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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Présentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Présentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Présentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Présentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logiciel_de_serveurs_HTTP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logiciel_de_serveurs_HTTP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Logiciel de serveurs HTTP</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Logiciel_de_serveurs_HTTP-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Logiciel de serveurs HTTP</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Logiciel_de_serveurs_HTTP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Exemples_de_serveur_HTTP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exemples_de_serveur_HTTP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Exemples de serveur HTTP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exemples_de_serveur_HTTP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Part_de_marché" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Part_de_marché"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Part de marché</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Part_de_marché-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autres_logiciels_usuels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autres_logiciels_usuels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Autres logiciels usuels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autres_logiciels_usuels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Problématiques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Problématiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Problématiques</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Problématiques-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Problématiques</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Problématiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Équilibrage_de_charge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Équilibrage_de_charge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Équilibrage de charge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Équilibrage_de_charge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Annexes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Annexes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Serveur web</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 69 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webbediener" title="Webbediener – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Webbediener" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="خادم ويب – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خادم ويب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0" title="ৱেব চাৰ্ভাৰ – assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱেব চাৰ্ভাৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirvidor_web" title="Sirvidor web – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sirvidor web" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veb-server" title="Veb-server – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Veb-server" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%B1-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вэб-сервер – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вэб-сервер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%B1-%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Вэб-сэрвэр – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вэб-сэрвэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%B1_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Уеб сървър – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уеб сървър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="ওয়েব সার্ভার – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়েব সার্ভার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veb-server" title="Veb-server – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Veb-server" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servidor_web" title="Servidor web – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servidor web" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8E%D8%A8" title="خزمەتگووزاریی وێب – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خزمەتگووزاریی وێب" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webov%C3%BD_server" title="Webový server – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Webový server" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver" title="Webserver – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Webserver" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver" title="Webserver – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Webserver" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Web server" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/TTT-servilo" title="TTT-servilo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="TTT-servilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servidor_web" title="Servidor web – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servidor web" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veebiserver" title="Veebiserver – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veebiserver" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%A8" title="سرور وب – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرور وب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWW-palvelin" title="WWW-palvelin – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="WWW-palvelin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freastala%C3%AD_Gr%C3%A9as%C3%A1in" title="Freastalaí Gréasáin – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Freastalaí Gréasáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%AA_HTTP" title="שרת HTTP – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שרת HTTP" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="वेब सर्वर – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेब सर्वर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Web server" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webszerver" title="Webszerver – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Webszerver" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%A2_%D5%BD%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վեբ սերվեր – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վեբ սերվեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servitor_de_rete" title="Servitor de rete – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Servitor de rete" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peladen_web" title="Peladen web – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peladen web" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servero_di_WWW" title="Servero di WWW – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Servero di WWW" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vef%C3%BEj%C3%B3nn" title="Vefþjónn – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vefþjónn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_web" title="Server web – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Server web" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90" title="Webサーバ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Webサーバ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Web server" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B1_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Веб сервер – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Веб сервер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%B9_%EC%84%9C%EB%B2%84" title="웹 서버 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웹 서버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B1-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Веб-сервер – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Веб-сервер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Web server" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%9Blv%C9%9B%CC%81l%C9%9B_w%C9%9B%CC%81b%C9%9B" title="Sɛlvɛ́lɛ wɛ́bɛ – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sɛlvɛ́lɛ wɛ́bɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%ABmek%C4%BCa_serveris" title="Tīmekļa serveris – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tīmekļa serveris" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Web-сервер – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Web-сервер" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Мрежен опслужувач – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мрежен опслужувач" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC" title="വെബ് സെർവർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വെബ് സെർവർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%B1_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вэб сервер – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вэб сервер" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelayan_web" title="Pelayan web – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pelayan web" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B0" title="वेब सर्भर – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="वेब सर्भर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver" title="Webserver – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Webserver" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver" title="Webserver – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Webserver" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serwer_WWW" title="Serwer WWW – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Serwer WWW" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servidor_web" title="Servidor web – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Servidor web" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_web" title="Server web – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Server web" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B1-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Веб-сервер – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Веб-сервер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veb-server" title="Veb-server – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Veb-server" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Web server" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webov%C3%BD_server" title="Webový server – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Webový server" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spletni_stre%C5%BEnik" title="Spletni strežnik – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Spletni strežnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ueb_serveri" title="Ueb serveri – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ueb serveri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B1-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Веб-сервер – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Веб-сервер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webbserver" title="Webbserver – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Webbserver" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="வலை வழங்கி – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வலை வழங்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="వెబ్ సర్వర్ – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వెబ్ సర్వర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sunucusu" title="Web sunucusu – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Web sunucusu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вебсервер – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вебсервер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ویب سرور – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویب سرور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1y_ch%E1%BB%A7_web" title="Máy chủ web – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Máy chủ web" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8" title="网页服务器 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="网页服务器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8" title="網頁伺服器 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="網頁伺服器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8" title="網頁伺服器 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="網頁伺服器" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11288#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Serveur_web" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Serveur_web" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Serveur_web"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Serveur_web"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Serveur_web" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Serveur_web" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&oldid=218927125" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Serveur_web&id=218927125&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FServeur_web"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FServeur_web"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Serveur+web"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Serveur_web&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Web_server" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11288" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Serveur" class="mw-disambig" title="Serveur">Serveur</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg/220px-Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg/330px-Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg/440px-Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Serveurs de la <a href="/wiki/Fondation_Wikim%C3%A9dia" title="Fondation Wikimédia">Fondation Wikimédia</a> en 2012.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN!!_-_London_Science_Museum,_2015-03-19_(by_Binary_Koala).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg/220px-This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg/330px-This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg/440px-This_Machine_is_a_server_DO_NOT_POWER_IT_DOWN%21%21_-_London_Science_Museum%2C_2015-03-19_%28by_Binary_Koala%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Le premier serveur web de l'histoire, le <a href="/wiki/NeXTcube" title="NeXTcube">NeXTcube</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>serveur web</b> est soit un <a href="/wiki/Logiciel" title="Logiciel">logiciel</a> de service de ressources web (serveur <a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a>), soit un <a href="/wiki/Serveur_informatique" title="Serveur informatique">serveur informatique</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ordinateur" title="Ordinateur">ordinateur</a>) qui répond à des requêtes du <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> sur un réseau public (<a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>) ou privé (<a href="/wiki/Intranet" title="Intranet">intranet</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-django_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-django-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, en utilisant principalement le protocole HTTP. </p><p>Un serveur informatique peut être utilisé à la fois pour servir des ressources du Web et pour faire fonctionner en parallèle d'autres services liés, comme l'envoi de <a href="/wiki/Courrier_%C3%A9lectronique" title="Courrier électronique">courriers électroniques</a>, l'émission de flux en <a href="/wiki/Streaming" title="Streaming">streaming</a>, le stockage de données dans des <a href="/wiki/Base_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Base de données">bases de données</a>, le transfert de fichiers par <a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a><sup id="cite_ref-django_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-django-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Présentation"><span id="Pr.C3.A9sentation"></span>Présentation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Présentation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Présentation"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les serveurs web publics sont reliés à <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> et hébergent des ressources (<a href="/wiki/Page_web" title="Page web">pages web</a>, images, vidéos, <abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr>) du <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">Web</a>. Ces ressources peuvent être statiques (servies telle quelles) ou dynamiques (construites à la demande par le serveur). </p><p>Certains serveurs sont seulement accessibles sur des réseaux privés (<a href="/wiki/Intranet" title="Intranet">intranets</a>) et hébergent des sites utilisateurs, des <a href="/wiki/Document_num%C3%A9rique" title="Document numérique">documents</a>, ou des <a href="/wiki/Logiciel" title="Logiciel">logiciels</a>, internes à une entreprise, une administration, <abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr> </p><p><span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help;">Techniquement il serait possible qu'un même ordinateur remplisse ces deux fonctions, mais c'est rarement le cas pour des raisons de sécurité</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup>. La fonction principale d'un serveur Web est de stocker et délivrer des pages web qui sont généralement rendues en <a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Markup_Language" title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</a>. Le <a href="/wiki/Protocole_de_communication" title="Protocole de communication">protocole de communication</a> <a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">Hypertext Transfer Protocol</a> (HTTP) permet le dialogue via le réseau avec le logiciel client, généralement un <a href="/wiki/Navigateur_web" title="Navigateur web">navigateur web</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logiciel_de_serveurs_HTTP">Logiciel de serveurs HTTP</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Logiciel de serveurs HTTP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Logiciel de serveurs HTTP"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les deux termes sont utilisés pour le logiciel car le protocole HTTP a été développé pour le Web, et les <a href="/wiki/Page_web" title="Page web">pages web</a> sont en pratique toujours servies avec ce protocole. Cependant d'autres ressources du Web comme les <a href="/wiki/Fichier_informatique" title="Fichier informatique">fichiers</a> à télécharger ou les flux audio ou vidéo sont parfois servis avec d'autres protocoles, telle que, par exemple, le protocole de transport Temps Réel (<a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">Real-time Transport Protocol</a>), ainsi que son pendant sécurisé, le protocole de transport sécurisé Temps Réel (<a href="/wiki/Secure_Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Secure Real-time Transport Protocol">Secure Real-time Transport Protocol</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exemples_de_serveur_HTTP">Exemples de serveur HTTP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Exemples de serveur HTTP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Exemples de serveur HTTP"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Usage_share_of_web_servers_(Source_Netcraft).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg/220px-Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg/330px-Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg/440px-Usage_share_of_web_servers_%28Source_Netcraft%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>Part des serveurs HTTP dans le monde.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Part_des_serveurs_Web.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Part_des_serveurs_Web.png/220px-Part_des_serveurs_Web.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Part_des_serveurs_Web.png/330px-Part_des_serveurs_Web.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Part_des_serveurs_Web.png/440px-Part_des_serveurs_Web.png 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="303" /></a><figcaption>Part des serveurs HTTP dans le monde en janvier 2016.</figcaption></figure> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:200px"> <div style="background-couleur:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden"> <div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 880.42099845207px; border-left-color:LightCoral"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:LightCoral"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:LightCoral"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 490.63900054487px; border-left-color:SkyBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:SkyBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:SkyBlue"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 277.7606853915px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 51.746537509573px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 196.26105055052px 100px 0; border-right-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/200px-Circle_frame.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/300px-Circle_frame.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/400px-Circle_frame.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Part de marché du million de serveurs les plus actifs<sup id="cite_ref-w3techs_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w3techs-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160408543">.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-centre{display:table;margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc ul li{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.5em}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.0em}</style><ul><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:Gold;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a> (42,5 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:Green;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a> (40,1 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:Blue;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/IIS" class="mw-disambig" title="IIS">IIS</a> (11,9 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:SkyBlue;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LiteSpeed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LiteSpeed (page inexistante)">LiteSpeed</a> (2,3 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:LightCoral;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Servers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Servers (page inexistante)">Google Servers</a> (1,4 %)</li> </ul></div> </div> </div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/CERN_httpd" title="CERN httpd">CERN httpd</a> est le premier serveur HTTP, inventé en même temps que le <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">World Wide Web</span></i>, en 1990 au CERN de Genève. Il est rapidement devenu obsolète en raison de l'évolution exponentielle des fonctionnalités du protocole. </p><p>Quelques serveurs HTTP : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a>, successeur du <a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Tomcat" title="Apache Tomcat">Apache Tomcat</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a>, évolution de Apache pour <a href="/wiki/Jakarta_EE" title="Jakarta EE">J2EE</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BusyBox" title="BusyBox">BusyBox</a> httpd, utilisé dans le domaine de l'<a href="/wiki/Informatique_embarqu%C3%A9e" title="Informatique embarquée">informatique embarquée</a>, et notamment avec <a href="/wiki/OpenWrt" title="OpenWrt">OpenWrt</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Server" title="Google Web Server">Google Web Server</a> de <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">Internet Information Services</a> (IIS) de <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighttpd" title="Lighttpd">lighttpd</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Kneschke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Kneschke (page inexistante)">Jan Kneschke</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_web_server" title="Monkey web server">Monkey web server</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduardo_Silva_Pereira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduardo Silva Pereira (page inexistante)">Eduardo Silva Pereira</a>, dédié au <a href="/wiki/Noyau_Linux" title="Noyau Linux">noyau Linux</a>, permettant d'utiliser pleinement ses fonctionnalités ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Igor_Sysoev" title="Igor Sysoev">Igor Sysoev</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiawatha_(serveur_HTTP)" title="Hiawatha (serveur HTTP)">Hiawatha</a> de Hugo Leisink</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node.js" title="Node.js">Node.js</a> sous <a href="/wiki/Licence_MIT" title="Licence MIT">licence MIT</a> conçu par <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryan Lienhart Dahl (page inexistante)">Ryan Lienhart Dahl</a> en lignes de <a href="/wiki/Programmation_fonctionnelle" title="Programmation fonctionnelle">programmation</a> en <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_iPlanet_Web_Server" title="Oracle iPlanet Web Server">Oracle iPlanet Web Server</a> de <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> (anciennement iPlanet de <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications" title="Netscape Communications">Netscape</a>, puis Sun ONE de <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>) ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengine" title="Tengine">Tengine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fork_(d%C3%A9veloppement_logiciel)" title="Fork (développement logiciel)">fork</a> de <a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">nginx</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Taobao" title="Taobao">Taobao</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="Neuvième">9<sup>e</sup></abbr> rang mondial Alexa en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-07" data-sort-value="2014-07">juillet 2014</time>) ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus_Web_Server" title="Zeus Web Server">Zeus Web Server</a> de Zeus Technology ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunicorn" title="Gunicorn">Gunicorn</a> est un serveur web HTTP WSGI écrit en <a href="/wiki/Python_(langage)" title="Python (langage)">Python</a> pour <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zazouminiwebserver" title="Zazouminiwebserver">Zazouminiwebserver</a>, serveur extrêmement léger (approx. 500 kilooctets), sous environnement Microsoft Windows.</li> <li>Abyss Web Server, un serveur gratuit, multi-plateforme (<a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">MacOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a>), permettant un paramétrage très facile via une <a href="/wiki/Interface_graphique" title="Interface graphique">interface graphique</a> <a href="/wiki/Multilinguisme" title="Multilinguisme">multilingue</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Part_de_marché"><span id="Part_de_march.C3.A9"></span>Part de marché</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Part de marché" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Part de marché"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le serveur HTTP le plus utilisé est <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a> qui sert environ 55 % des <a href="/wiki/Site_web" title="Site web">sites web</a> en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-01" data-sort-value="2013-01">janvier 2013</time> selon <a href="/wiki/Netcraft" title="Netcraft">Netcraft</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le serveur HTTP le plus utilisé dans les mille sites les plus actifs est en revanche <a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a> avec 38,2 <abbr class="abbr" title="pourcent">%</abbr> de parts de marché en 2016 selon w3techs et 53,9 <abbr class="abbr" title="pourcent">%</abbr> en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-04" data-sort-value="2017-04">avril 2017</time><sup id="cite_ref-w3techs_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w3techs-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historiquement, d'autres serveurs HTTP importants furent <a href="/wiki/CERN_httpd" title="CERN httpd">CERN httpd</a>, développé par les inventeurs du Web, abandonné le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1996-07-15" data-sort-value="1996-07-15">15 juillet 1996</time> et <a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a>, développé au <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applications" title="National Center for Supercomputing Applications">NCSA</a> en même temps que <a href="/wiki/NCSA_Mosaic" title="NCSA Mosaic">NCSA Mosaic</a>, abandonné mi-<a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>, ainsi que <a href="/wiki/WebObjects" title="WebObjects">WebObjects</a>. </p><p>Il existe aussi des serveurs HTTP qui sont des <a href="/wiki/Serveur_d%27applications" title="Serveur d'applications">serveurs d'applications</a> capables de faire serveur HTTP, comme <a href="/wiki/Caudium_(logiciel)" title="Caudium (logiciel)">Caudium</a> et <a href="/wiki/GlassFish" title="GlassFish">GlassFish</a>. À l'inverse, on peut trouver des serveurs HTTP spécialisés dans un service distinct comme : <a href="/wiki/HTTP_File_Server" title="HTTP File Server">HTTP File Server</a> qui est uniquement destiné au <a href="/wiki/Partage_de_fichiers" title="Partage de fichiers">partage de fichiers</a> Le logiciel <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">serveur HTTP</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Daemon_(informatique)" title="Daemon (informatique)">daemon</a> HTTP est le <a href="/wiki/Logiciel" title="Logiciel">logiciel</a> prenant en charge les requêtes <a href="/wiki/Client-serveur" title="Client-serveur">client-serveur</a> du protocole HTTP développé pour le <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>. Ces logiciels intègrent généralement des modules permettant d'exécuter un <a href="/wiki/Langage_serveur" title="Langage serveur">langage serveur</a> comme <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> pour générer des <a href="/wiki/Page_web_dynamique" title="Page web dynamique">pages web dynamiques</a>. Les plus connus sont <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a>, <a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a>, et <a href="/wiki/Lighttpd" title="Lighttpd">Lighttpd</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autres_logiciels_usuels">Autres logiciels usuels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Autres logiciels usuels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Autres logiciels usuels"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le plus souvent, un serveur Web exécute continuellement d'autres logiciels qui fonctionnent en collaboration avec le logiciel de serveur HTTP. Selon les besoins, certains services gourmands en ressources, comme le serveur de <a href="/wiki/Base_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Base de données">base de données</a>, peuvent être situés sur la même machine ou un serveur spécialisé. </p><p>Certaines combinaisons de logiciels de base sont connues sous différents acronymes, notamment celle d'<a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">serveur HTTP</a>) logiciel installé et exécuté sur le serveur web en parallèle de <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> (serveur de <a href="/wiki/Base_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Base de données">base de données</a>) et le script d'interprétation et d'exécution de <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> (voire <a href="/wiki/PHP-FPM" title="PHP-FPM">PHP-FPM</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Voir en PDF l'introduction « Qu'entend-t-on par serveur HTTP et serveur Web ? » d'Anthony Garcia (2008) - IBISC<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Source_insuffisante" title="Aide:Source insuffisante">[source insuffisante]</a></sup> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LAMP" title="LAMP">LAMP</a> pour « <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, Apache, MySQL, PHP » ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMP" title="WAMP">WAMP</a> pour « <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, Apache, MySQL, PHP » ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAMP" title="MAMP">MAMP</a> pour « <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a>, Apache, MySQL, PHP ».</li></ul> <p>Il existe aussi la distribution de <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> nommée <a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a> pour « Internet Information Services » qui comprend plusieurs services : <a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a> et <a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">NNTP</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Problématiques"><span id="Probl.C3.A9matiques"></span>Problématiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Problématiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Problématiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Équilibrage_de_charge"><span id=".C3.89quilibrage_de_charge"></span>Équilibrage de charge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Équilibrage de charge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Équilibrage de charge"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/%C3%89quilibrage_de_charge_des_serveurs_Web" title="Équilibrage de charge des serveurs Web">Équilibrage de charge des serveurs Web</a>.</div></div> <p>L’équilibrage de charge des serveurs web, ou <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9partition_de_charge" title="Répartition de charge">répartition de charge</a> des serveurs Web, regroupe l’ensemble des mécanismes utilisés pour distribuer les requêtes sur de multiples serveurs Web. Cette pratique est devenue indispensable depuis l’explosion du trafic du Web qui a pour conséquence un accroissement important de la charge demandé au serveur. Cela a entraîné une évolution des architectures, destinée à apporter plus d'<a href="/wiki/Extensibilit%C3%A9" title="Extensibilité">extensibilité</a>, de disponibilité et de performances. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2018">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ionos.fr/digitalguide/serveur/know-how/serveur-web-definition-bases-astuces-et-logiciels/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Qu’est-ce qu’un serveur Web ? Quels logiciels utiliser ?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">IONOS.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-16" data-sort-value="2018-10-16">16 octobre 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-10-22" data-sort-value="2019-10-22">22 octobre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="MathieuLerond"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alain_MathieuDominique_Lerond">Alain Mathieu et Dominique Lerond, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mosaique-info.fr/glossaire-web-referencement-infographie-multimedia-informatique/s-glossaire-informatique-et-multimedia/491-serveur-web-definition.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Serveur web - Définition</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">mosaique-info.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-10-22" data-sort-value="2019-10-22">22 octobre 2019</time>)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-django-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-django_3-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-django_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="AlexisBersiniDegols2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_AlexisHugues_BersiniGilles_Degols2018">Pierre Alexis, Hugues Bersini et Gilles Degols, <cite class="italique">Apprendre la programmation web avec Python & Django : Principes et bonnes pratiques pour les sites web dynamiques</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Eyrolles" title="Eyrolles">Eyrolles</a>, <time>2018</time>, 368 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-212-67515-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-212-67515-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-212-67515-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=oNRFDwAAQBAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 9<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Apprendre+la+programmation+web+avec+Python+%26+Django&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Eyrolles&rft.stitle=Principes+et+bonnes+pratiques+pour+les+sites+web+dynamiques&rft.aulast=Alexis&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.au=Hugues+Bersini&rft.au=Gilles+Degols&rft.date=2018&rft.pages=9&rft.tpages=368&rft.isbn=978-2-212-67515-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AServeur+web"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-w3techs-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-w3techs_4-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-w3techs_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://w3techs.com/technologies/cross/web_server/ranking"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en"><i>Usage of web servers broken down by ranking</i></cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-04-27" data-sort-value="2017-04-27">27 avril 2017</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/http.httpd"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en"><i>BusyBox HTTP Daemon (httpd)</i></cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/OpenWrt" title="OpenWrt">OpenWrt</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.netcraft.com/archives/2013/01/07/january-2013-web-server-survey-2.html">« <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">January 2013 Web Server Survey</span></i> »</a>, Netcraft, 7 janvier 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Garcia2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Anthony_Garcia2008">Anthony Garcia, <cite class="italique">Apache</cite>, <time>2008</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibisc.univ-evry.fr/~petit/Enseignement/AdminSystem/IUP-ASR/2007-2008-IUP-ASR-ADSY/Projet-2007-2008/apache.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Apache&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AServeur+web"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Annexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serveur_web&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="column-width:18em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serveur_web_embarqu%C3%A9" title="Serveur web embarqué">Serveur web embarqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serveur_informatique" title="Serveur informatique">Serveur informatique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_informatique" title="Réseau informatique">Réseau informatique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serveur_d%27applications" title="Serveur d'applications">Serveur d'applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_de_r%C3%A9pertoire_de_serveur_Web" title="Index de répertoire de serveur Web">Index de répertoire de serveur Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">Internet Information Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighttpd" title="Lighttpd">lighttpd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Client-serveur" title="Client-serveur">Client-serveur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Common Gateway Interface">Common Gateway Interface</a> (CGI) et <a href="/wiki/FastCGI" title="FastCGI">FastCGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes">Server Side Includes</a> (SSI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_codes_HTTP" title="Liste des codes HTTP">Liste des codes HTTP</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Serveurs_HTTP" title="Modèle:Palette Serveurs HTTP"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Serveurs_HTTP&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Serveurs web</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/C_(langage)" title="C (langage)">C</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Web_Server" title="Cherokee Web Server">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiawatha_(serveur_HTTP)" title="Hiawatha (serveur HTTP)">Hiawatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighttpd" title="Lighttpd">lighttpd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_web_server" title="Monkey web server">Monkey web server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGINX" title="NGINX">NGINX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus_Web_Server" title="Zeus Web Server">Zeus</a></li> <li>Abyss Web Server</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> & <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp" title="C Sharp">C#</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><a href="/wiki/Zazouminiwebserver" title="Zazouminiwebserver">ZMWS : ZazouMiniWebServer</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET">ASP.NET</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Java_(langage)" title="Java (langage)">Java</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Tomcat" title="Apache Tomcat">Tomcat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlassFish" title="GlassFish">GlassFish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WildFly" title="WildFly">WildFly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetty" title="Jetty">Jetty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JOnAS" title="JOnAS">JOnAS</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>/<a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Node.js" title="Node.js">Node.js</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deno_(logiciel)" title="Deno (logiciel)">Deno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bun_(logiciel)" title="Bun (logiciel)">Bun</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Python_(langage)" title="Python (langage)">Python</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunicorn" title="Gunicorn">Gunicorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zope" title="Zope">Zope</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Pike_(langage)" title="Pike (langage)">Pike</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><a href="/wiki/Caudium_(logiciel)" title="Caudium (logiciel)">Caudium</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby">Ruby</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WEBrick" title="WEBrick">WEBrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongrel_(serveur_HTTP)" title="Mongrel (serveur HTTP)">Mongrel</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Erlang_(langage)" title="Erlang (langage)">Erlang</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><a href="/wiki/Yaws" title="Yaws">Yaws</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style="background:#fdfdfd;"> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle:Palette Modèle OSI"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Mod%C3%A8le_OSI&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle OSI">Couches du modèle OSI</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">7. <a href="/wiki/Couche_application" title="Couche application">Application</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Message_Queuing_Protocol" title="Advanced Message Queuing Protocol">AMQP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol" title="Border Gateway Protocol">BGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol_Secure" title="File Transfer Protocol Secure">FTPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="SSH File Transfer Protocol">SFTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_eXchange_Protocol" title="File eXchange Protocol">FXP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(protocole)" title="Gemini (protocole)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher">Gopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.323" title="H.323">H.323</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol_Secure" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure">HTTPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Printing_Protocol" title="Internet Printing Protocol">IPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat" title="Internet Relay Chat">IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol" title="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol">LDAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Local Mail Transfer Protocol">LMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modbus" title="Modbus">MODBUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MQTT" title="MQTT">MQTT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_File_System" title="Network File System">NFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">NNTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol" title="Remote Desktop Protocol">RDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol" title="Real Time Streaming Protocol">RTSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secure_Internet_Live_Conferencing" title="Secure Internet Live Conferencing">SILC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIP_for_Instant_Messaging_and_Presence_Leveraging_Extensions" title="SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions">SIMPLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_Message_Block" title="Server Message Block">SMB-CIFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol" title="Simple Network Management Protocol">SNMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAP" title="SOAP">SOAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transaction_Capabilities_Application_Part" title="Transaction Capabilities Application Part">TCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trivial_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="Trivial File Transfer Protocol">TFTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voix_sur_IP" title="Voix sur IP">VoIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Messaging_and_Presence_Protocol" title="Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol">XMPP</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">6. <a href="/wiki/Couche_pr%C3%A9sentation" title="Couche présentation">Présentation</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol" title="Apple Filing Protocol">AFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Standard_Code_for_Information_Interchange" title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASN.1" title="ASN.1">ASN.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Markup_Language" title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multipurpose_Internet_Mail_Extensions" title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions">MIME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">NCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Driver_Interface" title="Transport Driver Interface">TDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">TLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_to_Unix_Copy" title="Unix to Unix Copy">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vid%C3%A9otex" title="Vidéotex">Vidéotex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repr%C3%A9sentation_externe_des_donn%C3%A9es" title="Représentation externe des données">XDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">5. <a href="/wiki/Couche_session" title="Couche session">Session</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/AppleTalk" title="AppleTalk">AppleTalk</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datagram_Transport_Layer_Security" title="Datagram Transport Layer Security">DTLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBIOS" title="NetBIOS">NetBIOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appel_de_proc%C3%A9dure_%C3%A0_distance" title="Appel de procédure à distance">RPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliable_Server_Pooling" title="Reliable Server Pooling">RSerPool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOCKS" title="SOCKS">SOCKS</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">4. <a href="/wiki/Couche_transport" title="Couche transport">Transport</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol" title="Datagram Congestion Control Protocol">DCCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUIC" title="QUIC">QUIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Reservation_Protocol" title="Resource Reservation Protocol">RSVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequenced_Packet_Exchange" title="Sequenced Packet Exchange">SPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">3. <a href="/wiki/Couche_r%C3%A9seau" title="Couche réseau">Réseau</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Address Resolution Protocol">ARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babel_(protocole)" title="Babel (protocole)">Babel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_Protocol" title="Bootstrap Protocol">BOOTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connectionless_Network_Protocol" title="Connectionless Network Protocol">CLNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol" title="Internet Control Message Protocol">ICMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Group_Management_Protocol" title="Internet Group Management Protocol">IGMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internetwork_Packet_Exchange" title="Internetwork Packet Exchange">IPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IS-IS" title="IS-IS">IS-IS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBEUI" title="NetBEUI">NetBEUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol" title="Neighbor Discovery Protocol">NDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routing_Information_Protocol" title="Routing Information Protocol">RIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Interior_Gateway_Routing_Protocol" title="Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol">EIGRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First" title="Open Shortest Path First">OSPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Reverse Address Resolution Protocol">RARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X.25" title="X.25">X.25</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">2. <a href="/wiki/Couche_liaison_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Couche liaison de données">Liaison</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Token_ring" title="Token ring">Anneau à jeton (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">token ring</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_bus" title="Token bus">Anneau à jeton adressé (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">Token Bus</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARINC_429" title="ARINC 429">ARINC 429</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avionics_Full_DupleX" title="Avionics Full DupleX">AFDX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_de_transfert_asynchrone" title="Mode de transfert asynchrone">ATM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitnet" title="Bitnet">Bitnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_de_donn%C3%A9es_CAN" title="Bus de données CAN">CAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Data_Interface" title="Fiber Distributed Data Interface">FDDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relais_de_trames" title="Relais de trames"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Frame Relay</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Level_Data_Link_Control" title="High-Level Data Link Control">HDLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I2C" title="I2C">I²C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.3ad" title="IEEE 802.3ad">IEEE 802.3ad (LACP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1aq" title="IEEE 802.1aq">IEEE 802.1aq (SPB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contr%C3%B4le_de_la_liaison_logique" title="Contrôle de la liaison logique">LLC</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/LocalTalk" title="LocalTalk">LocalTalk</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIL-STD-1553" title="MIL-STD-1553">MIL-STD-1553</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol" title="Spanning Tree Protocol">STP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X.21" title="X.21">X.21</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">1. <a href="/wiki/Couche_physique" title="Couche physique">Physique</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Code_en_bloc_4B5B" title="Code en bloc 4B5B">4B5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADSL" title="ADSL">ADSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_BHDn" title="Codage BHDn">BHDn</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2ble_coaxial" title="Câble coaxial">Câble coaxial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_bipolaire" title="Codage bipolaire">Codage bipolaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_Sense_Multiple_Access_with_Collision_Avoidance" title="Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance">CSMA/CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_Sense_Multiple_Access_with_Collision_Detection" title="Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection">CSMA/CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct-sequence_spread_spectrum" title="Direct-sequence spread spectrum">DSSS</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/E-carrier" title="E-carrier">E-carrier</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">EIA-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIA-422" title="EIA-422">EIA-422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-449" title="RS-449">EIA-449</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIA-485" title="EIA-485">EIA-485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89talement_de_spectre_par_saut_de_fr%C3%A9quence" title="Étalement de spectre par saut de fréquence">FHSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomeRF" title="HomeRF">HomeRF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FireWire" title="FireWire">IEEE 1394 (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">FireWire</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_Data_Association" title="Infrared Data Association">IrDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_num%C3%A9rique_%C3%A0_int%C3%A9gration_de_services" title="Réseau numérique à intégration de services">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Manchester" title="Codage Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Manchester_diff%C3%A9rentiel" title="Codage Manchester différentiel">Manchester différentiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Miller" title="Codage Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi_Level_Transmit_3" title="Multi Level Transmit 3">MLT-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero" title="Non Return to Zero">NRZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero_Inverted" title="Non Return to Zero Inverted">NRZI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero_Mark" title="Non Return to Zero Mark">NRZM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paire_torsad%C3%A9e" title="Paire torsadée">Paire torsadée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9rarchie_num%C3%A9rique_pl%C3%A9siochrone" title="Hiérarchie numérique plésiochrone">PDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9rarchie_num%C3%A9rique_synchrone" title="Hiérarchie numérique synchrone">SDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetric_Digital_Subscriber_Line" title="Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line">SDSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronous_Optical_Network" title="Synchronous Optical Network">SONET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface" title="Serial Peripheral Interface">SPI</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/T-carrier" title="T-carrier">T-carrier</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDSL" title="VDSL">VDSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDSL2" title="VDSL2">VDSL2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V.21" title="V.21">V.21</a>-<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_normes_de_l%27Union_internationale_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Liste des normes de l'Union internationale des télécommunications">V.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_normes_de_l%27Union_internationale_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Liste des normes de l'Union internationale des télécommunications">V.42</a>-<a href="/wiki/V.90" title="V.90">V.90</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Wireless_USB" title="Wireless USB">Wireless USB</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE-T" title="10BASE-T">10BASE-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE2" title="10BASE2">10BASE2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE5" title="10BASE5">10BASE5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100BASE-TX" title="100BASE-TX">100BASE-TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000BASE-T" title="1000BASE-T">1000BASE-T</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><b>Articles connexes</b> : <a href="/wiki/Pile_de_protocoles" title="Pile de protocoles">Pile de protocoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite 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