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chemical</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: chemical"> <meta name="keywords" content="chemical"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="chemical"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4502</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: chemical</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4502</span> Procedure to Optimize the Performance of Chemical Laser Using the Genetic Algorithm Optimizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammedi%20Ferhate">Mohammedi Ferhate</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents details of the study of the entire flow inside the facility where the exothermic chemical reaction process in the chemical laser cavity is analyzed. In our paper we will describe the principles of chemical lasers where flow reversal is produced by chemical reactions. We explain the device for converting chemical potential energy laser energy. We see that the phenomenon thus has an explosive trend. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by computer simulation <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic" title="genetic">genetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lasers" title=" lasers"> lasers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nozzle" title=" nozzle"> nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programming" title=" programming"> programming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166363/procedure-to-optimize-the-performance-of-chemical-laser-using-the-genetic-algorithm-optimizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166363.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4501</span> Bioactive Chemical Markers Based Strategy for Quality Control of Herbal Medicines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenzhong%20Yang">Zhenzhong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Herbal medicines are important supplements to chemical drugs and usually consist of a complex mixture of constituents. The current quality control strategy of herbal medicines is mainly based on chemical markers, which largely failed to owe to the markers, not reflecting the herbal medicines’ multiple mechanisms of action. Herein, a bioactive chemical markers based strategy was proposed and applied to the quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. This strategy mainly includes the comprehensive chemical characterization of herbal medicines, bioactive chemical markers identification, and related quantitative analysis methods development. As a proof-of-concept, this strategy was applied to a Panax notoginseng derived herbal medicine. The bioactive chemical markers based strategy offers a rational approach for quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20chemical%20markers" title="bioactive chemical markers">bioactive chemical markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20medicines" title=" herbal medicines"> herbal medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title=" quality assessment"> quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810/bioactive-chemical-markers-based-strategy-for-quality-control-of-herbal-medicines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4500</span> Comparison of Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation for Boron Removal from Synthetic Wastewater Using Aluminium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kartikaningsih%20Danis">Kartikaningsih Danis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yao-Hui%20Huang"> Yao-Hui Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various techniques including conventional and advanced have been employed for the boron treatment from water and wastewater. The electrocoagulation involves an electrolytic reactor for coagulation/flotation with aluminium as anode and cathode. There is aluminium as coagulant to be used for removal which may induce secondary pollution in chemical coagulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the performance between electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation on boron removal from synthetic wastewater. The effect of different parameters, such as pH reaction, coagulant dosage, and initial boron concentration were examined. The results show that the boron removal using chemical coagulation was lower. At the optimum condition (e.g. pH 8 and 0.8 mol coagulant dosage), boron removal efficiencies for chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation were 61% and 91%, respectively. In addition, the electrocoagulation needs no chemical reagents and makes the boron treatment easy for application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron%20removal" title="boron removal">boron removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20coagulation" title=" chemical coagulation"> chemical coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-coagulation" title=" electro-coagulation "> electro-coagulation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22930/comparison-of-chemical-coagulation-and-electrocoagulation-for-boron-removal-from-synthetic-wastewater-using-aluminium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4499</span> Modeling Aggregation of Insoluble Phase in Reactors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Brener">A. Brener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Ismailov"> B. Ismailov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Berdalieva"> G. Berdalieva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the paper we submit the modification of kinetic Smoluchowski equation for binary aggregation applying to systems with chemical reactions of first and second orders in which the main product is insoluble. The goal of this work is to create theoretical foundation and engineering procedures for calculating the chemical apparatuses in the conditions of joint course of chemical reactions and processes of aggregation of insoluble dispersed phases which are formed in working zones of the reactor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20aggregation" title="binary aggregation">binary aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clusters" title=" clusters"> clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reactions" title=" chemical reactions"> chemical reactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insoluble%20phases" title=" insoluble phases"> insoluble phases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4173/modeling-aggregation-of-insoluble-phase-in-reactors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4498</span> Damage in Cementitious Materials Exposed to Sodium Chloride Solution and Thermal Cycling: The Effect of Using Supplementary Cementitious Materials </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadi%20Althoey">Fadi Althoey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaghoob%20Farnam"> Yaghoob Farnam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sodium chloride (NaCl) can interact with the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and its hydrates in concrete matrix. This interaction can result in formation of a harmful chemical phase as the temperature changes. It is thought that this chemical phase is embroiled in the premature concrete deterioration in the cold regions. This work examines the potential formation of the harmful chemical phase in various pastes prepared by using different types of ordinary portland cement (OPC) and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The quantification of the chemical phase was done by using a low temperature differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the chemical phase formation can be reduced by using Type V cement (low content of C3A). The use of SCMs showed different behaviors on the formation of the chemical phase. Slag and Class F fly ash can reduce the chemical phase by the dilution of cement whereas silica fume can reduce the amount of the chemical phase by dilution and pozzolanic activates. Interestingly, the use of Class C fly ash has a negative effect on concrete exposed to NaCl through increasing the formation of the chemical phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage" title=" damage"> damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemcial%20phase" title=" chemcial phase"> chemcial phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaCl" title=" NaCl"> NaCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCMs" title=" SCMs"> SCMs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123461/damage-in-cementitious-materials-exposed-to-sodium-chloride-solution-and-thermal-cycling-the-effect-of-using-supplementary-cementitious-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4497</span> Computational Chemical-Composition of Carbohydrates in the Context of Healthcare Informatics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chandrasekaran">S. Chandrasekaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nandita"> S. Nandita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shivathmika"> M. Shivathmika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srikrishnan%20Shivakumar"> Srikrishnan Shivakumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the research work is to analyze the computational chemical-composition of carbohydrates in the context of healthcare informatics. The computation involves the representation of complex chemical molecular structure of carbohydrate using graph theory and in a deployable Chemical Markup Language (CML). The parallel molecular structure of the chemical molecules with or without other adulterants for the sake of business profit can be analyzed in terms of robustness and derivatization measures. The rural healthcare program should create awareness in malnutrition to reduce ill-effect of decomposition and help the consumers to know the level of such energy storage mixtures in a quantitative way. The earlier works were based on the empirical and wet data which can vary from time to time but cannot be made to reuse the results of mining. The work is carried out on the quantitative computational chemistry on carbohydrates to provide a safe and secure right to food act and its regulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbohydrates" title="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical-composition" title=" chemical-composition"> chemical-composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20markup" title=" chemical markup"> chemical markup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness" title=" robustness"> robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title=" food safety"> food safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5573/computational-chemical-composition-of-carbohydrates-in-the-context-of-healthcare-informatics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4496</span> Farmers’ Awareness and Behavior of Chemical Pesticide Uses in Suan Luang Sub-District Municipality, Ampawa, Samut Songkram, Thailand </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paiboon%20Jeamponk">Paiboon Jeamponk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tikamporn%20Thipsaeng"> Tikamporn Thipsaeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is aimed to investigate farmers’ level of awareness and behavior of chemical pesticide uses, by using a case study of Suan Luang Sub- District Municipality, Ampawa, Samut Songkram Province. Questionnaire was employed in this study with the farmers from 46 households to explore their level of awareness in chemical pesticide uses, while interview and observation were adopted in exploring their behavior of chemical pesticide uses. The findings reflected the farmers’ high level of awareness in chemical pesticide uses in the hazardous effects of the chemical to human and environmental health, while their behavior of chemical pesticide uses explained their awareness paid to the right way of using pesticides, for instance reading the direction on the label, keeping children and animals away from the area of pesticide mixing, covering body with clothes and wearing hat and mask, no smoking, eating or drinking during pesticide spray or standing in windward direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title="awareness">awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide" title=" pesticide"> pesticide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmers" title=" farmers"> farmers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8902/farmers-awareness-and-behavior-of-chemical-pesticide-uses-in-suan-luang-sub-district-municipality-ampawa-samut-songkram-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4495</span> Computation of Natural Logarithm Using Abstract Chemical Reaction Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iuliia%20Zarubiieva">Iuliia Zarubiieva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joyun%20Tseng"> Joyun Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vishwesh%20Kulkarni"> Vishwesh Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent researches has focused on nucleic acids as a substrate for designing biomolecular circuits for in situ monitoring and control. A common approach is to express them by a set of idealised abstract chemical reaction networks (ACRNs). Here, we present new results on how abstract chemical reactions, viz., catalysis, annihilation and degradation, can be used to implement circuit that accurately computes logarithm function using the method of Arithmetic-Geometric Mean (AGM), which has not been previously used in conjunction with ACRNs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reaction%20networks" title="chemical reaction networks">chemical reaction networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratio%20computation" title=" ratio computation"> ratio computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness" title=" robustness"> robustness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93960/computation-of-natural-logarithm-using-abstract-chemical-reaction-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4494</span> Chemical Analysis of Available Portland Cement in Libyan Market Using X-Ray Fluorescence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Elbagermia">M. A. Elbagermia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Alajtala"> A. I. Alajtala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alkerzab"> M. Alkerzab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study compares the quality of different brands of Portland Cement (PC) available in Libyan market. The amounts of chemical constituents like SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, SO3, and Lime Saturation Factor (LSF) were determined in accordance with Libyan (L.S.S) and Amrican (A.S.S) Standard Specifications. All the cement studies were found to be good for concrete work especially where no special property is required. The chemical and mineralogical analyses for studied clinker samples show that the dominant phases composition are C3S and C2S while the C3A and C4AF are less abundant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portland%20cement" title="Portland cement">Portland cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libyan%20market" title=" Libyan market"> Libyan market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-Ray%20fluorescence" title=" X-Ray fluorescence"> X-Ray fluorescence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1338/chemical-analysis-of-available-portland-cement-in-libyan-market-using-x-ray-fluorescence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4493</span> Effect of Chemical Modifier on the Properties of Polypropylene (PP) / Coconut Fiber (CF) in Automotive Application </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shahril">K. Shahril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nizam"> A. Nizam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sabri"> M. Sabri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Siti%20Rohana"> A. Siti Rohana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Salmah"> H. Salmah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical modifier (Acrylic Acid) is used as filler treatment to improve mechanical properties and swelling behavior of polypropylene/coconut fiber (PP/CF) composites by creating more adherent bonding between CF filler and PP Matrix. Treated (with chemical modifier) and untreated (without chemical modifier) composites were prepared in the formulation of 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, and 40 wt%. The mechanical testing indicates that composite with 10 wt% of untreated composite has the optimum value of tensile strength, and the composite with chemical modifier shows the tensile strength was increased. By increasing of filler loading, elastic modulus was increased while the elongation at brake was decreased. Meanwhile, the swelling test discerned that the increase of filler loading increased the water absorption of composites and the presence of chemical modifier reduced the equilibrium water absorption percentage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coconut%20fiber" title="coconut fiber">coconut fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene" title=" polypropylene"> polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20acrylic" title=" acid acrylic"> acid acrylic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20modifier" title=" chemical modifier"> chemical modifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14842/effect-of-chemical-modifier-on-the-properties-of-polypropylene-pp-coconut-fiber-cf-in-automotive-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4492</span> Adoption of Big Data by Global Chemical Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashiff%20Khan">Ashiff Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Seetharaman"> A. Seetharaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhijit%20Dasgupta"> Abhijit Dasgupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The new era of big data (BD) is influencing chemical industries tremendously, providing several opportunities to reshape the way they operate and help them shift towards intelligent manufacturing. Given the availability of free software and the large amount of real-time data generated and stored in process plants, chemical industries are still in the early stages of big data adoption. The industry is just starting to realize the importance of the large amount of data it owns to make the right decisions and support its strategies. This article explores the importance of professional competencies and data science that influence BD in chemical industries to help it move towards intelligent manufacturing fast and reliable. This article utilizes a literature review and identifies potential applications in the chemical industry to move from conventional methods to a data-driven approach. The scope of this document is limited to the adoption of BD in chemical industries and the variables identified in this article. To achieve this objective, government, academia, and industry must work together to overcome all present and future challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20engineering" title="chemical engineering">chemical engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data%20analytics" title=" big data analytics"> big data analytics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20revolution" title=" industrial revolution"> industrial revolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20competence" title=" professional competence"> professional competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20science" title=" data science"> data science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151938/adoption-of-big-data-by-global-chemical-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4491</span> Carbon Nanofilms on Diamond for All-Carbon Chemical Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivek%20Kumar">Vivek Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20M.%20Zaitsev"> Alexander M. Zaitsev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study on chemical sensing properties of carbon nanofilms on diamond for developing all-carbon chemical sensors is presented. The films were obtained by high temperature graphitization of diamond followed by successive plasma etchings. Characterization of the films was done by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electrical measurements. Fast and selective response to common organic vapors as seen as sensitivity of electrical conductance was observed. The phenomenological description of the chemical sensitivity is proposed as a function of the surface and bulk material properties of the films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sensor" title="chemical sensor">chemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanofilm" title=" carbon nanofilm"> carbon nanofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphitization%20of%20diamond" title=" graphitization of diamond"> graphitization of diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20etching" title=" plasma etching"> plasma etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20force%20microscopy" title=" atomic force microscopy"> atomic force microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20783/carbon-nanofilms-on-diamond-for-all-carbon-chemical-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4490</span> Study of the Adsorption of Metal Ions Ag+ Mg2+, Ni2+ by the Chemical and Electrochemical Polydibenzoether Crown</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Chouder">Dalila Chouder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djaafer%20Benachour"> Djaafer Benachour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work concerns the study of the adsorption of metal ions Ag +, Mg +, and Ni2+ in aqueous medium by polydibenzoether-ROWN based on three factors: Temperature, time and concentration. The polydibenzoether crown was synthesized by two means: Chemical and electrochemical. The behavior of the two polymers has been different, and turns out very interesting for chemical polydibenzoether crown has identified conditions. Chemical and électronique polydibenzoether crown have different extraction screw vi property of adsoption of ions fifférents, this study also shows that plyméres doped may have an advantageous electrical conductivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerization" title="polymerization">polymerization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical" title=" electrochemical"> electrochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexing%20metal%20ions" title=" complexing metal ions"> complexing metal ions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26255/study-of-the-adsorption-of-metal-ions-ag-mg2-ni2-by-the-chemical-and-electrochemical-polydibenzoether-crown" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4489</span> Evaluating the Prominence of Chemical Phenomena in Chemistry Courses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20R.%20Ralph">Vanessa R. Ralph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leah%20J.%20Scharlott"> Leah J. Scharlott</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megan%20Y.%20Deshaye"> Megan Y. Deshaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryan%20L.%20Stowe"> Ryan L. Stowe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Given the traditions of chemistry teaching, one may not question whether chemical phenomena play a prominent role. Yet, the role of chemical phenomena in an introductory chemistry course may define the extent to which the course is introductory, chemistry, and equitable. Picture, for example, the classic Ideal Gas Law problem. If one envisions a prompt wherein students are tasked with calculating a missing variable, then one envisions a prompt that relies on chemical phenomena as a context rather than as a model to understand the natural world. Consider a prompt wherein students are tasked with applying molecular models of gases to explain why the vapor pressure of a gaseous solution of water differs from that of carbon dioxide. Here, the chemical phenomenon is not only the context but also the subject of the prompt. Deliveries of general and organic chemistry were identified as ranging wildly in the integration of chemical phenomena. The more incorporated the phenomena, the more equitable the assessment task was for students of varying access to pre-college math and science preparation. How chemical phenomena are integrated may very well define whether courses are chemistry, are introductory, and are equitable. Educators of chemistry are invited colleagues to discuss the role of chemical phenomena in their courses and consider the long-lasting impacts of replicating tradition for tradition’s sake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equitable%20educational%20practices" title="equitable educational practices">equitable educational practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemistry%20curriculum" title=" chemistry curriculum"> chemistry curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20organization" title=" content organization"> content organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment%20design" title=" assessment design"> assessment design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137218/evaluating-the-prominence-of-chemical-phenomena-in-chemistry-courses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4488</span> The Effectiveness of Pretreatment Methods on COD and Ammonia Removal from Landfill Leachate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Poveda">M. Poveda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lozecznik"> S. Lozecznik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Oleszkiewicz"> J. Oleszkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20Yuan"> Q. Yuan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this experiment is to evaluate the effectiveness of different leachate pre-treatment options in terms of COD and ammonia removal. This research focused on the evaluation of physical-chemical methods for pre-treatment of leachate that would be effective and rapid in order to satisfy the requirements of the sewer discharge by-laws. The four pre-treatment options evaluated were: air stripping, chemical coagulation, electro-coagulation and advanced oxidation with sodium ferrate. Chemical coagulation reported the best COD removal rate at 43%, compared to 18 % for both air stripping and electro-coagulation, and 20 % for oxidation with sodium ferrate. On the other hand, air stripping was far superior to the other treatment options in terms of ammonia removal with 86 %. Oxidation with sodium ferrate reached only 16 %, while chemical coagulation and electro-coagulation removed less than 10 %. When combined, air stripping and chemical coagulation removed up to 50 % COD and 85 % ammonia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachate%20pretreatment" title="leachate pretreatment">leachate pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20stripping" title=" air stripping"> air stripping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20coagulation" title=" chemical coagulation"> chemical coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-coagulation" title=" electro-coagulation"> electro-coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28457/the-effectiveness-of-pretreatment-methods-on-cod-and-ammonia-removal-from-landfill-leachate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">843</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4487</span> Heavy Metal Concentration in Orchard Area, Amphawa District, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sisuwan%20Kaseamsawat">Sisuwan Kaseamsawat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sivapan%20Choo-In"> Sivapan Choo-In</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was conducted in May to July 2013 with the aim of determination of heavy metal concentration in orchard area. 60 samples were collected and analyzed for Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The heavy metal concentrations in sediment of orchards, that use chemical for Cd (1.13 ± 0.26 mg/l), Cu (8.00 ± 1.05 mg/l), Pb (13.16 ± 2.01) and Zn (37.41 ± 3.20 mg/l). The heavy metal concentrations in sediment of the orchards, that do not use chemical for Cd (1.28 ± 0.50 mg/l), Cu (7.60 ± 1.20 mg/l), Pb (29.87 ± 4.88) and Zn (21.79 ± 2.98 mg/l). Statistical analysis between heavy metal in sediment from the orchard, that use chemical and the orchard, that not use chemical were difference statistic significant of 0.5 level of significant for Cd and Pb while no statistically difference for Cu and Zn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title="heavy metal">heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orchard" title=" orchard"> orchard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution%20and%20monitoring" title=" pollution and monitoring"> pollution and monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment" title=" sediment"> sediment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8591/heavy-metal-concentration-in-orchard-area-amphawa-district-samut-songkram-province-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4486</span> Surface Functionalization of Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown Graphene Film</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashanta%20Dhoj%20Adhikari">Prashanta Dhoj Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report the introduction of the active surface functionalization group on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene film by wet deposition method. The activity of surface functionalized group was tested with surface modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and found that both materials were amalgamated by chemical bonding. The introduction of functional group on the graphene film surface and its vigorous role to bind CNTs with the present technique could provide an efficient, novel route to device fabrication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20vapor%20deposition" title="chemical vapor deposition">chemical vapor deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20film" title=" graphene film"> graphene film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20functionalization" title=" surface functionalization"> surface functionalization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23138/surface-functionalization-of-chemical-vapor-deposition-grown-graphene-film" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4485</span> Electrochemical Anodic Oxidation Synthesis of TiO2 nanotube as Perspective Electrode for the Detection of Phenyl Hydrazine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadia%20Ameen">Sadia Ameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nazim"> M. Nazim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyumg-Kee%20Seo"> Hyumg-Kee Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Shik%20Shin"> Hyung-Shik Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays were grown on titanium (Ti) foil substrate by electrochemical anodic oxidation and utilized as working electrode to fabricate a highly sensitive and reproducible chemical sensor for the detection of harmful phenyl hydrazine chemical. The fabricated chemical sensor based on TiO2 NT arrays electrode exhibited high sensitivity of ~40.9 µA.mM-1.cm-2 and detection limit of ~0.22 µM with short response time (10s). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2%20NT" title="TiO2 NT">TiO2 NT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenyl%20hydrazine" title=" phenyl hydrazine"> phenyl hydrazine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sensor" title=" chemical sensor"> chemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalytic%20properties" title=" electrocatalytic properties"> electrocatalytic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25165/electrochemical-anodic-oxidation-synthesis-of-tio2-nanotube-as-perspective-electrode-for-the-detection-of-phenyl-hydrazine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">500</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4484</span> Elaboration and Characterization of CdxZn1-XS Thin Films Deposed by Chemical Bath Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zellagui%20Rahima">Zellagui Rahima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaumont%20Denis"> Chaumont Denis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boughelout%20Abderrahman"> Boughelout Abderrahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnane%20Mohamed"> Adnane Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thin films of CdxZn1-xS were deposed by chemical bath deposition on glass substrates for photovoltaic applications. The thin films CdZnS were synthesized by chemical bath (CBD) with different deposition protocols for optimized the parameter of deposition as the temperature, time of deposition, concentrations of ion and pH. Surface morphology, optical and chemical composition properties of thin film CdZnS were investigated by SEM, EDAX, spectrophotometer. The transmittance is 80% in visible region 300 nm – 1000 nm; it has been observed in that films the grain size is between 50nm and 100nm measured by SEM image and we also note that the shape of particle is changing with the change in concentration. This result favors of application these films in solar cells; the chemical analysis with EDAX gives information about the presence of Cd, Zn and S elements and investigates the stoichiometry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film" title="thin film">thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cells" title=" solar cells"> solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmition" title=" transmition"> transmition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cdzns" title=" cdzns"> cdzns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60104/elaboration-and-characterization-of-cdxzn1-xs-thin-films-deposed-by-chemical-bath-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4483</span> The Effect of Biological Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Maize with Different Levels of Chemical Fertilizers in Normal and Difficit Irrigation Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felora%20Rafiei">Felora Rafiei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Shoaei"> Shahram Shoaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this studies was to evaluate effect of nitroxin, super nitro plus and biophosphorus on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays) under different levels of chemical fertilizers in the condition of normal and difficiet irrigation. Experiment laid out as split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots includes two irrigation treatments of 70 (I1), 120(I2) mm evaporation from class A pan. Sub plots were biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizer as factorial biological fertilizer consisting of nitroxin: Azospirillium lipoferum, Azospirillium brasilens, Azotobacter chroococcum Azotobacter agilis (108 CFU ml-1) (B1), super nitro plus (Azospirillium spp, + Pseudomonas fluorescence + Bacillus subtilis (108 CFU ml-1) + biological fungicide) (B2), biophosphorus (Pseudomonas spp + Bacillus spp (107 CFU ml-1) (B3), and chemical fertilizer consisting of NPK (C1), N5oP5oK5o (C2) and NoPoKo (C3).The results showed that usage of biological fertilizer have positive effects on chemical fertilizers use efficiency and tolerance to drought stress in maize. Also with use of biological fertilizer can decrease usage of chemical fertilizers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20fertilizer" title="biological fertilizer">biological fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20fertilizer" title=" chemical fertilizer"> chemical fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20component" title=" yield component"> yield component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn" title=" corn"> corn</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33467/the-effect-of-biological-fertilizers-on-yield-and-yield-components-of-maize-with-different-levels-of-chemical-fertilizers-in-normal-and-difficit-irrigation-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4482</span> Chemical Durability of Textured Glass-coat Suitable for Building Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adejo%20Andrew%20Ojonugwa">Adejo Andrew Ojonugwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jomboh%20Jeff%20Kator"> Jomboh Jeff Kator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garkida%20Adele%20Dzikwi"> Garkida Adele Dzikwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the behaviour of textured glass coat to chemical reactions upon application. Samples of textured glass coat developed from mixed post consumer glass were subjected to pH test (ASTM D5464), Chemical resistance test (ASTM D3260 and D1308), Adhesion test (ASTM D3359), and Abrasion test (ASTM D4060). Results shows a pH of 8.50, Chemical resistance of 5% flick rate when reacted with Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a 3%, 5%, 10%, and 15% discolouration when reacted with Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), Hydrogen fluoride (HF), Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and NaOH respectively, an adhesion of 4A and abrasion of 0.2g. The results confirm that the developed textured glass coat is in line with the standard pH range of 8-9, resistant to acid and base except for HF, NaOH, and Mg(OH)₂, good adhesion and abrasion properties, thereby making the coat resistant to chemical degradation and a good engineering material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20durability" title="chemical durability">chemical durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-coat" title=" glass-coat"> glass-coat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title=" building"> building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157990/chemical-durability-of-textured-glass-coat-suitable-for-building-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4481</span> Some Conjectures and Programs about Computing the Detour Index of Molecular Graphs of Nanotubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shokofeh%20Ebrtahimi">Shokofeh Ebrtahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G.Chemical graph theory is the topology branch of mathematical chemistry which applies graph theory to mathematical modelling of chemical phenomena.[1] The pioneers of the chemical graph theory are Alexandru Balaban, Ante Graovac, Ivan Gutman, Haruo Hosoya, Milan Randić and Nenad TrinajstićLet G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G. In this paper, a new program for computing the detour index of molecular graphs of nanotubes by heptagons is determineded. Some Conjectures about detour index of Molecular graphs of nanotubes is included. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20graph" title="chemical graph">chemical graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detour%20matrix" title=" detour matrix"> detour matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Detour%20index" title=" Detour index"> Detour index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title=" carbon nanotube"> carbon nanotube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724/some-conjectures-and-programs-about-computing-the-detour-index-of-molecular-graphs-of-nanotubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4480</span> Hybridized Simulated Annealing with Chemical Reaction Optimization for Solving to Sequence Alignment Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernesto%20Linan">Ernesto Linan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Cruz"> Linda Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucero%20Becerra"> Lucero Becerra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new hybridized algorithm based on Chemical Reaction Optimization and Simulated Annealing is proposed to solve the alignment sequence Problem. The Chemical Reaction Optimization is a population-based meta-heuristic algorithm based on the principles of a chemical reaction. Simulated Annealing is applied to solve a large number of combinatorial optimization problems of general-purpose. In this paper, we propose hybridization between Chemical Reaction Optimization algorithm and Simulated Annealing in order to solve the Sequence Alignment Problem. An initial population of molecules is defined at beginning of the proposed algorithm, where each molecule represents a sequence alignment problem. In order to simulate inter-molecule collisions, the process of Chemical Reaction is placed inside the Metropolis Cycle at certain values of temperature. Inside this cycle, change of molecules is done due to collisions; some molecules are accepted by applying Boltzmann probability. The results with the hybrid scheme are better than the results obtained separately. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reaction%20optimization" title="chemical reaction optimization">chemical reaction optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence%20alignment%20problem" title=" sequence alignment problem"> sequence alignment problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulated%20annealing%20algorithm" title=" simulated annealing algorithm"> simulated annealing algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaheuristics" title=" metaheuristics"> metaheuristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136324/hybridized-simulated-annealing-with-chemical-reaction-optimization-for-solving-to-sequence-alignment-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4479</span> Influence of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Quantitative Characteristics of Sweet Wormwood</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anahita%20Yarahmadi">Anahita Yarahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazanin%20Mahboobi"> Nazanin Mahboobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahid%20Sadat%20Rahmatpour%20Nori"> Nahid Sadat Rahmatpour Nori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hossein%20Bijeh%20Keshavarzi"> Mohammad Hossein Bijeh Keshavarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Javad%20Shakori"> Mohammad Javad Shakori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aimed at considering biological fertilizer effect and chemical fertilizer on the quantitative characteristics of Sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.), an experiment was carried out in factorial design in completely randomized design with 4 replications in an experimental greenhouse which was located in Tehran. Experimental treatment involved chemical fertilizers (Nitrogen, Phosphorus) in4 levels and biological fertilizers in 4 levels (control, Nitroxin, Bio-phosphorus and Vemricompost). Results showed that using biological fertilizers and increasing different levels of chemical fertilizers (N, P) had significant effects on all the characteristics. Considering means comparison showed that biological fertilizers lead to significant enhancement on all the characteristics and among biological fertilizers, Vermicompost treatment has the most effect. Considering means comparison tables of different levels of chemical fertilizer have been found that (N80P80) had the most increase on characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemisia%20annua%20L" title="Artemisia annua L">Artemisia annua L</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-fertilizer" title=" bio-fertilizer"> bio-fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20fertilizer" title=" chemical fertilizer"> chemical fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermicompost" title=" vermicompost"> vermicompost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66492/influence-of-biological-and-chemical-fertilizers-on-quantitative-characteristics-of-sweet-wormwood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4478</span> X-Ray Fluorescence Molecular Imaging with Improved Sensitivity for Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guohua%20Cao">Guohua Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Dong"> Xu Dong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> X-ray Fluorescence Molecular Imaging (XFMI) holds great promise as a low-cost molecular imaging modality for biomedical applications with high chemical sensitivity. However, for in vivo biomedical applications, a key technical bottleneck is the relatively low chemical sensitivity of XFMI, especially at a reasonably low radiation dose. In laboratory x-ray source based XFMI, one of the main factors that limits the chemical sensitivity of XFMI is the scattered x-rays. We will present our latest findings on improving the chemical sensitivity of XFMI using excitation beam spectrum optimization. XFMI imaging experiments on two mouse-sized phantoms were conducted at three different excitation beam spectra. Our results show that the minimum detectable concentration (MDC) of iodine can be readily increased by five times via excitation spectrum optimization. Findings from this investigation could find use for in vivo pre-clinical small-animal XFMI in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20imaging" title="molecular imaging">molecular imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20fluorescence" title=" X-ray fluorescence"> X-ray fluorescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sensitivity" title=" chemical sensitivity"> chemical sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20scattering" title=" X-ray scattering"> X-ray scattering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94803/x-ray-fluorescence-molecular-imaging-with-improved-sensitivity-for-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4477</span> Impact of Compost Application with Different Rates of Chemical Fertilizers on Corn Growth and Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Abdel-Aziz">Reda Abdel-Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agricultural activities in Egypt generate annually around 35 million tons of waste. Composting is one of the most promising technologies to turnover waste in a more economical way, for many centuries. Composting has been used as a mean of recycling organic matter back into the soil to improve soil structure and fertility. Field experiments were conducted in two governorates, Giza and Al-Monofia, to find out the effect of compost with different rates of chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) during two constitutive seasons of 2012 and 2013. The experiment, laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), was carried out on five farmers’ fields in each governorate. The treatments were: unfertilized control, full dose of NPK (120, 30, and 50 kg/acre, respectively), compost at rate of 20 ton/acre, compost at rate of 10 ton/acre + 25% of chemical fertilizer, compost at rate of 10 ton/acre + 50% of chemical fertilizer and compost at rate of 10 ton/acre + 75% of chemical fertilizer. Results revealed a superiority of the treatment of compost at rate of 10 ton/acre + 50% of NPK that caused significant improvement in growth, yield and nutrient uptakes of corn in the two governorates during the two constitutive seasons. Results showed that agricultural waste could be composted into value added soil amendment to enhance efficiency of chemical fertilizer. Composting of agricultural waste could also reduce the chemical fertilizers potential hazard to the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20waste" title="agricultural waste">agricultural waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compost" title=" compost"> compost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20fertilizers" title=" chemical fertilizers"> chemical fertilizers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn%20production" title=" corn production"> corn production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7349/impact-of-compost-application-with-different-rates-of-chemical-fertilizers-on-corn-growth-and-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4476</span> Chemical Life Cycle Alternative Assessment as a Green Chemical Substitution Framework: A Feasibility Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Ayad">Sami Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengshan%20Lee"> Mengshan Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were designed to be the best possible blueprint to achieve peace, prosperity, and overall, a better and more sustainable future for the Earth and all its people, and such a blueprint is needed more than ever. The SDGs face many hurdles that will prevent them from becoming a reality, one of such hurdles, arguably, is the chemical pollution and unintended chemical impacts generated through the production of various goods and resources that we consume. Chemical Alternatives Assessment has proven to be a viable solution for chemical pollution management in terms of filtering out hazardous chemicals for a greener alternative. However, the current substitution practice lacks crucial quantitative datasets (exposures and life cycle impacts) to ensure no unintended trade-offs occur in the substitution process. A Chemical Life Cycle Alternative Assessment (CLiCAA) framework is proposed as a reliable and replicable alternative to Life Cycle Based Alternative Assessment (LCAA) as it integrates chemical molecular structure analysis and Chemical Life Cycle Collaborative (CLiCC) web-based tool to fill in data gaps that the former frameworks suffer from. The CLiCAA framework consists of a four filtering layers, the first two being mandatory, with the final two being optional assessment and data extrapolation steps. Each layer includes relevant impact categories of each chemical, ranging from human to environmental impacts, that will be assessed and aggregated into unique scores for overall comparable results, with little to no data. A feasibility study will demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of CLiCAA whilst bridging both cancer potency and exposure limit data, hoping to provide the necessary categorical impact information for every firm possible, especially those disadvantaged in terms of research and resource management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20alternative%20assessment" title="chemical alternative assessment">chemical alternative assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCA" title=" LCA"> LCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCAA" title=" LCAA"> LCAA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLiCC" title=" CLiCC"> CLiCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLiCAA" title=" CLiCAA"> CLiCAA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20substitution%20framework" title=" chemical substitution framework"> chemical substitution framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20potency%20data" title=" cancer potency data"> cancer potency data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20molecular%20structure%20analysis" title=" chemical molecular structure analysis"> chemical molecular structure analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152390/chemical-life-cycle-alternative-assessment-as-a-green-chemical-substitution-framework-a-feasibility-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4475</span> Chemical Reaction Effects on Unsteady MHD Double-Diffusive Free Convective Flow over a Vertical Stretching Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Aiyesimi">Y. M. Aiyesimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20O.%20Abah"> S. O. Abah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20T.%20Okedayo"> G. T. Okedayo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A general analysis has been developed to study the chemical reaction effects on unsteady MHD double-diffusive free convective flow over a vertical stretching plate. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations have been reduced to the coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by the similarity transformations. The resulting equations are solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta shooting technique. The effects of the chemical parameters are examined on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reaction" title="chemical reaction">chemical reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MHD" title=" MHD"> MHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-diffusive" title=" double-diffusive"> double-diffusive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretching%20plate" title=" stretching plate"> stretching plate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13401/chemical-reaction-effects-on-unsteady-mhd-double-diffusive-free-convective-flow-over-a-vertical-stretching-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4474</span> Effects of Chemical and Biological Fertilizer on, Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Harvest Index of Rice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azin%20Nasrollah%20Zadeh">Azin Nasrollah Zadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A factorial experiment was applied to evaluate the effect of chemical and biological fertilizer on yield, total nitrogen uptake and NHI of rice. Four biological treatments including:(M1:no fertilizer),( M2:10 ton/ha cow dung ),(M3:20 ton/ha cow dung) and (M4:5 ton/ha azolla compost) and four chemical fertilizer treatments including: (S1: no fertilizer),(S2:40 kg N /ha),(S3:60 kg N /ha) and ( S4:80 kg N /ha ) were compared. Results showed that highest rate of yield (3387 kg/ha) and total nitrogen uptake (81.4 kg/ha) were reached the highest value at M4. Among the chemical fertilizers the highest grain yield (3373 kg/ha) and total nitrogen uptake (87.7) belonged to highest nitrogen level (S4).Also biological and chemical fertilizers were no significant on Harvest index (NHI). Interaction effect of chemical × biological fertilizers didn't show significant difference between all parameters except of yield, as the most grain yield were obtained in M4S4. So it can be concluded that using of bioilogical fertilizers at appropriate rate and type, considering plant requirement, may improve grain yield, nitrogen uptake and use efficiency in rice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azolla" title="azolla">azolla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title=" fertilizer"> fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20uptake" title=" nitrogen uptake"> nitrogen uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title=" rice"> rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28466/effects-of-chemical-and-biological-fertilizer-on-yield-nitrogen-uptake-and-nitrogen-harvest-index-of-rice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4473</span> Comparative Study of Traditional Old and Recent Clay Bricks in the Southwest of Tunisia: Chemical, Mineralogical and Physical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Majouri">N. Majouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Sghaier"> J. Sghaier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El%20Mankibi"> M. El Mankibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The history of brick manufacturing in south-west Tunisia dates back 1000 years. Most of the bricks are made at local workshops near to the clay supply site. This experimental study aims at studying and comparing the chemical, mineralogical and physical characterization of ancient and recent clay bricks in south-western Tunisia. This was done by collecting a large sample of clay brick specimens from four sites. There was much variability in the properties. The results revealed that there is a difference of up to 50% between old and new bricks; in chemical composition, mineralogy composition and porosity, which are much lower in recent clay bricks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20bricks" title="clay bricks">clay bricks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20properties" title=" chemical properties"> chemical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogical%20properties" title=" mineralogical properties"> mineralogical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20properties" title=" physical properties"> physical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165401/comparative-study-of-traditional-old-and-recent-clay-bricks-in-the-southwest-of-tunisia-chemical-mineralogical-and-physical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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