"The "Golden Heart" Apparition of Our Lady of Beauraing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Catholic_Register" title="National Catholic Register">National Catholic Register</a>. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+%22Golden+Heart%22+Apparition+of+Our+Lady+of+Beauraing&rft.date=2016-08-10&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Patti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Farmstrong%2Fthe-golden-heart-apparition-of-our-lady-of-beauraing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharkey1957" class="citation book cs1">Sharkey, Don (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/iwillconvertsinn00shar/page/6/mode/2up?view=theater">"I will convert sinners" : Our Lady's apparitions at Beauraing, 1932–1933</a>. Boston College Libraries. Techny, IL : Divine Word Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22I+will+convert+sinners%22+%3A+Our+Lady%27s+apparitions+at+Beauraing%2C+1932%E2%80%931933&rft.pub=Techny%2C+IL+%3A+Divine+Word+Publications&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Sharkey&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fiwillconvertsinn00shar%2Fpage%2F6%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanctuairedebeauraing.be/recit-des-apparitions/">"Récit des apparitions"</a>. Sanctuaire Notre-Dame de Beauraing (in French). Retrieved September 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sanctuaire+Notre-Dame+de+Beauraing&rft.atitle=R%C3%A9cit+des+apparitions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanctuairedebeauraing.be%2Frecit-des-apparitions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPope_John_Paul_II1999" class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> (July 31, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/letters/1999/documents/hf_jp-ii_let_19990731_banneux.html">"On the 50th Anniversary of the Recognition of the Apparitions of Our Lady at Banneux"</a>. Letter to Bishop Albert Houssiau. <q>Fifty years ago, on 22 August 1949, Bishop Louis-Joseph Kerkhofs, your predecessor in the see of Liège, definitively recognized the reality of the apparitions of Our Lady of the Poor in Banneux.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+50th+Anniversary+of+the+Recognition+of+the+Apparitions+of+Our+Lady+at+Banneux&rft.date=1999-07-31&rft.au=Pope+John+Paul+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fjohn-paul-ii%2Fen%2Fletters%2F1999%2Fdocuments%2Fhf_jp-ii_let_19990731_banneux.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTeahan2011" class="citation news cs1">Teahan, Madeleine (December 7, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catholicherald.co.uk/news/2011/12/07/visionary-who-reported-eight-apparitions-of-mary-dies-aged-90/">"Visionary who reported eight apparitions of Mary dies aged 90"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Herald" title="Catholic Herald">Catholic Herald</a>. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Visionary+who+reported+eight+apparitions+of+Mary+dies+aged+90&rft.date=2011-12-07&rft.aulast=Teahan&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatholicherald.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2011%2F12%2F07%2Fvisionary-who-reported-eight-apparitions-of-mary-dies-aged-90%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/15th-november-1957/7/apparitions-after-beauraing">"Apparitions After Beauraing – from the Catholic Herald Archive"</a>. archive.catholicherald.co.uk. Retrieved November 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.catholicherald.co.uk&rft.atitle=Apparitions+After+Beauraing+%E2%80%93+from+the+Catholic+Herald+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.catholicherald.co.uk%2Farticle%2F15th-november-1957%2F7%2Fapparitions-after-beauraing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLooney2016" class="citation web cs1">Looney, Rev. Edward (March 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catholicexchange.com/marys-message-for-belgium-beauraing-and-banneux">"Mary's Message for Belgium: Beauraing and Banneux"</a>. Catholic Exchange. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mary%27s+Message+for+Belgium%3A+Beauraing+and+Banneux&rft.pub=Catholic+Exchange&rft.date=2016-03-23&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Rev.+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatholicexchange.com%2Fmarys-message-for-belgium-beauraing-and-banneux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://banneux-nd.be/fr/les-apparitions/">"Les apparitions (1933)"</a>. Banneux Notre-Dame (in French). Retrieved November 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Banneux+Notre-Dame&rft.atitle=Les+apparitions+%281933%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbanneux-nd.be%2Ffr%2Fles-apparitions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.diocesedepesqueira.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/CARTA-PASTORAL-DOM-JOSE-LUIZ.pdf">"Carta Pastoral – Dom José Luiz"</a> [Pastoral Letter – Dom Jose Luiz] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Diocese de Pesqueira. 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Folha de Pernambuco. October 13, 2021. <q>The Catholic Church officially accepted yesterday, for the first time, that Sister Adélia, as a child, may have witnessed the apparition of Our Lady in Cimbres... The recognition was recorded in a Pastoral Letter written by the diocesan bishop of Pesqueira, Dom José Luiz Salles...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Igreja+reconhece+poss%C3%ADvel+apari%C3%A7%C3%A3o%2C+e+Irm%C3%A3+Ad%C3%A9lia+pode+se+tornar+a+primeira+santa+pernambucana&rft.date=2021-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.folhape.com.br%2Fnoticias%2Figreja-catolica-reconhece-oficialmente-pela-primeira-vez-que-irma%2F201581%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://curiosamente.diariodepernambuco.com.br/project/80-anos-da-primeira-aparicao-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres-pesqueira/">"O mistério da aparição de Nossa Senhora em Pesqueira"</a> [The mystery of the apparition of Our Lady in Pesqueira] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=O+mist%C3%A9rio+da+apari%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Nossa+Senhora+em+Pesqueira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcuriosamente.diariodepernambuco.com.br%2Fproject%2F80-anos-da-primeira-aparicao-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres-pesqueira%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fratresinunum.com/2016/05/31/38923/">"Atualidade da mensagem de Nossa Senhora das Graças de Cimbres"</a> [Actuality of the message of Our Lady of Graces of Cimbres] (in Portuguese). May 31, 2016. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atualidade+da+mensagem+de+Nossa+Senhora+das+Gra%C3%A7as+de+Cimbres&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffratresinunum.com%2F2016%2F05%2F31%2F38923%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocacaodejesus.com/nossa-senhora/a-virgem-santissima-afirma-que-o-brasil-passara-por-uma-sangrenta-revolucao-promovida-pelo-comunismo/">"A Virgem Santíssima afirma que o Brasil passará por uma sangrenta revolução promovida pelo comunismo!"</a> [The Blessed Virgin claims that Brazil will undergo a bloody revolution promoted by communism!] (in Portuguese). May 3, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Virgem+Sant%C3%ADssima+afirma+que+o+Brasil+passar%C3%A1+por+uma+sangrenta+revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+promovida+pelo+comunismo%21&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvocacaodejesus.com%2Fnossa-senhora%2Fa-virgem-santissima-afirma-que-o-brasil-passara-por-uma-sangrenta-revolucao-promovida-pelo-comunismo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bibliacatolica.com.br/blog/a-virgem-santissima-afirma-que-o-brasil-passara-por-uma-sangrenta-revolucao-promovida-pelo-comunismo/">"A Virgem Santíssima afirma que o Brasil passará por uma sangrenta revolução promovida pelo comunismo!"</a> [The Blessed Virgin claims that Brazil will undergo a bloody revolution promoted by communism!] (in Portuguese). October 17, 2013. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Virgem+Sant%C3%ADssima+afirma+que+o+Brasil+passar%C3%A1+por+uma+sangrenta+revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+promovida+pelo+comunismo%21&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibliacatolica.com.br%2Fblog%2Fa-virgem-santissima-afirma-que-o-brasil-passara-por-uma-sangrenta-revolucao-promovida-pelo-comunismo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://misericordia.com.br/voce-conhece-nossa-senhora-de-cimbres-em-pernambuco/">"Você conhece Nossa Senhora de Cimbres em Pernambuco?"</a> [Do you know Our Lady of Cimbres in Pernambuco?] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Voc%C3%AA+conhece+Nossa+Senhora+de+Cimbres+em+Pernambuco%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmisericordia.com.br%2Fvoce-conhece-nossa-senhora-de-cimbres-em-pernambuco%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://templariodemaria.com/bispo-reconhece-aparicoes-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres/">"Bispo reconhece aparições de Nossa Senhora em Cimbres, que alertou o Brasil contra o Comunismo"</a> [Bishop recognizes apparitions of Our Lady in Cimbres, which warned Brazil against Communism] (in Portuguese). October 16, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bispo+reconhece+apari%C3%A7%C3%B5es+de+Nossa+Senhora+em+Cimbres%2C+que+alertou+o+Brasil+contra+o+Comunismo&rft.date=2021-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftemplariodemaria.com%2Fbispo-reconhece-aparicoes-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arquidioceseolindarecife.org/morre-irma-adelia-religiosa-que-presenciou-a-aparicao-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres/">"Morre irmã Adélia, religiosa que presenciou a aparição de Nossa Senhora em Cimbres"</a> [Died Sister Adélia, religious who witnessed the apparition of Our Lady in Cimbres] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Morre+irm%C3%A3+Ad%C3%A9lia%2C+religiosa+que+presenciou+a+apari%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Nossa+Senhora+em+Cimbres&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arquidioceseolindarecife.org%2Fmorre-irma-adelia-religiosa-que-presenciou-a-aparicao-de-nossa-senhora-em-cimbres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nossasenhoradagraca-brasil.weebly.com/as-videntes.html">"As videntes"</a> [the seers] (in Portuguese). Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+videntes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnossasenhoradagraca-brasil.weebly.com%2Fas-videntes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIto1984" class="citation web cs1">Ito, John Shojiro (April 22, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813223303/http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/resources/akita_apparition.html">"Akita apparition letter"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Marian_Library/International_Marian_Research_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute">The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/resources/akita_apparition.html">the original</a> on August 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Marian+Library%2FInternational+Marian+Research+Institute&rft.atitle=Akita+apparition+letter&rft.date=1984-04-22&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=John+Shojiro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcampus.udayton.edu%2Fmary%2Fresources%2Fakita_apparition.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAta" class="citation web cs1">Ata, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/message-from-our-lady--akita-japan-5167">"A Message From Our Lady – Akita, Japan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Message+From+Our+Lady+%E2%80%93+Akita%2C+Japan&rft.pub=EWTN&rft.aulast=Ata&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fmessage-from-our-lady--akita-japan-5167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2019" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Larry (January 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2019/01/20/our-lady-of-cuapa-these-alleged-apparitions-from-1980-will-remind-you-of-fatima/">"Our Lady of Cuapa: These alleged apparitions from 1980 will remind you of Fatima"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>In 1994, Bishop Robelo gave a diocesan-level approval to the apparitions, saying that they were 'worthy of belief.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+Cuapa%3A+These+alleged+apparitions+from+1980+will+remind+you+of+Fatima&rft.date=2019-01-20&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2019%2F01%2F20%2Four-lady-of-cuapa-these-alleged-apparitions-from-1980-will-remind-you-of-fatima%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWeglian1996" class="citation book cs1">Weglian, Miriam and Stephen (1996). Let Heaven and Earth Unite. Milford, Ohio: Faith Publishing Company. p. 24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Let+Heaven+and+Earth+Unite&rft.place=Milford%2C+Ohio&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Faith+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Weglian&rft.aufirst=Miriam+and+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envio.org.ni/articulo/3184">"Revista Envío – Church-State Relations A Chronology – Part II"</a>. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Revista+Env%C3%ADo+%E2%80%93+Church-State+Relations+A+Chronology+%E2%80%93+Part+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.envio.org.ni%2Farticulo%2F3184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSirias2005" class="citation book cs1">Sirias, Silvio (2005). Bernardo and the Virgin. Northwestern University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810124271" title="Special:BookSources/9780810124271"><bdi>9780810124271</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bernardo+and+the+Virgin&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780810124271&rft.aulast=Sirias&rft.aufirst=Silvio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kibeho_approval-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kibeho_approval_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kibeho_approval_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2001/06/29/0382/01118.html">"Dichiarazione del vescovo di Gikongoro in merito alle apparizioni di Kibeho"</a> [Declaration of the Bishop of Gikongoro on the merits of the Kibeho apparitions] (in French). <a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dichiarazione+del+vescovo+di+Gikongoro+in+merito+alle+apparizioni+di+Kibeho&rft.pub=Holy+See+Press+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fsalastampa%2Fit%2Fbollettino%2Fpubblico%2F2001%2F06%2F29%2F0382%2F01118.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/articles/jubilee-year-to-focus-on-mary-s-message-in-rwanda/">"Jubilee Year to Focus on Mary's Message in Rwanda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zenit_News_Agency" title="Zenit News Agency">Zenit</a>. November 13, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jubilee+Year+to+Focus+on+Mary%27s+Message+in+Rwanda&rft.pub=Zenit&rft.date=2006-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2Farticles%2Fjubilee-year-to-focus-on-mary-s-message-in-rwanda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNkurunziza2019" class="citation news cs1">Nkurunziza, Michel (January 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/kibeho-decry-lack-investments-hospitality-industry">"Kibeho decry lack of investments in the hospitality industry"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Times_(Rwanda)" title="The New Times (Rwanda)">The New Times</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>'We now receive between 500,000 and 600,000 pilgrims every year'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kibeho+decry+lack+of+investments+in+the+hospitality+industry&rft.date=2019-01-26&rft.aulast=Nkurunziza&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newtimes.co.rw%2Fnews%2Fkibeho-decry-lack-investments-hospitality-industry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/33982/a-marian-apparition-has-been-approved-in-argentina-and-its-a-big-deal">"A Marian apparition has been approved in Argentina – and it's a big deal"</a>. June 4, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2019. <q>...the bishops have approved the apparition messages from 1983 to 1990, even though the apparition is continuing today.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Marian+apparition+has+been+approved+in+Argentina+%E2%80%93+and+it%27s+a+big+deal&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F33982%2Fa-marian-apparition-has-been-approved-in-argentina-and-its-a-big-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sannicolas_cna-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sannicolas_cna_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sannicolas_cna_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/33982/a-marian-apparition-has-been-approved-in-argentina-and-its-a-big-deal">"A Marian apparition has been approved in Argentina – and it's a big deal"</a>. June 4, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Marian+apparition+has+been+approved+in+Argentina+%E2%80%93+and+it%27s+a+big+deal&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F33982%2Fa-marian-apparition-has-been-approved-in-argentina-and-its-a-big-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cruxnow.com/global-church/2017/03/bishop-stops-publication-revelations-argentine-medjugorje">"Bishop stops publication of revelations at Argentine Medjugorje"</a>. Crux. March 18, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crux&rft.atitle=Bishop+stops+publication+of+revelations+at+Argentine+Medjugorje&rft.date=2017-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcruxnow.com%2Fglobal-church%2F2017%2F03%2Fbishop-stops-publication-revelations-argentine-medjugorje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/its-official-major-apparitions-of-mary-are-approved">"It's Official: Major Apparitions of Mary Are Approved"</a>. NCR. May 27, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NCR&rft.atitle=It%27s+Official%3A+Major+Apparitions+of+Mary+Are+Approved&rft.date=2016-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fits-official-major-apparitions-of-mary-are-approved&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archbalt.org/metuchen-opens-sainthood-cause-for-venezuelan-mystic-who-died-in-us/">"Metuchen opens sainthood cause for Venezuelan mystic who died in US"</a>. January 19, 2012. Retrieved October 6, 2019. <q>The apparition was deemed valid by Bishop Pio Bello Ricardo of Los Teques, Venezuela, in 1987.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metuchen+opens+sainthood+cause+for+Venezuelan+mystic+who+died+in+US&rft.date=2012-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archbalt.org%2Fmetuchen-opens-sainthood-cause-for-venezuelan-mystic-who-died-in-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPatrizi" class="citation book cs1">Patrizi, Costantino. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1842TheConversionOfM.MarieAlphonseRatisbonneBrusieres/page/n17">"Decree verifying and accrediting the Miraculous Conversion of M. Maria-Alphonse Ratisbonne"</a>. In Lockhart, Rev. W. (ed.). The Conversion of M. Maria-Alphonse Ratisbonne: Original Narrative of Baron Théodore De Bussières. Burns and Oates, Ltd. pp. 18–19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Decree+verifying+and+accrediting+the+Miraculous+Conversion+of+M.+Maria-Alphonse+Ratisbonne&rft.btitle=The+Conversion+of+M.+Maria-Alphonse+Ratisbonne%3A+Original+Narrative+of+Baron+Th%C3%A9odore+De+Bussi%C3%A8res&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E18-%3C%2Fspan%3E19&rft.pub=Burns+and+Oates%2C+Ltd.&rft.aulast=Patrizi&rft.aufirst=Costantino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1842TheConversionOfM.MarieAlphonseRatisbonneBrusieres%2Fpage%2Fn17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pillar_aleteia-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pillar_aleteia_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pillar_aleteia_90-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2017" class="citation web cs1">Peterson, Larry (October 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2017/10/12/did-you-know-the-1st-apparition-of-the-blessed-mother-was-an-act-of-bilocation/">"Did you know the 1st apparition of the Blessed Mother was an act of bilocation?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. Retrieved May 30, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aleteia&rft.atitle=Did+you+know+the+1st+apparition+of+the+Blessed+Mother+was+an+act+of+bilocation%3F&rft.date=2017-10-12&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2017%2F10%2F12%2Fdid-you-know-the-1st-apparition-of-the-blessed-mother-was-an-act-of-bilocation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/nuestra-senora-del-pilar-our-lady-of-the-pillar-622">"Nuestra Senora del Pilar (Our Lady of the Pillar)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. Retrieved May 30, 2019. <q>Unlike every other recorded apparition, this one took place during the earthly life of the Mother of God.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Nuestra+Senora+del+Pilar+%28Our+Lady+of+the+Pillar%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fsaint%2Fnuestra-senora-del-pilar-our-lady-of-the-pillar-622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190424143528/http://www.walsingham.org.uk/a-brief-history">"A Brief History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Walsingham">Basilica of Our Lady of Walsingham</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walsingham.org.uk/a-brief-history">the original</a> on April 24, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2019. <q>In 1897 by rescript of Pope Leo XIII, the sanctuary of Our Lady of Walsingham was restored with the building of a Holy House as the Lady Chapel of the <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Annunciation_Church,_King%27s_Lynn" title="Our Lady of the Annunciation Church, King's Lynn">Catholic Church of the Annunciation</a>, King's Lynn.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Basilica+of+Our+Lady+of+Walsingham&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walsingham.org.uk%2Fa-brief-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2018" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Larry (May 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleteia.org/2018/05/08/englands-only-approved-marian-apparition-gives-us-a-peek-at-nazareth/">"England's only approved Marian apparition gives us a peek at Nazareth"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aleteia" title="Aleteia">Aleteia</a>. Retrieved October 10, 2019. <q>The importance of Our Lady of Walsingham is shown through pontifical approbation (recognition), which has been given to it by four popes: Pope Leo XIII, in 1897; Pope Pius XII, in 1954; Pope St. John Paul II, in 1982; and Pope Francis, in 2015.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=England%27s+only+approved+Marian+apparition+gives+us+a+peek+at+Nazareth&rft.date=2018-05-08&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faleteia.org%2F2018%2F05%2F08%2Fenglands-only-approved-marian-apparition-gives-us-a-peek-at-nazareth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190424153531/https://zenit.org/articles/brown-scapular-a-silent-devotion/">"Brown Scapular: a 'Silent Devotion'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zenit_News_Agency" title="Zenit News Agency">Zenit</a>. July 16, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/articles/brown-scapular-a-silent-devotion/">the original</a> on April 24, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brown+Scapular%3A+a+%27Silent+Devotion%27&rft.date=2008-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2Farticles%2Fbrown-scapular-a-silent-devotion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20020513_vers-direttorio_en.html#Chapter%20Five">"Directory on Popular Piety and the Liturgy: Principles and Guidelines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</a>. December 2001. <q>The history of Marian piety also includes 'devotion' to various scapulars, the most common of which is devotion to the Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel. Its use is truly universal and, undoubtedly, it is one of those pious practices which the Council described as 'recommended by the Magisterium throughout the centuries'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Directory+on+Popular+Piety+and+the+Liturgy%3A+Principles+and+Guidelines&rft.pub=Congregation+for+Divine+Worship+and+the+Discipline+of+the+Sacraments&rft.date=2001-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fcongregations%2Fccdds%2Fdocuments%2Frc_con_ccdds_doc_20020513_vers-direttorio_en.html%23Chapter%2520Five&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPope_John_Paul_II2001" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> (March 25, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/2001/march/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20010326_ordine-carmelo.html">"Message of John Paul II to the Carmelite Family"</a>. <q>I too have worn the Scapular of Carmel over my heart for a long time!</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Message+of+John+Paul+II+to+the+Carmelite+Family&rft.date=2001-03-25&rft.au=Pope+John+Paul+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fw2.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fjohn-paul-ii%2Fen%2Fspeeches%2F2001%2Fmarch%2Fdocuments%2Fhf_jp-ii_spe_20010326_ordine-carmelo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHilgers1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hilgers, Joseph (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13508b.htm">"Scapular"</a>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a>. New York: Robert Appleton Company. <q>The authentic list of indulgences, privileges, and indults of the Scapular Confraternity of Mount Carmel was last approved on 4 July 1908, by the Congregation of Indulgences.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Scapular&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Hilgers&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F13508b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaggi,_O.Carm" class="citation web cs1">Saggi, O.Carm, Louis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613025421/http://carmelnet.org/biographies/SimonStock.pdf">"Simon Stock"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carmelnet.org/biographies/SimonStock.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Simon+Stock&rft.aulast=Saggi%2C+O.Carm&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarmelnet.org%2Fbiographies%2FSimonStock.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-carmel_cn-99">^ <a href="#cite_ref-carmel_cn_99-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-carmel_cn_99-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarroll,_O.Carm" class="citation web cs1">Carroll, O.Carm, Eamon R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic.net/index.php?option=dedestaca&id=3309">"Medieval Devotion to Mary Among the Carmelites"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medieval+Devotion+to+Mary+Among+the+Carmelites&rft.aulast=Carroll%2C+O.Carm&rft.aufirst=Eamon+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Ddedestaca%26id%3D3309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJotischky2002" class="citation book cs1">Jotischky, Andrew (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gfjHzeh6QBEC">The Carmelites and Antiquity. Mendicants and their Pasts in the Middle Ages</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780191542503" title="Special:BookSources/9780191542503"><bdi>9780191542503</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Carmelites+and+Antiquity.+Mendicants+and+their+Pasts+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780191542503&rft.aulast=Jotischky&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgfjHzeh6QBEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2010/08/29/la-madonna-della-guardia-un-culto-deciso.html">"La Madonna della Guardia: Un Culto Deciso a Tavolino"</a> (in Italian). <a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">la Repubblica</a>. August 29, 2010. <q>Nel 1915 il papa genovese Benedetto XV (Giacomo Della Chiesa) dà un notevole appoggio all'affermazione del «nuovo» culto, elevando a «basilica minore» il nuovo santuario</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=La+Madonna+della+Guardia%3A+Un+Culto+Deciso+a+Tavolino&rft.date=2010-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fricerca.repubblica.it%2Frepubblica%2Farchivio%2Frepubblica%2F2010%2F08%2F29%2Fla-madonna-della-guardia-un-culto-deciso.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-velankanni_ct-102">^ <a href="#cite_ref-velankanni_ct_102-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-velankanni_ct_102-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-velankanni_ct_102-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecatholictravelguide.com/destinations/india-catholic-shrines-places-interest/vailankanni-india-basilica-lady-good-health-lourdes-east/">"Vailankanni, India: Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health, "The Lourdes of the East""</a>. The Catholic Traveler. Retrieved October 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+Traveler&rft.atitle=Vailankanni%2C+India%3A+Basilica+of+Our+Lady+of+Good+Health%2C+%22The+Lourdes+of+the+East%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecatholictravelguide.com%2Fdestinations%2Findia-catholic-shrines-places-interest%2Fvailankanni-india-basilica-lady-good-health-lourdes-east%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180601155729/https://zenit.org/articles/envoy-named-for-centenary-of-lithuania-apparitions/">"Envoy Named for Centenary of Lithuania Apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zenit_News_Agency" title="Zenit News Agency">Zenit</a>. August 22, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/articles/envoy-named-for-centenary-of-lithuania-apparitions/">the original</a> on June 1, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2019. <q>Mary appeared in Siluva in 1608 to non-Catholics. Little shepherds saw what they described as a beautiful woman, dressed in white and blue, with a baby in her arms, enveloped in gentle splendor. The Lady wept bitterly and suddenly disappeared. Subsequently, the Virgin, again weeping, appeared to a crowd that had formed at the site where the children indicated. The town's Calvinist pastor was among the group.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Envoy+Named+for+Centenary+of+Lithuania+Apparitions&rft.date=2008-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2Farticles%2Fenvoy-named-for-centenary-of-lithuania-apparitions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBall2004" class="citation book cs1">Ball, Ann (2004). The Other Faces of Mary: Stories, Devotions, and Pictures of the Holy Virgin Around the World. p. 153. <q>Pope Pius VI approved the cult of Our Lady of Siluva and enriched it with indulgences.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+Faces+of+Mary%3A+Stories%2C+Devotions%2C+and+Pictures+of+the+Holy+Virgin+Around+the+World&rft.pages=153&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Ann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lavang_lor-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lavang_lor_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lavang_lor_105-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=481">"The Catholics of Viet Nam Pay Homage to Our Lady of La Vang"</a>. CatholicCulture.org. <a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a>. August 12, 1998. Retrieved October 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CatholicCulture.org&rft.atitle=The+Catholics+of+Viet+Nam+Pay+Homage+to+Our+Lady+of+La+Vang&rft.date=1998-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicculture.org%2Fculture%2Flibrary%2Fview.cfm%3Frecnum%3D481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicsun.org/2018/08/22/feast-of-our-lady-of-la-vang/">"Feast of Our Lady of La Vang"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Catholic_Sun" title="The Catholic Sun">The Catholic Sun</a>. August 22, 2018. <q>Although not formally recognized by the Vatican, Our Lady of La Vang's to the Vietnamese people importance has been widely recognized.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Feast+of+Our+Lady+of+La+Vang&rft.date=2018-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicsun.org%2F2018%2F08%2F22%2Ffeast-of-our-lady-of-la-vang%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Some-80,000-Catholics-visited-La-Vang-shrine-to-celebrate-the-Assumption-of-Mary-(photos)-47805.html">"Some 80,000 Catholics visited La Vang shrine to celebrate the Assumption of Mary"</a>. AsiaNews.it. August 22, 2019. <q>The veneration for Our Lady of La Vang is not limited to Catholics. Buddhists and Protestants also pray to the Virgin Mary for special graces.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Some+80%2C000+Catholics+visited+La+Vang+shrine+to+celebrate+the+Assumption+of+Mary&rft.date=2019-08-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asianews.it%2Fnews-en%2FSome-80%2C000-Catholics-visited-La-Vang-shrine-to-celebrate-the-Assumption-of-Mary-%28photos%29-47805.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBall2003" class="citation book cs1">Ball, Ann (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HCBLswEACAAJ">Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices</a>. <a href="/wiki/Huntington,_Indiana" title="Huntington, Indiana">Huntington, Indiana</a>: <a href="/wiki/Our_Sunday_Visitor" title="Our Sunday Visitor">Our Sunday Visitor</a>. p. 515. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879739102" title="Special:BookSources/9780879739102"><bdi>9780879739102</bdi></a>. <q>The Confraternity of Our Lady of Pellevoisin was established, and Pope Leo XIII gave approbation both to the confraternity and to the scapular.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Catholic+Devotions+and+Practices&rft.place=Huntington%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=515&rft.pub=Our+Sunday+Visitor&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780879739102&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHCBLswEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCruz2012" class="citation book cs1">Cruz, Joan Carroll (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OirGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT205">See How She Loves Us: 50 Approved Apparitions of Our Lady</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>: <a href="/wiki/TAN_Books" title="TAN Books">TAN Books</a>. pp. 205–211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780895558039" title="Special:BookSources/9780895558039"><bdi>9780895558039</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=See+How+She+Loves+Us%3A+50+Approved+Apparitions+of+Our+Lady&rft.place=Charlotte%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E205-%3C%2Fspan%3E211&rft.pub=TAN+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780895558039&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Joan+Carroll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOirGCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/p/pellevoisin-apparitions.php">"All About Mary: Pellevoisin Apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Marian_Library/International_Marian_Research_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute">The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413181236/https://www.udayton.edu/imri/mary/p/pellevoisin-apparitions.php">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Marian+Library%2FInternational+Marian+Research+Institute&rft.atitle=All+About+Mary%3A+Pellevoisin+Apparitions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fudayton.edu%2Fimri%2Fmary%2Fp%2Fpellevoisin-apparitions.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardinalkungfoundation.org/pm/PMourladyofchina.php">"Our Lady of China"</a>. Cardinal Kung Foundation. Retrieved August 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cardinal+Kung+Foundation&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardinalkungfoundation.org%2Fpm%2FPMourladyofchina.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAradi" class="citation web cs1">Aradi, Zsolt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?id=3172">"Our Lady of China"</a>. Catholic Culture. Retrieved August 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+Culture&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+China&rft.aulast=Aradi&rft.aufirst=Zsolt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicculture.org%2Fculture%2Flibrary%2Fview.cfm%3Fid%3D3172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-soffner-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-soffner_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-soffner_113-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSoffner2002" class="citation web cs1">Soffner, Raphael (May 3, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190604162910/http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/Haarlem3.jpg">"Letter from the Office of Public Affairs of the Diocese of Haarlem-Amsterdam"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/Haarlem3.jpg">the original</a> on June 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letter+from+the+Office+of+Public+Affairs+of+the+Diocese+of+Haarlem-Amsterdam&rft.date=2002-05-03&rft.aulast=Soffner&rft.aufirst=Raphael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fexpert%2Fanswers%2FHaarlem3.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hendricks-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hendricks_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hendricks_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHendriks2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hendriks" title="Johannes Hendriks">Hendriks, Johannes</a> (December 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bisdomhaarlem-amsterdam.nl/?p=news&id=4486&t=Verduidelijking+ten+aanzien+van+de+Vrouwe+van+alle+Volkeren">"Clarification by the Bishop of Haarlem-Amsterdam regarding the Lady of All Nations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clarification+by+the+Bishop+of+Haarlem-Amsterdam+regarding+the+Lady+of+All+Nations&rft.date=2020-12-30&rft.aulast=Hendriks&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bisdomhaarlem-amsterdam.nl%2F%3Fp%3Dnews%26id%3D4486%26t%3DVerduidelijking%2Bten%2Baanzien%2Bvan%2Bde%2BVrouwe%2Bvan%2Balle%2BVolkeren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hendricks_cna-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hendricks_cna_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hendricks_cna_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/47024/vaticans-doctrinal-office-dont-promote-alleged-apparitions-connected-to-lady-of-all-nations">"Vatican's doctrinal office: Don't promote alleged apparitions connected to 'Lady of All Nations'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. January 4, 2021. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Vatican%27s+doctrinal+office%3A+Don%27t+promote+alleged+apparitions+connected+to+%27Lady+of+All+Nations%27&rft.date=2021-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F47024%2Fvaticans-doctrinal-office-dont-promote-alleged-apparitions-connected-to-lady-of-all-nations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.de-vrouwe.info/en/1945-1959/117-botschaft-1951">"35th Message"</a>. The Lady of All Nations. August 15, 1951.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Lady+of+All+Nations&rft.atitle=35th+Message&rft.date=1951-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.de-vrouwe.info%2Fen%2F1945-1959%2F117-botschaft-1951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19740525_signora-amsterdam_en.html">"Notification regarding the alleged apparitions and revelations of Our Lady of All Nations in Amsterdam"</a>. May 25, 1974. <q>On 7 May 1956, the Bishop of the Diocese of Haarlem (Netherlands) ... declared that he 'found no evidence of the supernatural nature of the apparitions'. ... [T]he Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith confirms by the present notification the judgment already expressed by the competent ecclesiastical authority</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notification+regarding+the+alleged+apparitions+and+revelations+of+Our+Lady+of+All+Nations+in+Amsterdam&rft.date=1974-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fcongregations%2Fcfaith%2Fdocuments%2Frc_con_cfaith_doc_19740525_signora-amsterdam_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecatholictravelguide.com/destinations/france/llle-bouchard-france-apparitions-lady-prayer/">"L'lle-Bouchard, France: Apparitions of Our Lady of Prayer"</a>. The Catholic Travel Guide. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>The site was declared an official pilgrimage site of the diocese of Tours on 8 December 2001 by the archbishop Monseigneur André Vingt-Trois. ... The apparitions themselves, however, still await approval</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+Travel+Guide&rft.atitle=L%27lle-Bouchard%2C+France%3A+Apparitions+of+Our+Lady+of+Prayer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecatholictravelguide.com%2Fdestinations%2Ffrance%2Fllle-bouchard-france-apparitions-lady-prayer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/indre-et-loire/commune/l-ile-bouchard/chinon-disparition-d-une-des-fillettes-qui-declaraient-avoir-vu-la-sainte-vierge">"Chinon: disparition d'une des fillettes qui déclaraient avoir vu la Sainte Vierge"</a> [Chinon: Death of one of the girls who claimed to see the Virgin Mary] (in French). <a href="/wiki/La_Nouvelle_R%C3%A9publique_du_Centre-Ouest" title="La Nouvelle République du Centre-Ouest">La Nouvelle République du Centre-Ouest</a>. March 17, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>[les] apparitions ... n'ont été officiellement reconnues par l'église qu'en 2001, quand Mgr André Vingt-Trois, alors archevêque de Tours, autorisait officiellement les pèlerinages et le culte public à Notre-Dame-de-la-Prière</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chinon%3A+disparition+d%27une+des+fillettes+qui+d%C3%A9claraient+avoir+vu+la+Sainte+Vierge&rft.date=2016-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanouvellerepublique.fr%2Findre-et-loire%2Fcommune%2Fl-ile-bouchard%2Fchinon-disparition-d-une-des-fillettes-qui-declaraient-avoir-vu-la-sainte-vierge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diocesi.brescia.it/wd-document/istituzione-santuario-diocesano-rosa-mistica-madre-della-chiesa/">"Istituzione Santuario Diocesano Rosa Mistica – Madre della Chiesa"</a> [Institution of the Rosa Mystica Diocesan Shrine – Mother of the Church] (in Italian). December 7, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2023. <q>Comforted by the support of the Holy See and in full communion with the Supreme Pontiff Francis, we have the joy of dedicating this sanctuary to the Mother of the Lord, recognizing in her the full truth that these two suggestive qualifications express.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Istituzione+Santuario+Diocesano+Rosa+Mistica+%E2%80%93+Madre+della+Chiesa&rft.date=2019-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.diocesi.brescia.it%2Fwd-document%2Fistituzione-santuario-diocesano-rosa-mistica-madre-della-chiesa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diocesi.brescia.it/wd-annuario-enti/14-zona-della-bassa-orientale-del-chiese-2061/montichiari-parrocchia-di-s-maria-assunta-289/santuario-diocesano-maria-rosa-mistica-madre-della-chiesa-8174/">"SANTUARIO DIOCESANO MARIA ROSA MISTICA MADRE DELLA CHIESA"</a> [DIOCESAN SANCTUARY OF MARY MYSTICAL ROSE MOTHER OF THE CHURCH] (in Italian). <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Brescia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Brescia">Roman Catholic Diocese of Brescia</a>. December 7, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SANTUARIO+DIOCESANO+MARIA+ROSA+MISTICA+MADRE+DELLA+CHIESA&rft.date=2019-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.diocesi.brescia.it%2Fwd-annuario-enti%2F14-zona-della-bassa-orientale-del-chiese-2061%2Fmontichiari-parrocchia-di-s-maria-assunta-289%2Fsantuario-diocesano-maria-rosa-mistica-madre-della-chiesa-8174%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rosamisticafontanelle.it/en/home-en/">"Diocesan Shrine Rosa Mystica – Mother of the Church"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Diocesan+Shrine+Rosa+Mystica+%E2%80%93+Mother+of+the+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rosamisticafontanelle.it%2Fen%2Fhome-en%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPanettiere2024" class="citation news cs1">Panettiere, Giovanni (September 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quotidiano.net/cronaca/medjugorje-sentenza-apparizioni-madonna-ab3r3wvl">"Medjugorje, la sentenza del Vaticano: sì a culto e pellegrinaggi. Ma sull'autenticità delle apparizioni nessuna conferma"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Quotidiano_Nazionale" class="mw-redirect" title="Quotidiano Nazionale">Quotidiano Nazionale</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Medjugorje%2C+la+sentenza+del+Vaticano%3A+s%C3%AC+a+culto+e+pellegrinaggi.+Ma+sull%27autenticit%C3%A0+delle+apparizioni+nessuna+conferma&rft.date=2024-09-19&rft.aulast=Panettiere&rft.aufirst=Giovanni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.quotidiano.net%2Fcronaca%2Fmedjugorje-sentenza-apparizioni-madonna-ab3r3wvl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGaspari" class="citation web cs1">Gaspari, Antonio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/medjugorje-deception-or-miracle-5427">"Medjugorje Deception or Miracle?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>. 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New York Times, December 22, 2002. </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> Patrice O'Shaughnessy, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx/faithful-65-years-italian-boy-joseph-vitolo-witnesses-miracle-night-article-1.199052">Still faithful 65 years after Italian boy Joseph Vitolo witnesses miracle night.</a>" New York Daily News, February 22, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.modernluxury.com/article/Something+About+Mary/1193412/0/article.html">Something About Mary</a>. Modern Luxury, October 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> Joseph Sciorra, Built with Faith: Italian-American Imagination and Catholic Material Culture in New York City (Univ. of Tennessee Press, 2015), p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGreevy2000" class="citation journal cs1">McGreevy, John T. (2000). "Bronx Miracle". 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Detroit Catholic. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Syrian+mystic+to+speak+at+two+area+Melkite+churches&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.aulast=Meloy&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdetroitcatholic.com%2Fnews%2Fdaniel-meloy%2Fsyrian-mystic-to-speak-at-two-area-melkite-churches&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeenan1994" class="citation news cs1">Keenan, Brigid (August 11, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/myrna-and-the-oil-an-everyday-miracle-how-does-a-woman-become-a-modern-saint-in-damascus-brigid-1382838.html">"Myrna and the oil: an everyday miracle: How does a woman become a modern saint?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Myrna+and+the+oil%3A+an+everyday+miracle%3A+How+does+a+woman+become+a+modern+saint%3F&rft.date=1994-08-11&rft.aulast=Keenan&rft.aufirst=Brigid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fmyrna-and-the-oil-an-everyday-miracle-how-does-a-woman-become-a-modern-saint-in-damascus-brigid-1382838.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-garabandal_ewtn-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-garabandal_ewtn_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-garabandal_ewtn_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVilaplana_Blasco" class="citation web cs1">Vilaplana Blasco, José. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/alleged-apparitions-at-garabandal-3719">"The Alleged Apparitions at Garabandal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EWTN&rft.atitle=The+Alleged+Apparitions+at+Garabandal&rft.aulast=Vilaplana+Blasco&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Falleged-apparitions-at-garabandal-3719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.garabandal.it/en/documentation/statements-from-the-bishops-of-santander">"Statements from the Bishops of Santander"</a>. garabandal.it. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=garabandal.it&rft.atitle=Statements+from+the+Bishops+of+Santander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.garabandal.it%2Fen%2Fdocumentation%2Fstatements-from-the-bishops-of-santander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-oloa_nonconstat-138">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oloa_nonconstat_138-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oloa_nonconstat_138-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRhoades2020" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Rhoades, Bishop Kevin C. (May 7, 2020). "Statement Regarding the Devotion to Our Lady of America" (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Fort_Wayne%E2%80%93South_Bend" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend">Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend</a>. <q>Bishop Rhoades came to the conclusion that 'the visions and revelations themselves cannot be said to be of supernatural origin in the sense of objective occurrences (non constat de supernaturalitate); thus further, I cannot approve or support public devotion or cult.' The bishops of the other five dioceses have read and also accept these findings and conclusions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+Regarding+the+Devotion+to+Our+Lady+of+America&rft.pub=Roman+Catholic+Diocese+of+Fort+Wayne%E2%80%93South+Bend&rft.date=2020-05-07&rft.aulast=Rhoades&rft.aufirst=Bishop+Kevin+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurke2007" class="citation web cs1">Burke, Archbishop Raymond (May 31, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/regarding-our-lady-of-america-3661">"Regarding Our Lady of America"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>Sister Mary Ephrem responded that Our Lady of Guadalupe is Empress of all the Americas, whereas "Our Lady of America, The Immaculate Virgin," is the patroness of our nation, the United States of America.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regarding+Our+Lady+of+America&rft.pub=EWTN&rft.date=2007-05-31&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=Archbishop+Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fregarding-our-lady-of-america-3661&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurke2007" class="citation web cs1">Burke, Archbishop Raymond (May 31, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/regarding-our-lady-of-america-3661">"Regarding Our Lady of America"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EWTN" title="EWTN">EWTN</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>What can be concluded canonically is that the devotion was both approved by Archbishop Leibold and, what is more, was actively promoted by him. In addition, over the years, other Bishops have approved the devotion and have participated in public devotion to the Mother of God, under the title of Our Lady of America.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regarding+Our+Lady+of+America&rft.pub=EWTN&rft.date=2007-05-31&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=Archbishop+Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fregarding-our-lady-of-america-3661&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarrow2016" class="citation news cs1">Farrow, Mary (December 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/34064/the-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions">"The curious case of the Lipa Marian apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+curious+case+of+the+Lipa+Marian+apparitions&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F34064%2Fthe-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarrow2016" class="citation news cs1">Farrow, Mary (December 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/34064/the-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions">"The curious case of the Lipa Marian apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>'This is completely historic that the archbishop flipped over a Vatican confirmation of a previous judgement, and historic that the Vatican has come back over and flipped back a statement of the local bishops; those two things have never happened before'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+curious+case+of+the+Lipa+Marian+apparitions&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F34064%2Fthe-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarrow2016" class="citation news cs1">Farrow, Mary (December 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/34064/the-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions">"The curious case of the Lipa Marian apparitions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a>. Retrieved October 8, 2019. <q>'I believe it to be the singular case in history where you have a negative judgement, but the devotion is allowed'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+curious+case+of+the+Lipa+Marian+apparitions&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F34064%2Fthe-curious-case-of-the-lipa-marian-apparitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeitun-eg.org/zeitoun1.htm">"The Official Statement from the Papal Residence in Cairo on the Apparition of Saint Mary in the Zeitoun Virgin Mary Coptic Orthodox Church in Cairo, Egypt"</a>. May 4, 1968.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Official+Statement+from+the+Papal+Residence+in+Cairo+on+the+Apparition+of+Saint+Mary+in+the+Zeitoun+Virgin+Mary+Coptic+Orthodox+Church+in+Cairo%2C+Egypt&rft.date=1968-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeitun-eg.org%2Fzeitoun1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> "Thousands of Egyptians lined up outside the church until the small hours of the morning, hoping to catch a glimpse of the Virgin. Men and women who had lost sons, husbands and fathers during the war sought solace in the apparition, Miraculous cures were reported." Marsot, Afaf Lutfi al-Sayyid, and Afaf Lutfi al-Sayyid. A short history of modern Egypt. Cambridge University Press, 1985, 126. </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/statements/assiut_01.html">"Declaration of the Coptic Priests in Assiut Concerning the Marian Apparitions at St. Mark Church"</a>. Miracle Hunter. October 13, 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miracle+Hunter&rft.atitle=Declaration+of+the+Coptic+Priests+in+Assiut+Concerning+the+Marian+Apparitions+at+St.+Mark+Church&rft.date=2001-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miraclehunter.com%2Fmarian_apparitions%2Fstatements%2Fassiut_01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeitun-eg.org/assiut.htm">"August 2000: Our Lady Appears in Assiut, Upper Egypt"</a>. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=August+2000%3A+Our+Lady+Appears+in+Assiut%2C+Upper+Egypt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeitun-eg.org%2Fassiut.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/862081.stm">"Apparitions in Assiut"</a>. September 5, 2000. Retrieved September 8, 2016 – via BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apparitions+in+Assiut&rft.date=2000-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fsouth_asia%2F862081.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeitun-eg.org/assiut2006.htm">"Holy Lights in Assiut, Upper Egypt (March/April 2006)"</a>. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holy+Lights+in+Assiut%2C+Upper+Egypt+%28March%2FApril+2006%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeitun-eg.org%2Fassiut2006.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-warraq_approval-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-warraq_approval_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-warraq_approval_150-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-warraq_approval_150-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTheodosius2009" class="citation web cs1">Theodosius, Anba (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091231012416/http://www.wataninet.com/ArticleDetails.aspx?A=25232">"Statement from Giza Coptic Orthodox Bishopric"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wataninet.com/archive-articles/statement-from-giza-coptic-orthodox-bishopric/9119/">the original</a> on December 31, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+from+Giza+Coptic+Orthodox+Bishopric&rft.date=2009-12&rft.aulast=Theodosius&rft.aufirst=Anba&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wataninet.com%2Farchive-articles%2Fstatement-from-giza-coptic-orthodox-bishopric%2F9119%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Marian+apparitions" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Marian_apparitions&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Marian_apparitions" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Marian apparitions">Marian apparitions</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190924070345/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/11/151113-virgin-mary-sightings-map/">National Geographic: 500 Years of Virgin Mary Sightings in One Map</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mary,_mother_of_Jesus312" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Virgin_Mary" title="Template:Virgin Mary"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Virgin_Mary" title="Template talk:Virgin Mary"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Virgin_Mary" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Virgin Mary"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mary,_mother_of_Jesus312" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a> (husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim" title="Joachim">Joachim</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne" title="Saint Anne">Anne</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Jesus" title="Brothers of Jesus">Brothers of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Vierge_en_oraison_(Il_Sassoferrato).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/125px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/188px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/250px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tradition" title="Sacred tradition">Tradition</a>: early life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary" title="Nativity of Mary">Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Mary" title="Presentation of Mary">Presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_of_the_Virgin" title="Marriage of the Virgin">Marriage to Joseph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">Virginal motherhood</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitation_(Christianity)" title="Visitation (Christianity)">Visitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of Jesus at the Temple">Presentation of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">Flight into Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_family_of_Jesus_to_Nazareth" title="Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth">Return to Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finding_in_the_Temple" title="Finding in the Temple">Finding of Jesus in the Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_at_Cana" title="Wedding at Cana">Miracle at the Wedding at Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descent_from_the_Cross" title="Descent from the Cross">Deposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tradition" title="Sacred tradition">Tradition</a>: later life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Our Lady of the Pillar">Bilocation to Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Dormition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary" title="Tomb of the Virgin Mary">Tomb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Virgin" title="Coronation of the Virgin">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queenship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Woman_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Woman of the Apocalypse">Woman of the Apocalypse</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_apocrypha" title="New Testament apocrypha">Apocryphal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_James" title="Gospel of James">Protoevangelium of James</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_meetings_and_documents_on_Mary" title="Ecumenical meetings and documents on Mary">Christian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Marian_theology" title="Anglican Marian theology">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Catholic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Catholic_Mariology" title="History of Catholic Mariology">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popes" title="Mariology of the popes">papal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_views_on_Mary" title="Protestant views on Mary">Protestant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luther%27s_Marian_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Luther's Marian theology">Lutheran</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Islamic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Veneration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Apparitions_**_list_*_Catholic_churches_*_Christmas_*_Devotions_**_month_of_May_*_Feast_days_*_Patronage_*_Shrines_*_Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church471"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Apparitions</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_church_buildings" title="Catholic Marian church buildings">Catholic churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Devotions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_devotions_to_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary">month of May</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_feast_days" title="Marian feast days">Feast days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patronage_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Patronage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrines_to_the_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrines to the Virgin Mary">Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christotokos" title="Christotokos">Christotokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Redemptrix" title="Co-Redemptrix">Coredemptrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Help_of_Christians" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Help of Christians">Help of Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life-giving_Spring" title="Life-giving Spring">Life-giving Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mediatrix_of_all_graces" title="Mediatrix of all graces">of all graces</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Eve" title="New Eve">New Eve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagia" title="Panagia">Panagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Navigators" title="Our Lady of Navigators">Our Lady of Navigators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Our Lady of Sorrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary" title="Our Lady of the Rosary">Our Lady of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady,_Star_of_the_Sea" title="Our Lady, Star of the Sea">Star of the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seat_of_Wisdom" title="Seat of Wisdom">Seat of Wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prayers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_antiphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian antiphons">Antiphons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alma_Redemptoris_Mater" title="Alma Redemptoris Mater">Alma Redemptoris Mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ave_Regina_caelorum" title="Ave Regina caelorum">Ave Regina caelorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salve_Regina" title="Salve Regina">Salve Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_caeli" title="Regina caeli">Regina caeli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Ave Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_prayers" title="Fátima prayers">Fátima prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary" title="Hymns to Mary">Hymns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akathist_to_the_Theotokos" class="mw-redirect" title="Akathist to the Theotokos">Akathist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ave_maris_stella" title="Ave maris stella">Ave maris stella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_litany" title="Marian litany">Litany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Loreto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Grace" title="Mary, Mother of Grace">Maria mater gratiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorare" title="Memorare">Memorare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Hail_Marys" title="Three Hail Marys">Three Hail Marys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Madonna_(art)" title="Madonna (art)">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_the_Virgin_Mary_in_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Assumption of the Virgin Mary in art">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Madonna" title="Black Madonna">Black Madonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Madonna_of_Essen" title="Golden Madonna of Essen">Golden Madonna of Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Virgin" title="The Golden Virgin">The Golden Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0" title="Pietà">Pietà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven_in_Catholic_art" title="Queen of Heaven in Catholic art">Queen of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater_(art)" title="Stabat Mater (art)">Stabat Mater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agiosoritissa" title="Agiosoritissa">Agiosoritissa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Advocata_(Madonna_del_Rosario)" title="Maria Advocata (Madonna del Rosario)">Madonna del Rosario</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_Derzhavnaya" title="Our Lady Derzhavnaya">Derzhavnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusa_icon" title="Eleusa icon">Eleusa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Smolensk" title="Virgin of Smolensk">Theotokos of Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Vladimir" title="Virgin of Vladimir">Theotokos of Vladimir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodegetria" title="Hodegetria">Hodegetria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_the_Virgin" title="Life of the Virgin">Life of the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Luke_painting_the_Virgin" title="Saint Luke painting the Virgin">Saint Luke painting the Virgin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Category:Mary, mother of Jesus">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/20px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/40px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Private_revelation_in_the_Catholic_Church363" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Private_revelation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Private revelation in the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Private_revelation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Private revelation in the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Private_revelation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Private revelation in the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Private_revelation_in_the_Catholic_Church363" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Private_revelation" title="Private revelation">Private revelation</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_of_revelation" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctrine of revelation">Revelations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apparitional_experience" title="Apparitional experience">Apparitional experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Christian mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locution_(paranormal)" title="Locution (paranormal)">Locution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interior_locution" title="Interior locution">interior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_ecstasy" title="Religious ecstasy">Religious ecstasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(spirituality)" title="Vision (spirituality)">Vision (spirituality)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visions_of_Jesus_and_Mary" title="Visions of Jesus and Mary">Visions of Jesus and Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stained glass at Tuam Cathedral, depicting Marguerite Marie Alacoque when she receives a revelation of the Sacred Heart"><img alt="Stained glass at Tuam Cathedral, depicting Marguerite Marie Alacoque when she receives a revelation of the Sacred Heart" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/100px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/150px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/200px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="543" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Miracle#Catholic_Church" title="Miracle">Miracles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Miraculous_events37" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Miraculous events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle_of_Lanciano" title="Eucharistic miracle of Lanciano">Miracle of Lanciano</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourdes_water" title="Lourdes water">Lourdes water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Sun" title="Miracle of the Sun">Miracle of the Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odour_of_sanctity" title="Odour of sanctity">Odour of sanctity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabor_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabor Light">Tabor Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumaturgy" title="Thaumaturgy">Thaumaturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeping_statue" title="Weeping statue">Weeping statue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Extraordinary graces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">Bilocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gift" title="Spiritual gift">Charism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gift_of_miracles" title="Gift of miracles">Gift of miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifts_of_healing" title="Gifts of healing">Gifts of healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaking_in_tongues" title="Speaking in tongues">Glossolalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_tongues" class="mw-redirect" title="Interpretation of tongues">Interpretation of tongues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_Knowledge" title="Word of Knowledge">Word of Knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_wisdom" title="Word of wisdom">Word of wisdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levitation_(paranormal)#Christianity" title="Levitation (paranormal)">Levitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">Stigmata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Discernment_(Christianity)" title="Discernment (Christianity)">Discernment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decree_(Catholic_canon_law)" title="Decree (Catholic canon law)">Documents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Code of canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haurietis_aquas" title="Haurietis aquas">Haurietis aquas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norms_regarding_the_manner_of_proceeding_in_the_discernment_of_presumed_apparitions_or_revelations" title="Norms regarding the manner of proceeding in the discernment of presumed apparitions or revelations">Norms regarding the manner of proceeding in the discernment of presumed apparitions or revelations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribus_circiter" title="Tribus circiter">Tribus circiter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisterium" title="Magisterium">Magisterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_Faith" title="Rule of Faith">Rule of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensus_fidelium" title="Sensus fidelium">Sensus fidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bride_of_Christ" title="Bride of Christ">Bridal theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystical_theology" title="Mystical theology">Mystical theology</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Popular_piety" title="Popular piety">Popular piety</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_reparation" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of reparation">Acts of reparation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Thursdays_Devotion" title="First Thursdays Devotion">First Thursdays Devotion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart of Mary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays Devotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Seven Dolors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrimage" title="Christian pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosary_of_the_Holy_Wounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosary of the Holy Wounds">Rosary of the Holy Wounds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Fridays_Devotion" title="First Fridays Devotion">First Fridays Devotion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Mercy_(Catholic_devotion)" title="Divine Mercy (Catholic devotion)">Divine Mercy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplet_of_the_Divine_Mercy" title="Chaplet of the Divine Mercy">Chaplet of the Divine Mercy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Tears" title="Our Lady of Tears">Our Lady of Tears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Saint Michael</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Saint Michael in the Catholic Church"> in the Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplet_of_Saint_Michael" title="Chaplet of Saint Michael">Chaplet of Saint Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_to_Saint_Michael" title="Prayer to Saint Michael">Prayer to Saint Michael</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devotional_scapular" class="mw-redirect" title="Devotional scapular">Scapular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_shrines" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian shrines">Shrines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_church_buildings" title="Catholic Marian church buildings">Marian shrines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe">Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral-Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar">Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Miraculous_Medal" title="Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal">Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Sanctuary of Fátima">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Champion" title="National Shrine of Our Lady of Champion">Shrine of Our Lady of Champion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Our_Lady_of_Graces_of_Onuva" title="Sanctuary of Our Lady of Graces of Onuva">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Graces of Onuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Hens" title="Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens">Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Rosary_of_Pompei" title="Shrine of the Virgin of the Rosary of Pompei">Shrine of the Virgin of the Rosary of Pompei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary_of_San_Nicol%C3%A1s" title="Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás">Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apparitions_approved_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Apparitions approved by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Apparitions_approved_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Apparitions approved by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Apparitions_approved_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Apparitions approved by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Apparitions_approved_by_the_Catholic_Church404" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Apparitional_experience" title="Apparitional experience">Apparitions</a> approved by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparitions</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Papal inscription of an associated feast on the General Roman Calendar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Jesus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Mercy_(Catholic_devotion)" title="Divine Mercy (Catholic devotion)">Divine Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Mary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Our Lady of Lourdes">Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Our Lady of Fátima">Fátima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Divinemercy1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting representing Saint Faustina Kowalska's vision of the rays coming from the heart of the Merciful Jesus"><img alt="Painting representing Saint Faustina Kowalska's vision of the rays coming from the heart of the Merciful Jesus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Divinemercy1.jpg/125px-Divinemercy1.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Divinemercy1.jpg/188px-Divinemercy1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Divinemercy1.jpg/250px-Divinemercy1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="852" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Approval of the apparition and its veneration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Mary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akita" title="Our Lady of Akita">Akita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneux" title="Our Lady of Banneux">Banneux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beauraing" title="Our Lady of Beauraing">Beauraing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Tears" title="Our Lady of Tears">Campinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Champion" title="National Shrine of Our Lady of Champion">Champion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimbres_Marian_apparition" title="Cimbres Marian apparition">Cimbres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Coromoto" title="Our Lady of Coromoto">Coromoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Cuapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Cuapa">Cuapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Gietrzwa%C5%82d" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Gietrzwałd">Gietrzwałd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Health" title="Our Lady of Good Health">Good Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Good_Event" title="Our Lady of the Good Event">Good Event/Success</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Kibeho" title="Our Lady of Kibeho">Kibeho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salette" title="Our Lady of La Salette">La Salette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laus" title="Our Lady of Laus">Laus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmain" title="Our Lady of Pontmain">Pontmain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary_of_San_Nicol%C3%A1s" title="Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás">San Nicolás</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Angels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Monte_Sant%27Angelo" title="Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo">Archangel Michael at Mount Gargano</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Approval of veneration only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mary4" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Mary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_All_Nations" title="The Lady of All Nations">All Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Caravaggio" title="Our Lady of Caravaggio">Caravaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_China" title="Our Lady of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Vang" title="Our Lady of La Vang">La Vang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mediatrix_of_All_Grace" title="Mary, Mediatrix of All Grace">Lipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Medjugorje" title="Our Lady of Medjugorje">Medjugorje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pellevoisin" title="Our Lady of Pellevoisin">Pellevoisin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Our Lady of the Pillar">Pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary" title="Our Lady of the Rosary">Prouille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Mystica" title="Rosa Mystica">Rosa Mystica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_%C5%A0iluva" title="Our Lady of Šiluva">Šiluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Our Lady of Walsingham">Walsingham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li>Legend: * Inscribed in previous editions of the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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