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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-모드_종류" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#모드_종류"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>모드 종류</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-모드_종류-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="목차" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">CPU 모드</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 9개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC" title="أوضاع المعالج – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوضاع المعالج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C5%BEimy_procesoru" title="Režimy procesoru – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Režimy procesoru" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_modes" title="CPU modes – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="CPU modes" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modos_de_operaci%C3%B3n_de_la_unidad_central_de_procesamiento" title="Modos de operación de la unidad central de procesamiento – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Modos de operación de la unidad central de procesamiento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="حالت واحد پردازنده مرکزی – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حالت واحد پردازنده مرکزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="CPUモード – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="CPUモード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Режим работы процессора – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Режим работы процессора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_modlar%C4%B1" title="CPU modları – 튀르키예어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="CPU modları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="튀르키예어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E6%80%81" title="核心态 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="核心态" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2247050#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 (없는 문서) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="언어 변종 바꾸기" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="도구" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">도구</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="더 많은 옵션" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 동작 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C&action=history"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 일반 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C/CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C" title="여기를 가리키는 모든 위키 문서의 목록 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>여기를 가리키는 문서</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> <b>CPU 모드</b>, <b>프로세서 모드</b>, <b>CPU 상태</b>, <b>CPU 권한 수준</b>은 실행 중인 특정 프로세스에서 수행할 수 있는 작업의 유형과 범위에 제한을 두는 일부 컴퓨터 아키텍처의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99_%EC%B2%98%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9E%A5%EC%B9%98" title="중앙 처리 장치">중앙 처리 장치</a>에 대한 작동 모드이다. 이 설계를 통해 운영 체제는 응용 소프트웨어보다 더 많은 권한으로 실행될 수 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>이상적으로는 신뢰도가 높은 커널 코드만 무제한 모드에서 실행할 수 있다. 그 밖의 모든 것(운영 체제의 감독되지 않는 부분 포함)은 제한된 모드에서 실행되며 시스템 호출(<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%9F%BD%ED%8A%B8" title="인터럽트">인터럽트</a>를 통해)을 사용하여 커널이 대신 시스템을 손상시키거나 손상시킬 수 있는 모든 작업을 수행하도록 요청해야 한다. 다른 프로그램(또는 컴퓨팅 시스템 자체)을 변경하거나 손상시키는 신뢰할 수 없는 프로그램이다. </p><p>그러나 실제로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C_%ED%98%B8%EC%B6%9C" title="시스템 호출">시스템 호출</a>은 시간이 걸리고 컴퓨팅 시스템의 성능을 저하시킬 수 있으므로 시스템 설계자가 시간이 중요한 일부 소프트웨어(특히 장치 드라이버)가 전체 커널 권한으로 실행되도록 허용하는 것은 드문 일이 아니다. </p><p>여러 모드를 구현할 수 있으므로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%ED%8D%BC%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80" title="하이퍼바이저">하이퍼바이저</a>가 그 아래에서 여러 운영 체제 감독자를 실행할 수 있다. 이는 현재 사용 가능한 많은 가상 머신 시스템의 기본 설계이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="모드_종류"><span id=".EB.AA.A8.EB.93.9C_.EC.A2.85.EB.A5.98"></span>모드 종류</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 모드 종류"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8_%EB%A7%81" title="보호 링">보호 링</a> 문서에 이 부분의 추가 정보가 있습니다.</div> <p>제한되지 않은 모드(unrestricted mode)는 종종 "커널 모드"라고 불리지만 다른 명칭도 많이 있다(마스터 모드, 감독자 모드, 특권 모드 등). 제한된 모드(restricted mode)는 일반적으로 "사용자 모드"라고 하지만 다른 이름(슬레이브 모드, 문제 상태 등)으로도 알려져 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>커널</dt> <dd>커널 모드에서 CPU는 아키텍처에서 허용하는 모든 작업을 수행할 수 있다. 모든 명령이 실행될 수 있고, 입출력 작업이 시작될 수 있으며, 메모리 영역에 액세스할 수 있다. 다른 CPU 모드에서는 하드웨어에 의해 CPU 작업에 대한 특정 제한이 적용된다. 일반적으로 특정 명령(특히 시스템의 전역 상태를 변경할 수 있는 입출력 작업 포함)이 허용되지 않으며 일부 메모리 영역에 액세스할 수 없다. CPU의 사용자 모드 기능은 일반적으로 이러한 명령의 하위 집합이다. 커널 모드에서 사용할 수 있지만 기본이 아닌 아키텍처의 하드웨어 에뮬레이션과 같은 일부 경우에는 표준 커널 모드에서 사용할 수 있는 것과 크게 다를 수 있다.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>사용자</dt> <dd>일부 CPU 아키텍처는 종종 권한 계층을 사용하여 여러 사용자 모드를 지원한다. 이러한 아키텍처는 종종 링 기반 보안을 갖추고 있다고 하며, 권한 계층은 커널 모드를 중심으로 한 동심 링 집합과 유사하다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%80%ED%8B%B1%EC%8A%A4" title="멀틱스">멀틱스</a> 하드웨어는 링 보안의 첫 번째 중요한 구현이었지만 인텔 80286 보호 모드 및 IA-64를 포함하여 다른 많은 하드웨어 플랫폼도 유사한 라인을 따라 설계되었다.</dd></dl> <p>모드 보호는 CPU 하드웨어 자체를 넘어서는 리소스로 확장될 수 있다. 하드웨어 레지스터는 CPU의 현재 작동 모드를 추적하지만 추가 가상 메모리 레지스터, 페이지 테이블 항목 및 기타 데이터는 다른 리소스에 대한 모드 식별자를 추적할 수 있다. 예를 들어, CPU는 CPU 자체의 상태 워드에 표시된 대로 링 0에서 작동할 수 있지만 메모리에 대한 모든 액세스는 액세스 대상 가상 메모리 세그먼트에 대한 별도의 링 번호에 대해 추가로 검증될 수 있다. 대상이 되는 실제 페이지(있는 경우)의 링 번호에 대해 이는 PSP 휴대용 시스템에서 입증되었다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%8E%99%EA%B3%BC_%EA%B3%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%B2%84%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%98_%EA%B0%80%EC%83%81%ED%99%94_%EC%9A%94%EA%B5%AC" title="포펙과 골드버그의 가상화 요구">포펙과 골드버그의 가상화 요구</a>를 충족하는 하드웨어를 사용하면 가상 머신을 효율적으로 지원하는 소프트웨어 작성이 훨씬 간단해진다. 이러한 시스템은 감독자 모드에서 실행되고 있다고 믿지만 실제로는 사용자 모드에서 실행되는 소프트웨어를 실행할 수 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flint.cs.yale.edu/feng/cos/resources/BIOS/procModes.htm">“Processor Modes”</a>. 《flint.cs.yale.edu》<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2023년 8월 23일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=flint.cs.yale.edu&rft.atitle=Processor+Modes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fflint.cs.yale.edu%2Ffeng%2Fcos%2Fresources%2FBIOS%2FprocModes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3ACPU+%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">aviviano (2022년 11월 4일). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/gettingstarted/user-mode-and-kernel-mode">“User mode and kernel mode - Windows drivers”</a>. 《learn.microsoft.com》 (미국 영어)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2023년 8월 23일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81_%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="틀:운영 체제"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81_%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:운영 체제 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81_%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="특수:문서편집/틀:운영 체제"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="운영체제" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="운영체제">운영체제</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">일반</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="운영체제의 역사">역사</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="운영체제의 연표 (없는 문서)">연표</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="운영체제 목록">목록</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%A5_%EC%A0%90%EC%9C%A0%EC%9C%A8" title="운영체제 시장 점유율">점유율</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C%EC%9D%98_%EB%B9%84%EA%B5%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="운영체제의 비교 (없는 문서)">비교</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B0%9C%EB%B0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="운영체제 개발 (없는 문서)">개발</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)" title="커널 (컴퓨팅)">커널</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;">일반 구조</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%86%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9D_%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90" title="모놀리식 커널">모놀리식 커널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90" title="마이크로커널">마이크로커널</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;">하부 구조</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%91%EC%86%8C%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90" title="엑소커널">엑소커널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%85%B8%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90" class="mw-redirect" title="나노커널">나노커널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90" title="하이브리드 커널">하이브리드</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;">구성 요소</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84" title="사용자 공간">사용자/커널 공간</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90#서버" title="마이크로커널">서버</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%81%EC%9E%AC_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5_%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%88" title="적재 가능 커널 모듈">적재 가능 커널 모듈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EC%B9%98_%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B2%84" title="장치 드라이버">장치 드라이버</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%84%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC" title="프로세스 관리">프로세스 관리</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;">개념</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%84%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="프로세스">프로세스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%84%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%9C%EC%96%B4_%EB%B8%94%EB%A1%9D" title="프로세스 제어 블록">프로세스 제어 블록</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%9F%BD%ED%8A%B8" title="인터럽트">인터럽트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)" title="스레드 (컴퓨팅)">스레드</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%EB%A7%A5_%EA%B5%90%ED%99%98" title="문맥 교환">문맥 교환</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)" title="스케줄링 (컴퓨팅)">스케줄링</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CPU 모드</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8_%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C" title="보호 모드">보호 모드</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8_%EB%A7%81#수퍼바이저_모드" title="보호 링">수퍼바이저 모드</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:10.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)#스케줄링_알고리즘" title="스케줄링 (컴퓨팅)">스케줄링 알고리즘</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EC%A4%91%EC%9E%91%EC%97%85" title="다중작업">공동 다중작업/시분할</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A0%EC%A0%90_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81" title="선점 스케줄링">선점</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%A1%9C%EB%B9%88_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81" title="라운드 로빈 스케줄링">라운드 로빈</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%95_%EC%9A%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%88%9C%EC%9C%84_%EC%84%A0%EC%A0%90_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="고정 우선순위 선점 스케줄링 (없는 문서)">고정 우선순위 스케줄링</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%80%ED%8B%B0%EB%A0%88%EB%B2%A8_%ED%94%BC%EB%93%9C%EB%B0%B1_%ED%81%90" class="mw-redirect" title="멀티레벨 피드백 큐">멀티레벨 피드백 큐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EB%8B%A8_%EC%9E%91%EC%97%85_%EC%9A%B0%EC%84%A0_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%A4%84%EB%A7%81" title="최단 작업 우선 스케줄링">최단 작업 우선</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC" title="메모리 관리">메모리 관리</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8" title="메모리 보호">메모리 보호</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EC%84%B8%EA%B7%B8%EB%A8%BC%ED%8A%B8" title="메모리 세그먼트">메모리 세그먼트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%95" title="페이징">페이징</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B7%B8%EB%A9%98%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%98" title="세그멘테이션 오류">세그멘테이션 오류</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98_%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8_%EC%8B%A4%ED%8C%A8" title="일반 보호 실패">일반 보호 실패</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B7%B8%EB%A9%98%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%98" title="세그멘테이션 오류">버스 오류</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">예</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EA%B0%80OS" title="아미가OS">아미가OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeOS" title="BeOS">BeOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSD" title="BSD">BSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%8A%A4" title="도스">도스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%88%85%EC%8A%A4" title="리눅스">리눅스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%AC_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="크롬 OS">크롬 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5_OS" title="맥 OS">맥 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%84OS" title="모르프OS">모르프OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReactOS" title="ReactOS">ReactOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_(%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C)" title="솔라리스 (운영체제)">솔라리스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%89%EC%8A%A4" title="유닉스">유닉스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%9C%88%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B0" title="마이크로소프트 윈도우">윈도우</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="운영체제 목록">더 보기</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타 개념</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%80%ED%8C%85#부트_로더" title="부팅">부트 로더</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C_CD" title="라이브 CD">라이브 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