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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83%3A%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Аккаунт хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Кӗр</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Системӑна кӗменнисем валли хатӗрленӗ страницӑсем <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83:%D0%9F%D1%83%D2%AB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%91%D1%88" aria-label="Тӳрлетесси пирки тӗплӗнрех"><span>ытларах пӗл</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ку IP адресран тунӑ тӳрлетӳсем [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Хывнӑ тӳпе</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="IP адресӑн сӳтсе яву страници [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Сӳтсе явни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div class="collection-creatorbox"> <img src="/w/extensions/Collection/images/Open_book.png" alt="" width="80" height="45" class="collection-creatorbox-book"> <div class="collection-creatorbox-row"> <div> <a rel="nofollow" title="Кӗнеке хатӗрлемелли Пулӑшу страниципе паллаш" href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83:%D0%9A%D3%97%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC"> <img src="/w/extensions/Collection/images/silk-help.png" alt="" width="16" height="16"> Пулӑшу </a> </div> <span class="collection-creatorbox-title">Кĕнеке хатӗрлекенӗ</span> ( <a rel="nofollow" title="Кӗнеке хатӗрлевҫӗпе усӑ курма пӑрах" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=stop_book_creator&referer=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83%3A%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3">чар</a> ) </div> <div id="coll-book_creator_box" class="collection-creatorbox-row"> <span style="color: #777;"><img src="/w/extensions/Collection/images/disabled.png" alt="" width="16" height="16" style="vertical-align: text-bottom"> Ку страницӑна хушма май ҫук</span><strong class="collection-creatorbox-iconlink"><img src="/w/extensions/Collection/images/silk-book_open.png" alt="" width="16" height="16"> Кӗнекене кӑтарт (0 страница)</strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=suggest" class="collection-creatorbox-iconlink" title="ирӗн кӗнекери страницӑсене шута илсе хатӗрленӗ сӗнӳсене пӑх" rel="nofollow"><img src="/w/extensions/Collection/images/silk-wand.png" alt="" width="16" height="16" style="vertical-align: text-bottom"> Сӗнекен страницӑсем</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Хӑвӑрӑн кӗнекепе ӗҫлесси</h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection/Help" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>Пулăшу</a></div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ятсен уҫлӑхӗ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Чӗлхе вариантне улӑштар" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">чӑвашла</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Пурĕ пăхнă"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хатĕрсем" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хатĕрсем</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хатӗрсем</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet" title="Анлӑрах опцисем" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ӗҫсем </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пӗтӗмӗшле </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cv" title="Файлсене тиесси [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл тие</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Ятарлӑ страницӑсен йышӗ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Ятарлă страницăсем</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Ҫак страницӑн пичет версийӗ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Пичет версийĕ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AF%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25C4%2583%3A%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B3"><span>Кӗске URL адреса ил</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AF%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25C4%2583%3A%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B3"><span>QR-код уҫласа ил</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ытти проектсенче </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Курӑнакан калӑплав</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">пытар</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <div class="mw-collection-container"> <div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--notice collection-maintenance-box collection-notice-box"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><h5 class="collection-box-heading collection-icon-info">Страницӑсене уйрӑмшарӑн уҫласа ил</h5><p class="notice-text">Поскольку рендеринг PDF-файлов <i>Создателя книг</i> отключён (<a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/PDF_Functionality" class="extiw" title="mw:Reading/Web/PDF Functionality">см. подробнее</a>), вы можете попробовать использовать для отдельных статей инструмент <i><b>Скачать как PDF</b></i>, находящийся в боковой панели.</p></div></div>Ҫӗнет <div class="collection-column collection-column-left"> <form class="mw-htmlform" action="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3" method="post" id="mw-collection-title-form"><input type="hidden" value="Ятарлă:Коллекция книг" name="title"> <table id="mw-collection-title-table"><tbody> <tr class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField"><td class="mw-label"><label for="titleInput">Ячӗ:</label></td><td class="mw-input"><input id="titleInput" name="collectionTitle" size=""> </td></tr><tr class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField"><td class="mw-label"><label for="subtitleInput">Ҫумячӗ:</label></td><td class="mw-input"><input id="subtitleInput" name="collectionSubtitle" size=""> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <input id="wpEditToken" type="hidden" value="+\" name="wpEditToken"> <input name="bookcmd" type="hidden" value="set_titles"> <input id="mw-input-papersize" name="papersize" type="hidden"> <input id="mw-input-toc" name="toc" type="hidden"> <input id="mw-input-columns" name="columns" type="hidden"> <noscript><input type="submit" value="" /></noscript></form> <div id="collectionListContainer"> <div class="collection-create-chapter-links"> <a class="makeVisible collection-chapter-create" style=" display:none;" href="javascript:void(0);">Сыпӑк хатӗрле</a> </div> <div class="collection-create-chapter-list"> <em id="emptyCollection">Пушӑ кӗнеке</em> <ul id="collectionList"> </ul> </div> </div> <div style="display:none"> <span id="newChapterText">Ҫӗнӗ сыпӑкӑн ятне кӗртӗр</span> <span id="renameChapterText">Сыпӑкӑн ҫӗнӗ ятне кӗртӗр</span> <span id="clearCollectionConfirmText">Эсир чӑнах та хӑварӑн кӗнекери мӗн пуррине пӗтӗмпех кӑларса пӑрахасшӑн-и?</span> </div> </div> <div class="collection-column collection-column-right"> <div class="collection-column-right-box" id="coll-orderbox"> <h2>Пичетлӗ кӗнеке саккасла</h2> <p>Пичетлӗ кӗнекене пирӗн партнертан ил: </p> <ul> <li class="collection-partner"> <div> <div><a class="coll-partnerlink" 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