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As soon as Obama was projected to be the next president of the United States of America, countless migrant mothers (I know one!) patted their children and said, with tears in the eyes, "You too have a chance to be the president of this great country!" Seems to me that overnight America has become more inviting to the immigrants. Has it? Will Obama follow through with his campaign promise, or will he change his stance? Should he? What would that mean from a development point of view?</p> <p>On <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://www.barackobama.com/issues/immigration/#remove-incentives">their website</a>, Barack Obama and Joe Biden's Plan on immigration states the following:</p> <ul> <li>Create secure borders via additional personnel, infrastructure and technology at entry points</li> <li>Fix the dysfunctional immigration bureaucracy</li> <li>Increase the number of legal immigrants to keep families together and meet the demand for jobs that employers cannot fill</li> <li>Remove incentives to enter the country illegally by cracking down on employers who hire undocumented immigrants</li> <li>Support a system that allows undocumented immigrants who are in good standing to pay a fine, learn English, and go to the back of the line for the opportunity to become citizens</li> <li>Promote economic development in Mexico to decrease illegal immigration</li> </ul> <p>Several of these steps relate directly to migration and development. As I have <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/why-the-development-agenda-must-embrace-migration">noted before</a>, most of the migrants are economic migrants, and therefore, migration benefits the migrants themselves, the employers who hire them, and the families back home who receive remittances and other kinds of help from the migrants. Economic underdevelopment is the root cause of outward migration. Low labor cost is the main cause for inward migration. An economic, development-based approach to the migration problem, therefore, is likely to have a higher chance of success than other approaches that rely on quantitative controls like walls and electronic surveillance.</p> <p> I'd love to hear your thoughts on these questions.</p> <div class="service-links"><div class="service-label">Bookmark/Search this post with: </div><ul class="links"><li class="first service_links_delicious"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://del.icio.us/post?url=http%3A%2F%2Fpeoplemove.worldbank.org%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fcan-they-implications-of-obama-victory-for-migration-and-development&title=Can+they%3F%3A+Implications+of+Obama+victory+for+migration+and+development" title="Bookmark this post on del.icio.us." rel="nofollow" class="service_links_delicious"><img src="/web/20090309235306im_/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/delicious.png" alt="Delicious"/></a></li> <li class="service_links_digg"><a 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href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/category/topics/peoples-journeys" rel="tag" title="" class="taxonomy_term_124">People's Journeys</a></li> <li class="taxonomy_term_118"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/category/topics/migration" rel="tag" title="" class="taxonomy_term_118">Migration</a></li> <li class="last taxonomy_term_119"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/category/topics/remittance" rel="tag" title="" class="taxonomy_term_119">Remittance</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> <div id="comments"><a id="comment-56"></a> <div class="comment "><div class="comment-inner"> <h3 class="title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/can-they-implications-of-obama-victory-for-migration-and-development#comment-56" class="active">Dilip, the morning after the</a></h3> <div class="submitted"> Submitted by Jeff (not verified) on Fri, 11/28/2008 - 12:22. </div> <div class="content"> <p>Dilip, the morning after the US presidential election I addressed a conference on African migration in France, attended by many people from the French Immigration Ministry and representatives of several diaspora groups in Paris. A high-level ministry representative reminded us that the US was only following France's lead: here, after all, the president is the son of immigrants, too. But the palpable euphoria and hope in the room seemed to derive from the fact that Obama is a member of the <em>African</em> diaspora, and not only that he is the son of an immigrant. Groggy from having stayed up all night following the returns, my energy was propped up by the steady stream of congratulations and good wishes that came my way merely because I am American. (It's not always like this abroad.)</p> <p>Will this euphoria and hope translate into new thinking on immigration? The incoming administration has crises on several fronts, and while one hopes that the broken immigration system will be a priority, it is not clear that it will. Even if immigration is addressed early on, policy won't necessarily change in the direction of greater development-friendliness.</p> <p>The thorniest political issue, I think, has to do with your statement that the "root cause of emigration is economic underdevelopment." That's surely true, but I think it's equally true -- perhaps even <i>more</i> true -- to say that the root cause of emigration is economic development. If rising prosperity increases out-migration, at least in the short and medium term, that will complicate political negotiations on the issue between the US and Mexico. </p> <p>But I've already gone on far too long for the blog format...</p> </div> <div class="links"> <ul class="links"><li class="first last comment_reply"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/comment/reply/107/56" class="comment_reply">reply</a></li> </ul> </div> </div></div>  <a id="comment-55"></a> <div class="comment "><div class="comment-inner"> <h3 class="title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/can-they-implications-of-obama-victory-for-migration-and-development#comment-55" class="active">People movement power (come & go, and also up & down)</a></h3> <div class="submitted"> Submitted by Andre Budianto (not verified) on Wed, 11/19/2008 - 03:38. </div> <div class="content"> It is interested to talk about the person leadership. The new post of US President will be replace by the new comer. The sensitivity power policy for American people and the other country would be determined for a better outlook. We live on the earth, as an officer would follow the leader. Many things concern a lot about leadership. The role of the other new leader who get the position for a better sustainable development is also important for us. So far, I am not realy sure about the deep impact for the leadership position. I am confident that working in a team, the leader and God's blessing will direct us for the best way. </div> <div class="links"> <ul class="links"><li class="first last comment_reply"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/comment/reply/107/55" class="comment_reply">reply</a></li> </ul> </div> </div></div>  <a id="comment-50"></a> <div class="comment "><div class="comment-inner"> <h3 class="title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/can-they-implications-of-obama-victory-for-migration-and-development#comment-50" class="active">One way for Obama to adopt</a></h3> <div class="submitted"> Submitted by <a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/users/neil" title="View user profile.">Neil</a> on Thu, 11/06/2008 - 14:19. </div> <div class="content"> <p>One way for Obama to adopt an economic-development oriented approach to the migration problem would be for him to change US policy towards Cuba. An <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://www.miamiherald.com/news/politics/campaign-2008/story/757512.html" target="_blank">article in the Miami Herald</a> says that during the campaign trail, Obama promised to lift travel restrictions and remittances caps to Cuba. Currently, Cuban-Americans have to wait three years to visit their relatives on the island. If they are authorized, they can only carry $300 in cash with them to Cuba. US law also restricts the amount of remittances immediate family members can send to Cuba from the US to $300 every four months for a total of $1,200 per year. By <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL31139.pdf" target="_blank">lifting these restrictions</a>, Obama will allow Cuban-Americans to lift their Cuban family members out of poverty.</p> <p>Will Obama change the US-Cuba policy during his first-term as President?</p> </div> <div class="links"> <ul class="links"><li class="first last comment_reply"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/comment/reply/107/50" class="comment_reply">reply</a></li> </ul> </div> </div></div>  </div> </div> </td> <td id="sidebar-right"> <div class="block block-block" id="block-block-5"> <h2 class="title">Welcome</h2> <div class="content"><p><font color="#808080"><font color="#808080"><img class="" height="89" alt="" hspace="5" width="65" align="left" src="/web/20090309235306im_/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/files/image/dr-small(1).jpg"/>This blog is hosted by</font> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/users/dilip"><strong><font color="#006699">Dilip Ratha</font></strong></a></font><font color="#808080">, lead economist at the World Bank. 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href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/china-and-taiwan-launch-a-two-way-postal-remittance-service">China and Taiwan launch a two-way postal remittance service </a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/moving-away-from-home-and-away-from-poverty">Moving away from home... and away from poverty?</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/zimbabwes-economic-crisis">Zimbabwe鈥檚 economic crisis: will adopting foreign currency help to increase remittance flows through formal channels? </a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/reverse-remittances-yes-but-not-really">Reverse remittances? Yes, but not really.</a></div></div> </li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-views" id="block-views-recent_comments_view"> <h2 class="title">Recent comments</h2> <div class="content"><div class="view view-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-content view-content-recent-comments-view"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><div class="view-item view-item-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-field view-data-comments-subject"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/who-should-manage-immigration#comment-95">Illegal Means Illegal - Someone Must Enforce the Law</a></div><div class="view-field view-data-comments-name">Carlos Damato (not verified)</div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-field view-data-comments-subject"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/who-should-manage-immigration#comment-94">Multiple issues here;</a></div><div class="view-field view-data-comments-name">Conrad Barwa (not verified)</div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-field view-data-comments-subject"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/remittances-reduce-poverty#comment-92">The global financial crisis,</a></div><div class="view-field view-data-comments-name">Slamdog Millionaire (not verified)</div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-field view-data-comments-subject"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/reverse-remittances-yes-but-not-really#comment-90">Newsweek</a></div><div class="view-field view-data-comments-name"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/users/dilip" title="View user profile.">Dilip</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-recent-comments-view"><div class="view-field view-data-comments-subject"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/remittance-flows-to-developing-countries#comment-88">The last redoubt of cross-border finance</a></div><div class="view-field view-data-comments-name"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/users/dilip" title="View user profile.">Dilip</a></div></div> </li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-views" id="block-views-Recent_Spanish_Posts"> <h2 class="title">Recent Spanish Posts</h2> <div class="content"><div class="view view-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-content view-content-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/se-estan-reduciendo">驴Se est谩n reduciendo las ofertas laborales para los inmigrantes a ra铆z de la crisis financiera?</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/espa%C3%B1a-aprueba-plan-de-retorno-de-inmigrantes-0">Espa帽a aprueba plan de retorno de inmigrantes</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/negociaciones-comerciales">Negociaciones Comerciales entre la UE y la CAN est谩n afectadas debido a la 鈥渄irectiva de retorno"</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/trabajadores">Trabajadores de construcci贸n latinoamericanos arrestados en Estados Unidos por no contar con permiso de trabajo</a></div></div> </li><li><div class="view-item view-item-Recent-Spanish-Posts"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/content/ICE-sp">驴Ser谩 que el nuevo programa de la Agencia de Inmigraci贸n y Aduanas de los Estados Unidos dejara a muchos en el aire?</a></div></div> </li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-month" id="block-month-0"> <h2 class="title">Monthly Archives</h2> <div class="content"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/month/2009/03">March 2009 (1)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/month/2009/02">February 2009 (8)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/month/2009/01">January 2009 (8)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/month/2008/12">December 2008 (9)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20090309235306/http://peoplemove.worldbank.org/en/month/2008/11">November 2008 (3)</a></li><li><a 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