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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-Q61Y5YWXL4"></script><script>window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}gtag('js',new Date());gtag('config','G-Q61Y5YWXL4');</script><title>ERIC - Search Results</title><meta name="description" content="ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education."><meta name="citation_abstract" content="ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education."><link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="css/eric.css?v=0.9" media="all"><link rel="image_src" href="img/icon_fbshare.png"><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/respond.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/eric.js?v=0.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript">$(function() {dser();$('div#divListActions input[type=submit][value=Close]').click(function() {$('div.boxListAction').hide();return(false);});$('#divSaveList input[type=submit][value!=Close]').click(function() {this.disabled=true;var postC = $.post('d.ashx' + window.location.search + '&post=save&check=notreqd&email=' + $('#inputEmail').val());postC.done(function() {$('#divSaveList input[type=submit]').prop('disabled',false);alert('An email containing a link to your search has been sent.');$('#divSaveList').hide();});postC.fail(function() {$('#divSaveList input[type=submit]').prop('disabled',false);if(postC.status && postC.status=='500'){alert('Email could not be delivered. 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id="imgLogo" alt="ERIC - Institute of Education Sciences" /></a></div> <div id="sbar"> <form id="f"> <div> <div id="tab1" class="sTab"><span>Collection</span></div> <div id="tab1b" class="sTab"><a href="#thesaurus">Thesaurus</a></div> <a id="atips" href="?advanced">Advanced<br />Search Tips</a> <input id="s" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search education resources" /> <input type="submit" value="Search" /> </div> <div id="sopt"> <label><input type="checkbox" name="pr" /> Peer reviewed only</label> <label><input type="checkbox" name="ft" /> Full text available on ERIC</label> </div> </form> <form id="ft" style="display:none"> <div> <div id="tab2b" class="sTab"><a href="#collection">Collection</a></div> <div id="tab2" class="sTab"><span>Thesaurus</span></div> <a id="attips" href="?ti=all">Browse<br />Thesaurus</a> <input id="st" type="text" name="qt" placeholder="Search thesaurus descriptors" /> <input type="submit" value="Search" /> </div> <div id="soptt"> <label><input type="checkbox" name="ts" /> Include Synonyms</label> <label><input type="checkbox" name="td" /> Include Dead terms</label> </div> </form> </div> <div id="r"> <div id="rf"><div class="rf_h"><div>Publication Date</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="In 2025">In 2025</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td title="Since 2024">Since 2024</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td title="Since 2021 (last 5 years)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=dtySince_2021" class="fdate">Since 2021 (last 5 years)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Since 2016 (last 10 years)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=dtySince_2016" class="fdate">Since 2016 (last 10 years)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">19</td></tr><tr><td title="Since 2006 (last 20 years)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=dtySince_2006" class="fdate">Since 2006 (last 20 years)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">26</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Descriptor</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Intelligent Tutoring Systems"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subIntelligent+Tutoring+Systems">Intelligent Tutoring Systems</a></td><td style="text-align:right">18</td></tr><tr><td title="Reading Comprehension"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subReading+Comprehension">Reading Comprehension</a></td><td style="text-align:right">15</td></tr><tr><td title="Adult Literacy"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAdult+Literacy">Adult Literacy</a></td><td style="text-align:right">11</td></tr><tr><td title="Educational Technology"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subEducational+Technology">Educational Technology</a></td><td style="text-align:right">10</td></tr><tr><td title="Technology Uses in Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subTechnology+Uses+in+Education">Technology Uses in Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">8</td></tr><tr><td title="Adult Students"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAdult+Students">Adult Students</a></td><td style="text-align:right">7</td></tr><tr><td title="Accuracy"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAccuracy">Accuracy</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Computational Linguistics"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subComputational+Linguistics">Computational Linguistics</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Foreign Countries"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subForeign+Countries">Foreign Countries</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Artificial Intelligence"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subArtificial+Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr><td title="Computer Software"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subComputer+Software">Computer Software</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Interaction"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subInteraction">Interaction</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Natural Language Processing"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subNatural+Language+Processing">Natural Language Processing</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Reading Skills"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subReading+Skills">Reading Skills</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Scores"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subScores">Scores</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Discourse Analysis"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subDiscourse+Analysis">Discourse Analysis</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Learner Engagement"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subLearner+Engagement">Learner Engagement</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Reaction Time"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subReaction+Time">Reaction Time</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Reading Difficulties"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subReading+Difficulties">Reading Difficulties</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Reading Instruction"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subReading+Instruction">Reading Instruction</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Teaching Methods"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subTeaching+Methods">Teaching Methods</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Undergraduate Students"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subUndergraduate+Students">Undergraduate Students</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Achievement Tests"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAchievement+Tests">Achievement Tests</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Adult Learning"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAdult+Learning">Adult Learning</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Attention"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=subAttention">Attention</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tfoot><tr><td colspan="2" class="rf_m"><a href="#">More ▼</a></td></tr></tfoot></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Source</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Grantee Submission"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souGrantee+Submission">Grantee Submission</a></td><td style="text-align:right">19</td></tr><tr><td title="International Educational Data Mining Society"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souInternational+Educational+Data+Mining+Society">International Educational…</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr><td title="International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souInternational+Journal+of+Artificial+Intelligence+in+Education">International Journal of…</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr><td title="Adult Literacy Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souAdult+Literacy+Education">Adult Literacy Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="Cambridge University Press"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souCambridge+University+Press">Cambridge University Press</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="Elementary School Journal"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=souElementary+School+Journal">Elementary School Journal</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Author</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Graesser, Arthur C."><span>Graesser, Arthur C.</span></td><td style="text-align:right">26</td></tr><tr><td title="Cai, Zhiqiang"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autCai%2c+Zhiqiang">Cai, Zhiqiang</a></td><td style="text-align:right">11</td></tr><tr><td title="Chen, Su"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autChen%2c+Su">Chen, Su</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Fang, Ying"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autFang%2c+Ying">Fang, Ying</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Greenberg, Daphne"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autGreenberg%2c+Daphne">Greenberg, Daphne</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Shi, Genghu"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autShi%2c+Genghu">Shi, Genghu</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Hu, Xiangen"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autHu%2c+Xiangen">Hu, Xiangen</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr><td title="Lippert, Anne"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autLippert%2c+Anne">Lippert, Anne</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr><td title="Eagan, Brendan"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autEagan%2c+Brendan">Eagan, Brendan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr><td title="Frijters, Jan C."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autFrijters%2c+Jan+C.">Frijters, Jan C.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr><td title="Li, Haiying"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autLi%2c+Haiying">Li, Haiying</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="McNamara, Danielle S."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autMcNamara%2c+Danielle+S.">McNamara, Danielle S.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Conley, Mark"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autConley%2c+Mark">Conley, Mark</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="D'Mello, Sidney K."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autD%27Mello%2c+Sidney+K.">D'Mello, Sidney K.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Dowell, Nia M."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autDowell%2c+Nia+M.">Dowell, Nia M.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Feng, Shi"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autFeng%2c+Shi">Feng, Shi</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Hampton, Andrew J."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autHampton%2c+Andrew+J.">Hampton, Andrew J.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Olney, Andrew M."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autOlney%2c+Andrew+M.">Olney, Andrew M.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Pennebaker, James"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autPennebaker%2c+James">Pennebaker, James</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Pennebaker, James W."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autPennebaker%2c+James+W.">Pennebaker, James W.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Shaffer, David W."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autShaffer%2c+David+W.">Shaffer, David W.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Shubeck, Keith"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autShubeck%2c+Keith">Shubeck, Keith</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Baer, Whitney O."><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autBaer%2c+Whitney+O.">Baer, Whitney O.</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Cai, Zhiqang"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autCai%2c+Zhiqang">Cai, Zhiqang</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td title="Chen, Qinyu"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=autChen%2c+Qinyu">Chen, Qinyu</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tfoot><tr><td colspan="2" class="rf_m"><a href="#">More ▼</a></td></tr></tfoot></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Publication Type</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Reports - Research"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubReports+-+Research">Reports - Research</a></td><td style="text-align:right">18</td></tr><tr><td title="Speeches/Meeting Papers"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubSpeeches%2fMeeting+Papers">Speeches/Meeting Papers</a></td><td style="text-align:right">13</td></tr><tr><td title="Journal Articles"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubJournal+Articles">Journal Articles</a></td><td style="text-align:right">8</td></tr><tr><td title="Reports - Descriptive"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubReports+-+Descriptive">Reports - Descriptive</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr><td title="Reports - Evaluative"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubReports+-+Evaluative">Reports - Evaluative</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr><td title="Books"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubBooks">Books</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="Tests/Questionnaires"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=pubTests%2fQuestionnaires">Tests/Questionnaires</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Education Level</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Adult Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=eduAdult+Education">Adult Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">10</td></tr><tr><td title="Higher Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=eduHigher+Education">Higher Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr><td title="Postsecondary Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=eduPostsecondary+Education">Postsecondary Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr><tr><td title="Adult Basic Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=eduAdult+Basic+Education">Adult Basic Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="Elementary Education"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=eduElementary+Education">Elementary Education</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Audience</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Practitioners"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=audPractitioners">Practitioners</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Location</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Canada (Toronto)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=locCanada+(Toronto)">Canada (Toronto)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr><td title="Georgia (Atlanta)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=locGeorgia+(Atlanta)">Georgia (Atlanta)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td></tr><tr><td title="Canada"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=locCanada">Canada</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="Tennessee (Memphis)"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=locTennessee+(Memphis)">Tennessee (Memphis)</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td title="United States"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=locUnited+States">United States</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Laws, Policies, & Programs</div><table style="width:100%"></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>Assessments and Surveys</div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td title="Woodcock Johnson Tests of Achievement"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=asmWoodcock+Johnson+Tests+of+Achievement">Woodcock Johnson Tests of…</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3</td></tr><tr><td title="Gates MacGinitie Reading Tests"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&ff2=asmGates+MacGinitie+Reading+Tests">Gates MacGinitie Reading Tests</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr></table></div><div class="rf_h"><div>What Works Clearinghouse Rating</div><table style="width:100%"></table></div></div> <div id="rr"> <div id="rrw"><div id="ffacet"><ul><li title="Author"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22">Graesser, Arthur C. <span>X</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="rr0">Showing 1 to 15 of 26 results <a href="#" onclick="if(document.getElementById('divSaveList').style.display=='block'){document.getElementById('divSaveList').style.display='none';}else{document.getElementById('divExportList').style.display='none';document.getElementById('divSaveList').style.display='block';loadIt();}return(false);">Save</a> | <a href="#" onclick="if(document.getElementById('divExportList').style.display=='block'){document.getElementById('divExportList').style.display='none';}else{document.getElementById('divSaveList').style.display='none';document.getElementById('divExportList').style.display='block';}return(false);">Export</a><div id="divListActions"><div id="divSaveList" class="boxListAction" style="display:none">Send an email containing a link to this search page and a summary of the results (limited to 50).<br /><input id="inputEmail" style="width:298px" type="text" placeholder="Enter your e-mail address" /><div id="html_element"></div><div style="text-align:right"><input type="submit" value="Send e-mail"><input type="submit" value="Close"></div></div><div id="divExportList" class="boxListAction" style="display:none">Create a file for use with citation management software, in a <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/disted/pubmedtutorial/030_080.html" target="_blank">MEDLINE/PubMed</a>-style (.nbib) format.<br /><div style="margin:6px 0"><div><div style="float:left;width:108px;padding-top:10px">Start from result #</div><input id="inputExport" style="width:96px;padding:0" type="text" value="1" maxlength="8" size="5" /></div><div><div style="float:left;width:108px;padding-top:10px">Results to include</div><select id="selectExport" style="width:100px"><option value="10">10</option><option value="50">50</option><option value="100">100</option><option value="200">200</option></select></div></div><div style="text-align:right"><input type="submit" value="Create file"><input type="submit" value="Close"></div></div></div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED618419"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED618419" id="eED618419">Using AutoTutor to Track Performance and Engagement in a Reading Comprehension Intervention for Adult Literacy Students</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED618419.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="http://www.revistasignos.cl/index.php/signos/article/view/776/402" href="?redir=http%3a%2f%2fwww.revistasignos.cl%2findex.php%2fsignos%2farticle%2fview%2f776%2f402"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Graesser, Arthur C.; Greenberg, Daphne; Frijters, Jan C.; Talwar, Amani – Grantee Submission, 2021</div><div class="r_d">A large percentage of adults throughout the world have low reading skills. Computer technologies can potentially help these adults improve their literacy in addition to instructors at literacy centers. AutoTutor was designed to teach comprehension strategies by implementing conversational "trialogues" in which two computer agents (tutor…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Reading Achievement, Learner Engagement, Reading Comprehension, Intervention</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_EJ1389896"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=EJ1389896" id="eEJ1389896">An Intelligent Tutoring System for Adult Literacy Learners: Lessons for Practitioners</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1389896.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Greenberg, Daphne; Miller, Christine; Graesser, Arthur C. – Adult Literacy Education, 2023</div><div class="r_d">This article is written by two researchers and a teacher involved with the development and implementation of a web-based intelligent tutoring system for adults reading at elementary levels. A description of the tool is provided, followed by some of the challenges faced in designing, developing, and using the tool in adult literacy classrooms.</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Adult Students, Adult Basic Education, Reading Comprehension</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED618032"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED618032" id="eED618032">Patterns of Adults with Low Literacy Skills Interacting with an Intelligent Tutoring System</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED618032.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-021-00266-y" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2fs40593-021-00266-y"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Fang, Ying; Lippert, Anne; Cai, Zhiqiang; Chen, Su; Frijters, Jan C.; Greenberg, Daphne; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2021</div><div class="r_d">A common goal of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is to provide learning environments that adapt to the varying abilities and characteristics of users. This type of adaptivity is possible only if the ITS has information that characterizes the learning behaviors of its users and can adjust its pedagogy accordingly. This study investigated an…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education, Reading Comprehension</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_EJ1342711"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=EJ1342711" id="eEJ1342711">Patterns of Adults with Low Literacy Skills Interacting with an Intelligent Tutoring System</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a target="_blank" title="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40593-021-00266-y" href="?redir=http%3a%2f%2fdx.doi.org%2f10.1007%2fs40593-021-00266-y"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Fang, Ying; Lippert, Anne; Cai, Zhiqiang; Chen, Su; Frijters, Jan C.; Greenberg, Daphne; Graesser, Arthur C. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2022</div><div class="r_d">A common goal of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is to provide learning environments that adapt to the varying abilities and characteristics of users. This type of adaptivity is possible only if the ITS has information that characterizes the learning behaviors of its users and can adjust its pedagogy accordingly. This study investigated an…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Classification, Reading Comprehension, Accuracy</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED619288"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED619288" id="eED619288">Using an Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring System to Promote Learning Affordances for Adults with Low Literacy Skills</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED619288.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22341-0_26" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2f978-3-030-22341-0_26"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Lippert, Anne; Gatewood, Jessica; Cai, Zhiqiang; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2019</div><div class="r_d">One out of six adults in the United States possesses low literacy skills. Many advocates believe that technology can pave the way for these adults to gain the skills that they desire. This article describes an adaptive intelligent tutoring system called AutoTutor that is designed to teach adults comprehension strategies across different levels of…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Educational Technology, Adult Literacy, Skill Development</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED617868"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED617868" id="eED617868">Using Virtual Agents to Deliver Lessons in Reading Comprehension to Struggling Adult Learners</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED617868.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47665-0_67" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2f978-3-319-47665-0_67"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Baer, Whitney O.; Cheng, Qinyu; McGlown, Cadarrius; Gong, Yan; Cai, Zhiqiang; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2016</div><div class="r_d">The Center for the Study of Adult Literacy (CSAL) seeks to improve our understanding of ways to advance the reading skills of adult learners. Our web-based instructional tutor uses trialogues in the AutoTutor framework to deliver lessons in reading comprehension. We have found a way to manipulate proven comprehension strategies to fit the daily…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Adult Learning, Adult Students, Literacy Education, Adult Literacy</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED619931"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED619931" id="eED619931">The Adaptive Features of an Intelligent Tutoring System for Adult Literacy</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED619931.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77857-6_42" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2f978-3-030-77857-6_42"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Shi, Genghu; Wang, Lijia; Zhang, Liang; Shubeck, Keith; Peng, Shun; Hu, Xiangen; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2021</div><div class="r_d">Adult learners with low literacy skills compose a highly heterogeneous population in terms of demographic variables, educational backgrounds, knowledge and skills in reading, self-efficacy, motivation etc. They also face various difficulties in consistently attending offline literacy programs, such as unstable worktime, transportation…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Adult Literacy, Adult Students, Reading Comprehension</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED588054"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED588054" id="eED588054">Disengagement Detection within an Intelligent Tutoring System</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588054.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Chen, Su; Lippert, Anne; Shi, Genghu; Fang, Ying; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2018</div><div class="r_d">This paper describes a novel automated disengagement tracing system (DTS) that detects mind wandering in students using AutoTutor, an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) with conversational agents. DTS is based on an unsupervised learning method and thus does not rely on any self-reports of disengagement. We analyzed the reading time and response…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Learner Engagement, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Reading Comprehension, Adult Literacy</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED588058"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED588058" id="eED588058">Exploring an Intelligent Tutoring System as a Conversation-Based Assessment Tool for Reading Comprehension</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588058.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/s41237-018-0065-9" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2fs41237-018-0065-9"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Shi, Genghu; Lippert, Anne M.; Shubeck, Keith; Fang, Ying; Chen, Su; Pavlik, Philip, Jr.; Greenberg, Daphne; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2018</div><div class="r_d">Reading comprehension is often assessed by having students read passages and administering a test that assesses their understanding of the text. Shorter assessments may fail to give a full picture of comprehension ability while more thorough ones can be time consuming and costly. This study used data from a conversational intelligent tutoring…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Adults, Accuracy</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED588068"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED588068" id="eED588068">Diagnosing Reading Deficiencies of Adults with Low Literacy Skills in an Intelligent Tutoring System</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588068.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Shi, Genghu; Hampton, Andrew J.; Chen, Su; Fang, Ying; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2018</div><div class="r_d">We developed a version of AutoTutor that helps struggling adult learners improve their comprehension strategies through conversational agents. We hypothesized that the accuracy and time to answer questions during the conversation could be diagnostic of their mastery of different reading comprehension components: words, textbase, situation model,…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education, Reading Difficulties</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED588100"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED588100" id="eED588100">Emotional, Epistemic, and Neutral Feedback in AutoTutor Trialogues to Improve Reading Comprehension</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588100.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Feng, Shi; Stewart, Janay; Clewley, Danielle; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2015</div><div class="r_d">We manipulated three types of short feedback (emotional, epistemic, and neutral) in an intelligent tutoring system designed to help struggling adult readers improve reading comprehension strategies. We conducted our research on college students to eventually compare with the targeted adult population. We also recorded their facial emotions.…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education, Feedback (Response)</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED560881"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED560881" id="eED560881">Breaking off Engagement: Readers' Disengagement as a Function of Reader and Text Characteristics</a></div><div class="r_f"><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED560881.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Goedecke, Patricia J.; Dong, Daqi; Shi, Genghu; Feng, Shi; Risko, Evan; Olney, Andrew M.; D'Mello, Sidney K.; Graesser, Arthur C. – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2015</div><div class="r_d">Engagement during reading can be measured by the amount of time readers invest in the reading process. It is hypothesized that disengagement is marked by a decrease in time investment as compared with the demands made on the reader by the text. In this study, self-paced reading times for screens of text were predicted by a text complexity score…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Learner Engagement, Reader Text Relationship, Time, Predictor Variables</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED610656"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED610656" id="eED610656">Automated Disengagement Tracking within an Intelligent Tutoring System</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED610656.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2020.595627" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.3389%2ffrai.2020.595627"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Chen, Su; Fang, Ying; Shi, Genghu; Sabatini, John; Greenberg, Daphne; Frijters, Jan; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2021</div><div class="r_d">This paper describes a new automated disengagement tracking system (DTS) that detects learners' maladaptive behaviors, e.g. mind-wandering and impetuous responding, in an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), called AutoTutor. AutoTutor is a conversation-based intelligent tutoring system designed to help adult literacy learners improve their reading…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Attention, Adult Literacy</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED618927"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED618927" id="eED618927">Capturing AIS Behavior Using xAPI-Like Statements</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED618927.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22341-0_17" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2f978-3-030-22341-0_17"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Hu, Xiangen; Cai, Zhiqiang; Hampton, Andrew J.; Cockroft, Jody L.; Graesser, Arthur C.; Copland, Cameron; Folsom-Kovarik, Jeremiah T. – Grantee Submission, 2019</div><div class="r_d">In this paper, we consider a minimalistic and behavioristic view of AIS to enable a standardizable mapping of both the behavior of the system and of the learner. In this model, the "learners" interact with the learning "resources" in a given learning "environment" following preset steps of learning…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Metadata, Behavior Patterns</div></div><div class="r_i" id="r_ED618768"><div class="r_t"><a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&id=ED618768" id="eED618768">Authoring Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems</a></div><div class="r_f"><img src="img/reviewed_large.png" alt="Peer reviewed" /> Peer reviewed<br /><a href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED618768.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="img/pdficon_large.png" alt="PDF on ERIC" /> Download full text</a><br /><a target="_blank" title="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22341-0_46" href="?redir=https%3a%2f%2fdoi.org%2f10.1007%2f978-3-030-22341-0_46"><img src="img/directLink.png" alt="Direct link" />Direct link</a><br /></div><div class="r_a">Cai, Zhiqiang; Hu, Xiangen; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2019</div><div class="r_d">Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are expensive to develop. While simple online courseware could be easily authored by teachers, the authoring of conversational ITSs usually involves a team of experts with different expertise, including domain experts, linguists, instruction designers, programmers, artists, computer scientists,…</div><div class="keywords">Descriptors: Programming, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Courseware, Educational Technology</div></div></div> <div id="rrm"><div style="padding-top:16px;text-align:right"><div style="text-align:left;float:left">Previous Page | <a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&pg=2">Next Page 禄</a></div>Pages: 1  |  <a href="?q=%22R305C120001%22&ff1=autGraesser%2c+Arthur+C.&pg=2"><strong>2</strong></a></div></div> <div><div id="ftrPadding"><div id="ftr"><div id="ftrSocial"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/SearchEduResources" id="facebook" style="padding-bottom:5px"><img src="img/icon_facebook.gif" alt="Facebook" width="16" height="16" border="0"></a> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ERICinfo" id="twitter"><img src="img/icon_twitter.gif" alt="Twitter" width="16" height="16" border="0"></a></div><div id="ftrLogos"><a href="http://www.ed.gov"><img src="img/logo_ed.gif" alt="Department of Education"></a><a href="http://ies.ed.gov"><img src="img/logo_ies.gif" alt="Institute of Education Statistics"></a></div><div id="centerLinks"><a href="?privacy">Privacy</a> | <a href="?copyright">Copyright</a> | <a href="?contact">Contact Us</a> | <a href="?selection">Selection Policy</a> | <a href="?api">API</a> | <a href="metrics">Metrics</a><div><a href="?journals">Journals</a> | <a href="?nonjournals">Non-Journals</a> | <a href="?download">Download</a> | <a href="submit">Submit</a> | <a href="?multimedia">Multimedia</a> | <a href="?widget">Widget</a></div></div></div><script id="_fed_an_ua_tag" language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="/js/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?pga4=55622235&agency=ED&subagency=ERIC"></script></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="i"></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ if(self!=top) {top.location=self.location;} //]]></script> </body> </html>