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</div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>鉄器時代</b>（てっきじだい）は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="デンマーク">デンマーク</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="クリスチャン・トムセン">クリスチャン・トムセン</a>が提唱した歴史区分法の1つ。主に利用されていた道具の材料で時代を、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="石器時代">石器時代</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅器時代">青銅器時代</a>、鉄器時代と3つに区分する三時代（時期）法を採用し、鉄器時代はその中の最後の時代に相当する。</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg/150px-Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg/225px-Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg/300px-Gundestrup_cauldron_-_F.I.4277.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1660" data-file-height="1191"></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E9%87%9C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="グンデストルップの大釜">鉄器時代のケルトの銀器 (グンデストルブの大鍋)</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89%E9%94%99%E9%93%B6%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E7%8E%AF%E9%A6%96%E5%88%80.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89%E9%94%99%E9%93%B6%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E7%8E%AF%E9%A6%96%E5%88%80.jpg/320px-%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89%E9%94%99%E9%93%B6%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E7%8E%AF%E9%A6%96%E5%88%80.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%25B1%2589%25E9%2594%2599%25E9%2593%25B6%25E9%259D%2592%25E9%2593%259C%25E7%258E%25AF%25E9%25A6%2596%25E5%2588%2580.jpg/480px-%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%25B1%2589%25E9%2594%2599%25E9%2593%25B6%25E9%259D%2592%25E9%2593%259C%25E7%258E%25AF%25E9%25A6%2596%25E5%2588%2580.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%25B1%2589%25E9%2594%2599%25E9%2593%25B6%25E9%259D%2592%25E9%2593%259C%25E7%258E%25AF%25E9%25A6%2596%25E5%2588%2580.jpg/640px-%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%25B1%2589%25E9%2594%2599%25E9%2593%25B6%25E9%259D%2592%25E9%2593%259C%25E7%258E%25AF%25E9%25A6%2596%25E5%2588%2580.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4861" data-file-height="1355"></a> <figcaption> 鉄で作られた<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中国">中国</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="漢代">漢代</a>の刀（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E9%A6%96%E5%88%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="環首刀">環首刀</a>）、激しく<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8C%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="錆">腐朽</a>している </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ja" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">目次</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">定義</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%89%84%E3%81%AE%E7%B2%BE%E8%A3%BD%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">鉄の精製技術</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E3%81%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B4"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">鉄器時代の特徴</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E3%81%AE%E7%99%BA%E6%98%8E%E3%81%A8%E4%BC%9D%E6%92%AD"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">鉄器の発明と伝播</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">日本の鉄器時代</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%AA%E3%82%8C%E3%81%AA%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">鉄器時代の訪れなかった地域</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%86"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">時代区分</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">脚注</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">外部リンク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="定義"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9"></span>定義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 定義" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>鉄器時代の定義としては、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅">青銅</a>を利用した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅器">青銅器</a>の代わりに<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鉄">鉄</a>を利用した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鉄器">鉄器</a>が主要な道具として使われている事が条件となっている。</p> <p>この分類法は先ヨーロッパ史を前提にして提唱されている。ヨーロッパ、中東、インド、中国などの地域では時代区分することが可能だが、例えば日本やサハラ以南アフリカにおいては青銅器と鉄器が同時に伝わり、石器時代から青銅器時代を飛び越えていきなり鉄器時代に入るため、全世界的に万能な区分法とは言えない。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="鉄の精製技術"><span id=".E9.89.84.E3.81.AE.E7.B2.BE.E8.A3.BD.E6.8A.80.E8.A1.93"></span>鉄の精製技術</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 鉄の精製技術" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>初期の製鉄は炉内に木炭と鉱石を層状に装入して<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9E%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鞴">鞴</a>（ふいご）で空気を送って燃焼させ、一酸化炭素が鉄と結合している酸素を奪って二酸化炭素となり金属鉄になる。この化学反応に必要な温度は400から800度ほどで、温度が低ければ固体のまま還元されて酸素を失った孔だらけの海綿状の鉄になり、硬いものの上で赤熱のまま打ち叩いて不純物を絞り出し、鉄原子どうしをくっつけ直すことで純粋な鉄にすることができる。これが「鍛える」という操作である。更に炭に包んで炭素分を加えて鍛えることで「<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8B%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鋼">鋼</a>」が精製できる。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="鉄器時代の特徴"><span id=".E9.89.84.E5.99.A8.E6.99.82.E4.BB.A3.E3.81.AE.E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B4"></span>鉄器時代の特徴</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 鉄器時代の特徴" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>鉄器の原料となる<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E9%89%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="砂鉄">砂鉄</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E9%89%B1%E7%9F%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鉄鉱石">鉄鉱石</a>などは青銅器の原料である銅鉱石やスズ鉱石にくらべて偏在が少なく、世界の多くの地域において容易に入手が可能なものであった。このため、鉄器製造が可能になると世界各地でその土地の原料によって製鉄が試みられるようになり、金属器の増産をもたらした。また鉄は加工が容易なうえに強度が強く、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="武器">武器</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E5%85%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="農具">農具</a>などの原料として適していたため、製法が伝わった地域においてはどこも<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅">青銅</a>に代わって鉄を金属器の中心に据えるようになった。（ただし青銅も全く使われなくなったわけではなく、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅器">青銅器</a>は祭器や装飾品などに使用されるようになったとの見解もある。）</p> <p>鉄の農具や武器が量産されるようになると、農作物などの生産量が増大して富の蓄積が一層進み、また各地の王がより強力な軍事力を保持するようになっていった。やがて蓄積された富と武力は周辺地域の統合へと向かい、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オリエント">オリエント</a>においては初の統一帝国である<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B1%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E6%9C%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アケメネス朝">アケメネス朝</a>ペルシア帝国が成立し、インドにおいても<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="十六大国">十六大国</a>などの王朝群が成立したのちそのうちのひとつである<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AC%E3%83%80%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="マガダ国">マガダ国</a>が強大化して<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4%E6%9C%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="マウリヤ朝">マウリヤ朝</a>によって統一され、中国においても春秋戦国時代を経て<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A7%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="秦">秦</a>王朝による中国統一が成し遂げられ、それに続く<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%BC%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="漢">漢</a>王朝（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E6%BC%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="前漢">前漢</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="後漢">後漢</a>）によって中国の統一状態が固定化されるなど、各地で強大な統一王朝が成立するようになった。また、これら先進地帯においては社会の複雑化が進んだため、思想体系の確立も進み、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="哲学史">哲学史</a>的に「<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9E%A2%E8%BB%B8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="枢軸時代">枢軸時代</a>」と呼ばれる、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D500%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前500年">紀元前500年</a>ごろの世界同時の思想的一大変動が起きることとなった。このほか、青銅器時代においては国家を形成していなかったヨーロッパや<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中央アジア">中央アジア</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_(%E6%A4%8D%E7%94%9F)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ステップ (植生)">ステップ</a>地帯、サハラ以南アフリカや日本などにおいても、鉄器の普及による富の増大と偏在は権力の集中を促し、国家が成立していくようになった。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="鉄器の発明と伝播"><span id=".E9.89.84.E5.99.A8.E3.81.AE.E7.99.BA.E6.98.8E.E3.81.A8.E4.BC.9D.E6.92.AD"></span>鉄器の発明と伝播</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 鉄器の発明と伝播" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>鉄の利用は鉄器時代の開幕よりもはるかに古く、紀元前3000年ごろにはすでにメソポタミアで鉄は知られており、<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="アフリカにおける冶金 (存在しないページ)">アフリカにおける冶金</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_metallurgy_in_Africa" class="extiw" title="en:Iron metallurgy in Africa">英語版</a>）</span></span>も紀元前3000年から紀元前2500年の頃に遡ると言われる。ただしもっとも初期には<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%9E%8D%E7%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="融点">融点</a>が高いために<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E9%89%B1%E7%9F%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鉄鉱石">鉄鉱石</a>から鉄を精錬することはできず、もっぱら<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9A%95%E9%89%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="隕鉄">隕鉄</a>を鉄の材料としていた。その後、エジプトなどでも出土例がみられるが、精錬の難しさや隕鉄の希少性などから利用は多くなく、武器や農具としての利用は青銅を主としていた。</p> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r86009555">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .fix-domain{border-bottom:dashed 1px}}</style><span class="fix-domain" title="既にヒッタイトが独占的に製鉄していたことは否定されつつあり、かつ既に「ヒッタイト」の記事内容と乖離が起きているため。（2024年3月）">最初の鉄器文化は紀元前15世紀ごろにあらわれた<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%83%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヒッタイト">ヒッタイト</a>とされている。ヒッタイトの存在した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8A%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="アナトリア">アナトリア</a>高原においては鉄鉱石からの製鉄法がすでに開発されていたが、ヒッタイトは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D1400%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="紀元前1400年">紀元前1400年</a>ごろに<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%82%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="炭">炭</a>を使って鉄を<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8D%9B%E9%80%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鍛造">鍛造</a>することによって<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8B%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鋼">鋼</a>を開発し<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、鉄を主力とした最初の文化を作り上げた。ヒッタイトはその高度な製鉄技術を強力な武器にし、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オリエント">オリエント</a>の強国としてエジプトなどと対峙する大国となった。その鉄の製法は国家機密として厳重に秘匿されており、周辺民族に伝わる事が無かった。しかし<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%89%8D1200%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%AE%E3%82%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="前1200年のカタストロフ">前1200年のカタストロフ</a>が起き、ヒッタイトが<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D11%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前11世紀">紀元前1190年</a>頃に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E3%81%AE%E6%B0%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="海の民">海の民</a>の襲撃により滅亡するとその製鉄の秘密は周辺民族に知れ渡る事になり、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B8%E3%83%97%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エジプト">エジプト</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BD%E3%83%9D%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="メソポタミア">メソポタミア</a>地方で鉄器時代が始まる事になる。カタストロフによってオリエントの主要勢力はほぼ滅亡するが、その後勃興した、あるいは生き残った諸国はすべて鉄器製造技術を備えていた。同様のことは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B2%E6%B5%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エーゲ海">エーゲ海</a>地方においても起きた。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D1200%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="紀元前1200年">紀元前1200年</a>ごろに<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ギリシア">ギリシア</a>の北方から製鉄技術を持つ<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ドーリア人">ドーリア人</a>が侵入し、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ミケーネ文明">ミケーネ文明</a>の諸都市やその構成員であった<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アイオリス人">アイオリス人</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イオニア人">イオニア人</a>を駆逐しながらギリシアへと定住した。この時代は文字による資料が失われていることから<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E9%BB%92%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="暗黒時代 (古代ギリシア)">暗黒時代</a>と呼ばれるが、一方でアイオリス人やイオニア人を含む全ギリシアに鉄器製造技術が伝播したのもこの時代のことである。</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template nowrap">[<i><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%BC%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E6%80%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:検証可能性"><span title="既にヒッタイトが独占的に製鉄していたことは否定されつつあり、かつ既に「ヒッタイト」の記事内容と乖離が起きているため。（2024年3月）">要検証</span></a><span class="metadata"> – <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ノート:鉄器時代 (存在しないページ)">ノート</a></span></i>]</sup></p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png/280px-East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="324" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="784"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 280px;height: 324px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png/280px-East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png" data-width="280" data-height="324" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png/420px-East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png/560px-East_and_southern_africa_early_iron_age.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> 東アフリカと南アフリカにおける初期鉄器時代の時期 </figcaption> </figure> <p>いったん拡散が開始されると、製鉄技術はかなりの速度で旧大陸の各地に伝播していった。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アフリカ">アフリカ</a>においては、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D5%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前5世紀">紀元前5世紀</a>ごろには<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ナイジェリア">ナイジェリア</a>中央部のジョス高原に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%82%AF%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ノク文化">ノク文化</a>が成立したが、この文化は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E9%89%B1%E7%82%89?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="溶鉱炉">溶鉱炉</a>による鉄の精練を行っており、また、高炉より以前からあった紀元前7世紀から紀元前6世紀の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E7%82%89&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ブルマリー炉 (存在しないページ)">ブルマリー炉</a>（<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomery" class="extiw" title="en:Bloomery">Bloomery</a>）も発見されている。また同時期、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="スーダン">スーダン</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="メロエ">メロエ</a>においても大量の製鉄が行われていた。このアフリカへの製鉄の伝播ルートとしては、メロエからアフリカ全土へと製鉄法が伝えられたという説と、メロエと<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="西アフリカ">西アフリカ</a>に同時期に別ルートで製鉄法が伝えられ、それが伝播していったとの説、それに西アフリカで独自に製鉄法が開発されたとの説がある<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。かつては第一の説が有力であったが、西アフリカにおける製鉄開始の年代がかなり古いと考えられることや、メロエと西アフリカの製鉄法がまったく異なることから現在では有力説とは言えない。また、サハラ以南アフリカにおいては<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅器">青銅器</a>は鉄器とともに拡散しており、単独の青銅器時代がなく石器時代から直接鉄器時代に移行したのも特色である。また、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D1500%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="紀元前1500年">紀元前1500年</a>ごろから急速な移動と拡大を続けていた<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E7%B3%BB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="バントゥー系民族">バントゥー系民族</a>にも鉄器製造技術は受容され、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D3%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前3世紀">紀元前3世紀</a>ごろには<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E6%B9%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヴィクトリア湖">ヴィクトリア湖</a>畔に達した<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。この地域はバントゥー系民族の第二次拡散の中心地であり、ここから<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="東アフリカ">東アフリカ</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中部アフリカ">中部アフリカ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="南部アフリカ">南部アフリカ</a>へと鉄器文明は急速に拡大した。</p> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a>においては、地中海沿岸の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イタリア半島">イタリア半島</a>中部には<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D1100%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="紀元前1100年">紀元前1100年</a>ごろからヴィラ・ノーヴァ文化が栄え、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D750%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前750年">紀元前750年</a>ごろからこの文化が都市を形成して<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エトルリア">エトルリア</a>の諸都市が成立した。中央ヨーロッパにおいては青銅器文明後期の段階にあった<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%82%BF%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ハルシュタット文化">ハルシュタット文化</a>が<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D800%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前800年">紀元前800年</a>ごろに鉄器を受け入れ、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D450%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前450年">紀元前450年</a>ごろからはかわって<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ラ・テーヌ文化">ラ・テーヌ文化</a>が栄えるようになった。インドにおいての鉄器時代は古く、紀元前1200年ごろには開始されたと考えられている。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウクライナ">ウクライナ</a>から<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中央アジア">中央アジア</a>の草原地帯においては紀元前800年ごろから<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="スキタイ">スキタイ</a>が勢力を持つようになるが、スキタイは鉄器技術を持っていた。</p> <p>中国においては、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%AE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="殷">殷</a>代の遺跡において既に鉄器が発見されているものの、これはシュメールなどと同じくそれほど利用されていたわけではなく、主に使用されていたのはあくまでも青銅器であった。本格的に製鉄が開始されたのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="春秋時代">春秋時代</a>中期にあたる<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D600%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="紀元前600年">紀元前600年</a>ごろであり、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%88%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="戦国時代 (中国)">戦国時代</a>になって鉄製の武器も使われるようになった。</p> <p>一方の東アジア北部では中国よりも早くに鉄器が伝わり、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B2%BF%E6%B5%B7%E5%B7%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="沿海州">沿海州</a>では紀元前1000年頃に鉄器時代を迎えている。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="日本の鉄器時代"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E3.81.AE.E9.89.84.E5.99.A8.E6.99.82.E4.BB.A3"></span>日本の鉄器時代</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 日本の鉄器時代" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="rellink" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 2em; font-size: 90%;" role="note"> →「<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鉄器">鉄器</a>」も参照 </div> <p>日本で発掘された最も古い鉄器は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B8%84%E6%96%87%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="縄文時代">弥生時代</a>初期（紀元前10世紀頃）のものとされ、福岡県糸島市二丈町の石崎曲がり田遺跡で出土した鋳造板状鉄器である<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。石崎曲がり田遺跡は1979年の発掘調査により、稲作の始まりを裏付ける土器群や石器、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%AB%AA%E7%A9%B4%E5%BB%BA%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="竪穴建物">竪穴建物</a>、支石墓、甕棺墓などが発掘され、従来考えられていたよりもさらに古い時期から我が国で鉄器が使用されていた可能性が高くなっている。</p> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:186px"> <table style="background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; width:186px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_(%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている"> <noscript> <img alt="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/8/87/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/90px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="228" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2263" data-file-height="5723"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 228px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/8/87/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/90px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG" data-alt="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている" data-width="90" data-height="228" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/8/87/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/135px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/8/87/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/180px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; width: 2px"></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_(%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている"> <noscript> <img alt="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/e/e1/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/90px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="227" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2135" data-file-height="5383"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 227px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/e/e1/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/90px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG" data-alt="埼玉県行田市の稲荷山古墳から出土した稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣（国宝）埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館展示。左は表面、右は裏面。471年製造と考えられている" data-width="90" data-height="227" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/e/e1/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/135px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/thumb/e/e1/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG/180px-%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3_%28%E8%A3%8F%E9%9D%A2%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3"> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%9F%BC%E7%8E%89%E7%9C%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="埼玉県">埼玉県</a><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%94%B0%E5%B8%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="行田市">行田市</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3_(%E8%A1%8C%E7%94%B0%E5%B8%82)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="稲荷山古墳 (行田市)">稲荷山古墳</a>から出土した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A8%B2%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E5%87%BA%E5%9C%9F%E9%89%84%E5%89%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣">稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣</a>（国宝） </div><small><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%9F%BC%E7%8E%89%E7%9C%8C%E7%AB%8B%E3%81%95%E3%81%8D%E3%81%9F%E3%81%BE%E5%8F%B2%E8%B7%A1%E3%81%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館">埼玉県立さきたま史跡の博物館</a>展示。左は表面、右は裏面。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/471%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="471年">471年</a>製造と考えられている</small> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <p>日本は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E7%94%9F%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="弥生時代">弥生時代</a>に青銅器と鉄器がほぼ同時に流入しており、 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r86009555"><span class="fix-domain" title="出典とされる「魏書」の該当箇所に、そのような記載はありません。（2024年3月）">『魏志(｢魏書｣第30巻烏丸鮮卑東夷伝倭人条)』などによればその材料や器具はもっぱら輸入に頼っており</span><sup class="noprint Template-Fact">[<i><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%80%8C%E8%A6%81%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%80%8D%E3%82%92%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%81%95%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E6%96%B9%E3%81%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:「要出典」をクリックされた方へ"><span title="出典とされる「魏書」の該当箇所に、そのような記載はありません。（2024年3月）">要出典</span></a></i>]</sup>、日本で純粋に砂鉄・鉄鉱石から鉄器を製造出来るようになったのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%81%9F%E3%81%9F%E3%82%89%E8%A3%BD%E9%89%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="たたら製鉄">たたら製鉄</a>の原型となる製鉄技術が朝鮮半島から伝来し、確立した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/6%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="6世紀">6世紀</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%A2%B3%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="古墳時代">古墳時代</a>に入ってからとの考えが一般的であった。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%BD%E9%89%84%E9%81%BA%E8%B7%A1&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="製鉄遺跡 (存在しないページ)">製鉄遺跡</a>は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中国地方">中国地方</a>を中心に北九州から<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E7%95%BF%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="近畿地方">近畿地方</a>にかけて存在する。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="7世紀">7世紀</a>以降は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%96%A2%E6%9D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="関東地方">関東地方</a>から<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="東北地方">東北地方</a>にまで普及する。日本においては鉄器と青銅器がほぼ同時に伝来したため、耐久性や鋭利さに劣る青銅器は祭器としての利用が主となり、鉄器はもっぱら農具や武器といった実用の道具に使用されることとなった。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="鉄器時代の訪れなかった地域"><span id=".E9.89.84.E5.99.A8.E6.99.82.E4.BB.A3.E3.81.AE.E8.A8.AA.E3.82.8C.E3.81.AA.E3.81.8B.E3.81.A3.E3.81.9F.E5.9C.B0.E5.9F.9F"></span>鉄器時代の訪れなかった地域</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 鉄器時代の訪れなかった地域" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>鉄器は旧大陸のオリエント地域で出現し、そこから世界各地へと伝播していったため、この地域と接触のない文化においては鉄器製造技術は伝播せず、鉄器時代を迎えることはなかった。代表的な無鉄器文明としては、新大陸のすべての文明が挙げられる。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%AB%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="アステカ帝国">アステカ帝国</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A4%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="マヤ文明">マヤ文明</a>に代表される<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="メソアメリカ">メソアメリカ</a>文明も、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="インカ帝国">インカ帝国</a>に代表されるアンデス文明も、青銅器の利用すら装飾品としての利用にとどまり、金属加工レベルとしては<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E4%BD%B5%E7%94%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="金石併用時代">金石併用時代</a>にとどまっていて、製鉄技術を開発することはなかった<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。南北アメリカ大陸に鉄器が到達するのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/15%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="15世紀">15世紀</a>末のヨーロッパ人の大西洋横断を待たねばならず、その後も両文明は滅亡まで鉄器製造技術を手に入れることはなかった。鉄器を装備した<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="スペイン人">スペイン人</a>の一隊によって両文明が滅ぼされたのち、やってきたヨーロッパからの植民者たちによってはじめて新大陸に鉄器は普及することとなった。また、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="太平洋">太平洋</a>に広がった<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ポリネシア人">ポリネシア人</a>の文明も、小島嶼群という地域特性上、鉄鉱石の鉱脈がほぼ存在しなかったために金属を手に入れることができず、ヨーロッパ人との接触まで新石器時代の技術レベルにとどまった<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="時代区分"><span id=".E6.99.82.E4.BB.A3.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.86"></span>時代区分</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 時代区分" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="石器時代">石器時代</a> -　（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="銅器時代">銅器時代</a>・金石併用時代）- <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青銅器時代">青銅器時代</a> - <b>鉄器時代</b></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 脚注" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="reflist" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -moz-column-width: 20em; -webkit-column-width: 20em; column-width: 20em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「文明の誕生」p128-129　小林登志子　中公新書　2015年6月25日発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新書アフリカ史」第8版（宮本正興・松田素二編）、2003年2月20日（講談社現代新書）p126</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新書アフリカ史」第8版（宮本正興・松田素二編）、2003年2月20日（講談社現代新書）p60</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">藤尾慎一郎. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tetsutohagane1955/91/1/91_1_11/_pdf">AMS-炭素14年代測定法が明らかにした日本の鉄の歴史</a>”. <span title="">2022年5月23日</span>閲覧。</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「マヤ文明　密林に栄えた石器文化」p21　青山和夫　岩波新書　2012年4月20日第1刷</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「オセアニアを知る事典」平凡社　p269　1990年8月21日初版第1刷 </span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="外部リンク"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E3.83.AA.E3.83.B3.E3.82.AF"></span>外部リンク</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 外部リンク" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li>『<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kotobank.jp/word/%25E9%2589%2584%25E5%2599%25A8%25E6%2599%2582%25E4%25BB%25A3">鉄器時代</a>』 - <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コトバンク">コトバンク</a></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> 「<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%26oldid%3D101971821">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=鉄器時代&oldid=101971821</a>」から取得 </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E9%89%84%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Anaka Satamiya" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1727245380"> <span>最終更新: 2024年9月25日 (水) 06:23</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>言語</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ystertydperk" title="アフリカーンス語: Ystertydperk" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ystertydperk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="アフリカーンス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenzeit" title="スイスドイツ語: Eisenzeit" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Eisenzeit" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="スイスドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258B%25A8%25E1%2589%25A5%25E1%2588%25A8%25E1%2589%25B5_%25E1%258B%2598%25E1%2588%2598%25E1%258A%2595" title="アムハラ語: የብረት ዘመን" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የብረት ዘመን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="アムハラ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edat_de_Fierro" title="アラゴン語: Edat de Fierro" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Edat de Fierro" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="アラゴン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AD%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A" title="アラビア語: العصر الحديدي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الحديدي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25AD%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF%25D9%2589" title="エジプト・アラビア語: عصر حديدى" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عصر حديدى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="エジプト・アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258C%25E0%25A6%25B9_%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2597" title="アッサム語: লৌহ যুগ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লৌহ যুগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="アッサム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%25C3%25A1_del_fierro" title="アストゥリアス語: Edá del fierro" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Edá del fierro" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="アストゥリアス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azilugal" title="コタヴァ: Azilugal" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Azilugal" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="コタヴァ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C9%2599mir_d%25C3%25B6vr%25C3%25BC" title="アゼルバイジャン語: Dəmir dövrü" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəmir dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="アゼルバイジャン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A4%25D9%2586%25D9%2585%25DB%258C" title="South Azerbaijani: دمیر دؤنمی" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دمیر دؤنمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D1%2583%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="バシキール語: Тимер быуат" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тимер быуат" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="バシキール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%25C5%25BE%25C4%2597is_om%25C5%25BEios" title="サモギティア語: Gelžėis omžios" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gelžėis omžios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="サモギティア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B_%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="ベラルーシ語: Жалезны век" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жалезны век" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ベラルーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B_%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography): Жалезны век" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жалезны век" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0" title="ブルガリア語: Желязна епоха" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Желязна епоха" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ブルガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Besi" title="バンジャル語: Zaman Besi" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Zaman Besi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="バンジャル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2582%258F%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA" title="Pa'O: ပသီႏခေတ်" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပသီႏခေတ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258C%25E0%25A6%25B9_%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2597" title="ベンガル語: লৌহ যুগ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লৌহ যুগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ベンガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BE%2595%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2586%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BE%25A4%25E0%25BE%25B1%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2594%25E0%25BD%25A0%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258D" title="チベット語: ལྕགས་ཆས་སྤྱོད་པའི་དུས་རབས།" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལྕགས་ཆས་སྤྱོད་པའི་དུས་རབས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="チベット語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oadvezh_an_houarn" title="ブルトン語: Oadvezh an houarn" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Oadvezh an houarn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ブルトン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDeljezno_doba" title="ボスニア語: Željezno doba" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Željezno doba" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ボスニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edat_del_ferro" title="カタロニア語: Edat del ferro" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Edat del ferro" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%258C%25D1%2587%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BE%25D1%258C%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="チェチェン語: Аьчка оьмар" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аьчка оьмар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="チェチェン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25DB%2595%25D9%2585%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A6%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2586" title="中央クルド語: سەردەمی ئاسن" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەردەمی ئاسن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中央クルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demir_devri" title="クリミア・タタール語: Demir devri" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Demir devri" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="クリミア・タタール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doba_%25C5%25BEelezn%25C3%25A1" title="チェコ語: Doba železná" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Doba železná" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ep%25C3%25B2ka_%25C5%25BCelaz%25C5%2582a" title="カシューブ語: Epòka żelazła" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Epòka żelazła" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="カシューブ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25C4%2595%25D1%2580_%25C4%2595%25D0%25BC%25C4%2595%25D1%2580%25C4%2595" title="チュヴァシ語: Тимĕр ĕмĕрĕ" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тимĕр ĕмĕрĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="チュヴァシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oes_yr_Haearn" title="ウェールズ語: Oes yr Haearn" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oes yr Haearn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ウェールズ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jernalder" title="デンマーク語: Jernalder" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jernalder" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="デンマーク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenzeit" title="ドイツ語: Eisenzeit" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eisenzeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wext%25C3%25AA_As%25C4%25B1ni" title="ザザキ語: Wextê Asıni" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wextê Asıni" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="ザザキ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CF%2580%25CE%25BF%25CF%2587%25CE%25AE_%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585_%25CE%25A3%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B4%25CE%25AE%25CF%2581%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585" title="ギリシャ語: Εποχή του Σιδήρου" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εποχή του Σιδήρου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ギリシャ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A8_dal_f%25C3%25A8r" title="エミリア・ロマーニャ語: Etè dal fèr" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Etè dal fèr" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="エミリア・ロマーニャ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Age" title="英語: Iron Age" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Iron Age" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferepoko" title="エスペラント語: Ferepoko" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ferepoko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edad_del_Hierro" title="スペイン語: Edad del Hierro" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Edad del Hierro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauaaeg" title="エストニア語: Rauaaeg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rauaaeg" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdin_Aroa" title="バスク語: Burdin Aroa" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Burdin Aroa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="バスク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25A2%25D9%2587%25D9%2586" title="ペルシア語: عصر آهن" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عصر آهن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautakausi" title="フィンランド語: Rautakausi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rautakausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravvaaig" title="ヴォロ語: Ravvaaig" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ravvaaig" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="ヴォロ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2582ge_du_fer" title="フランス語: Âge du fer" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Âge du fer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iisentidj" title="北フリジア語: Iisentidj" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Iisentidj" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北フリジア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izertiid" title="西フリジア語: Izertiid" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Izertiid" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西フリジア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Iarannaois" title="アイルランド語: An Iarannaois" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Iarannaois" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="アイルランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2590%25B5%25E5%2599%25A8%25E6%2599%2582%25E4%25BB%25A3" title="贛語: 鐵器時代" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鐵器時代" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laj_di_fer" title="Guianan Creole: Laj di fer" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Laj di fer" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idade_de_Ferro" title="ガリシア語: Idade de Ferro" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Idade de Ferro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ガリシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2594%25D7%2591%25D7%25A8%25D7%2596%25D7%259C" title="ヘブライ語: תקופת הברזל" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תקופת הברזל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258C%25E0%25A4%25B9_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597" title="ヒンディー語: लौह युग" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लौह युग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ヒンディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loha_Yug" title="フィジー・ヒンディー語: Loha Yug" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Loha Yug" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="フィジー・ヒンディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDeljezno_doba" title="クロアチア語: Željezno doba" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Željezno doba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaskor" title="ハンガリー語: Vaskor" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vaskor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ハンガリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A9%25D5%25AB_%25D5%25A4%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580" title="アルメニア語: Երկաթի դար" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկաթի դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="アルメニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A9%25D5%25A7_%25D4%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580" title="Western Armenian: Երկաթէ Դար" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Երկաթէ Դար" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Besi" title="インドネシア語: Zaman Besi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zaman Besi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panawen_ti_Landok" title="イロカノ語: Panawen ti Landok" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Panawen ti Landok" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="イロカノ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%258C%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="イングーシ語: Аьшка зама" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Аьшка зама" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="イングーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer-epoko" title="イド語: Fer-epoko" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fer-epoko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="イド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C3%25A1rn%25C3%25B6ld" title="アイスランド語: Járnöld" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Járnöld" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="アイスランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A0_del_ferro" title="イタリア語: Età del ferro" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Età del ferro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayan_Iej" title="ジャマイカ・クレオール語: Ayan Iej" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ayan Iej" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="ジャマイカ・クレオール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaman_wesi" title="ジャワ語: Jaman wesi" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jaman wesi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ジャワ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2590" title="ジョージア語: რკინის ხანა" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რკინის ხანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ジョージア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2591%25C9%25A9%25C9%25A3y%25CA%258A%25CA%258A_p%25C9%25A9nz%25C9%25A9_(Age_du_fer)" title="Kabiye: Ñɩɣyʊʊ pɩnzɩ (Age du fer)" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣyʊʊ pɩnzɩ (Age du fer)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B4%25D3%2599%25D1%2583%25D1%2596%25D1%2580%25D1%2596" title="カザフ語: Темір дәуірі" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Темір дәуірі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="カザフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25B2%25A0%25EA%25B8%25B0_%25EC%258B%259C%25EB%258C%2580" title="韓国語: 철기 시대" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="철기 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serdema_hesin%25C3%25AE" title="クルド語: Serdema hesinî" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Serdema hesinî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="クルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos_Horn" title="コーンウォール語: Oos Horn" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Oos Horn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="コーンウォール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D1%2583" title="キルギス語: Темир доору" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Темир доору" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="キルギス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aetas_ferrea" title="ラテン語: Aetas ferrea" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aetas ferrea" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ラテン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eda_de_Fero" title="リングア・フランカ・ノバ: Eda de Fero" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eda de Fero" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="リングア・フランカ・ノバ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iezertied" title="リンブルフ語: Iezertied" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Iezertied" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="リンブルフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A6_do_f%25C3%25A6ro" title="リグリア語: Etæ do færo" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Etæ do færo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="リグリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A9_dl_Fer" title="Ladin: Eté dl Fer" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Eté dl Fer" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etaa_del_Ferr" title="ロンバルド語: Etaa del Ferr" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Etaa del Ferr" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ロンバルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gele%25C5%25BEies_am%25C5%25BEius" title="リトアニア語: Geležies amžius" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Geležies amžius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="リトアニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dze%25C4%25BC%25C5%25BEalaiki" title="ラトガリア語: Dzeļžalaiki" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Dzeļžalaiki" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="ラトガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzelzs_laikmets" title="ラトビア語: Dzelzs laikmets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzelzs laikmets" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ラトビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andron%2527_ny_Vy" title="マダガスカル語: Andron' ny Vy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Andron' ny Vy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="マダガスカル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D3%25B1%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C%25D3%25A7_%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BC" title="東部マリ語: Кӱртньӧ курым" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кӱртньӧ курым" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="東部マリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE_%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5" title="マケドニア語: Железно време" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Железно време" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2585%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B5%2581%25E0%25B4%2597%25E0%25B4%2582" title="マラヤーラム語: അയോയുഗം" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അയോയുഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="マラヤーラム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BC%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B7%25D1%258D%25D0%25B2%25D1%2581%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD_%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B5" title="モンゴル語: Төмөр зэвсгийн үе" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Төмөр зэвсгийн үе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="モンゴル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B9_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597" title="マラーティー語: लोह युग" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लोह युग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="マラーティー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Besi" title="マレー語: Zaman Besi" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zaman Besi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="マレー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eidade_de_l_Fierro" title="ミランダ語: Eidade de l Fierro" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eidade de l Fierro" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="ミランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25B6%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ミャンマー語: သံခေတ်" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံခေတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ミャンマー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A0_d%2522o_fierro" title="ナポリ語: Età d"o fierro" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Età d"o fierro" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="ナポリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iesentiet" title="低地ドイツ語: Iesentiet" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Iesentiet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iezertied" title="オランダ低ザクセン語: Iezertied" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Iezertied" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="オランダ低ザクセン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258C%25E0%25A4%25B9_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597" title="ネパール語: लौह युग" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लौह युग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="ネパール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597" title="ネワール語: न युग" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="न युग" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="ネワール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJzertijd" title="オランダ語: IJzertijd" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IJzertijd" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarnalderen" title="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク): Jarnalderen" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jarnalderen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jernalderen" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Jernalderen" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jernalderen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edat_dau_F%25C3%25A8rre" title="オック語: Edat dau Fèrre" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Edat dau Fèrre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="オック語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%258B%25E0%25A8%25B9%25E0%25A8%25BE_%25E0%25A8%25AF%25E0%25A9%2581%25E0%25A9%25B1%25E0%25A8%2597" title="パンジャブ語: ਲੋਹਾ ਯੁੱਗ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੋਹਾ ਯੁੱਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="パンジャブ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoka_%25C5%25BCelaza" title="ポーランド語: Epoka żelaza" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Epoka żelaza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A0_d%25C3%25ABl_fer" title="ピエモンテ語: Età dël fer" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Età dël fer" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="ピエモンテ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25DB%2581%25D8%25A7_%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7" title="Western Punjabi: لوہا ویلا" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوہا ویلا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25D9%25BE%25D9%2586%25DB%2590_%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2587" title="パシュトゥー語: د اوسپنې زمانه" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د اوسپنې زمانه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="パシュトゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idade_do_Ferro" title="ポルトガル語: Idade do Ferro" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Idade do Ferro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temp_da_fier" title="ロマンシュ語: Temp da fier" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Temp da fier" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="ロマンシュ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoca_Fierului" title="ルーマニア語: Epoca Fierului" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Epoca Fierului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="ロシア語: Железный век" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Железный век" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%2597%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0" title="ルシン語: Желїзна доба" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Желїзна доба" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ルシン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B9%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D" title="サンスクリット語: लोहयुगम्" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लोहयुगम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="サンスクリット語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580_%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B9%25D1%258D" title="サハ語: Тимир үйэ" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тимир үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="サハ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edade_de_su_Ferru" title="サルデーニャ語: Edade de su Ferru" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Edade de su Ferru" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="サルデーニャ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etati_d%25C3%25BB_ferru" title="シチリア語: Etati dû ferru" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Etati dû ferru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="シチリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airn_Age" title="スコットランド語: Airn Age" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Airn Age" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="スコットランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDeljezno_doba" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Željezno doba" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Željezno doba" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B6%25A9_%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="シンハラ語: යකඩ යුගය" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යකඩ යුගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="シンハラ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Age" title="シンプル英語: Iron Age" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Iron Age" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="シンプル英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDelezn%25C3%25A1_doba" title="スロバキア語: Železná doba" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Železná doba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="スロバキア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDelezna_doba" title="スロベニア語: Železna doba" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Železna doba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zera_re_Utare" title="ショナ語: Zera re Utare" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Zera re Utare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ショナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koha_e_Hekurit" title="アルバニア語: Koha e Hekurit" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Koha e Hekurit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="アルバニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0" title="セルビア語: Гвоздено доба" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гвоздено доба" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iersentied" title="ザーターフリジア語: Iersentied" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Iersentied" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="ザーターフリジア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C3%25A4rn%25C3%25A5ldern" title="スウェーデン語: Järnåldern" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Järnåldern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zama_za_Chuma" title="スワヒリ語: Zama za Chuma" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Zama za Chuma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="スワヒリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2587%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D_%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="タミル語: இரும்புக் காலம்" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இரும்புக் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="タミル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2587%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%2581%25E0%25B0%25AA_%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B1%2581%25E0%25B0%2597%25E0%25B0%2582" title="テルグ語: ఇనుప యుగం" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇనుప యుగం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="テルグ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B8%2584%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B9%2587%25E0%25B8%2581" title="タイ語: ยุคเหล็ก" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคเหล็ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="タイ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demir_asyry" title="トルクメン語: Demir asyry" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Demir asyry" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="トルクメン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panahong_Bakal" title="タガログ語: Panahong Bakal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Panahong Bakal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="タガログ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demir_%25C3%2587a%25C4%259F%25C4%25B1" title="トルコ語: Demir Çağı" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Demir Çağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%258B%25D1%2580" title="タタール語: Тимер гасыр" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тимер гасыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="タタール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2597%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0" title="ウクライナ語: Залізна доба" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Залізна доба" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25DB%2581%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1" title="ウルドゥー語: آہنی دور" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آہنی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ウルドゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temir_davri" title="ウズベク語: Temir davri" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Temir davri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ウズベク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%25C3%25A0_del_fero" title="ヴェネト語: Età del fero" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Età del fero" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="ヴェネト語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raudaig" title="ヴェプス語: Raudaig" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Raudaig" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="ヴェプス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%25E1%25BB%259Di_%25C4%2591%25E1%25BA%25A1i_%25C4%2591%25E1%25BB%2593_s%25E1%25BA%25AFt" title="ベトナム語: Thời đại đồ sắt" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thời đại đồ sắt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ベトナム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yzertyd" title="西フラマン語: Yzertyd" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Yzertyd" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西フラマン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panahon_han_Puthaw" title="ワライ語: Panahon han Puthaw" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panahon han Puthaw" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ワライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2593%2581%25E5%2599%25A8%25E6%2597%25B6%25E4%25BB%25A3" title="呉語: 铁器时代" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铁器时代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="呉語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A8_%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2590" title="メグレル語: რკინაშ ხანა" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რკინაშ ხანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="メグレル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%2596%25D7%259F_%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A4%25D7%2590%25D7%259B%25D7%25A2" title="イディッシュ語: אייזן עפאכע" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אייזן עפאכע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="イディッシュ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2593%2581%25E5%2599%25A8%25E6%2597%25B6%25E4%25BB%25A3" title="中国語: 铁器时代" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铁器时代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2590%25B5%25E4%25B8%2596" title="漢文: 鐵世" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鐵世" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="漢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thih-kh%25C3%25AC_S%25C3%25AE-t%25C4%2581i" title="閩南語: Thih-khì Sî-tāi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thih-khì Sî-tāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2590%25B5%25E5%2599%25A8%25E6%2599%2582%25E4%25BB%25A3" title="広東語: 鐵器時代" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鐵器時代" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="広東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ja.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="20" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.25em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">最終更新 2024年9月25日 (水) 06:23 （日時は<a 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