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class="diff-otitle diff-side-deleted"><div id="mw-diff-otitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enmeshment&oldid=716414513" title="Enmeshment">Revision as of 16:54, 21 April 2016</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enmeshment&action=edit&oldid=716414513" title="Enmeshment">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2016-04-21T16:54:19Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/User:Penbat" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Penbat" data-mw-revid="716414513"><bdi>Penbat</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Penbat" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Penbat">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Penbat" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Penbat">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_confirmed_editors" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Extended confirmed 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It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/118.209.71.200" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Special:Contributions/118.209.71.200" data-mw-revid="721454315"><bdi>118.209.71.200</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:118.209.71.200" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:118.209.71.200">talk</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">No edit summary</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enmeshment&diff=next&oldid=721454315" title="Enmeshment" id="differences-nextlink">Next edit →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Enmeshment''' is a concept introduced by [[Salvador Minuchin]] to describe families where [[personal boundaries]] are <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">diffuse</del>, sub-systems undifferentiated, and over-concern for others leads to a loss of autonomous development.<ref>H. & L. Goldberg, ''Family Therapy: An Overview'' (2008) p. 244 and p. 467</ref> Enmeshed in parental needs, trapped in a discrepant role function,<ref>[[Virginia Satir]], ''Peoplemaking'' (1983) p. 167</ref> a child may lose his or her capacity for self-direction;<ref>R. C. Schwartz, ''Internal Family Systems Therapy'' (1997) p. 162</ref> his/her own distinctiveness, under the weight of psychic incest;<ref>Robert Bly, ''Iron John'' (1991) p. 170 and p. 185-7</ref> and, if family pressures increase, may end up becoming the [[identified patient]] or family [[scapegoating|scapegoat]].<ref>Goldberg, p. 239</ref> Enmeshment was also used by John Bradshaw to describe a state of cross-generational bonding within a family, whereby a child (normally of the opposite sex) becomes a surrogate spouse for their mother or father.<ref>John Bradshaw, ''Reclaiming Virtue'' (2009) p. 390</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>'''Enmeshment''' is a concept introduced by [[Salvador Minuchin]] to describe families where [[personal boundaries]] are <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">diffused</ins>, sub-systems undifferentiated, and over-concern for others leads to a loss of autonomous development.<ref>H. & L. Goldberg, ''Family Therapy: An Overview'' (2008) p. 244 and p. 467</ref> Enmeshed in parental needs, trapped in a discrepant role function,<ref>[[Virginia Satir]], ''Peoplemaking'' (1983) p. 167</ref> a child may lose his or her capacity for self-direction;<ref>R. C. Schwartz, ''Internal Family Systems Therapy'' (1997) p. 162</ref> his/her own distinctiveness, under the weight of psychic incest;<ref>Robert Bly, ''Iron John'' (1991) p. 170 and p. 185-7</ref> and, if family pressures increase, may end up becoming the [[identified patient]] or family [[scapegoating|scapegoat]].<ref>Goldberg, p. 239</ref> Enmeshment was also used by John Bradshaw to describe a state of cross-generational bonding within a family, whereby a child (normally of the opposite sex) becomes a surrogate spouse for their mother or father.<ref>John Bradshaw, ''Reclaiming Virtue'' (2009) p. 390</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>The term is sometimes applied to engulfing [[Codependency|codependent]] relationships,<ref>Bradshaw, p. 272</ref> where an unhealthy symbiosis is in existence.<ref>R. Abell, ''Own Your Own Life'' (1977) p. 119-22</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>The term is sometimes applied to engulfing [[Codependency|codependent]] relationships,<ref>Bradshaw, p. 272</ref> where an unhealthy symbiosis is in existence.<ref>R. Abell, ''Own Your Own Life'' (1977) p. 119-22</ref></div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revision as of 23:46, 21 May 2016</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Enmeshment</b> is a concept introduced by <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Minuchin" title="Salvador Minuchin">Salvador Minuchin</a> to describe families where <a href="/wiki/Personal_boundaries" title="Personal boundaries">personal boundaries</a> are diffused, sub-systems undifferentiated, and over-concern for others leads to a loss of autonomous development.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enmeshed in parental needs, trapped in a discrepant role function,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a child may lose his or her capacity for self-direction;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his/her own distinctiveness, under the weight of psychic incest;<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, if family pressures increase, may end up becoming the <a href="/wiki/Identified_patient" title="Identified patient">identified patient</a> or family <a href="/wiki/Scapegoating" title="Scapegoating">scapegoat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enmeshment was also used by John Bradshaw to describe a state of cross-generational bonding within a family, whereby a child (normally of the opposite sex) becomes a surrogate spouse for their mother or father.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term is sometimes applied to engulfing <a href="/wiki/Codependency" title="Codependency">codependent</a> relationships,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where an unhealthy symbiosis is in existence.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the toxically enmeshed child, the adult's <a href="/wiki/Projective_identification" title="Projective identification">carried feelings</a> may be the only ones they know, outweighing and eclipsing their own.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remedies">Remedies</h2></div> <p>Clarifying boundaries, putting the generations in separate compartments,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and finding a better balance between involvement and separation,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are all useful remedies. </p><p>At the same time, it is important that the therapist avoids becoming enmeshed in the family subsystems themselves<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - the unconscious enmeshment of helping therapist/needy client.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;">3</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H. & L. Goldberg, <i>Family Therapy: An Overview</i> (2008) p. 244 and p. 467</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Satir" title="Virginia Satir">Virginia Satir</a>, <i>Peoplemaking</i> (1983) p. 167</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. C. Schwartz, <i>Internal Family Systems Therapy</i> (1997) p. 162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Bly, <i>Iron John</i> (1991) p. 170 and p. 185-7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldberg, p. 239</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Bradshaw, <i>Reclaiming Virtue</i> (2009) p. 390</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradshaw, p. 272</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Abell, <i>Own Your Own Life</i> (1977) p. 119-22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Terence Real, <i>I Don't Want to Talk About It</i> (1997) p. 206 and p. 360</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Skynner/J. Cleese, <i>Families and how to survive them</i> (1993) p. 93 and p. 213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldenberg, p. 410</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Skynner, p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Sedgwick, <i>Jung and Searles</i> (1993) p. 113</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li>Robin Skynner, <i>One Flesh, Separate Persons</i> (London 1976)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/enmeshment-symptoms-and-causes-125738708.html">Enmeshment: Symptoms and Causes</a></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enmeshment&oldid=721454315">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enmeshment&oldid=721454315</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Articles_created_via_the_Article_Wizard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Articles created via the Article Wizard (page does not exist)">Articles created via the Article Wizard</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Psychotherapy" title="Category:Psychotherapy">Psychotherapy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Family_therapy" title="Category:Family therapy">Family therapy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Interpersonal_communication" title="Category:Interpersonal communication">Interpersonal communication</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_columns-list_with_unknown_parameters" title="Category:Pages using columns-list with unknown parameters">Pages using columns-list with unknown parameters</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 May 2016, at 23:46<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span class="nowraplinks">This version of the page has been <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">revised</a>. 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