CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913482143e55463d',cH: 'vQIDZyBF9hIfT4Ke7kMlJnXE75thwd8BJa0yQ9O1QKE-1739781998-1.2.1.1-FuOAeY9zBmQNNlskT5yipYBitTyhA0.Rr3qlj6AcmK9QKOskz9pnVM4FH10Q3VvG',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=F.%20M.%20Awan&__cf_chl_tk=HRxFe6vB4pVd.zaaHmLiXzjWnGutbBi4SpmxvyzgrDY-1739781998-1.0.1.1-ALupzZA2tGPd2zwQGOjPiIJiHeHdqJw1NmP23xUDARk",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739781998',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=F.%20M.%20Awan&__cf_chl_f_tk=HRxFe6vB4pVd.zaaHmLiXzjWnGutbBi4SpmxvyzgrDY-1739781998-1.0.1.1-ALupzZA2tGPd2zwQGOjPiIJiHeHdqJw1NmP23xUDARk",md: "uHUD2EiEHnATHv6zESKhfPuC0x1EX.bOw9_go2y7J2g-1739781998-1.2.1.1-lEDWbvyD8PUtmrUItS0PPNNlKob7KAyK0bm.j.uZ9UwQP8gwJvYMLqAVeyTs8r94K8to_6N.0FaEN.XCL1PHEBH5CudKYUgHwHOiKvlz8.PMMWFg_A4ua9grldV546ty5_WAaM34yiZQxnCRycUcYeDzDuuv76uePHFwHHgLQqz_JgDH98mWKPzc7CQEoLc7geIzuWRtN1GrqTaB4ZZYk9fF0q_Qym7cNPuvGrh7Ncdaz98Y9FML.oPGxXOfFRLz4SWfqnnkyJp3TvHvJ6GYs822euiJQrZ.gFibqEQdJeB_VyhLDf2a_iyyVxhB07sq7D1zvSkKZAvCozqBfDLhTrboS3Z9vbotSIEiKWExiCZ4gaa3NSyp6SB5XXt0uzHaV02hmtOwL82VnG4nUsFI8J.LAc3E4JyKyMvkYSTvmce5zgpj4sdUS_XPha47IWNXuEqlGymLtEjWdFozhdNknDXLQnZtgZ_LKY8X57ivJHfHbPUCR9SuJagY3CkmnxZvieS02h6iCPsC9Zp3W4cVOxWHNtubWl1YpNve46t.q4cSO0uFHV1WORP2GIm6xxHJlKMC4QdlxwwlyqB.BjC12Yt8KrgFAeYDNJnqAzhRUcTxp_QMf9bDo.WYz2WaHlCaXIhAxyeX2nXHH_UJjuKdOIDyGTzAyiAkxc51V.l6W84zjUffvvU3LlppOz1IMaB1w.j16E9fx9HwKhK.s7d211XKuMU3q14AmHxk8a29UrKlLZb4g5NvIDryNeZ4sWg2KGb92IZZk1IGBI5QsnNYUjmuEUMUSGuI.iE3l6iYLltqWLjzAecYsTbMGzRRH4JUQhFpN8l_rplgY7M4tlzx4HogYaOsQKRc4fxfGUWKg3HolnUaWauSro08b7_dGwX_IQTQUfRIiZiQrKujUpHZSYKB9GTAwvxXxju5kgpbBaz2sfjYuMIx5PpB__yroCyI9_2XMn562Pz0QxLW56JcacxQdk3_JXzWggwwYsfRQu7jGsNHqDmiiZHuhBtMXrxHAGDShvIpEIvN02_S8vRuA8fO0_G.D16GjXzdiSeu1eewzI7Vv609Apo10YmBdk7VlRil4Xh0Jd0eOH8I2Mtd4FaBq4II5TLEz3eV.4xe_1kLscpy.ySwEBOiSwhoZemS_bsul479PNW6TrA_ZzE9EczVTRuJ3q3Cw_JmykGDD8d7Vug6oarroFhwqHsrpD8RREZbxF71KSG0k9ws7ZTNz2njUbxr6_vMbzgUfVxycmscCVBrARPCOsQjVs0pVJWj78W7gBkZB6TYM8FXp9TPAlEdqMh8oM_gdz9no9cvpEDpBe43SZtZ0GWtsqJEP4Uvgq08RCfQQF.q049nzZh0vEO66TM6OPTtkhu.aV2Boym.TspD_ba389niukRx0zTSVLbp6W.GypM5u4jrsdiAeb3.l0LS2KngkMRHkH1qCjZto9Eq.tcuxKG2qFszevLrAQngUEFJ2QGMaffWorRaJrwnKMZiCS_Sh.UvW6PO.1BsDjjscbztILE4B7kfOsSrK6Gw1N8rSdtXZgzZa.vkzIAEn5CWFUwph0zDcY6En1a27tIaQPDY58qeOlbPmQez9CB4JrWtGRjuFwvvH2FvnypoupFdtCYA6OJ7LNFsMCcP2FusYP24DlHS8nZCXQXteJof0RPeeXvFoeqT9mv72auomPmB.i.fIxcKGRGn9xrlqeGxu6Rc3fZyB39Hhlnvo8ZI9BEqGh2l54hzC36GA.ezypzY85Rnnv_YLwsRaq5t8hIxJcGQglw7g2AgQlNtf5dk2g9rtKqRSSw05OCch_5atSiEge7fpvDLi6Pbbd76srKfhfvGEE2jf5ep3uzdqHAOD9WdVyKJt9KHdqMQJQPnVmtlQJzjzb5Arsoic6XXkYqpEuyfY4wYgkbtWxQL.COSNe3DLcWq1ldg7LY0nlLfp3ICKnnYdWgoFC6nbz8",mdrd: "oK41RCl4levs9EuIXhBIKVRsgQEJI0r8q1q6qUvRxek-1739781998-1.2.1.1-_vsrNVLwfgmY9AvMuJm4Amc882aIh68wQC8mi0KcmswX1UvT_7mC2XT_BpslOAc5izZvIhcYODai_fW.gnNlfh9UMnqYRHinYKj6UzBTfNvUTLPJV7zLus0yl3Jb6o.Ua1zc9A2zI7CBBsKe0kLN1nZURCWaCM29WEJZexTLWdrFAufYXTaI6G_YGx213.Dq_gYRY0XWy1oqxFybcx0hb1gm8cqt65G5bvQ0a9w.SF4r0a1UgGascoDhHecj7LxHctCR1yGWoiMPHoFoj_Gei6gJw6qCSq7MFcKGjhUdw0F96pxFf0bPsrvhVJZkiOkwM6mMC2DJYc1ulmPSPGUZ5YxvGqs7rWArdybIR1iJovPMyaIqnLHdFzCRskFiuddTIm7XLK8m8gGfpe0Ae.8Qba2ZutDnCpOj.ErSwIHjrP7ks4YNBFwNTN.xMvzqWxP3kQ0bZ1dUIINYYh.nPfiQosFHNi3f1XOuDtY7QafztNGmfB_3Kj06ueoSXdFLtrGTO.Jump_yYNwsKDeGxori1xdQ2c.LZfDulo3_SOPrkHiP4OW43WV6NRoXPjR8yrTF3lZjMo.h3RbyfqaW7b7YcGecR0UhPS9PsC3I7XaDLPwT9tpbzZh7l_40h81NOASMS3NokCccWK.IBwR.UCfw8jg8JFq0SJ622a_cuYDvoZ9H7.Aju66px1dvm1kE.JyWwgpEBEV65P_W9DV9OBCZEnvKaUJ_ReQDTjLBF3_S.tzOEH4cNP8LbHxYexJPUw2dvxzKFMdLhHc_HDhiL61VEBReJOS1NZIPcrST7rGDD_ih5oEkLTmgLmdUsRa8BdQHSM.cpPNDontiIhEfiIZ3tmOhL2IEEVAmpzkzA68_nVrK6UtW5O9.limke4kH8bdJoyqK48_3W4u2hW1SjzPN56s8W1CpNMKwBa5tfIZgDBcH4n95PHUCB7UtN08i1rCk3tFsBA58bZ9y3WWgTS7FDF0TP46HpYYMnfn8jSZB6.1n_N4TaIzxMZRroDn4Tb4f6Jl0v6qIBePYyy8gV_cU29MlNwWygeJKzjAQhZNGoadYpJfNqaPZRqWvVr8nyh2fMl_eTH2GafTlkH4LfKnzT5P4V0HagmNK.H2di9ZbaV9A.qoYlYKM3BPK60K1OTySxdeVrOvx97D8YhyiiTz6JQFCVLSFGUKo_OeSdhl63PxrP181md3xXXxrqzra3q7sVeLksYi79Jda4kZEHKrby5f6ovLl98mOHmdubFK8voXifAovwKGBoFju5AqmZ3_STcEltZlG0G0rTqnZClY1go5jVWcfuDTDOA8MOusejS0lfA3yR0GzNoDOapNwubEU1yPn1C_LVjmy3FIL35ebZXGOEMx49EYCs4ARy3AwJbuqDuiMycAGWGz_9zqbdIBdN8nj9w3SJai8nvFDkGgog.1UQmazxUHMNEksu3Dw8E6CW3wy7R2tdkI5nFf0fy_G.Ijt5A2iwsvar14_Hazpip4pTMV51OBPGr9tOf6e7nUpGaU4CQej2Wlxp1LZfE.zCpMaCQ7aexV09br2msgeVqbb80C6iDPIPq5uEM_3uBNEw3pwBuYz0HEe9h2BlHK4p.8yuAKXQqkFX8jdzUbd8hA51KQ9V6Btd.HauVBHRwG1rsf8vY0Ifa9B9QnPTneRyHCUooUoNvXH6Mj9EtS9SjRuWka4kPp4FppSrxYMoMQQ.znYxujUlRWlynFLMHbtJONVAdjiXZwdP8iDvhu85pYzUS4TOV2.q7Q0vXvJb0vtAuCCPhJuKN.NA2OAOMQRh3vzFsNoM6iawJRYudzTl.UjxlhSk7SmY4Fbf3DAYMU6K9DbWcfZA1DyC786HgjoPKjRtYB2qNJ6V41wDRBZpaRRBMXcX2cK.NpyOm.wMJg3gcxlG_Ajwcyimia.188ibO_3cxWdhdiHUv9BBiqKhRdDw4gw6AYNW4oXh1Nv7In_iieBACTR_i7bNQGIVUUN7MKn9LoiA9cf2_pLPxqRnA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913482143e55463d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=F.%20M.%20Awan&__cf_chl_rt_tk=HRxFe6vB4pVd.zaaHmLiXzjWnGutbBi4SpmxvyzgrDY-1739781998-1.0.1.1-ALupzZA2tGPd2zwQGOjPiIJiHeHdqJw1NmP23xUDARk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>