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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Max Planck Institute for Physics<br /><div class="nickname" lang="German">Max-Planck-Institut für Physik</div></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics (1917–1946)</li><li>Max Planck Institute for Physics (1946–1958)</li><li>Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics (1958–1991)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1917<span class="noprint">; 107 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1917-10-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Research type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Basic research</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Field of research</div></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">astrophysics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Particle_physics" title="Particle physics">particle physics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plasma_physics" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasma physics">plasma physics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Director_(business)" title="Director (business)">Director</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Giulia_Zanderighi" title="Giulia Zanderighi">Giulia Zanderighi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Employment" title="Employment">Staff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">330</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Address</th><td class="infobox-data label">Boltzmannstr. 8</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Garching" title="Garching">Garching bei München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, Germany<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics&params=48_15_45_N_11_40_16_E_region:DE-BY_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°15′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°40′16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.26250°N 11.67111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.26250; 11.67111</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Operating agency</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society">Max Planck Society</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mpp.mpg.de/">www<wbr />.mpp<wbr />.mpg<wbr />.de</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Max Planck Institute for Physics</b> (MPP) is a research institute located in <a href="/wiki/Garching" title="Garching">Garching</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany. It specializes in <a href="/wiki/High_energy_physics" class="mw-redirect" title="High energy physics">high energy physics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Astroparticle_physics" title="Astroparticle physics">astroparticle physics</a>. The MPP is part of the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society">Max Planck Society</a> and is also known as the <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a> Institute, after its first director in its current location. </p><p>The founding of the institute traces back to 1914, as an idea from <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emil_Warburg" title="Emil Warburg">Emil Warburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rubens" title="Heinrich Rubens">Heinrich Rubens</a>. On October 1, 1917, the institute was officially founded in Berlin as <i><a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_Institute_for_Physics" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics">Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Physik</a></i> (KWIP, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics) with <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> as the first head director.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIP-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1922, <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Max von Laue</a> succeeded Einstein as managing director. Einstein gave up his position as a director of the institute in April 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIP-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Institute took part in the <a href="/wiki/German_nuclear_weapon_project" class="mw-redirect" title="German nuclear weapon project">German nuclear weapon project</a> from 1939 to 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIP-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1942, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a> took over as managing director.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIP-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year after the end of fighting in Europe in World War II, the institute was moved to <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Göttingen">Göttingen</a> and renamed the Max Planck Institute for Physics, with Heisenberg continuing as managing director. In 1946, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karl_Wirtz" title="Karl Wirtz">Karl Wirtz</a> joined the faculty as the directors for theoretical and experimental physics, respectively.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1955 the institute made the decision to move to Munich, and soon after began construction of its current building, designed by <a href="/wiki/Sep_Ruf" title="Sep Ruf">Sep Ruf</a>. The institute moved into its current location on September 1, 1958, and took on the new name the Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics, still with Heisenberg as the managing director. In 1991, the institute was split into the Max Planck Institute for Physics, the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Astrophysics" title="Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics">Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Extraterrestrial_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics">Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three departments with multiple research groups: </p> <ul><li>Structure of matter <ul><li>Innovative calculation methods in particle physics (<a href="/wiki/Giulia_Zanderighi" title="Giulia Zanderighi">Giulia Zanderighi</a>)</li> <li>Quantum field theory and scattering amplitudes (Johannes Henn)</li> <li>String theory (<a href="/wiki/Dieter_L%C3%BCst" title="Dieter Lüst">Dieter Lüst</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATLAS_experiment" title="ATLAS experiment">ATLAS detector</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sigfried_Bethke" title="Sigfried Bethke">Siegfried Bethke</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_II_experiment" title="Belle II experiment">Belle II experiment</a> (Hans-Günther Moser)</li> <li>Gravitational theory (Angnis Schmidt-May)</li></ul></li> <li>New technologies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AWAKE" title="AWAKE">AWAKE</a> – Plasma Wakefield Acceleration (Patric Muggli)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Linear_Collider" title="International Linear Collider">ILC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compact_Linear_Collider" title="Compact Linear Collider">CLIC</a>: Linear Colliders (Frank Simon)</li></ul></li> <li>Astroparticle physics <ul><li>Particle physics and cosmology (<a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dvali" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgi Dvali">Georgi Dvali</a>)</li> <li>Theoretical astroparticle physics (Georg G. Raffelt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryogenic_Observatory_for_Signatures_Seen_in_Next-Generation_Underground_Searches" title="Cryogenic Observatory for Signatures Seen in Next-Generation Underground Searches">COSINUS experiment</a> (Karoline Schäffner)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryogenic_Rare_Event_Search_with_Superconducting_Thermometers" title="Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers">CRESST experiment</a> (Federica Petricca)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanium_Detector_Array" title="Germanium Detector Array">GERDA</a> and LEGEND: the nature of the neutrino (<a href="/wiki/Allen_Caldwell" title="Allen Caldwell">Allen Caldwell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KATRIN" title="KATRIN">KATRIN</a> and <a href="/wiki/KEKB_(accelerator)" title="KEKB (accelerator)">TRISTAN</a>: Neutrinos and dark matter (Susanne Mertens)</li> <li>MADMAX experiment: searching for axion dark matter (Béla Majorovits)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAGIC_(telescope)" title="MAGIC (telescope)">MAGIC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cherenkov_Telescope_Array" title="Cherenkov Telescope Array">CTA</a>: Gamma ray telescopes (Masahiro Teshima)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_and_former_directors">Current and former directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Current and former directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current directorial board of the institute is </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Caldwell" title="Allen Caldwell">Allen Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgi_Dvali" title="Giorgi Dvali">Giorgi Dvali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Henn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Henn (page does not exist)">Johannes Henn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marumi_Kado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marumi Kado (page does not exist)">Marumi Kado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_L%C3%BCst" title="Dieter Lüst">Dieter Lüst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masahiro_Teshima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masahiro Teshima (page does not exist)">Masahiro Teshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulia_Zanderighi" title="Giulia Zanderighi">Giulia Zanderighi</a> (current managing director)</li></ul> <p>Former directors of the institute include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Bethke" class="mw-redirect" title="Siegfried Bethke">Siegfried Bethke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Biermann" title="Ludwig Biermann">Ludwig Biermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Billing" title="Heinz Billing">Heinz Billing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Buschhorn" title="Gerd Buschhorn">Gerd Buschhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_D%C3%BCrr" title="Hans-Peter Dürr">Hans-Peter Dürr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_von_Gierke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard von Gierke (page does not exist)">Gerhard von Gierke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Van_Hove" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Van Hove">Leon Van Hove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Max von Laue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rubens" title="Heinrich Rubens">Heinrich Rubens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Schmitz" title="Norbert Schmitz">Norbert Schmitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Stodolsky" title="Leo Stodolsky">Leo Stodolsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Warburg" title="Emil Warburg">Emil Warburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Wirtz" title="Karl Wirtz">Karl Wirtz</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MPIP-history-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIP-history_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mpp.mpg.de/institut/Geschichte/01_Ubersicht/index.html">Geschichte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150624040347/https://www.mpp.mpg.de/institut/Geschichte/01_Ubersicht/index.html">Archived</a> 2015-06-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" (in German). Max Planck Institute for Physics. Abbreviated version in English: "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mpp.mpg.de/english/institute/instGeschichte/Overview/index.html">History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160123212851/https://www.mpp.mpg.de/english/institute/instGeschichte/Overview/index.html">Archived</a> 2016-01-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Retrieved 2015-08-30.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpp.mpg.de">Homepage of the Max Planck Institute for Physics</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Max_Planck_Society" title="Template:Max Planck Society"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Max_Planck_Society" title="Template talk:Max Planck Society"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Max_Planck_Society" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Max Planck Society"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Max_Planck_Society926" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Max Planck Society</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Max_Planck_Institutes" title="List of Max Planck Institutes"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Institutes</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Evolutionary_Anthropology" title="Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology">Evolutionary Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Social_Anthropology" title="Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology">Social Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Astronomy" title="Max Planck Institute for Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Astrophysics" title="Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Hertziana_%E2%80%93_Max_Planck_Institute_for_Art_History" title="Bibliotheca Hertziana – Max Planck Institute for Art History">Art History (Rome)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunsthistorisches_Institut_in_Florenz" title="Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz">Art History (Florence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Biochemistry" title="Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biogeochemistry" title="Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry">Biogeochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biological_Intelligence" title="Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence">Biological Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biology_of_Ageing" title="Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing">Biology of Ageing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Molecular_Biomedicine" title="Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine">Molecular Biomedicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Biophysics" title="Max Planck Institute of Biophysics">Biophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Brain_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Brain Research">Brain Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Molecular_Cell_Biology_and_Genetics" title="Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics">Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Chemistry" title="Max Planck Institute for Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Human_Cognitive_and_Brain_Sciences" title="Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences">Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Research_on_Collective_Goods" title="Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods">Research on Collective Goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Colloids_and_Interfaces" title="Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces">Colloids and Interfaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Crime,_Security_and_Law" title="Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law">Study of Crime, Security and Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biological_Cybernetics" title="Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics">Biological Cybernetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Demographic_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research">Demographic Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Religious_and_Ethnic_Diversity" title="Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity">Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Dynamics_and_Self-Organization" title="Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization">Dynamics and Self-Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Dynamics_of_Complex_Technical_Systems" title="Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems">Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Chemical_Ecology" title="Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology">Chemical Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Chemical_Energy_Conversion" title="Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion">Chemical Energy Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Evolutionary_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology">Evolutionary Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Florida_Institute_for_Neuroscience" title="Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience">Neuroscience (Florida)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Miescher_Laboratory_of_the_Max_Planck_Society" title="Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society">Friedrich Miescher Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber_Institute_of_the_Max_Planck_Society" title="Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society">Fritz Haber Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Molecular_Genetics" title="Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics">Molecular Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Gravitational_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics">Gravitational Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Heart_and_Lung_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research">Heart and Lung Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_History_of_Science" title="Max Planck Institute for the History of Science">History of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Human_Development" title="Max Planck Institute for Human Development">Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Science_of_Human_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History">Science of Human History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Immunobiology_and_Epigenetics" title="Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics">Immunobiology and Epigenetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Infection_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology">Infection Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Informatics" title="Max Planck Institute for Informatics">Informatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Innovation_and_Competition" title="Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition">Innovation and Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Intelligent_Systems" title="Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems">Intelligent Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Coal_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Coal Research">Coal Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Tax_Law_and_Public_Finance" title="Max Planck Institute for Tax Law and Public Finance">Tax Law and Public Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Comparative_Public_Law_and_International_Law" title="Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law">Comparative Public Law and International Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Comparative_and_International_Private_Law" title="Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law">Comparative and International Private Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max-Planck-Institut_f%C3%BCr_Sozialrecht_und_Sozialpolitik" title="Max-Planck-Institut für Sozialrecht und Sozialpolitik">Social Law and Social Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_European_Legal_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Planck Institute for European Legal History">European Legal History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Mathematics" title="Max Planck Institute for Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Mathematics_in_the_Sciences" title="Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences">Mathematics in the Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Medical Research">Medical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Meteorology" title="Max Planck Institute for Meteorology">Meteorology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Marine_Microbiology" title="Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology">Marine Microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Terrestrial_Microbiology" title="Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology">Terrestrial Microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Microstructure_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics">Microstructure Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Multidisciplinary_Sciences" title="Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences">Multidisciplinary Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Neurobiology_of_Behavior_%E2%80%93_caesar" title="Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior – caesar">Neurobiology of Behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Ornithology" title="Max Planck Institute for Ornithology">Ornithology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Science_of_Light" title="Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light">Science of Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Chemical_Physics_of_Solids" title="Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids">Chemical Physics of Solids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Physics_of_Complex_Systems" title="Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems">Physics of Complex Systems</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Extraterrestrial_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics">Extraterrestrial Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Nuclear_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics">Nuclear Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Molecular_Physiology" title="Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology">Molecular Physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Plant_Breeding_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research">Plant Breeding Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Molecular_Plant_Physiology" title="Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology">Molecular Plant Physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Plasma_Physics" title="Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics">Plasma Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Polymer_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research">Polymer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Psychiatry" title="Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry">Psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Psycholinguistics" title="Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics">Psycholinguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Quantum_Optics" title="Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics">Quantum Optics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Radio_Astronomy" title="Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy">Radio Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Security_and_Privacy" title="Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy">Security and Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Societies" title="Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies">Study of Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Software_Systems" title="Max Planck Institute for Software Systems">Software Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Solar_System_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research">Solar System Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Solid_State_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research">Solid State Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Sustainable_Materials" title="Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials">Sustainable Materials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Associated institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Str%C3%BCngmann_Institute" title="Ernst Strüngmann Institute">Ernst Strüngmann Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Harvard_Research_Center_for_the_Archaeoscience_of_the_Ancient_Mediterranean" title="Max Planck Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean">Max Planck Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">International<br />research schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Evolutionary_Biology" title="International Max Planck Research School for Evolutionary Biology">Evolutionary Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Heart_and_Lung_Research" title="International Max Planck Research School for Heart and Lung Research">Heart and Lung Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Molecular_and_Cellular_Biology" title="International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology">Molecular and Cellular Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Molecular_and_Cellular_Life_Sciences" title="International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences">Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Organismal_Biology" title="International Max Planck Research School for Organismal Biology">Organismal Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Max_Planck_Research_School_for_Ultrafast_Imaging_and_Structural_Dynamics" title="International Max Planck Research School for Ultrafast Imaging and Structural Dynamics">Ultrafast Imaging and Structural Dynamics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Former institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Behavioral_Physiology" title="Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology">Behavioral Physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Biology">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Cell_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology">Cell Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Experimental_Endocrinology" title="Max Planck Institute of Experimental Endocrinology">Experimental Endocrinology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Foreign_and_International_Social_Law" title="Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Social Law">Foreign and International Social Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Neurobiology" title="Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology">Neurobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Ornithology" title="Max Planck Institute for Ornithology">Ornithology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Physics_and_Astrophysics" title="Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics">Physics and Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Psychological_Research" title="Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research">Psychological Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Research_Unit_for_Enzymology_of_Protein_Folding" title="Max Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding">Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> (1948–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> (1960–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reimar_L%C3%BCst" title="Reimar Lüst">Reimar Lüst</a> (1972–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Staab" title="Heinz Staab">Heinz Staab</a> (1984–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_F._Zacher" title="Hans F. Zacher">Hans F. Zacher</a> (1990–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Markl" title="Hubert Markl">Hubert Markl</a> (1996–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gruss" title="Peter Gruss">Peter Gruss</a> (2002–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Stratmann" title="Martin Stratmann">Martin Stratmann</a> (2014–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Cramer" title="Patrick Cramer">Patrick Cramer</a> (since 2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#006c66; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Nobel laureates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Walther Bothe</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodor_Lynen" title="Feodor Lynen">Feodor Lynen</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Konrad Lorenz</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Georges J. F. Köhler</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">Klaus von Klitzing</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ernst Ruska</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Bert Sakmann</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Erwin Neher</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Theodor W. Hänsch</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan W. 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