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Lot of the superpowers are dependent on the lubricant resource for their country to function. To see that the lubricants are not adulterated we need to develop some efficient ways and to see which fluid has been added to the lubricant. So to observe the these malpractices in the lubricant we need to develop a method. We take a elastic ball and through it at probability circle in the submerged in the lubricant at a fixed force and see the distance of pitching and the point of fall. Then we the ratio of distance of falling to the distance of pitching and if the measured ratio is greater than one the fluid is less viscous and if the ratio is lesser than the lubricant is viscous. We will check the falling point of pure lubricant at fixed force and every pure lubricant would have a fixed falling point. After that we would adulterate the lubricant and note the falling point and if the falling point is less than the standard value then adulterate is solid and if the adulterate is liquid the falling point will be more than the standard value. Hence the comparison with the standard falling point will give the efficiency of the lubricant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=falling%20point%20of%20lubricant" title="falling point of lubricant">falling point of lubricant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=falling%20point%20ratios" title=" falling point ratios"> falling point ratios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20circle" title=" probability circle"> probability circle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=octane%20number" title=" octane number"> octane number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24149/the-falling-point-of-lubricant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Study and Construction on Signalling System during Reverse Motion Due to Obstacle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Yasir%20Arafat">S. M. Yasir Arafat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Driving models are needed by many researchers to improve traffic safety and to advance autonomous vehicle design. To be most useful, a driving model must state specifically what information is needed and how it is processed. So we developed an “Obstacle Avoidance and Detection Autonomous Car” based on sensor application. The ever increasing technological demands of today call for very complex systems, which in turn require highly sophisticated controllers to ensure that high performance can be achieved and maintained under adverse conditions. Based on a developed model of brakes operation, the controller of braking system operation has been designed. It has a task to enable solution to the problem of the better controlling of braking system operation in a more accurate way then it was the case now a day. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile" title="automobile">automobile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstacle" title=" obstacle"> obstacle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing" title=" sensing"> sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32977/study-and-construction-on-signalling-system-during-reverse-motion-due-to-obstacle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Steady State Analysis of Distribution System with Wind Generation Uncertainity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain">Zakir Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neem%20Sagar"> Neem Sagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeraj%20Gupta"> Neeraj Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the increased penetration of renewable energy resources in the distribution system, the system is no longer passive in nature. In this paper, a steady state analysis of the distribution system has been done with the inclusion of wind generation. The modeling of wind turbine generator system and wind generator has been made to obtain the average active and the reactive power injection into the system. The study has been conducted on a IEEE-33 bus system with two wind generators. The present research work is useful not only to utilities but also to customers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title="distributed generation">distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20network" title=" distribution network"> distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20network" title=" radial network"> radial network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine%20generating%20system" title=" wind turbine generating system"> wind turbine generating system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83863/steady-state-analysis-of-distribution-system-with-wind-generation-uncertainity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Analysis of the Degradation of the I-V Curve of the PV Module in a Harsh Environment: Estimation of the Site-Specific Factor (Installation Area)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maibigue%20Nanglet">Maibigue Nanglet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20Ousman%20B%C3%A9chir"> Arafat Ousman Béchir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahamat%20Hassan%20B%C3%A9chir"> Mahamat Hassan Béchir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economy of Central African countries is growing very fast, and the demand for energy is increasing every day. As a result, insufficient power generation is one of the major problems slowing down development. This paper explores the factors of degradation of the I-V curve of the PV Generator (GPV) in harsh environments, taking the case of two locals: Mongo and Abeche. Its objective is to quantify the voltage leaks due to the different GPV installation areas; after using the Newton-Raphson numerical method of the solar cell, a survey of several experimental measurement points was made. The results of the simulation in MATLAB/Simulink show a relative power loss factor of 11.8765% on the GPVs installed in Mongo and 8.5463% on those installed in Abeche; these results allow us to say that the supports on which the modules are installed have an average impact of 10.2114% on their efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calculation" title="calculation">calculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site" title=" site"> site</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPV" title=" GPV"> GPV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20environment" title=" severe environment"> severe environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188175/analysis-of-the-degradation-of-the-i-v-curve-of-the-pv-module-in-a-harsh-environment-estimation-of-the-site-specific-factor-installation-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Graphene/ZnO/Polymer Nanocomposite Thin Film for Separation of Oil-Water Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suboohi%20Shervani">Suboohi Shervani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingjing%20Ling"> Jingjing Ling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiabin%20Liu"> Jiabin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Husain"> Tahir Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Offshore oil-spill has become the most emerging problem in the world. In the current paper, a graphene/ZnO/polymer nanocomposite thin film is coated on stainless steel mesh via layer by layer deposition method. The structural characterization of materials is determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and separation efficiency have been measured via gas chromatography – flame ionization detector (GC-FID). TPHs are reduced to 2 ppm and separation efficiency of the nanocomposite coated mesh is reached ≥ 99% for the final sample. The nanocomposite coated mesh acts as a promising candidate for the separation of oil- water mixture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill" title="oil spill">oil spill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil-water%20separation" title=" oil-water separation"> oil-water separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112190/grapheneznopolymer-nanocomposite-thin-film-for-separation-of-oil-water-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> 3D Guided Image Filtering to Improve Quality of Short-Time Binned Dynamic PET Images Using MRI Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabassum%20Husain">Tabassum Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen%20Peng%20Li"> Shen Peng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaolin%20Chen"> Zhaolin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper evaluates the usability of 3D Guided Image Filtering to enhance the quality of short-time binned dynamic PET images by using MRI images. Guided image filtering is an edge-preserving filter proposed to enhance 2D images. The 3D filter is applied on 1 and 5-minute binned images. The results are compared with 15-minute binned images and the Gaussian filtering. The guided image filter enhances the quality of dynamic PET images while also preserving important information of the voxels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20PET%20images" title="dynamic PET images">dynamic PET images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20image%20filter" title=" guided image filter"> guided image filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20enhancement" title=" image enhancement"> image enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20preservation%20filtering" title=" information preservation filtering"> information preservation filtering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152864/3d-guided-image-filtering-to-improve-quality-of-short-time-binned-dynamic-pet-images-using-mri-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Field Experience with Sweep Frequency Response Analysis for Power Transformer Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambuj%20Kumar">Ambuj Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Kumar%20Singh"> Sunil Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrikant%20Singh"> Shrikant Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain"> Zakir Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Jarial"> R. K. Jarial</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sweep frequency response analysis has been turning out a powerful tool for investigation of mechanical as well as electrical integration of transformers. In this paper various aspect of practical application of SFRA has been studied. Open circuit and short circuit measurement were done on different phases of high voltage and low voltage winding. A case study was presented for the transformer of rating 31.5 MVA for various frequency ranges. A clear picture was presented for sub- frequency ranges for HV as well as LV winding. The main motive of work is to investigate high voltage short circuit response. The theoretical concept about SFRA responses is validated with expert system software results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer%20winding" title="transformer winding">transformer winding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFRA" title=" SFRA"> SFRA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCT%20%26%20SCT" title=" OCT & SCT"> OCT & SCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20deviation" title=" frequency deviation"> frequency deviation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27973/field-experience-with-sweep-frequency-response-analysis-for-power-transformer-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">964</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> ANFIS Based Technique to Estimate Remnant Life of Power Transformer by Predicting Furan Contents </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyesh%20Kumar%20Pandey">Priyesh Kumar Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain"> Zakir Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Jarial"> R. K. Jarial</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Condition monitoring and diagnostic is important for testing of power transformer in order to estimate the remnant life. Concentration of furan content in transformer oil can be a promising indirect measurement of the aging of transformer insulation. The oil gets contaminated mainly due to ageing. The present paper introduces adaptive neuro fuzzy technique to correlate furanic compounds obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) test and remnant life of the power transformer. The results are obtained by conducting HPLC test at TIFAC-CORE lab, NIT Hamirpur on thirteen power transformer oil samples taken from Himachal State Electricity Board, India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20neuro%20fuzzy%20technique" title="adaptive neuro fuzzy technique">adaptive neuro fuzzy technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furan%20compounds" title=" furan compounds"> furan compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remnant%20life" title=" remnant life"> remnant life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer%20oil" title=" transformer oil"> transformer oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11916/anfis-based-technique-to-estimate-remnant-life-of-power-transformer-by-predicting-furan-contents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Estimation of Harmonics in Three-Phase and Six-Phase-Phase (Multi-Phase) Load Circuits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain">Zakir Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Kumar"> Deepak Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The harmonics are very harmful within an electrical system and can have serious consequences such as reducing the life of apparatus, stress on cable and equipment etc. This paper cites extensive analytical study of harmonic characteristics of multiphase (six-phase) and three-phase system equipped with two and three level inverters for non-linear loads. Multilevel inverter has elevated voltage capability with voltage limited devices, low harmonic distortion, abridged switching losses. Multiphase technology also pays a promising role in harmonic reduction. Matlab simulation is carried out to compare the advantage of multi-phase over three phase systems equipped with two or three level inverters for non-linear load harmonic reduction. The extensive simulation results are presented based on case studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20Fourier%20transform%20%28FFT%29" title="fast Fourier transform (FFT)">fast Fourier transform (FFT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonics" title=" harmonics"> harmonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverter" title=" inverter"> inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ripples" title=" ripples"> ripples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20harmonic%20distortion%20%28THD%29" title=" total harmonic distortion (THD)"> total harmonic distortion (THD)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11824/estimation-of-harmonics-in-three-phase-and-six-phase-phase-multi-phase-load-circuits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Design of Strain Sensor Based on Cascaded Fiber Bragg Grating for Remote Sensing Monitoring Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20A.%20A.%20Shabaneh">Arafat A. A. Shabaneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Harsh environments demand a developed detection of an optical communication system to ensure a high level of security and safety. Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) are emerging sensing instruments that respond to variations in strain and temperature via varying wavelengths. In this paper, cascaded uniform FBG as a strain sensor for 6 km length at 1550 nm wavelength with 30 oC is designed with analyzing of dynamic strain and wavelength shifts. FBG is placed in a small segment of optical fiber, which reflects light of a specific wavelength and passes the remaining wavelengths. This makes a periodic alteration in the refractive index within the fiber core. The alteration in the modal index of fiber produced due to strain consequences in a Bragg wavelength. When the developed sensor exposure to a strain of cascaded uniform FBG by 0.01, the wavelength is shifted to 0.0000144383 μm. The sensing accuracy of the developed sensor is 0.0012. Simulation results show reliable and eﬀective strain monitoring sensors for remote sensing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cascaded%20fiber%20Bragg%20gratings" title="Cascaded fiber Bragg gratings">Cascaded fiber Bragg gratings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strain%20sensor" title="Strain sensor">Strain sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remote%20sensing" title="Remote sensing">Remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wavelength%20shift" title="Wavelength shift">Wavelength shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140522/design-of-strain-sensor-based-on-cascaded-fiber-bragg-grating-for-remote-sensing-monitoring-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Biodiversity of Pathogenic and Toxigenic Fungi Associated with Maize Grains Sampled across Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Shabana">Yasser Shabana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ghoneem"> Khaled Ghoneem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nehal%20Arafat"> Nehal Arafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younes%20Rashad"> Younes Rashad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20Aseel"> Dalia Aseel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20Fitt"> Bruce Fitt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiming%20Qi"> Aiming Qi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamine%20Richard"> Benjamine Richard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Providing food for more than 100 million people is one of Egypt's main challenges facing development. The overall goal is to formulate strategies to enhance food security in light of population growth. Two hundred samples of maize grains from 25 governates were collected. For the detection of seed-borne fungi, the deep-freezing blotter method (DFB) and washing method (ISTA 1999) were used. A total of 41 fungal species was recovered from maize seed samples. Weather data from 30 stations scattered all over Egypt and covering the major maize growing areas were obtained. Canonical correspondence analysis of data for the obtained fungal genera with temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, or solar radiation revealed that relative humidity, temperature and wind speed were the most influential weather variables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title=" maize"> maize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed-borne%20fungi" title=" seed-borne fungi"> seed-borne fungi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144500/biodiversity-of-pathogenic-and-toxigenic-fungi-associated-with-maize-grains-sampled-across-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Optimum Tuning Capacitors for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles Considering Variation in Coil Distances</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Abdullah%20Arafat">Muhammad Abdullah Arafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahrin%20Nowrose"> Nahrin Nowrose</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless charging of electric vehicles is becoming more and more attractive as large amount of power can now be transferred to a reasonable distance using magnetic resonance coupling method. However, proper tuning of the compensation network is required to achieve maximum power transmission. Due to the variation of coil distance from the nominal value as a result of change in tire condition, change in weight or uneven road condition, the tuning of the compensation network has become challenging. In this paper, a tuning method has been described to determine the optimum values of the compensation network in order to maximize the average output power. The simulation results show that 5.2 percent increase in average output power is obtained for 10 percent variation in coupling coefficient using the optimum values without the need of additional space and electro-mechanical components. The proposed method is applicable to both static and dynamic charging of electric vehicles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20coefficient" title="coupling coefficient">coupling coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicles" title=" electric vehicles"> electric vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20coupling" title=" magnetic resonance coupling"> magnetic resonance coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuning%20capacitor" title=" tuning capacitor"> tuning capacitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20power%20transfer" title=" wireless power transfer"> wireless power transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149064/optimum-tuning-capacitors-for-wireless-charging-of-electric-vehicles-considering-variation-in-coil-distances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Analysis of Brushless DC Motor with Trapezoidal Back EMF Using Matlab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Ahmed%20Husain">Taha Ahmed Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dynamic characteristics such as speed and torque as well as voltages and currents of pwm brushless DC motor inverter are analyzed with a MATLAB model. The contribution of external load torque and friction torque is monitored. The switching function technique is adopted for the current control of the embedded three phase inverter that drives the brushless DC motor.In switching functions the power conversions circuits can be modeled according to their functions rather than circuit topologies. Therefore, it can achieve simplification of the overall power conversion functions. The trapezoidal type (back emf) is used in the model as ithas lower switching loss compared with sinusoidal type (back emf). Results show reliable time analysis for speed, torque, phase and line voltages and currents and the effect of current commutation is clearly observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLDC%20motor" title="BLDC motor">BLDC motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brushless%20dc%20motors" title=" brushless dc motors"> brushless dc motors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pwm%20inverter" title=" pwm inverter"> pwm inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20motor%20control" title=" DC motor control"> DC motor control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapezoidal%20back%20emf" title=" trapezoidal back emf"> trapezoidal back emf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ripple%20torque%20in%20brushless%20DC%20motor" title=" ripple torque in brushless DC motor"> ripple torque in brushless DC motor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22803/analysis-of-brushless-dc-motor-with-trapezoidal-back-emf-using-matlab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Optimal Closed-loop Input Shaping Control Scheme for a 3D Gantry Crane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Javad%20Maghsoudi">Mohammad Javad Maghsoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Mohamed"> Z. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Husain"> A. R. Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Input shaping has been utilized for vibration reduction of many oscillatory systems. This paper presents an optimal closed-loop input shaping scheme for control of a three dimensional (3D) gantry crane system including. This includes a PID controller and Zero Vibration shaper which consider two control objectives concurrently. The control objectives are minimum sway of a payload and fast and accurate positioning of a trolley. A complete mathematical model of a lab-scaled 3D gantry crane is simulated in Simulink. Moreover, by utilizing PSO algorithm and a proposed scheme the controller is designed to cater both control objectives concurrently. Simulation studies on a 3D gantry crane show that the proposed optimal controller has an acceptable performance. The controller provides good position response with satisfactory payload sway in both rail and trolley responses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20gantry%20crane" title="3D gantry crane">3D gantry crane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20shaping" title=" input shaping"> input shaping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed-loop%20control" title=" closed-loop control"> closed-loop control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20scheme" title=" optimal scheme"> optimal scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID" title=" PID"> PID</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17219/optimal-closed-loop-input-shaping-control-scheme-for-a-3d-gantry-crane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Transformer Design Optimization Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain">Zakir Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Main objective of a power transformer design optimization problem requires minimizing the total overall cost and/or mass of the winding and core material by satisfying all possible constraints obligatory by the standards and transformer user requirement. The constraints include appropriate limits on winding fill factor, temperature rise, efficiency, no-load current and voltage regulation. The design optimizations tasks are a constrained minimum cost and/or mass solution by optimally setting the parameters, geometry and require magnetic properties of the transformer. In this paper, present the above design problems have been formulated by using genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) on the MATLAB platform. The importance of the presented approach is stems for two main features. First, proposed technique provides reliable and efficient solution for the problem of design optimization with several variables. Second, it guaranteed to obtained solution is global optimum. This paper includes a demonstration of the application of the genetic programming GP technique to transformer design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title="optimization">optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20transformer" title=" power transformer"> power transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm%20%28GA%29" title=" genetic algorithm (GA)"> genetic algorithm (GA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulated%20annealing%20technique%20%28SA%29" title=" simulated annealing technique (SA)"> simulated annealing technique (SA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5141/transformer-design-optimization-using-artificial-intelligence-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">593</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> CAM Use and Its Association with Quality of Life in a Sample of Lebanese Breast Cancer Patients: A Cross Sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Naja">Farah Naja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romy%20Abi%20Fadel"> Romy Abi Fadel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20Aridi"> Yasmin Aridi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aya%20Zarif"> Aya Zarif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dania%20Hariri"> Dania Hariri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Alameddine"> Mohammad Alameddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20Mugharbel"> Anas Mugharbel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maya%20Khalil"> Maya Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeina%20Nahleh"> Zeina Nahleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20Tfayli"> Arafat Tfayli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of CAM use among breast cancer patients in Beirut, Lebanon. A secondary objective is to evaluate the association between CAM use and quality of life (QOL). A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 180 breast cancer patients recruited from two major referral centers in Beirut. In a face to face interview, participants completed a questionnaire comprised of three sections: socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, breast cancer condition, and CAM use. The assessment of QOL was carried using the FACT-B Arabic version. Prevalence of CAM use since diagnosis was 40%. CAM use was negatively associated with age, treatment at a philanthropic hospital and positively associated with having an advanced stage of disease. The most commonly used CAM was ‘Special food’ followed by ‘Herbal teas’. Only 4% of CAM users cited health care professionals as influencing their choice of CAM. One in four patients disclosed CAM use to their treating physician. There was no significant association between CAM use and QOL. The use of CAM therapies among breast cancer patients is prevalent in Lebanon. Efforts should be dedicated at educating physicians to discuss CAM use with their patients and advising patients to disclose of their use with their physicians. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer ">breast cancer </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementary%20medicine" title=" complementary medicine"> complementary medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20medicine" title=" alternative medicine"> alternative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lebanon" title=" lebanon "> lebanon </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life "> quality of life </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23690/cam-use-and-its-association-with-quality-of-life-in-a-sample-of-lebanese-breast-cancer-patients-a-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Prevalence and Determinants of the Use of CAM and Its Association with Quality of Life in a Sample of Lebanese Breast Cancer Patients: A Cross Sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Naja">Farah Naja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romy%20Abi%20Fadel"> Romy Abi Fadel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20Aridi"> Yasmin Aridi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aya%20Zarif"> Aya Zarif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dania%20Hariri"> Dania Hariri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Alameddine"> Mohammad Alameddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20Mugharbel"> Anas Mugharbel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maya%20Khalil"> Maya Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeina%20Nahleh"> Zeina Nahleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20Tfayli"> Arafat Tfayli </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of CAM use among breast cancer patients in Beirut, Lebanon. A secondary objective is to evaluate the association between CAM use and quality of life (QOL). A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 180 breast cancer patients recruited from two major referral centers in Beirut. In a face to face interview, participants completed a questionnaire comprised of three sections: socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, breast cancer condition, and CAM use. The assessment of QOL was carried using the FACT-B Arabic version. Prevalence of CAM use since diagnosis was 40%. CAM use was negatively associated with age, treatment at a philanthropic hospital and positively associated with having an advanced stage of disease. The most commonly used CAM was ‘Special food’ followed by ‘Herbal teas’. Only 4% of CAM users cited health care professionals as influencing their choice of CAM. One in four patients disclosed CAM use to their treating physician. There was no significant association between CAM use and QOL. The use of CAM therapies among breast cancer patients is prevalent in Lebanon. Efforts should be dedicated at educating physicians to discuss CAM use with their patients and advising patients to disclose of their use with their physicians. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementary%20and%20aLternative%20medicine" title=" complementary and aLternative medicine"> complementary and aLternative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lebanon" title=" Lebanon"> Lebanon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23692/prevalence-and-determinants-of-the-use-of-cam-and-its-association-with-quality-of-life-in-a-sample-of-lebanese-breast-cancer-patients-a-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Current Status of Ir-192 Brachytherapy in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Safiqul%20Islam">M. Safiqul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Arafat%20Hossain%20Sarkar"> Md Arafat Hossain Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brachytherapy is one of the most important cancer treatment management systems in radiotherapy department. Brachytherapy treatment is moved into High Dose Rate (HDR) after loader from Low Dose Rate (LDR) after loader due to radiation protection advantage. HDR Brachytherapy is a highly multipurpose system for enhancing cure and achieving palliation in many common cancers disease of developing countries. High-dose rate (HDR) Brachytherapy is a type of internal radiation therapy that delivers radiation from implants placed close to or inside, the tumor(s) in the body. This procedure is very effective at providing localized radiation to the tumor site while minimizing the patient’s whole body dose. Brachytherapy has proven to be a highly successful treatment for cancers of the prostate, cervix, endometrium, breast, skin, bronchus, esophagus, and head and neck, as well as soft tissue sarcomas and several other types of cancer. For the time being in our country we have 10 new HDR Remote after loading Brachytherapy. Right now 4 HDR Brachytherapy is already installed and running for patient’s treatment out of 10 HDR Brachytherapy. Ir-192 source is more comfortable than Co-60. In that case people or expert personnel prefer Ir-192 source for different kind of cancer patients. Ir-192 are economically, more flexible and familiar in our country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ir-192" title="Ir-192">Ir-192</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brachytherapy" title=" brachytherapy"> brachytherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20treatment" title=" cancer treatment"> cancer treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate" title=" prostate"> prostate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervix" title=" cervix"> cervix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrium" title=" endometrium"> endometrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast" title=" breast"> breast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin" title=" skin"> skin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronchus" title=" bronchus"> bronchus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophagus" title=" esophagus"> esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20tissue%20sarcomas" title=" soft tissue sarcomas"> soft tissue sarcomas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36743/current-status-of-ir-192-brachytherapy-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Distance Learning in Vocational Mass Communication Courses during COVID-19 in Kuwait: A Media Richness Perspective of Students’ Perceptions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husain%20A.%20Murad">Husain A. Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20A.%20Dashti"> Ali A. Dashti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al-Kandari"> Ali Al-Kandari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The outbreak of Coronavirus during the Spring semester of 2020 brought new challenges for the teaching of vocational mass communication courses at universities in Kuwait. Using the Media Richness Theory (MRT), this study examines the response of 252 university students on mass communication programs. A questionnaire regarding their perceptions and preferences concerning modes of instruction on vocational courses online, focusing on the four factors of MRT: immediacy of feedback, capacity to include personal focus, conveyance of multiple cues, and variety of language. The outcomes show that immediacy of feedback predicted all criterion variables: suitability of distance learning (DL) for teaching vocational courses, sentiments of students toward DL, perceptions of easiness of evaluation of DL coursework, and the possibility of retaking DL courses. Capacity to include personal focus was another positive predictor of the criterion variables. It predicted students’ sentiments toward DL and the possibility of retaking DL courses. The outcomes are discussed in relation to implications for using DL, as well as constructing an agenda for DL research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20learning" title="distance learning">distance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20richness%20theory" title=" media richness theory"> media richness theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20learning" title=" traditional learning"> traditional learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20media%20courses" title=" vocational media courses"> vocational media courses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172636/distance-learning-in-vocational-mass-communication-courses-during-covid-19-in-kuwait-a-media-richness-perspective-of-students-perceptions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Students’ Perceptions of Formative Assessment Feedback: A Case Study for Undergraduate Students in Bahrain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Husain%20Ali%20Abdulnabi">Hasan Husain Ali Abdulnabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Formative assessment feedback is increasingly practiced in higher education. Instructors allocate great time and effort to provide assessment feedback. However, educators are not sure about students’ perceptions, understanding and respond to the feedback given, as very limited research have been done about what students do with feedback and whether if they understand it. This study aims to explore students’ conceptions and perceptions of formative assessment feedback through questionnaire and focus group interviews. One hundred eighty undergraduate students doing different courses filled the questionnaire, and ten focus group discussions were conducted. Basic descriptive and content analyses were used to analyze students’ responses to the questionnaire, while grounded theory with open coding was used to analyze the focus group interviews. The study revealed that most students believe assessment feedback is helpful to improve their academic performance, and they take time to read, think and discuss their feedback. Also, the study shows most students understand the feedback given. However, students expressed that most of the written feedback given are too general, and they prefer individual oral feedback as it can lead to better understanding on how what and where to improve. The study concluded that students believe formative assessment feedback is valuable, students have reasonable understanding and respond to the feedback provided. However, this practice could be improved by requesting lecturers to make more specific feedback and communicate with students on the way of interpreting and using assessment feedback as a part of the learning and teaching process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback" title=" feedback"> feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formative" title=" formative"> formative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduate" title=" undergraduate"> undergraduate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164926/students-perceptions-of-formative-assessment-feedback-a-case-study-for-undergraduate-students-in-bahrain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Identification of Membrane Foulants in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for the Treatment of Reject Brine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shefaa%20Mansour">Shefaa Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Arafat"> Hassan Arafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shadi%20Hasan"> Shadi Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Management of reverse osmosis (RO) brine has become a major area of research due to the environmental concerns associated with it. This study worked on studying the feasibility of the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system in the treatment of this RO brine. The system displayed great potential in terms of its flux and salt rejection, where different operating conditions such as the feed temperature, feed salinity, feed and permeate flow rates were varied. The highest flux of 16.7 LMH was reported with a salt rejection of 99.5%. Although the DCMD has displayed potential of enhanced water recovery from highly saline solutions, one of the major drawbacks associated with the operation is the fouling of the membranes which impairs the system performance. An operational run of 77 hours for the treatment of RO brine of 56,500 ppm salinity was performed in order to investigate the impact of fouling of the membrane on the overall operation of the system over long time operations. Over this time period, the flux was observed to have reduced by four times its initial flux. The fouled membrane was characterized through different techniques for the identification of the organic and inorganic foulants that have deposited on the membrane surface. The Infrared Spectroscopy method (IR) was used to identify the organic foulants where SEM images displayed the surface characteristics of the membrane. As for the inorganic foulants, they were identified using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ion Chromatography (IC) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The major foulants found on the surface of the membrane were inorganic salts such as sodium chloride and calcium sulfate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brine%20treatment" title="brine treatment">brine treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20distillation" title=" membrane distillation"> membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fouling" title=" fouling"> fouling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68675/identification-of-membrane-foulants-in-direct-contact-membrane-distillation-for-the-treatment-of-reject-brine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Role of Nano Gelatin and Hydrogel Based Scaffolds in Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husain%20S.%20Yawer">Husain S. Yawer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasim%20Raja%20Panwar"> Vasim Raja Panwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Priya"> Nidhi Priya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the role of nano-gelatin and Bioengineered Scaffolds on the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Tooth decay and early fall have each been one of the most prevailing dental disorders which cause physical and emotional suffering and compromise the patient's quality of life. The design of novel scaffolding materials will be based on mimicking the architecture of natural dental extracellular matrix which may provide as in vivo environments for proper cell growth. This methodology will involve the combination of nano-fibred gelatin as well as biodegradable hydrogel based tooth scaffold. We have measured and optimized the Dental Pulp Stem Cells growth profile in cultures carried out on collagen-coated plastic surface, however, for tissue regeneration study, we aim to develop an enhanced microenvironment for stem cell growth and dental tissue regeneration. We believe biomimetic cell adhesion and scaffolds might provide a near in vivo growth environment for proper growth and differentiation of human DPSCs, which further help in dentin/pulp tissue regeneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-gelatin" title="nano-gelatin">nano-gelatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cells" title=" stem cells"> stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20pulp" title=" dental pulp"> dental pulp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title=" scaffold"> scaffold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49373/role-of-nano-gelatin-and-hydrogel-based-scaffolds-in-odontogenic-differentiation-of-human-dental-pulp-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Studies on Interaction between Anionic Polymer Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose with Cationic Gemini Surfactants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kamil">M. Kamil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahber%20Husain%20Khan"> Rahber Husain Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the Interaction of anionic polymer, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), with cationic gemini surfactants 2,2[(oxybis(ethane-1,2-diyl))bis(oxy)]bis(N-hexadecyl1-N,N-[di(E2)/tri(E3)]methyl1-2-oxoethanaminium)chloride (16-E2-16 and 16-E3-16) and conventional surfactant (CTAC) in aqueous solutions have been studied by surface tension measurement of binary mixtures (0.0- 0.5 wt% NaCMC and 1 mM gemini surfactant/10 mM CTAC solution). Surface tension measurements were used to determine critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The maximum surface excess concentration (Ґmax) at the air-water interface was evaluated by the Gibbs adsorption equation. The minimum area per surfactant molecule was evaluated, which indicates the surfactant-polymer Interaction in a mixed system. The effect of changing surfactant chain length on CAC and CMC values of mixed polymer-surfactant systems was examined. From the results, it was found that the gemini surfactant interacts strongly with NaCMC as compared to its corresponding monomeric counterpart CTAC. In these systems, electrostatic interactions predominate. The lowering of surface tension with an increase in the concentration of surfactants is higher in the case of gemini surfactants almost 10-15 times. The measurements indicated that the Interaction between NaCMC-CTAC resulted in complex formation. The volume of coacervate increases with an increase in CTAC concentration; however, above 0.1 wt. % concentration coacervate vanishes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anionic%20polymer" title="anionic polymer">anionic polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemni%20surfactants" title=" gemni surfactants"> gemni surfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensiometer" title=" tensiometer"> tensiometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMC" title=" CMC"> CMC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163366/studies-on-interaction-between-anionic-polymer-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-with-cationic-gemini-surfactants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Environmental Online Campaigns Through Website Interactivity: The Case of Malaysia Environmental NGOs (MENGO)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Fadzil%20Mohd%20Idris">Mohd Fadzil Mohd Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aida%20Nasirah%20Abdullah"> Aida Nasirah Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalthom%20Husain"> Kalthom Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanipah%20Hussin"> Hanipah Hussin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Online campaigns reflect all the advantages; namely speed, low cost, accessibility, customization, interactivity, and persuasive ability over other media channels. Normally via websites, expensive campaigns could be done not only faster and cheaper, but also successfully. Web interactivity seems to be highly beneficial to ENGOs in advocating environmental campaigns and trigger interaction. This paper looks into the environmental online campaigns through websites of the environmental NGOs in Malaysia (MENGO); particularly on how is web interactivity structured and employed by the selected the MENGO to conduct campaigns on important issues and encourage dialogue among the audience. In this study, a quantitative method for website content analysis was conducted to investigate the availability of the coded units and to determine on which level(s) the units were placed. Twelve (12) interactivity features were coded, including the placement of units of analysis for interactivity category as units of analysis until the fourth level (Level 0-Level 3). The result demonstrates how the MENGO do not effectively structure and employ the web interactivity to conduct campaigns on important issues and encourage dialogue among the audience. It is suggested that the MENGO should redevelop the interactive website in order to effectively advocate environmental campaigns on important issues and encourage dialogue among the audience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20NGOs%20%28ENGO%29" title="environmental NGOs (ENGO)">environmental NGOs (ENGO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia%20environmental%20NGOs%20%28MENGO%29" title=" Malaysia environmental NGOs (MENGO)"> Malaysia environmental NGOs (MENGO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=website" title=" website"> website</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20campaigns" title=" online campaigns"> online campaigns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20interactivity" title=" web interactivity"> web interactivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4446/environmental-online-campaigns-through-website-interactivity-the-case-of-malaysia-environmental-ngos-mengo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Implementation of the Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) in an Urgent Care Center in Saudi Arabia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Arafat">Abdullah Arafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al-Farhan"> Ali Al-Farhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Omair"> Amir Omair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: To review and assess the effectiveness of the implemented modified five-levels triage and acuity scale triage system in AL-Yarmook Urgent Care Center (UCC), King Abdulaziz Residential city, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Method: The applied study design was an observational cross sectional design. A data collection sheet was designed and distributed to triage nurses; the data collection was done during triage process and was directly observed by the co-investigator. Triage system was reviewed by measuring three time intervals as quality indicators: time before triage (TBT), time before being seen by physician (TBP) and total length of stay (TLS) taking in consideration timing of presentation and level of triage. Results: During the study period, a total of 187 patients were included in our study. 118 visits were at weekdays and 68 visits at weekends. Overall, 173 patients (92.5%) were seen by the physician in timely manner according to triage guidelines while 14 patients (7.5%) were not seen at appropriate time.Overall, The mean time before seen the triage nurse (TBT) was 5.36 minutes, the mean time to be seen by physician (TBP) was 22.6 minutes and the mean length of stay (TLS) was 59 minutes. The data didn’t showed significant increase in TBT, TBP, and number of patients not seen at the proper time, referral rate and admission rate during weekend. Conclusion: The CTAS is adaptable to countries beyond Canada and worked properly. The applied CTAS triage system in Al-Yarmook UCC is considered to be effective and well applied. Overall, urgent cases have been seen by physician in timely manner according to triage system and there was no delay in the management of urgent cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CTAS" title="CTAS">CTAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency" title=" emergency"> emergency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triage" title=" triage"> triage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urgent%20care" title=" urgent care"> urgent care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34094/implementation-of-the-canadian-emergency-department-triage-and-acuity-scale-ctas-in-an-urgent-care-center-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Comparative Evaluation of Pharmacologically Guided Approaches (PGA) to Determine Maximum Recommended Starting Dose (MRSD) of Monoclonal Antibodies for First Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibraheem%20Husain">Ibraheem Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abul%20Kalam%20Najmi"> Abul Kalam Najmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karishma%20Chester"> Karishma Chester</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> First-in-human (FIH) studies are a critical step in clinical development of any molecule that has shown therapeutic promise in preclinical evaluations, since preclinical research and safety studies into clinical development is a crucial step for successful development of monoclonal antibodies for guidance in pharmaceutical industry for the treatment of human diseases. Therefore, comparison between USFDA and nine pharmacologically guided approaches (PGA) (simple allometry, maximum life span potential, brain weight, rule of exponent (ROE), two species methods and one species methods) were made to determine maximum recommended starting dose (MRSD) for first in human clinical trials using four drugs namely Denosumab, Bevacizumab, Anakinra and Omalizumab. In our study, the predicted pharmacokinetic (pk) parameters and the estimated first-in-human dose of antibodies were compared with the observed human values. The study indicated that the clearance and volume of distribution of antibodies can be predicted with reasonable accuracy in human and a good estimate of first human dose can be obtained from the predicted human clearance and volume of distribution. A pictorial method evaluation chart was also developed based on fold errors for simultaneous evaluation of various methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20pharmacology%20%28CPH%29" title="clinical pharmacology (CPH)">clinical pharmacology (CPH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20research%20%28CRE%29" title=" clinical research (CRE)"> clinical research (CRE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20trials%20%28CTR%29" title=" clinical trials (CTR)"> clinical trials (CTR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20recommended%20starting%20dose%20%28MRSD%29" title=" maximum recommended starting dose (MRSD)"> maximum recommended starting dose (MRSD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clearance%20and%20volume%20of%20distribution" title=" clearance and volume of distribution"> clearance and volume of distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3490/comparative-evaluation-of-pharmacologically-guided-approaches-pga-to-determine-maximum-recommended-starting-dose-mrsd-of-monoclonal-antibodies-for-first-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Design, Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Some Coumarin and Flavone Derivatives Containing 1,4 Dioxane Ring System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Husain">Asif Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Alam%20Khan"> Shah Alam Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coumarins and flavones are oxygen containing heterocyclic compounds which are present in various biologically active compounds. Both the heterocyclic rings are associated with diverse biological actions, therefore considered as an important scaffold for the design of molecules of pharmaceutical interest. Aim: To synthesize and evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of few coumrain and flavone derivatives containing 1,4 dioxane ring system. Materials and methods: Coumarin derivatives (3a-d) were synthesized by reacting 7,8 dihydroxy coumarin (2a) and its 4-methyl derivative (2b) with epichlorohydrin/ethylene dibromide. The flavone derivatives (10a-d) were prepared by using quercetin and 3,4 dihydroxy flavones. Compounds of both the series were also evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and ulcerogenicity in animal models by reported methods. Results and Discussion: The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed with the help of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral studies. Elemental analyses data for each element analyzed (C, H, N) was found to be within acceptable range of ±0.4 %. Flavone derivatives, but in particular quercetin containing 1,4 dioxane ring system (10d) showed better anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity along with reduced gastrointestinal toxicity as compared to other synthesized compounds. The results of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of both the series are comparable with the positive control, diclofenac. Conclusion: Compound 10d, a quercetin derivative, emerged as a lead molecule which exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity with significant reduced gastric toxicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analgesic" title="analgesic">analgesic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title=" anti-inflammatory"> anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1" title=" 1"> 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4%20dioxane" title="4 dioxane">4 dioxane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coumarin" title=" coumarin"> coumarin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavone" title=" flavone"> flavone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52757/design-synthesis-and-anti-inflammatory-activity-of-some-coumarin-and-flavone-derivatives-containing-14-dioxane-ring-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Pattern of Refractive Error, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Eye Health among the Primary School Children in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husain%20Rajib">Husain Rajib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Kishor"> K. S. Kishor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20G.%20Jewel"> D. G. Jewel </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Uncorrected refractive error is a common cause of preventable visual impairment in pediatric age group which can be lead to blindness but early detection of visual impairment can reduce the problem that will have good effective in education and more involve in social activities. Glasses are the cheapest and commonest form of correction of refractive errors. To achieve this, patient must exhibit good compliance to spectacle wear. Patient’s attitude and perception of glasses and eye health could affect compliance. Material and method: A Prospective community based cross sectional study was designed in order to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices about refractive errors and eye health amongst the primary school going children. Result: Among 140 respondents, 72 were males and 68 were females. We found 50 children were myopic and out of them 26 were male and 24 were female, 27 children were hyperopic and out of them 14 were male and 13 were female. About 63 children were astigmatic and out of them 32 were male and 31 were female. The level of knowledge, attitude was satisfactory. The attitude of the students, teachers and parents was cooperative which helps to do cycloplegic refraction. Practice was not satisfactory due to social stigma and information gap. Conclusion: Knowledge of refractive error and acceptance of glasses for the correction of uncorrected refractive error. Public awareness program such as vision screening program, eye camp, and teachers training program are more beneficial for wearing and prescribing spectacle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20error" title="refractive error">refractive error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stigma" title=" stigma"> stigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37712/pattern-of-refractive-error-knowledge-attitude-and-practice-about-eye-health-among-the-primary-school-children-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> High Catalytic Activity and Stability of Ginger Peroxidase Immobilized on Amino Functionalized Silica Coated Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite: A Promising Tool for Bioremediation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misha%20Ali">Misha Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qayyum%20Husain"> Qayyum Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nida%20Alam"> Nida Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20%20Ahmad"> Masood Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improving the activity and stability of the enzyme is an important aspect in bioremediation processes. Immobilization of enzyme is an efficient approach to amend the properties of biocatalyst required during wastewater treatment. The present study was done to immobilize partially purified ginger peroxidase on amino functionalized silica coated titanium dioxide nanocomposite. Interestingly there was an enhancement in enzyme activity after immobilization on nanosupport which was evident from effectiveness factor (η) value of 1.76. Immobilized enzyme was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Immobilized peroxidase exhibited higher activity in a broad range of pH and temperature as compared to free enzyme. Also, the thermostability of peroxidase was strikingly improved upon immobilization. After six repeated uses, the immobilized peroxidase retained around 62% of its dye decolorization activity. There was a 4 fold increase in Vmax of immobilized peroxidase as compared to free enzyme. Circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrated conformational changes in the secondary structure of enzyme, a possible reason for the enhanced enzyme activity after immobilization. Immobilized peroxidase was highly efficient in the removal of acid yellow 42 dye in a stirred batch process. Our study shows that this bio-remediating system has remarkable potential for treatment of aromatic pollutants present in wastewater. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20yellow%2042" title="acid yellow 42">acid yellow 42</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decolorization" title=" decolorization"> decolorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ginger%20peroxidase" title=" ginger peroxidase"> ginger peroxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization" title=" immobilization"> immobilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57680/high-catalytic-activity-and-stability-of-ginger-peroxidase-immobilized-on-amino-functionalized-silica-coated-titanium-dioxide-nanocomposite-a-promising-tool-for-bioremediation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Screening and Evaluation of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Wheat/Faba Bean for Increasing Productivity and Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20Arafat">Yasir Arafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Shah"> Asma Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Shao"> Hua Shao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Aims: Legume/cereal intercropping is used worldwide for enhancement in biomass and yield of cereal crops. However, because of intercropping, the belowground biological and chemical interactions and their effect on physiological parameters and yield of crops are limited. Methods: Wheat faba bean (WF) intercropping was designed to understand the underlying changes in the soil's chemical environment, soil microbial communities, and effect on growth and yield parameters. Experimental plots were established as having no root partition (NRP), semi-root partition (SRP), complete root partition (CRP), and their sole cropping (CK). Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) were determined by GC-MS, and high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was carried out to screen microbial structure and composition in different root partitions of the WF intercropping system. Results: We show that intercropping induced a shift in the relative abundance of some genera of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Allorhizobium, Neorhizobium, Pararhizobium, and Rhizobium species and resulted in better growth and yield performance of wheat. Moreover, as the plant's distance of wheat from faba beans decreased, the diversity of microbes increased, and a positive effect was observed on physiological traits and crop yield. Furthermore, an abundance and positive correlations of palmitic acid, arachidic acid, stearic acid, and 9-Octadecenoic with PGPR were recorded in the root zone of WF intercropping, which can play an important role in this facilitative mechanism of enhancing growth and yield of cereals. Conclusion: The two treatments clearly affected soil microbial and chemical composition, which can be reflected in growth and yield enhancement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercropping" title="intercropping">intercropping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20community" title=" microbial community"> microbial community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LMWOAs" title=" LMWOAs"> LMWOAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PGPR" title=" PGPR"> PGPR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20chemical%20environment" title=" soil chemical environment"> soil chemical environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179034/screening-and-evaluation-of-plant-growth-promoting-rhizobacteria-of-wheatfaba-bean-for-increasing-productivity-and-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20Husain&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arafat%20Husain&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About 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