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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigace </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" title="Navštívit Hlavní stranu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hlavní strana</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Obsah" title="Místo, kde najdete pomoc"><span>Nápověda</span></a></li><li id="n-helpdesk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pot%C5%99ebuji_pomoc" title="Pokud si nevíte rady, zeptejte se ostatních"><span>Potřebuji pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Nejlep%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Přehled článků, které jsou považovány za nejlepší na české Wikipedii"><span>Nejlepší články</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:N%C3%A1hodn%C3%A1_str%C3%A1nka" title="Přejít na náhodně vybranou stránku [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Náhodný článek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny" title="Seznam posledních změn na této wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Poslední změny</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Port%C3%A1l_Wikipedie" title="O projektu, jak můžete pomoci, kde hledat"><span>Komunitní portál</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pod_l%C3%ADpou" title="Hlavní diskusní fórum"><span>Pod lípou</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Hled%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hledání</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Hledat na Wikipedii" aria-label="Hledat na Wikipedii" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciální:Hledání"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hledat</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobní nástroje"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vzhled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Formální_definice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formální_definice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Formální definice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formální_definice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Příklad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Příklad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Příklad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Příklad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prvočíselnost_jedničky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prvočíselnost_jedničky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Prvočíselnost jedničky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prvočíselnost_jedničky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vlastnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vlastnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vlastnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vlastnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Výskyt_prvočísel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Výskyt_prvočísel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Výskyt prvočísel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Výskyt_prvočísel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Výskyt prvočísel</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Výskyt_prvočísel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Speciální_prvočísla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speciální_prvočísla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Speciální prvočísla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speciální_prvočísla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Využití" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Využití"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Využití</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Využití-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Testování_prvočíselnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Testování_prvočíselnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Testování prvočíselnosti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Testování_prvočíselnosti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Testování prvočíselnosti</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Testování_prvočíselnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Příklad_testovacího_algoritmu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Příklad_testovacího_algoritmu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Příklad testovacího algoritmu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Příklad_testovacího_algoritmu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prvočísla_menší_než_1000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prvočísla_menší_než_1000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Prvočísla menší než 1000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prvočísla_menší_než_1000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Největší_známé_prvočíslo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Největší_známé_prvočíslo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Největší známé prvočíslo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Největší_známé_prvočíslo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prvočíslo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 138 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-138" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">138 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priemgetal" title="Priemgetal – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Priemgetal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primzahl" title="Primzahl – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Primzahl" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numero_primero" title="Numero primero – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Numero primero" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumt%C3%A6l" title="Frumtæl – staroangličtina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Frumtæl" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroangličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="عدد أولي – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عدد أولي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="عاداد لولي – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عاداد لولي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="عدد اولى – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عدد اولى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE" title="মৌলিক সংখ্যা – ásámština" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মৌলিক সংখ্যা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásámština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmberu_primu" title="Númberu primu – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Númberu primu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sad%C9%99_%C9%99d%C9%99d" title="Sadə ədəd – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sadə ədəd" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="ساده عدد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ساده عدد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ябай һан – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ябай һан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%97rm%C4%97nis_skaitlios" title="Pėrmėnis skaitlios – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pėrmėnis skaitlios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Просты лік – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Просты лік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Просты лік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Просты лік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Просто число – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Просто число" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE" title="মৌলিক সংখ্যা – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মৌলিক সংখ্যা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niver_kentael" title="Niver kentael – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Niver kentael" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prost_broj" title="Prost broj – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prost broj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_primer" title="Nombre primer – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nombre primer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ژمارەی سەرەتایی – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژمارەی سەرەتایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Ансат хисеп – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ансат хисеп" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhif_cysefin" title="Rhif cysefin – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhif cysefin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtal" title="Primtal – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Primtal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primzahl" title="Primzahl – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Primzahl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaro_primal" title="Amaro primal – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Amaro primal" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Πρώτος αριθμός – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρώτος αριθμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B9mer_prim" title="Nùmer prim – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Nùmer prim" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number" title="Prime number – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Prime number" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo" title="Primo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Primo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_primo" title="Número primo – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Número primo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algarv" title="Algarv – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Algarv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenbaki_lehen" title="Zenbaki lehen – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zenbaki lehen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="عدد اول – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عدد اول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkuluku" title="Alkuluku – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alkuluku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algarv" title="Algarv – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Algarv" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naba_taumada" title="Naba taumada – fidžijština" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Naba taumada" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtal" title="Primtal – faerština" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Primtal" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_premier" title="Nombre premier – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nombre premier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtaal" title="Primtaal – fríština (severní)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Primtaal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="fríština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uimhir_phr%C3%ADomha" title="Uimhir phríomha – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uimhir phríomha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E6%95%B8" title="質數 – čínština (dialekty Gan)" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="質數" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Gan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonm_pr%C3%A9my%C3%A9" title="Nonm prémyé – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Nonm prémyé" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_primo" title="Número primo – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Número primo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="અવિભાજ્ય સંખ્યા – gudžarátština" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અવિભાજ્ય સંખ્યા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helu_kumu" title="Helu kumu – havajština" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Helu kumu" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="havajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="מספר ראשוני – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מספר ראשוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="अभाज्य संख्या – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अभाज्य संख्या" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosti_broj" title="Prosti broj – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prosti broj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primowa_li%C4%8Dba" title="Primowa ličba – hornolužická srbština" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Primowa ličba" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="hornolužická srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonm_premye" title="Nonm premye – haitština" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nonm premye" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADmsz%C3%A1mok" title="Prímszámok – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Prímszámok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A6_%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Պարզ թիվ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պարզ թիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A6_%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82" title="Պարզ թիւ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պարզ թիւ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numero_prime" title="Numero prime – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Numero prime" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilangan_prima" title="Bilangan prima – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bilangan prima" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumtala" title="Frumtala – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frumtala" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numero_primo" title="Numero primo – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Numero primo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E6%95%B0" title="素数 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="素数" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praim_nomba" title="Praim nomba – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Praim nomba" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/nalfendi_kacna%27u" title="nalfendi kacna'u – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="nalfendi kacna'u" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilangan_prima" title="Wilangan prima – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wilangan prima" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მარტივი რიცხვი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარტივი რიცხვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Жай сан – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жай сан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%98" title="ចំនួនបឋម – khmérština" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចំនួនបឋម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmérština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86" title="ಅವಿಭಾಜ್ಯ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆ – kannadština" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅವಿಭಾಜ್ಯ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0)" title="소수 (수론) – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소수 (수론)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejmar%C3%AAn_h%C3%AEm%C3%AE" title="Hejmarên hîmî – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hejmarên hîmî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennriv" title="Pennriv – kornština" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pennriv" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Жөнөкөй сан – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жөнөкөй сан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerus_primus" title="Numerus primus – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Numerus primus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primzuel" title="Primzuel – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Primzuel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priemgetaal" title="Priemgetaal – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Priemgetaal" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numer_primm" title="Numer primm – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Numer primm" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" title="ຕົວເລກຫຼັກ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຕົວເລກຫຼັກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirminis_skai%C4%8Dius" title="Pirminis skaičius – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pirminis skaičius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirmskaitlis" title="Pirmskaitlis – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pirmskaitlis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa_tsy_azo_tsinjaraina" title="Isa tsy azo tsinjaraina – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Isa tsy azo tsinjaraina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Прост број – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Прост број" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="അഭാജ്യസംഖ്യ – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഭാജ്യസംഖ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Анхны тоо – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Анхны тоо" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मूळ संख्या – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मूळ संख्या" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombor_perdana" title="Nombor perdana – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nombor perdana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numru_l-ewwel" title="Numru l-ewwel – maltština" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Numru l-ewwel" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%B9%E1%80%93%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="သုဒ္ဓကိန်း – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သုဒ္ဓကိန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtall" title="Primtall – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Primtall" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="प्राइम सङ्ख्या – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राइम सङ्ख्या" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priemgetal" title="Priemgetal – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Priemgetal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtal" title="Primtal – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Primtal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtall" title="Primtall – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Primtall" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_primi%C3%A8r" title="Nombre primièr – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nombre primièr" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8C%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%82%E0%AC%96%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE" title="ମୌଳିକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା – urijština" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମୌଳିକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="urijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਅਭਾਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਭਾਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liczby_pierwsze" title="Liczby pierwsze – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Liczby pierwsze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B9mer_prim" title="Nùmer prim – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Nùmer prim" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="پرائم نمبر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پرائم نمبر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_primo" title="Número primo – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Número primo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num%C4%83r_prim" title="Număr prim – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Număr prim" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Простое число – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Простое число" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Простое число – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Простое число" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B9mmuru_primu" title="Nùmmuru primu – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nùmmuru primu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prost_broj" title="Prost broj – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prost broj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%E1%B8%8Dan_amnzu" title="Amḍan amnzu – tašelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Amḍan amnzu" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tašelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AE%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9B%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="ප්‍රථමක සංඛ්‍යා – sinhálština" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රථමක සංඛ්‍යා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number" title="Prime number – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prime number" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Prvočíslo – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prvočíslo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pra%C5%A1tevilo" title="Praštevilo – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Praštevilo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiin_mutuxan" title="Thiin mutuxan – somálština" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Thiin mutuxan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numri_i_thjesht%C3%AB" title="Numri i thjeshtë – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Numri i thjeshtë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Прост број – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Прост број" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primtal" title="Primtal – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Primtal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namba_tasa" title="Namba tasa – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Namba tasa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjyrszo_n%C5%AFmera" title="Pjyrszo nůmera – slezština" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Pjyrszo nůmera" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="slezština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D" title="பகா எண் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பகா எண்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%96%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF" title="ప్రధాన సంఖ్య – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రధాన సంఖ్య" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Ададҳои сода – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ададҳои сода" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0" title="จำนวนเฉพาะ – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จำนวนเฉพาะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangunahing_bilang" title="Pangunahing bilang – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pangunahing bilang" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asal_say%C4%B1" title="Asal sayı – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Asal sayı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%88%D9%BE_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تۈپ سان – ujgurština" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۈپ سان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Просте число – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Просте число" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="مفرد عدد – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مفرد عدد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tub_son" title="Tub son – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tub son" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B9maro_primo" title="Nùmaro primo – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Nùmaro primo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatoi_lugu" title="Palatoi lugu – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Palatoi lugu" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%91_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91" title="Số nguyên tố – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Số nguyên tố" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priemgetal" title="Priemgetal – vlámština (západní)" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Priemgetal" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vlámština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombe_prum%C3%AE" title="Nombe prumî – valonština" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Nombe prumî" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panguna_nga_ihap" title="Panguna nga ihap – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panguna nga ihap" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E6%95%B0" title="质数 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="质数" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3" title="Экн тойг – kalmyčtina" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Экн тойг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%9C" title="פרימצאל – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פרימצאל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%8D%CC%81mb%C3%A0_%C3%A0k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81" title="Nọ́mbà àkọ́kọ́ – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Nọ́mbà àkọ́kọ́" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B9%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%93" title="ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓ – tamazight (standardní marocký)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight (standardní marocký)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E6%95%B0" title="质数 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="质数" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E6%95%B8" title="質數 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="質數" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2%CD%98-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Sò͘-sò͘ – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sò͘-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E6%95%B8" title="質數 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="質數" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49008#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&oldid=24343304" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&id=24343304&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrvo%25C4%258D%25C3%25ADslo"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrvo%25C4%258D%25C3%25ADslo"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prime_numbers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategorie:Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADsla" hreflang="cs"><span>Wikizprávy</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49008" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><p><b>Prvočíslo</b> je <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99irozen%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Přirozené číslo">přirozené číslo</a> větší než 1, které je beze zbytku <a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Blitelnost" title="Dělitelnost">dělitelné</a> jen dvěma děliteli: jedničkou a samo sebou. Jednička není prvočíslo, neboť nemá dva různé dělitele. Přirozená čísla větší než jedna, která nejsou prvočísly, se nazývají <a href="/wiki/Slo%C5%BEen%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Složené číslo">složená čísla</a>. Prvním prvočíslem je číslo 2, které je jediným sudým prvočíslem. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formální_definice"><span id="Form.C3.A1ln.C3.AD_definice"></span>Formální definice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Formální definice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Formální definice"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Číslo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {N} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {N} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d059936e77a2d707e9ee0a1d9575a1d693ce5d0b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.913ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {N} }"></span> je prvočíslem právě když platí: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n>1\land \forall k\in \mathbb {N} :\left(k|n\implies (k=1\lor k=n)\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>∧</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">⟹</mo> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>∨</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n>1\land \forall k\in \mathbb {N} :\left(k|n\implies (k=1\lor k=n)\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/19cbfc3a7609a48e3fd8b2e8d9d2a764ff0131cf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:44.215ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n>1\land \forall k\in \mathbb {N} :\left(k|n\implies (k=1\lor k=n)\right)}"></span> nebo ekvivalentně <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \left|\{k:k\in \mathbb {N} ,k|n\}\right|=2}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \left|\{k:k\in \mathbb {N} ,k|n\}\right|=2}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0e7426f19194bca77e9addceefab8c13d2f73b7e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:21.045ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \left|\{k:k\in \mathbb {N} ,k|n\}\right|=2}"></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Příklad"><span id="P.C5.99.C3.ADklad"></span>Příklad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Příklad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Příklad"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Číslo 13 má při dělení dvěma zbytek 1, při dělení třemi zbytek 1, při dělení pěti zbytek 3 atd. Říkáme, že je těmito čísly <i>nedělitelné</i>. Pouze při dělení 1 a 13 je zbytek 0 (<i>dělitelné</i>). Proto je 13 prvočíslo. </p><p>Číslo 24 je dělitelné čísly 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24. Není proto prvočíslem, ale složeným číslem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prvočíselnost_jedničky"><span id="Prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADselnost_jedni.C4.8Dky"></span>Prvočíselnost jedničky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Prvočíselnost jedničky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prvočíselnost jedničky"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jak říká <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bta_aritmetiky" title="Základní věta aritmetiky">základní věta aritmetiky</a>, každé přirozené číslo je možno rozložit na právě jeden prvočíselný součin (např. 12 = 2×2×3). Pokud by byla jednička zahrnuta do množiny prvočísel, bylo by takových rozkladů vždy nekonečně mnoho (12 = 2×2×3 = 1×2×2×3 = 1×1×2×2×3 = …). Proto se jednička za prvočíslo nepovažuje, přestože podmínku dělitelnosti pouze sebou samým a jedničkou splňuje. V rámci obecnějších teorií jsou prvočísla takzvanými <a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8Dinitel" title="Prvočinitel">prvočiniteli</a>, zatímco jednička patří mezi takzvané <a href="/wiki/Jednotka_(teorie_okruh%C5%AF)" title="Jednotka (teorie okruhů)">jednotky</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vlastnosti">Vlastnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Vlastnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Vlastnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Pokud je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> prvočíslo a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> dělí součin čísel <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ffd2487510aa438433a2579450ab2b3d557e5edc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a}"></span> a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle b}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>b</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle b}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f11423fbb2e967f986e36804a8ae4271734917c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.998ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle b}"></span>, pak <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> dělí <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ffd2487510aa438433a2579450ab2b3d557e5edc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a}"></span> nebo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> dělí <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle b}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>b</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle b}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f11423fbb2e967f986e36804a8ae4271734917c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.998ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle b}"></span>.</li> <li>Každé složené číslo lze jednoznačně vyjádřit jako součin prvočísel. Proces rozkladu čísla na jeho prvočíselné <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cinitel" class="mw-redirect" title="Činitel">činitele</a> (prvočinitele) se nazývá <a href="/wiki/Faktorizace" title="Faktorizace">faktorizace</a>. Např. <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 24=2^{3}\cdot 3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>24</mn> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 24=2^{3}\cdot 3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a3051d5ebde50600a28595d7fe86c0f6c53b412" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:10.482ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 24=2^{3}\cdot 3}"></span>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okruh_(algebra)" title="Okruh (algebra)">Okruh</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/495f978658986fb58708b940436eaf70c7a5dbf8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.658ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}"></span> (viz <a href="/wiki/Mno%C5%BEina_zbytkov%C3%BDch_t%C5%99%C3%ADd" class="mw-redirect" title="Množina zbytkových tříd">množina zbytkových tříd</a>) je <a href="/wiki/T%C4%9Bleso_(algebra)" title="Těleso (algebra)">těleso</a>, právě když <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> je prvočíslo. Jinak vyjádřeno: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> je prvočíslo, právě když <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi (n)=n-1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>φ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi (n)=n-1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2346a999a996e4a6f15819a49e41fc4ea3d6d39d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.22ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi (n)=n-1}"></span>, kde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi (n)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>φ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi (n)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f067864064667dd5f8b2508b9cbf983d89788629" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.724ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi (n)}"></span> je <a href="/wiki/Eulerova_funkce" title="Eulerova funkce">počet invertovatelných prvků</a> v <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/495f978658986fb58708b940436eaf70c7a5dbf8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.658ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} /n{\mathbb {Z} }}"></span>.</li> <li>Pokud <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> je prvočíslo a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 0<a<p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>0</mn> <mo><</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo><</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 0<a<p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/20cf9841c04b23eaa716dff279e6684960367364" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:9.759ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 0<a<p}"></span> je celé číslo, pak <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a^{p}-a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>−</mo> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a^{p}-a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/19d2c5988bbf8e9f6e56a73c5b0d8391422f81ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:6.359ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a^{p}-a}"></span> je dělitelné <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>. (<a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A1_Fermatova_v%C4%9Bta" title="Malá Fermatova věta">Malá Fermatova věta</a>)</li> <li>Pokud <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> je kladné celé číslo větší než jedna, existuje prvočíslo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> tak, že <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n<p<2n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo><</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n<p<2n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5b1a1b415d54e5f45bbcf9bca5ed9b88fc1bd919" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.318ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n<p<2n}"></span>. (<a href="/wiki/Bertrand%C5%AFv_postul%C3%A1t" title="Bertrandův postulát">Bertrandův postulát</a>)</li> <li>Číslo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> větší než jedna je prvočíslo, právě když <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (p-1)!\equiv -1{\pmod {p}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>!</mo> <mo>≡</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="1em" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>mod</mi> <mspace width="0.333em" /> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (p-1)!\equiv -1{\pmod {p}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/45d18a5a5793c65b8e51e36bac25d0b9e8bfe22c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:24.551ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (p-1)!\equiv -1{\pmod {p}}}"></span>. (<a href="/wiki/Wilsonova_v%C4%9Bta" title="Wilsonova věta">Wilsonova věta</a>)</li> <li>Pokud <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span> je konečná <a href="/wiki/Grupa" title="Grupa">grupa</a> a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p^{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c6a7a7e74ae90ab94f01e1629177758fb68b423b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:2.477ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"></span> je nejvyšší mocnina prvočísla <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>, která dělí <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_grupy" class="mw-redirect" title="Řád grupy">řád grupy</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span>, má grupa <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Podgrupa" title="Podgrupa">podgrupu</a> řádu <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p^{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c6a7a7e74ae90ab94f01e1629177758fb68b423b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:2.477ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"></span>.</li> <li>Pokud <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> je prvočíslo a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span> je grupa s <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p^{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c6a7a7e74ae90ab94f01e1629177758fb68b423b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:2.477ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p^{n}}"></span> prvky, obsahuje <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span> prvek řádu <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>.</li> <li>Prvočísel je nekonečně mnoho. (Viz níže.)</li> <li>Suma převrácených hodnot prvočísel diverguje.</li> <li>Hustota prvočísel je asymptoticky <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1/\ln(n)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ln</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1/\ln(n)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/75e754ef5224b90ff423c489e276390e16fffa8e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.855ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1/\ln(n)}"></span>, kde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ln(n)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ln</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ln(n)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b40d8af55c5679aa769abbd67a7b98612c2aeaf5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.143ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \ln(n)}"></span> je <a href="/wiki/Logaritmus" title="Logaritmus">přirozený logaritmus</a> n. Přesněji, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \pi (n)\simeq n/\ln(n)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≃</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ln</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \pi (n)\simeq n/\ln(n)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/46e813ecc7705215bebc73a6d29ff2cc3092f834" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:15.722ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \pi (n)\simeq n/\ln(n)}"></span>, kde <a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADseln%C3%A1_funkce" title="Prvočíselná funkce">prvočíselná funkce</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \pi (n)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \pi (n)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ac42d38c71b368d5fbf1e05753e9c5c038cd671b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.536ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \pi (n)}"></span> vyjadřuje počet prvočísel menších než <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span>.</li> <li>Největší dnes (říjen 2024) známé prvočíslo je 2<sup>136279841</sup> − 1, má 41 024 320 dekadických cifer.<sup id="cite_ref-GIMPS-M136279841_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GIMPS-M136279841-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Zkoumáním vlastností prvočísel se zabývá <a href="/wiki/Teorie_%C4%8D%C3%ADsel" title="Teorie čísel">teorie čísel</a>. Zobecněním prvočísel jsou v <a href="/wiki/Abstraktn%C3%AD_algebra" title="Abstraktní algebra">abstraktní algebře</a> <a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8Dinitel" title="Prvočinitel">prvočinitelé</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Výskyt_prvočísel"><span id="V.C3.BDskyt_prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADsel"></span>Výskyt prvočísel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Výskyt prvočísel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Výskyt prvočísel"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prvočísel je nekonečně mnoho. (<a href="/wiki/D%C5%AFkaz_sporem" title="Důkaz sporem">Důkaz sporem</a>: Nechť existuje jen konečně mnoho prvočísel. Označme je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p_{1},p_{2},\ldots ,p_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p_{1},p_{2},\ldots ,p_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/285783ff056a02278bbcce0a1f1d01cd50b11540" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:13.137ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p_{1},p_{2},\ldots ,p_{n}}"></span>. Potom číslo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=p_{1}p_{2}\cdots p_{n}+1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋯</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=p_{1}p_{2}\cdots p_{n}+1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e1354926bb28d3fb4abd7d8a2a85e60650b346f2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:18.764ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=p_{1}p_{2}\cdots p_{n}+1}"></span> není dělitelné žádným z těchto prvočísel, jelikož při <a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Blen%C3%AD" title="Dělení">dělení</a> dostaneme vždy zbytek 1. Tím pádem číslo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span> musí být buď prvočíslo, nebo musí být dělitelné nějakým jiným prvočíslem. To ale znamená, že <a href="/wiki/Mno%C5%BEina" title="Množina">množina</a> prvočísel z počátku důkazu nebyla úplná, což je spor s předpokladem. Tento důkaz předvedl <a href="/wiki/Eukleid%C3%A9s" title="Eukleidés">Eukleidés</a>.) </p><p>Podle <a href="/wiki/Bertrand%C5%AFv_postul%C3%A1t" title="Bertrandův postulát">Bertrandova postulátu</a> lze nalézt vždy alespoň jedno prvočíslo mezi čísly <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/134afa8ff09fdddd24b06f289e92e3a045092bd1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.557ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2n}"></span> pro <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n>1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n>1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ee74e1cc07e7041edf0fcbd4481f5cd32ad17b64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n>1}"></span>. Ve skutečnosti jich však existuje pro vyšší <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> daleko více. (I z této věty lze dovodit, že prvočísel je nekonečně mnoho.) </p><p>Naproti tomu lze nalézt libovolně dlouhé intervaly přirozených čísel, kde se nevyskytuje žádné prvočíslo. Například interval <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (k+1)!+2,(k+1)!+3,\ldots ,(k+1)!+k+1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>!</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>!</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>!</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (k+1)!+2,(k+1)!+3,\ldots ,(k+1)!+k+1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/baa4fa1581ea2a4ceeb61c28b7029085c792851a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:45.283ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (k+1)!+2,(k+1)!+3,\ldots ,(k+1)!+k+1}"></span> obsahuje <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span> složených čísel. Tato čísla jsou totiž po řadě dělitelná dvěma, třemi, …, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k+1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k+1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/552a558062ed4c0486297b5b5531c5ee044dbd9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:5.214ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k+1}"></span>. </p><p>Mnoho hypotéz o rozložení prvočísel je dodnes nevyřešených. Jeden otevřený problém je tzv. <a href="/wiki/Riemannova_hypot%C3%A9za" title="Riemannova hypotéza">Riemannova hypotéza</a>, která souvisí s pravidelností rozložení prvočísel a za jejíž <a href="/wiki/Matematick%C3%BD_d%C5%AFkaz" title="Matematický důkaz">důkaz</a> je vypsána odměna milion dolarů. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speciální_prvočísla"><span id="Speci.C3.A1ln.C3.AD_prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADsla"></span>Speciální prvočísla</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Speciální prvočísla" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Speciální prvočísla"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Některá prvočísla lze vyjádřit v některé z několika matematicky zajímavých podob. Patří sem například: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fermatovo_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Fermatovo číslo">Fermatova čísla</a>: Prvočísly je prvních pět čísel ve formě <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2^{(2^{n})}+1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2^{(2^{n})}+1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e047fade6d24ac72ce5a84a0f6eacd11154de463" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:8.464ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2^{(2^{n})}+1}"></span>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersennovo_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Mersennovo prvočíslo">Mersennova prvočísla</a>: Prvočíslo ve formě <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2^{p}-1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2^{p}-1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d5c5977dbf385ba719fbb90f67b0a3d91e1da6d9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:6.224ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2^{p}-1}"></span>, kde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span> je jiné prvočíslo. Mersennovými prvočísly je mnoho z největších známých prvočísel.</li> <li>Některá prvočísla lze vyjádřit ve formě <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1+2\cdot 6^{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mn>6</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1+2\cdot 6^{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2283ae42459eb0a0d5a812d3d7d5b8c9511dcb25" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:9.225ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1+2\cdot 6^{n}}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Využití"><span id="Vyu.C5.BEit.C3.AD"></span>Využití</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Využití" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Využití"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Velký praktický význam mají prvočísla v <a href="/wiki/Kryptografie" title="Kryptografie">kryptografii</a>, například v šifrovacích systémech jako je <a href="/wiki/RSA" title="RSA">RSA</a>. </p><p>Pro vytvoření seznamu prvočísel existují různé <a href="/wiki/Algoritmus" title="Algoritmus">algoritmy</a>, např. <a href="/wiki/Eratosthenovo_s%C3%ADto" title="Eratosthenovo síto">Eratosthenovo síto</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Testování_prvočíselnosti"><span id="Testov.C3.A1n.C3.AD_prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADselnosti"></span>Testování prvočíselnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Testování prvočíselnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Testování prvočíselnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Otestovat, zda je číslo prvočíslem, tedy <a href="/wiki/Testov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADselnosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Testování prvočíselnosti">testovat prvočíselnost</a> je možné <a href="/wiki/Asymptotick%C3%A1_slo%C5%BEitost" title="Asymptotická složitost">asymptoticky</a> v <a href="/wiki/Polynomi%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_algoritmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynomiální algoritmus">polynomiálním čase</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Algoritmus_AKS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Algoritmus AKS (stránka neexistuje)">algoritmem AKS</a>, nalezeným roku 2002. Asymptoticky rekordní rychlost ovšem neznamená, že se jedná o algoritmus prakticky nejvýhodnější. V praxi bývá častější použití některého z <a href="/wiki/Pravd%C4%9Bpodobnostn%C3%AD_algoritmus" title="Pravděpodobnostní algoritmus">pravděpodobnostních algoritmů</a>, například <a href="/wiki/Miller%C5%AFv-Rabin%C5%AFv_test_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADselnosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Millerův-Rabinův test prvočíselnosti">Millerova-Rabinova algoritmu</a>. </p><p>Testování prvočíselnosti pomocí algoritmu využívajícího vlastností eliptických křivek (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ECPP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ECPP (stránka neexistuje)">ECPP</a>) je nejrychlejší známý algoritmus.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Příklad_testovacího_algoritmu"><span id="P.C5.99.C3.ADklad_testovac.C3.ADho_algoritmu"></span>Příklad testovacího algoritmu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editace sekce: Příklad testovacího algoritmu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Příklad testovacího algoritmu"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Následující jednoduchý algoritmus implementovaný v jazyce <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> zkouší dělit vstup všemi menšími čísly od 2 do jeho odmocniny - pokud nalezne v tomto intervalu dělitele zadaného čísla, je jasné, že zadané číslo není prvočíslo. Testovat stačí pouze do odmocniny, protože pokud <i>n</i> je složené číslo, můžeme psát: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=a\cdot {}b}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mi>b</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=a\cdot {}b}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/90277b65ff05bb2a7923a81c7c38fbabd0ab390a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:8.4ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=a\cdot {}b}"></span> pro <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a,b\in \mathbb {N} ,a,b>1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a,b\in \mathbb {N} ,a,b>1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/58fb7e66fbd69eec75b2c6732bd412fca979e809" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.336ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a,b\in \mathbb {N} ,a,b>1}"></span>. Pokud by nestačilo testovat do odmocniny, znamenalo by to, že <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a>{\sqrt {n}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a>{\sqrt {n}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1a46de8d2e96370367fd0911ef8a91baf8ce94ef" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:7.659ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a>{\sqrt {n}}}"></span> a současně <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle b>{\sqrt {n}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>b</mi> <mo>></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle b>{\sqrt {n}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/46cdfa24168c3b91f6c10157c0046dfa183b8812" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:7.427ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle b>{\sqrt {n}}}"></span>, vynásobíme-li ale tyto dva vztahy, máme <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a\cdot {}b>n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a\cdot {}b>n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e7ab31cd2761bd6228c58110fdab95ed17f2de1f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:8.4ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a\cdot {}b>n}"></span>, což je spor. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-cpp mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IsPrvocislo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">odmocnina</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">));</span> <span class="w"> </span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">odmocnina</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prvočísla_menší_než_1000"><span id="Prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADsla_men.C5.A1.C3.AD_ne.C5.BE_1000"></span>Prvočísla menší než 1000</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editace sekce: Prvočísla menší než 1000" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prvočísla menší než 1000"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239, 241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313, 317, 331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389, 397, 401, 409, 419, 421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 463, 467, 479, 487, 491, 499, 503, 509, 521, 523, 541, 547, 557, 563, 569, 571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601, 607, 613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643, 647, 653, 659, 661, 673, 677, 683, 691, 701, 709, 719, 727, 733, 739, 743, 751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811, 821, 823, 827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887, 907, 911, 919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, 991, 997 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Největší_známé_prvočíslo"><span id="Nejv.C4.9Bt.C5.A1.C3.AD_zn.C3.A1m.C3.A9_prvo.C4.8D.C3.ADslo"></span>Největší známé prvočíslo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editace sekce: Největší známé prvočíslo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Největší známé prvočíslo"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Největší známé prvočíslo je 2<sup>136279841</sup> − 1. Jedná se o <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADslo" title="Číslo">číslo</a>, které má 41 024 320 <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADslice" title="Číslice">číslic</a> v <a href="/wiki/Des%C3%ADtkov%C3%A1_soustava" title="Desítková soustava">desítkové soustavě</a>. Je to 52. známé <a href="/wiki/Mersennovo_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Mersennovo prvočíslo">Mersennovo prvočíslo</a>, označované jako M<sub>136279841</sub>. Číslo bylo objeveno v rámci projektu <a href="/wiki/Great_Internet_Mersenne_Prime_Search" title="Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search">GIMPS</a> v říjnu 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-GIMPS-M136279841_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GIMPS-M136279841-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=13" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GIMPS-M136279841-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-GIMPS-M136279841_1-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GIMPS-M136279841_1-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Largest Known Prime Number: 2<sup>136,279,841</sup>-1. <i>www.mersenne.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2024-10-21]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mersenne.org/primes/?press=M136279841">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.mersenne.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mersenne.org%2Fprimes%2F%3Fpress%3DM136279841&rft.atitle=Largest+Known+Prime+Number%3A+2%3Csup%3E136%2C279%2C841%3C%2Fsup%3E-1"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A205776">A205776: Primes of the form 2*6^n+1</a>. <a href="/wiki/OEIS" class="mw-redirect" title="OEIS">OEIS</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://primes.utm.edu/">The prime pages</a>, primes.utm.edu <span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="en" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: angličtina">(anglicky)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=14" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eratosthenovo_s%C3%ADto" title="Eratosthenovo síto">Eratosthenovo síto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersennovo_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Mersennovo prvočíslo">Mersennovo prvočíslo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirp" title="Emirp">Emirp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADseln%C3%BD_rozklad" title="Prvočíselný rozklad">Prvočíselný rozklad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADseln%C3%A1_dvojice" title="Prvočíselná dvojice">Prvočíselná dvojice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wieferichovo_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Wieferichovo prvočíslo">Wieferichovo prvočíslo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulamova_spir%C3%A1la" title="Ulamova spirála">Ulamova spirála</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2147483647" title="2147483647">2147483647</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ileg%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilegální prvočíslo">Ilegální prvočíslo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poloprvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Poloprvočíslo">Poloprvočíslo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo&action=edit&section=15" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prime_numbers" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Prime numbers">prvočíslo</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" class="extiw" title="wikt:prvočíslo">prvočíslo</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wikiversity"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/16px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/24px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/32px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Výukový kurs </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wikiversity.org/wiki/Prvo%C4%8D%C3%ADsla" class="extiw" title="v:Prvočísla">Prvočísla</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikiverzitě</span></span></span></li> <li><span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="en" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: angličtina">(anglicky)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://primes.utm.edu/">The Primes Pages</a> – přehledové i aktuální informace o výzkumu prvočísel</li> <li><span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="en" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: angličtina">(anglicky)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prime-numbers.org/">www.prime-numbers.org</a> – seznam prvočísel do 10 miliard</li> <li><span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="en" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: angličtina">(anglicky)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110317082045/http://www.walter-fendt.de/m14e/primes.htm">Prvočísla do jednoho bilionu</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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