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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Midtpunktsmetoden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Midtpunktsmetoden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Midtpunktsmetoden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Midtpunktsmetoden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indkomstselasticitet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indkomstselasticitet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Indkomstselasticitet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indkomstselasticitet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Krydspriselasticitet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Krydspriselasticitet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Krydspriselasticitet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Krydspriselasticitet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egenpriselasticitet_og_samlet_indtægt_(provenu)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egenpriselasticitet_og_samlet_indtægt_(provenu)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Egenpriselasticitet og samlet indtægt (provenu)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egenpriselasticitet_og_samlet_indtægt_(provenu)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Henvisninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Henvisninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Henvisninger</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Henvisninger-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Henvisninger</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Henvisninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indholdsfortegnelse" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elasticitet (økonomi)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 42 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF)" title="مرونة (اقتصاد) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرونة (اقتصاد)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastiklik_(iqtisadiyyat)" title="Elastiklik (iqtisadiyyat) – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elastiklik (iqtisadiyyat)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Еластичност на търсенето и предлагането – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еластичност на търсенето и предлагането" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF)" title="স্থিতিস্থাপকতা (অর্থনীতি) – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্থিতিস্থাপকতা (অর্থনীতি)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasti%C4%8Dnost_(ekonomija)" title="Elastičnost (ekonomija) – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Elastičnost (ekonomija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticitat_(economia)" title="Elasticitat (economia) – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elasticitat (economia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenov%C3%A1_elasticita" title="Cenová elasticita – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cenová elasticita" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastizit%C3%A4t_(Wirtschaft)" title="Elastizität (Wirtschaft) – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elastizität (Wirtschaft)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastikiyet" title="Elastikiyet – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Elastikiyet" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticity_(economics)" title="Elasticity (economics) – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Elasticity (economics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticidad_(econom%C3%ADa)" title="Elasticidad (economía) – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elasticidad (economía)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastikotasun_(ekonomia)" title="Elastikotasun (ekonomia) – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elastikotasun (ekonomia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%B4_(%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF)" title="کشش (اقتصاد) – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشش (اقتصاد)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jousto" title="Jousto – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jousto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lasticit%C3%A9_(%C3%A9conomie)" title="Élasticité (économie) – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élasticité (économie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticidade_(econom%C3%ADa)" title="Elasticidade (economía) – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Elasticidade (economía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_(%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%94)" title="גמישות (כלכלה) – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גמישות (כלכלה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9A" title="लोच – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लोच" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasti%C4%8Dnost_(ekonomija)" title="Elastičnost (ekonomija) – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Elastičnost (ekonomija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastisite" title="Elastisite – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elastisite" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugalmass%C3%A1g_(k%C3%B6zgazdas%C3%A1gtan)" title="Rugalmasság (közgazdaságtan) – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rugalmasság (közgazdaságtan)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6)" title="Էլաստիկություն (տնտեսական) – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլաստիկություն (տնտեսական)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastisitas_(ekonomi)" title="Elastisitas (ekonomi) – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elastisitas (ekonomi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teygni" title="Teygni – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Teygni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticit%C3%A0_(economia)" title="Elasticità (economia) – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elasticità (economia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%BE%E5%8A%9B%E6%80%A7" title="弾力性 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="弾力性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%EB%A0%A5%EC%84%B1" title="탄력성 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄력성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_(%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Еластичност (економија) – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Еластичност (економија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticiteit_(economie)" title="Elasticiteit (economie) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elasticiteit (economie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastisitet_(%C3%B8konomi)" title="Elastisitet (økonomi) – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elastisitet (økonomi)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticidade_(economia)" title="Elasticidade (economia) – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elasticidade (economia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticitate_(economie)" title="Elasticitate (economie) – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Elasticitate (economie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_(%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Эластичность (экономика) – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эластичность (экономика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticity_(economics)" title="Elasticity (economics) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Elasticity (economics)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pru%C5%BEnos%C5%A5_(ekon%C3%B3mia)" title="Pružnosť (ekonómia) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pružnosť (ekonómia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastisidad_(ekonomika)" title="Elastisidad (ekonomika) – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elastisidad (ekonomika)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esneklik_(ekonomi)" title="Esneklik (ekonomi) – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Esneklik (ekonomi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_(%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Еластичність (економіка) – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еластичність (економіка)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Disambig_bordered_fade.svg/20px-Disambig_bordered_fade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Disambig_bordered_fade.svg/40px-Disambig_bordered_fade.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><i> For alternative betydninger, se <a href="/wiki/Elasticitet" class="mw-disambig" title="Elasticitet">Elasticitet</a>.</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Speciel:Pr%C3%A6fiksindeks/Elasticitet" title="Speciel:Præfiksindeks/Elasticitet">Se også artikler, som begynder med Elasticitet</a>)</small></dd></dl> <p><b>Elasticitet</b> udtrykker i <a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomi" title="Økonomi">økonomisk</a> teori forhold mellem de relative (procentuelle) ændringer i to <a href="/wiki/Variabel_(matematik)" title="Variabel (matematik)">variable</a>. Der kan kun meningsfuldt eksistere en elasticitet, hvis der også er en årsagssammenhæng mellem variablerne. </p><p>Hvis for eksempel <a href="/wiki/Eftersp%C3%B8rgsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Efterspørgsel">efterspørgslen</a> på en vare falder med 2% (= -2%) når prisen stiger 1%, er efterspørgselselasticiteten -2. I økonomi regnes elasticiteter dog tit uden fortegn.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elasticiteten måles som ("y-elasticiteten af x"): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{x,y}={\frac {\frac {dx}{x}}{\frac {dy}{y}}}={\frac {dx}{dy}}{\frac {y}{x}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> </mfrac> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> <mi>y</mi> </mfrac> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>y</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{x,y}={\frac {\frac {dx}{x}}{\frac {dy}{y}}}={\frac {dx}{dy}}{\frac {y}{x}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e6044d362911f2e36cffa0781e5b7e33c3f39c2c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.005ex; width:19.379ex; height:8.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{x,y}={\frac {\frac {dx}{x}}{\frac {dy}{y}}}={\frac {dx}{dy}}{\frac {y}{x}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Såfremt den numeriske værdi er større end én, siges forholdet mellem variablene at være <i>elastisk</i>; er det under én, er forholdet <i>uelastisk</i>. Hvis den numeriske værdi er akkurat en, siges forholdet at være enhedselastisk.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I praksis er følgende elasticiteter mest anvendt: </p> <ul><li>(Egen)priselasticiteten for efterspørgslen: Hvor meget den efterspurgte mængde ændrer sig ved prisændringer.</li> <li>(Egen)priselasticiteten for udbuddet: Hvor meget den udbudte mængde ændrer sig ved prisændringer.</li></ul> <p>Både priselasticiteten for efterspørgslen og for udbuddet er afhængige af tidshorisonten. På længere sigt er de typisk mere elastiske, da køberne har tid til at finde <a href="/wiki/Gode_(%C3%B8konomi)#Substituerende_gode" title="Gode (økonomi)">substitutter</a>, mens <a href="/wiki/Producent_(%C3%B8konomi)" title="Producent (økonomi)">producenterne</a> kan udvide eller afhænde deres faste <a href="/wiki/Kapital" title="Kapital">kapital</a> og derved udvide eller formindske deres <a href="/wiki/Produktion" title="Produktion">produktionskapacitet</a>. </p><p>Mængden af tætte substitutter har også stor betydning for efterspørgslens priselasticitet. For eksempel kan man i stedet for <a href="/wiki/Kaffe" title="Kaffe">kaffe</a> drikke <a href="/wiki/Te" title="Te">te</a>, mens æg er en madvare uden tætte substitutter, og derfor er efterspørgslen efter <a href="/wiki/Kaffe" title="Kaffe">kaffe</a> mere elastisk end efterspørgslen efter <a href="/wiki/%C3%86g" title="Æg">æg</a>. </p><p>Dette betyder også, at det har stor betydning hvor snævert markedet er. Efterspørgslen efter sko som sådan er ret uelastisk, da alle har brug for sko, mens det for lige præcis for eksempel <a href="/wiki/Nike,_Inc." title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a>-sko er ret elastisk, da der findes mange alternativer i form af <a href="/wiki/Adidas" title="Adidas">Adidas</a>–sko, <a href="/wiki/Reebok" title="Reebok">Reebok</a>-sko, osv. </p><p>Indenfor <a href="/wiki/Regnskab" title="Regnskab">regnskabsanalysen</a> anvendes til tider <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B8ftestangseffekt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Løftestangseffekt (ikke skrevet endnu)">løftestangseffekter</a> – disse er i virkeligheden også elasticiteter. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Elastisk efterspørgsel Ep < -1 </th> <th>Uelastisk efterspørgsel, -1 < Ep < 0 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Prisen stiger </td> <td>Omsætningen falder </td> <td>Omsætningen stiger </td></tr> <tr> <td>Prisen falder </td> <td>Omsætningen stiger </td> <td>Omsætningen falder </td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Midtpunktsmetoden">Midtpunktsmetoden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Midtpunktsmetoden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Midtpunktsmetoden"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>%-vise ændringer er ikke det samme når man går fra A til B, som når man går fra B til A. Derfor bruges midtpunktsmetoden til, ud fra grafer hvis ligning man ikke har, at beregne elasticiteten: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{el}={\frac {(Q_{2}-Q_{1})/[(Q_{2}+Q_{1})/2]}{(P_{2}-P_{1})/[(P_{2}+P_{1})/2]}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{el}={\frac {(Q_{2}-Q_{1})/[(Q_{2}+Q_{1})/2]}{(P_{2}-P_{1})/[(P_{2}+P_{1})/2]}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4251a727aed351400dc2abbddfad140c6f6dd461" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:32.789ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{el}={\frac {(Q_{2}-Q_{1})/[(Q_{2}+Q_{1})/2]}{(P_{2}-P_{1})/[(P_{2}+P_{1})/2]}}}" /></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indkomstselasticitet">Indkomstselasticitet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Indkomstselasticitet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Indkomstselasticitet"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Indkomstelasticiteten er en efterspørgselselasticitet, som måler ændringen i efterspørgsel på ét gode i forhold til ændringen i den samlede indtægt. </p> <ul><li>Indkomstelasticitet = %-vis ændring i efterspurgt mængde / %-vis ændring i samlet indkomst</li></ul> <p>Indkomstelasticitetens fortegn afgøres af varens type: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gode_(%C3%B8konomi)#Inferiørt_gode" title="Gode (økonomi)">Inferiøre goder</a> har negativ indkomstelasticitet – jo mere husholdningen tjener, jo mindre købes af disse, idet man skifter til bedre kvalitet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normale_goder" class="mw-redirect" title="Normale goder">Normale goder</a> har positiv indkomstelasticitet – når indkomsten stiger, forbruges mere.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luksusgode" title="Luksusgode">Luksusgoder</a> har en positiv indkomstelasticitet og er elastiske – forbruget af luksus stiger relativt mere end indkomsten.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Krydspriselasticitet">Krydspriselasticitet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Krydspriselasticitet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Krydspriselasticitet"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Krydselasticitet er en efterspørgselselasticitet, som måler ændringen i efterspørgsel på ét gode i forhold til prisændringen på et andet gode. </p> <ul><li>Krydspriselasticitet = %-vis ændring i efterspurgt mænge af vare 1 / %-vis ændring i pris på vare 2</li></ul> <p>Krydspriselasticitetens fortegn afgør om varerne er hhv. substitutter eller <a href="/wiki/Komplement" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplement">komplementer</a>: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Komplement" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplement">Komplementer</a></b>: Krydspriselasticiteten er negativ, da en prisstigning på vare 2 (for eksempel en computer) fører til, at der bruges mindre af vare 1 (for eksempel software), fordi disse to varer hænger sammen – <i>komplementerer hinanden</i>. Modsat fører et prisfald på vare 2 til en stigning i forbruget af vare 1.</li> <li><b>Substitutter</b>: Krydspriselasticiteten er positiv, da en prisstigning på vare 2 (for eksempel en kartofler) fører til, at der bruges mere af vare 1 (for eksempel ris og pasta), fordi de to varer opfylder det samme behov og man derfor kan bytte den ene ud med den anden – <i>substituere</i> den ene med den anden. Modsat fører et prisfald på vare 2 til et fald i forbruget af vare 1.</li></ul> <p>Krydspriselasticiteten er meget tidsafhængig, da mange varer har få substitutter på kort sigt, men mange på lang sigt. En prisstigning på benzin har for eksempel en langt store betydning for forbruget af miljøvenlige biler på lang sigt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egenpriselasticitet_og_samlet_indtægt_(provenu)"><span id="Egenpriselasticitet_og_samlet_indt.C3.A6gt_.28provenu.29"></span>Egenpriselasticitet og samlet indtægt (provenu)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Egenpriselasticitet og samlet indtægt (provenu)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Egenpriselasticitet og samlet indtægt (provenu)"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egenpriselasticiteten spiller en stor rolle i forbindelse med den samlede indtægt. De samlede indtægter måles som mængden gange prisen (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P*Q}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>∗</mo> <mi>Q</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P*Q}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93e53a3e499dafcd4ba5dc7ec68ed2958aa14c79" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.778ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P*Q}" /></span>). Hvis egenpriselasticiteten er uelastisk vil det procentvise fald i den efterspurgte mængde være <i>mindre</i> end den procentvise prisstigning og de samlede indtægter vil derfor <i>stige</i> ved en prisstigning. Hvis priselasticiteten er elastisk vil det procentvise fald i den efterspurgte mængde være <i>større</i> end den procentvise prisstigning og de samlede indtægter vil derfor <i>falde</i> ved en prisstigning. Er priselasticiteten enhedselastisk vil de samlede indtægter være konstante. </p><p>Dette resultat er især interessant, fordi de fleste efterspørgselskurver ikke har den samme elasticitet over det hele. For eksempel er en lineær efterspørgselskurve i følgende rækkefølge både elastisk, enhedselastisk og uelastisk alt efter hvor på kurven man befinder sig. Dette skyldes at forholdet mellem prisen og mængden (og derfor den <i>procentvise</i> ændring) forandrer sig i løbet af kurven, mens hældningen er konstant. Deraf kan det også sluttes, at en monopolist, der har en lineær afsætningskurve, har den største indtægt, hvor egenpriselasticitet er enhedselastisk (da det enten ellers ville kunne betale sig at sætte prisen op eller ned). </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Elasticitetogindt%C3%A6gt.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Grafisk illustration af elasticitet og indtægt"><img alt="Grafisk illustration af elasticitet og indtægt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Elasticitetogindt%C3%A6gt.JPG/400px-Elasticitetogindt%C3%A6gt.JPG" decoding="async" width="400" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Elasticitetogindt%C3%A6gt.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>Grafisk illustration af elasticitet og indtægt</figcaption></figure> <p>Selvom udgangspunkter er det samme mht. pris og mængde, kan efterspørgslens priselasticitet i udgangspunktet altså være afgørende for om prisstigninger øger eller formindsker det samlede forbrug. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Elasticitetforefter.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Grafisk illustration af elasticitet i forbindelse med produktionsstigning"><img alt="Grafisk illustration af elasticitet i forbindelse med produktionsstigning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Elasticitetforefter.JPG/500px-Elasticitetforefter.JPG" decoding="async" width="400" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Elasticitetforefter.JPG/600px-Elasticitetforefter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Elasticitetforefter.JPG/800px-Elasticitetforefter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="803" data-file-height="589" /></a><figcaption>Grafisk illustration af elasticitet i forbindelse med produktionsstigning</figcaption></figure> <p>Overstående figur viser hvordan en produktivitetsstigning (hvor udbudskurven rykker til højre) i første omgang (hvor efterspørgslens priselasticitet er ret uelastisk) fører til et kraftigt prisfald. På længere sigt (hvor efterspørgslens priselasticitet er mere elastisk) stiger prisen lidt igen, mens mængden øges yderligere. På kort sigt fører produktivitetsstigningen altså til mindre samlede omsætning (da 150 * 5 < 250 * 4), mens den på længere sigt fører til større samlet omsætning (da 200 * 7 > 250 *4). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Henvisninger">Henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Litteratur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Colander, David C. (2017), Economics, New York: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/9781259255458" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/9781259255458">9781259255458</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Referencer">Referencer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elasticitet_(%C3%B8konomi)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Colander (2017), s. 123</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11746895">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Skabelon:Navboks_%C3%B8konomi" title="Skabelon:Navboks økonomi"><abbr title="Se denne skabelon" style=";background:#d0f0c0;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskussion"><a href="/wiki/Skabelondiskussion:Navboks_%C3%B8konomi" title="Skabelondiskussion:Navboks økonomi"><abbr title="Diskuter denne skabelon" style=";background:#d0f0c0;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rediger"><a href="/wiki/Speciel:EditPage/Skabelon:Navboks_%C3%B8konomi" title="Speciel:EditPage/Skabelon:Navboks økonomi"><abbr title="Rediger denne skabelon" style=";background:#d0f0c0;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Økonomi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomi" title="Økonomi">Økonomi</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Emner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikro%C3%B8konomi" title="Mikroøkonomi">Mikroøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makro%C3%B8konomi" title="Makroøkonomi">Makroøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhvervs%C3%B8konomi" title="Erhvervsøkonomi">Erhvervsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finansiel_%C3%B8konomi" title="Finansiel økonomi">Finansiel økonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbejdsmarkeds%C3%B8konomi" title="Arbejdsmarkedsøkonomi">Arbejdsmarkedsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_%C3%B8konomi" title="International økonomi">International økonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velf%C3%A6rds%C3%B8konomi" title="Velfærdsøkonomi">Velfærdsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Politisk økonomi">Politisk økonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industri%C3%B8konomi" title="Industriøkonomi">Industriøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klima%C3%B8konomi" title="Klimaøkonomi">Klimaøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milj%C3%B8%C3%B8konomi" title="Miljøøkonomi">Miljøøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurse%C3%B8konomi" title="Resurseøkonomi">Resurseøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adf%C3%A6rds%C3%B8konomi" title="Adfærdsøkonomi">Adfærdsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rets%C3%B8konomi" title="Retsøkonomi">Retsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afs%C3%A6tning" title="Afsætning">Afsætning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnskab" title="Regnskab">Regnskab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offentlig_%C3%B8konomi" title="Offentlig økonomi">Offentlig økonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uddannelses%C3%B8konomi" title="Uddannelsesøkonomi">Uddannelsesøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udviklings%C3%B8konomi" title="Udviklingsøkonomi">Udviklingsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundheds%C3%B8konomi" title="Sundhedsøkonomi">Sundhedsøkonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_historie" title="Økonomisk historie">Økonomisk historie</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg/220px-Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg/330px-Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg/440px-Supply-demand-right-shift-demand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="217" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Metoder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_model" title="Økonomisk model">Økonomiske modeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matematik" title="Matematik">Matematik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistik" title="Statistik">Statistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konometri" title="Økonometri">Økonometri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spilteori" title="Spilteori">Spilteori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eksperiment" title="Eksperiment">Eksperimenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalregnskab" title="Nationalregnskab">Nationalregnskab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operationsanalyse" title="Operationsanalyse">Operationsanalyse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Problemstillinger</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konjunktur" title="Konjunktur">Konjunktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbejdsl%C3%B8shed" title="Arbejdsløshed">Arbejdsløshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_v%C3%A6kst" title="Økonomisk vækst">Vækst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efficiens" title="Efficiens">Efficiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markedsfejl" title="Markedsfejl">Markedsfejl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indkomstfordeling" title="Indkomstfordeling">Indkomstfordeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deflation" title="Deflation">Deflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stagflation" title="Stagflation">Stagflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likviditetsf%C3%A6lde" title="Likviditetsfælde">Likviditetsfælde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offentlig_g%C3%A6ld" title="Offentlig gæld">Offentlig gæld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offentlig_saldo" title="Offentlig saldo">Offentlig saldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finanspolitik" title="Finanspolitik">Finanspolitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finanspolitisk_holdbarhed" title="Finanspolitisk holdbarhed">Finanspolitisk holdbarhed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penge" title="Penge">Penge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengem%C3%A6ngde" title="Pengemængde">Pengemængde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengeskabelse" title="Pengeskabelse">Pengeskabelse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengepolitik" title="Pengepolitik">Pengepolitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konkurrenceevne" title="Konkurrenceevne">Konkurrenceevne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betalingsbalance" title="Betalingsbalance">Betalingsbalance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skat" title="Skat">Skat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finanskrise" title="Finanskrise">Finanskriser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valutapolitik" title="Valutapolitik">Valutapolitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_politik" title="Økonomisk politik">Økonomisk politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_ulighed" title="Økonomisk ulighed">Økonomisk ulighed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internalitet" title="Internalitet">Internaliteter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Specifikke modeller</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keynesianske_kryds" title="Keynesianske kryds">Keynesianske kryds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IS-LM-modellen" title="IS-LM-modellen">IS-LM-modellen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD-AS-modellen" title="AD-AS-modellen">AD-AS-modellen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvantitetsteorien" title="Kvantitetsteorien">Kvantitetsteorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillipskurven" title="Phillipskurven">Phillipskurven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annual_Danish_Aggregate_Model" title="Annual Danish Aggregate Model">ADAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DREAM" title="DREAM">DREAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEIMDAL" title="HEIMDAL">HEIMDAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAKRO_(%C3%B8konomisk_model)" title="MAKRO (økonomisk model)">MAKRO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Teorihistorie</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik">Skolastik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkantilisme" title="Merkantilisme">Merkantilisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fysiokrater" title="Fysiokrater">Fysiokrater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klassisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Klassisk økonomi">Klassisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoklassisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Neoklassisk økonomi">Neoklassisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynesianisme" title="Keynesianisme">Keynesiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapitalkontroversen" title="Kapitalkontroversen">Kapitalkontroversen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monetarisme" title="Monetarisme">Monetaristisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyklassisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Nyklassisk økonomi">Nyklassisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nykeynesiansk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Nykeynesiansk økonomi">Nykeynesiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainstream-%C3%B8konomi" title="Mainstream-økonomi">Mainstream</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;"><a href="/wiki/Heterodoks_%C3%B8konomi" title="Heterodoks økonomi">Heterodoks økonomi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konofysik" title="Økonofysik">Fysisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgisme" title="Georgisme">Georgistisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxistisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Marxistisk økonomi">Marxistisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-keynesiansk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Post-keynesiansk økonomi">Post-keynesiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98kologisk_%C3%B8konomi" title="Økologisk økonomi">Økologisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_%C3%B8strigske_skole" title="Den østrigske skole">Østrigsk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Lister</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JEL-klassificering" title="JEL-klassificering">JEL-klassificering af økonomiske emner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Riksbanks_pris_i_%C3%B8konomi" title="Sveriges Riksbanks pris i økonomi">Nobelprisvindere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bates_Clark-medaljen" title="John Bates Clark-medaljen">John Bates Clark-medaljen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;">Andre emner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left/center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abenomics" title="Abenomics">Abenomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvantitativ_lempelse" title="Kvantitativ lempelse">Kvantitativ lempelse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elasticiteter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#d0f0c0;color:#000000;"><div>Relaterede kategorier: <a href="/wiki/Kategori:%C3%98konomi" title="Kategori:Økonomi">Økonomi</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11759279" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752089" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autoritetsdata" title="Autoritetsdata">Autoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041517">sh85041517</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11979640c">cb11979640c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11979640c">(data)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//lex.dk/priselasticitet">priselasticitet</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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