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Blue corn - Wikipedia

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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Variety of maize</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Native American artist and potter called "Blue Corn", see <a href="/wiki/Crucita_Calabaza" title="Crucita Calabaza">Crucita Calabaza</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg/220px-Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg/330px-Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg/440px-Hopi_Blue_Corn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="578" /></a><figcaption>Hopi blue corn</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_(L)_and_roasted_and_ground_(R).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg/220px-New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg/330px-New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg/440px-New_Mexican_blue_corn_for_posole_%28L%29_and_roasted_and_ground_%28R%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5955" data-file-height="2939" /></a><figcaption>New Mexican blue corn for <a href="/wiki/Pozole" title="Pozole">posole</a> (L) and roasted and ground (R)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corncobs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Corncobs.jpg/220px-Corncobs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Corncobs.jpg/330px-Corncobs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Corncobs.jpg/440px-Corncobs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Ears of corn, including the dark blue corn variety</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Blue corn</b> (also known as <b>Hopi maize</b>, <b>Yoeme Blue</b>, <b>Tarahumara Maiz Azul</b>, and <b>Rio Grande Blue</b>) is a group of several closely related varieties of <a href="/wiki/Flint_corn" title="Flint corn">flint corn</a> grown in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-johnson_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnson-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cherokee_About_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cherokee_About-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is one of the main types of corn used for the traditional Southern and Central Mexican food known as <a href="/wiki/Tlacoyo" title="Tlacoyo">tlacoyo</a>. </p><p>It was originally developed by the <a href="/wiki/Hopi" title="Hopi">Hopi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Puebloans#Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Puebloans">Pueblo Indians of the Rio Grande in Arizona</a>, and several Southeastern tribes, including the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-johnson_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnson-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It remains an essential part of Hopi dishes like <a href="/wiki/Piki" title="Piki">piki bread</a>. Blue corn meal is a <a href="/wiki/Corn_meal" class="mw-redirect" title="Corn meal">corn meal</a> that is ground from whole blue corn and has a sweet flavor. It is also a staple of <a href="/wiki/New_Mexican_cuisine" title="New Mexican cuisine">New Mexican cuisine</a> used commonly to make <a href="/wiki/Tortilla" title="Tortilla">tortillas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Blue corn contains <a href="/wiki/Anthocyanin" title="Anthocyanin">anthocyanins</a>, which give the corn its blue color. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Varieties">Varieties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Five Hopi blue corn cultivars identified in the 1950s showed significant differences for several traits, such as plant height, kernel weight, width of kernel, and thickness of kernel.<sup id="cite_ref-johnson_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnson-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The different varieties have a color range from nearly black to blue-grey, with names derived from the "standard" blue (<span title="Hopi-language text"><i lang="hop">sakwaqa'o</i></span>), hard blue (<span title="Hopi-language text"><i lang="hop">huruskwapu</i></span>), and grey-blue (<span title="Hopi-language text"><i lang="hop">maasiqa'o</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The traditional Hopi blue corn varieties are extremely drought-tolerant, deep-rooted, and somewhat short plants, seldom exceeding 4 to 5&#160;ft (1.2 to 1.5&#160;m) in height. The Rio Grande pueblo blue corn varieties are taller, reaching 5 to 7&#160;ft (1.5 to 2.1&#160;m), higher yielding, and not as drought-tolerant as the Hopi varieties. Both varieties of blue corn prefer deep, sandy soils.<sup id="cite_ref-farming-conf_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-farming-conf-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other native varieties of blue corn include <i>Yoeme Blue</i>, a small kernel, short (3 to 4&#160;ft (0.91 to 1.22&#160;m)), bushy, and heat-tolerant low desert blue corn variety cultivated on the <a href="/wiki/Salt_River_Pima%E2%80%93Maricopa_Indian_Community" title="Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community">Salt River Pima Reservation</a> in Arizona, and the <a href="/wiki/Tarahumara" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarahumara">Tarahumara</a> northern Mexican variety <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Tarahumara Maiz Azul</i></span>, cultivated in the high deserts bordering the Sierra Madre in Northern Mexico. <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Tarahumara Maiz Azul</i></span> is widely used to make tortillas and tamales in Mexico, as well as <a href="/wiki/Tesg%C3%BCino" title="Tesgüino">tesgüino</a>, a Tarahumaran <a href="/wiki/Corn_beer" title="Corn beer">corn beer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-farming-conf_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-farming-conf-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a> heirloom variety of blue corn which originated from the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians is called <i>Cherokee White Eagle Corn</i> and is distributed to Cherokee tribal members from the Cherokee Nation Seed Bank. It is a tall variety, reaching 5 to 7&#160;ft (1.5 to 2.1&#160;m), and is high yielding.<sup id="cite_ref-Cherokee_Nation_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cherokee_Nation-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tortilla_protein_content">Tortilla protein content</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Tortilla protein content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_corn_tortillas_(35782101800).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg/220px-Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg/330px-Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg/440px-Blue_corn_tortillas_%2835782101800%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Handmade blue corn tortillas</figcaption></figure> <p>In 100 grams of blue corn tortilla (Sakwavikaviki), the <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> content is 7.8%,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> compared to 5.7% in yellow corn tortillas.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anthocyanins">Anthocyanins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Anthocyanins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Varieties of blue corn cultivated in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a> vary in their respective contents of anthocyanins, the <a href="/wiki/Polyphenol" title="Polyphenol">polyphenol</a> pigment giving the corn its unique color.<sup id="cite_ref-nankar_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nankar-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Anthocyanins having the highest contents are <a href="/wiki/Cyanidin_3-glucoside" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanidin 3-glucoside">cyanidin 3-glucoside</a> (most abundant), <a href="/wiki/Pelargonidin" title="Pelargonidin">pelargonidin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peonidin_3-glucoside" class="mw-redirect" title="Peonidin 3-glucoside">peonidin 3-glucoside</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nankar_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nankar-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food">Food</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Food"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aside from its use in traditional Southwestern dishes of tortillas and cereal, blue corn is used commercially in products such as blue corn chips and blue corn pancake mix.<sup id="cite_ref-johnson_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnson-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symbolic">Symbolic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Symbolic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hopi use corn in religious rituals, placing it in a framework of directional associations in which yellow corn is associated with the Northwest, blue corn with the Southwest, red corn with the Southeast, white corn with the Northeast, black corn with the Above, and all-colored corn with the Below.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Atole.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="blue corn atole porridge"><img alt="blue corn atole porridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Atole.jpg/322px-Atole.jpg" decoding="async" width="215" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Atole.jpg/483px-Atole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Atole.jpg/645px-Atole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1744" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">blue corn <a href="/wiki/Atole" title="Atole">atole</a> porridge</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco!_112.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tlacoyo, Mexican appetizer made of blue corn"><img alt="Tlacoyo, Mexican appetizer made of blue corn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG/180px-%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG/270px-%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG/360px-%C2%A1Viva_M%C3%A9xico_en_Xochimilco%21_112.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tlacoyo" title="Tlacoyo">Tlacoyo</a>, Mexican appetizer made of blue corn</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Blue corn quesadillas"><img alt="Blue corn quesadillas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg/360px-01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg/540px-01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg/720px-01_Blue_Corn_Quesadillas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Blue corn <a href="/wiki/Quesadilla" title="Quesadilla">quesadillas</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_dishes" title="List of maize dishes">List of maize dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_corn" title="Purple corn">Purple corn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_corn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSoleriCleaveland1993" class="citation journal cs1">Soleri, D; Cleaveland, D. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ethnobiology.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/JoE/13-2/SoleriCleveland.pdf">"Hopi Crop Diversity and Change"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Ethnobiology</i>. <b>13</b> (2). Society of Ethnobiology: <span class="nowrap">203–</span>231. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716100954/http://ethnobiology.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/JoE/13-2/SoleriCleveland.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2011-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnobiology&amp;rft.atitle=Hopi+Crop+Diversity+and+Change&amp;rft.volume=13&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E203-%3C%2Fspan%3E231&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.aulast=Soleri&amp;rft.aufirst=D&amp;rft.au=Cleaveland%2C+D.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fethnobiology.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdfs%2FJoE%2F13-2%2FSoleriCleveland.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+corn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-johnson-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-johnson_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-johnson_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-johnson_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-johnson_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnsonJha1993" class="citation cs2">Johnson, Duane L.; Jha, Mitra N. (1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1993/v2-228.html">"Blue Corn"</a>, in Janick, Jules; Simon, James E. (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/228"><i>New Crops</i></a>, New York: John Wiley &amp; Sons, pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/228">228–230</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-59374-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-59374-5"><bdi>0-471-59374-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-07-23</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Blue+Corn&amp;rft.btitle=New+Crops&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=228-230&amp;rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.isbn=0-471-59374-5&amp;rft.aulast=Johnson&amp;rft.aufirst=Duane+L.&amp;rft.au=Jha%2C+Mitra+N.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hort.purdue.edu%2Fnewcrop%2Fproceedings1993%2Fv2-228.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+corn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cherokee_About-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cherokee_About_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190217142549/https://webtest3.cherokee.org/SeedBank/Home/About">"About Us"</a>. <i>Cherokee Nation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webtest3.cherokee.org/SeedBank/Home/About">the original</a> on 2019-02-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Cherokee+Nation&amp;rft.atitle=About+Us&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebtest3.cherokee.org%2FSeedBank%2FHome%2FAbout&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+corn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKeeBarbara_Moseley1999" class="citation book cs1">McKee, Gwen; Barbara Moseley (1999). <i>Best of the Best from New Mexico Cookbook: Selected Recipes from New Mexico's Favorite Cookbooks</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Basic+nutrition+report+per+100+grams%3A+35239%2C+Tortilla%2C+blue+corn%2C+Sakwavikaviki+%28Hopi%29&amp;rft.pub=US+Department+of+Agriculture%2C+National+Nutrient+Database%3B+Standard+Reference+28&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fndb.nal.usda.gov%2Fndb%2Ffoods%2Fshow%2F8450&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+corn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171115235859/https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/5913">"Basic nutrition report per 100 grams: 18449, Tortillas, ready-to-bake or -fry, corn, without added salt"</a>. 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(1979), "Hopi World View", in <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Ortiz" title="Alfonso Ortiz">Ortiz, Alfonso</a> (ed.), <i>Handbook of North American Indians</i>, vol.&#160;9, Southwest, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, pp.&#160;<span class="nowrap">577–</span>580, <q>The Hopi cultural construction of space is a quadripartite one to which are added 'up' and 'down'.… From this middle place paths of cornmeal radiate outward to the six directions and various objects (including ears of corn,…) are added according to their position in the system of correspondences.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Hopi+World+View&amp;rft.btitle=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians&amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E577-%3C%2Fspan%3E580&amp;rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution&amp;rft.date=1979&amp;rft.aulast=Hieb&amp;rft.aufirst=Louis+A.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+corn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Maize_and_corn169" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Corn" title="Template:Corn"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Corn" title="Template talk:Corn"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Corn" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Corn"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Maize_and_corn169" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">Maize and corn</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amylomaize" title="Amylomaize">Amylomaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_corn" title="Baby corn">Baby</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dent_corn" title="Dent corn">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_corn" title="Field corn">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_corn" title="Flint corn">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_corn" title="Flour corn">Flour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_maize" title="Genetically modified maize">Genetically modified</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_varieties_of_genetically_modified_maize" title="List of varieties of genetically modified maize">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MON_810" title="MON 810">MON 810</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MON_863" title="MON 863">MON 863</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_corn" title="Purple corn">Purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_Protein_Maize" title="Quality Protein Maize">Quality Protein Maize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoepeg_corn" title="Shoepeg corn">Shoepeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_corn" title="Sweet corn">Sweet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sweetcorn_varieties" title="List of sweetcorn varieties">Varieties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxy_corn" title="Waxy corn">Waxy</a></li> <li>By origin <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia_maize_varieties" title="Bolivia maize varieties">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador_maize_varieties" title="Ecuador maize varieties">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Italian_maize_varieties" title="Traditional Italian maize varieties">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_corn" title="Peruvian corn">Peru</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corncob" title="Corncob">Cob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_kernel" title="Corn kernel">Kernel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_stover" title="Corn stover">Stover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_construction" title="Corn construction">Corn construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_milling" title="Maize milling">Maize milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixtamalization" title="Nixtamalization">Nixtamalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_wet-milling" title="Corn wet-milling">Wet-milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcorn_maker" title="Popcorn maker">Popcorn maker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_diseases" title="List of maize diseases">Pathology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBCH-scale_(maize)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBCH-scale (maize)">BBCH-scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_allergy" title="Corn allergy">Corn allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_smut" title="Corn smut">Corn smut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_streak_virus" title="Maize streak virus">Maize streak virus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Maize_production" title="Category:Maize production">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_crib" title="Corn crib">Corn crib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornstalk_fiddle" title="Cornstalk fiddle">Cornstalk fiddle</a></li> <li>By country <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_production_in_the_United_States" title="Corn production in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_production_in_Tanzania" title="Maize production in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_corn_production_statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="International corn production statistics">International corn production statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popcorn_brands" title="List of popcorn brands">List of popcorn brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Sisters_(agriculture)" title="Three Sisters (agriculture)">Three Sisters (agriculture)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Palace" title="Corn Palace">Corn Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_School" title="Corn School">Corn School</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Field_of_Corn" title="Field of Corn">Field of Corn</a></i> (1994 sculpture)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cornbread_Festival" title="National Cornbread Festival">National Cornbread Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Corn_Festival" title="Sweet Corn Festival">Sweet Corn Festival</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zea_(film)" title="Zea (film)">Zea</a></i> (film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_dishes" title="List of maize dishes">Maize dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornmeal" title="Cornmeal">Cornmeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mielie-meal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mielie-meal">Mielie-meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_oil" title="Corn oil">Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samp" title="Samp">Samp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_starch" title="Corn starch">Starch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_steep_liquor" title="Corn steep liquor">Steep liquor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_syrup" title="Corn syrup">Syrup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glucose_syrup" title="Glucose syrup">Glucose syrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-fructose_corn_syrup" title="High-fructose corn syrup">High-fructose</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_perception_of_high-fructose_corn_syrup" title="Public perception of high-fructose corn syrup">Public perception</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-maltose_corn_syrup" title="High-maltose corn syrup">High-maltose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Soups, stews, <br />and porridge</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banku_(dish)" title="Banku (dish)">Banku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binte_biluhuta" title="Binte biluhuta">Binte biluhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulz_(food)" title="Bulz (food)">Bulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocolo%C8%99i" title="Cocoloși">Cocoloși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_chowder" title="Corn chowder">Corn chowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_crab_soup" title="Corn crab soup">Corn crab soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_pudding" title="Corn pudding">Corn pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_soup" title="Corn soup">Corn soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_stew" title="Corn stew">Corn stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cou-cou" title="Cou-cou">Cou-cou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creamed_corn" title="Creamed corn">Creamed corn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">Fufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginataang_mais" title="Ginataang mais">Ginataang mais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grits" title="Grits">Grits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasty_pudding" title="Hasty pudding">Hasty pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%8Damak" title="Kačamak">Kačamak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83m%C4%83lig%C4%83" title="Mămăligă">Mămăligă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83m%C4%83lig%C4%83_%C3%AEn_p%C4%83turi" title="Mămăligă în pături">Mămăligă în pături</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mush_(cornmeal)" title="Mush (cornmeal)">Mush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashofa" title="Pashofa">Pashofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polenta" title="Polenta">Polenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozole" title="Pozole">Pozole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamite" title="Sagamite">Sagamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suam_na_mais" title="Suam na mais">Suam na mais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugali" title="Ugali">Ugali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xar%C3%A9m" title="Xarém">Xarém</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Tamales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aca%C3%A7%C3%A1" title="Acaçá">Acaçá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamale" title="Tamale">Tamale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binaki" title="Binaki">Binaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanime" title="Guanime">Guanime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallaca" title="Hallaca">Hallaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humita" title="Humita">Humita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacatamal" title="Nacatamal">Nacatamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamonha" title="Pamonha">Pamonha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasteles" title="Pasteles">Pasteles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Breads and cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arepa" title="Arepa">Arepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollo" title="Bollo">Bollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broa" title="Broa">Broa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachapa" title="Cachapa">Cachapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipa_guasu" title="Chipa guasu">Chipa guasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread">Cornbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_cookie" title="Corn cookie">Corn cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_tortilla" title="Corn tortilla">Corn tortilla</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tortilla-based_dishes" title="List of tortilla-based dishes">List of tortilla-based dishes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnycake" title="Johnnycake">Johnnycake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makki_ki_roti" title="Makki ki roti">Makki ki roti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_choclo" title="Pastel de choclo">Pastel de choclo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piki" title="Piki">Piki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proja" title="Proja">Proja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pupusa" title="Pupusa">Pupusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloosh" title="Sloosh">Sloosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sope_(food)" title="Sope (food)">Sope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopa_paraguaya" title="Sopa paraguaya">Sopa paraguaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoonbread" title="Spoonbread">Spoonbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talo_(food)" title="Talo (food)">Talo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla" title="Tortilla">Tortilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totopo" title="Totopo">Totopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wotou" title="Wotou">Wotou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Fried dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battered_sausage" title="Battered sausage">Battered sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_chip" title="Corn chip">Corn chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_dog" title="Corn dog">Corn dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_fritter" title="Corn fritter">Corn fritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_nut" title="Corn nut">Corn nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornick_(food)" title="Cornick (food)">Cornick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_schnitzel" title="Corn schnitzel">Corn schnitzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hushpuppy" title="Hushpuppy">Hushpuppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milho_frito" title="Milho frito">Milho frito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachos" title="Nachos">Nachos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorullos" title="Sorullos">Sorullos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tostada_(tortilla)" title="Tostada (tortilla)">Tostada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla_chip" title="Tortilla chip">Tortilla chip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other foods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alivenci" title="Alivenci">Alivenci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binatog" title="Binatog">Binatog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conkie" title="Conkie">Conkies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_flakes" title="Corn flakes">Corn flakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_on_the_cob" title="Corn on the cob">Corn on the cob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_relish" title="Corn relish">Corn relish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_sauce" title="Corn sauce">Corn sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofio" title="Gofio">Gofio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hominy" title="Hominy">Hominy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_smut#Culinary_uses" title="Corn smut">Huitlacoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenkey" title="Kenkey">Kenkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuymak" title="Kuymak">Kuymak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%ADz_con_hielo" title="Maíz con hielo">Maíz con hielo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maja_blanca" title="Maja blanca">Maja maíz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maque_choux" title="Maque choux">Maque choux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mote_(food)" title="Mote (food)">Mote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinole" title="Pinole">Pinole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcorn" title="Popcorn">Popcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succotash" title="Succotash">Succotash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atole" title="Atole">Atole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_whiskey" title="Bourbon whiskey">Bourbon whiskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauim" title="Cauim">Cauim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champurrado" title="Champurrado">Champurrado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha" title="Chicha">Chicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha_de_jora" title="Chicha de jora">Chicha de jora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha_morada" title="Chicha morada">Chicha morada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colada_morada" title="Colada morada">Colada morada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_beer" title="Corn beer">Corn beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_tea" title="Corn tea">Corn tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_whiskey" title="Corn whiskey">Corn whiskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazamorra" title="Mazamorra">Mazamorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinolillo" title="Pinolillo">Pinolillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozol" title="Pozol">Pozol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejate" title="Tejate">Tejate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejuino" title="Tejuino">Tejuino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesg%C3%BCino" title="Tesgüino">Tesgüino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7c99945f4b‐sp597 Cached time: 20250213184932 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.500 seconds Real time usage: 0.586 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1336/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 64529/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 342/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 73279/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.350/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16170366/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities 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