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id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Evidencia" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Evidencia" title="É 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</div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Termos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Termos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Termos</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Termos-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Termos"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Termos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Na_epistemoloxía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_epistemoloxía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Na epistemoloxía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_epistemoloxía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_fenomenoloxía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_fenomenoloxía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Na fenomenoloxía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_fenomenoloxía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_filosofía_da_Ciencia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_filosofía_da_Ciencia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Na filosofía da Ciencia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_filosofía_da_Ciencia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outros_eidos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_eidos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Outros eidos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_eidos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Evidencia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 34 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewys" title="Bewys – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bewys" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84" title="دليل – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دليل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3_(%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8)" title="সাক্ষ্যপ্রমাণ (আইন) – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাক্ষ্যপ্রমাণ (আইন)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evid%C3%A8ncia" title="Evidència – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Evidència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A4" title="گرۆڤ – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرۆڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidens" title="Evidens – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Evidens" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidenz_(Philosophie)" title="Evidenz (Philosophie) – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Evidenz (Philosophie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Evidence" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidencia" title="Evidencia – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Evidencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidents" title="Evidents – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Evidents" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebidentzia" title="Ebidentzia – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ebidentzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87" title="گواه – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گواه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidenssi" title="Evidenssi – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Evidenssi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preuve" title="Preuve – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Preuve" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="साक्ष्य – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साक्ष्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidentajo" title="Evidentajo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Evidentajo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidenza" title="Evidenza – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Evidenza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಸಾಕ್ಷ್ಯ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾಕ್ಷ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Доказ – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Доказ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%82" title="Нотлох баримт – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нотлох баримт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidentie" title="Evidentie – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Evidentie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oczywisto%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Oczywistość – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oczywistość" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF" title="شواهد – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شواهد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evid%C3%AAncia" title="Evidência – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Evidência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dovad%C4%83_(filosofie)" title="Dovadă (filosofie) – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dovadă (filosofie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%92" title="සාක්‍ෂි – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සාක්‍ෂි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Evidence" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humbowo" title="Humbowo – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Humbowo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadayn" title="Cadayn – somalí" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cadayn" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ABshmia" title="Dëshmia – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dëshmia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Доказ – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Доказ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevis" title="Bevis – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bevis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%B1ng_ch%E1%BB%A9ng" title="Bằng chứng – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bằng chứng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%89%E6%93%9A" title="證據 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="證據" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1347572#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Evidencia" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Conversa:Evidencia" rel="discussion" title="Conversa acerca do contido desta páxina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Evidencia"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit" title="Editar o código fonte desta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar a fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=history" title="Versións anteriores desta páxina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Evidencia</b> (do latín, <i>ēvidens</i> 'visible, evidente, manifesto') é o carácter do que é certo e seguro<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup>; para unha <a href="/wiki/Proposici%C3%B3n" title="Proposición">proposición</a> é ou que apoia esa proposición. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Termos">Termos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Termos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Termos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enténdese xeralmente como unha indicación de que a proposición apoiada é certa. O papel da evidencia e como se entende varía dun campo a outro.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> A pesar da orixe latina da palabra, o termo evidencia como sinónimo de <b>proba definitiva</b> é en certo senso un <a href="/wiki/Anglicismo" title="Anglicismo">anglicismo</a> en <a href="/wiki/Linguas_rom%C3%A1nicas" title="Linguas románicas">linguas románicas</a> como galego, portugués ou castelán.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fálase de <b>evidencia empírica</b> se está constituída ou accesíbel á experiencia sensorial. Existen varias teorías en competencia sobre a definición exacta dos termos "evidencia" e "empírica". Diferentes campos, como a epistemoloxía, a ciencia ou o ordenamento xurídico, adoitan asociar conceptos diferentes a estes termos.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> Unha distinción importante entre as teorías da evidencia é se identifican a evidencia con estados mentais privados ou con obxectos físicos públicos. En canto ao termo "empírico", existe unha disputa sobre onde trazar a liña entre obxectos observábeis ou empíricos en contraste cos obxectos non observábeis ou soamente teóricos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_epistemoloxía"><span id="Na_epistemolox.C3.ADa"></span>Na epistemoloxía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Na epistemoloxía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na epistemoloxía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Epistemolox%C3%ADa" title="Epistemoloxía">epistemoloxía</a>, a evidencia é o que xustifica as crenzas ou o que fai racional adoptar unha determinada actitude doxástica. Por exemplo, unha experiencia perceptiva dunha árbore pode servir como evidencia para xustificar a crenza de que hai unha árbore. O papel enténdese xeralmente como un estado de ánimo privado. As cuestións importantes nesta área son preguntas sobre cales son a natureza destes estados mentais, por exemplo, teñen que ser proposicionais, e estes estados mentais enganosos tamén poden contar como probas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_fenomenoloxía"><span id="Na_fenomenolox.C3.ADa"></span>Na fenomenoloxía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Na fenomenoloxía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na fenomenoloxía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Fenomenolox%C3%ADa" title="Fenomenoloxía">fenomenoloxía</a>, a evidencia enténdese nun sentido semellante. Aquí, porén, non se limita á cognición intuitiva, que ofrece acceso inmediato á verdade e, polo tanto, é indubidable. Neste papel, suponse que debe proporcionar xustificacións finais dos principios filosóficos básicos e, ademais, converter a <a href="/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía">filosofía</a> nunha ciencia rigorosa. Non obstante, é moi controvertido que é evidente que estes requisitos poden cumprirse. </p><p>é a proba de que un feito determinado é <a href="/wiki/Verdade" title="Verdade">certo</a> ou de que algo existe ou ocorre nun marco específico. Pode ser directa ou inferir a partir de pistas ou probas dunha hipótese, no primeiro caso capta a <a href="/wiki/Intuici%C3%B3n" title="Intuición">intuición</a> (seguindo o razoamento de Descartes) ou a percepción inmediata e no segundo débese obter por <a href="/wiki/Razoamento_indutivo" title="Razoamento indutivo">indución</a> ou dedución. Pon fin á dúbida e, polo tanto, permite sacar conclusións. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_filosofía_da_Ciencia"><span id="Na_filosof.C3.ADa_da_Ciencia"></span>Na filosofía da Ciencia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Na filosofía da Ciencia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na filosofía da Ciencia"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nas ciencias, a evidencia enténdese como aquela que confirma ou desconfirma as <a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3tese" title="Hipótese">hipóteses</a> científicas. O termo "confirmación" úsase ás veces como sinónimo de apoio probatorio. As medicións da órbita "anómala" de <a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(planeta)" title="Mercurio (planeta)">Mercurio</a>, por exemplo, considéranse probas que confirman a <a href="/wiki/Relatividade_xeral" title="Relatividade xeral">relatividade xeral</a> de <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a>. Isto é especialmente importante para escoller entre 'teorías competidoras'. Así, no caso anterior, a evidencia xoga o papel de árbitro neutral entre as teorías da <a href="/wiki/Gravidade" title="Gravidade">gravidade</a> de <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newton</a> (véxase <i><a href="/wiki/Leis_de_Newton" title="Leis de Newton">Leis de Newton</a></i>) e de Einstein. Isto só é posible se a evidencia científica é pública e non controvertida, de xeito que os representantes das teorías que compiten entre os científicos coinciden sobre as probas dispoñíbeis. Estes requisitos suxiren que a evidencia científica non consiste en estados mentais privados, senón en obxectos ou eventos físicos públicos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_eidos">Outros eidos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Outros eidos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros eidos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O termo xeral é de aplicación en campos moi diversos como o <a href="/wiki/Dereito" title="Dereito">Dereito</a>, <a href="/wiki/Administraci%C3%B3n_p%C3%BAblica" title="Administración pública">Administración pública</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xeograf%C3%ADa" title="Xeografía">Xeografía</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demograf%C3%ADa" title="Demografía">Demografía</a>, <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">Historia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1ticas" title="Matemáticas">Matemáticas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa" title="Economía">Economía</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empresa" title="Empresa">Empresa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comercio" title="Comercio">Comercio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academia.gal/dicionario/-/termo/busca/evidencia">"Dicionario"</a>. <i>Real Academia Galega</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AEvidencia&rft.atitle=Dicionario&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Real+Academia+Galega&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademia.gal%2Fdicionario%2F-%2Ftermo%2Fbusca%2Fevidencia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aplicacions.usc.es/buscatermos/publica/index.htm;jsessionid=54C72741C00D4F04C2B0499A24079852">"bUSCatermos"</a>. <i>aplicacions.usc.es</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AEvidencia&rft.atitle=bUSCatermos&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aplicacions.usc.es&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faplicacions.usc.es%2Fbuscatermos%2Fpublica%2Findex.htm%3Bjsessionid%3D54C72741C00D4F04C2B0499A24079852&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ligaz%C3%B3ns_mortas" title="Wikipedia:Ligazóns mortas">Ligazón morta</a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/evidencia-prueba/">"«evidencia» no siempre es «prueba» ; FundéuRAE"</a>. <i>www.fundeu.es</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_castel%C3%A1" title="Lingua castelá">castelán</a>)</span>. 2015-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AEvidencia&rft.atitle=%ABevidencia%BB+no+siempre+es+%ABprueba%BB+%3B+Fund%C3%A9uRAE&rft.date=2015-06-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fundeu.es&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundeu.es%2Frecomendacion%2Fevidencia-prueba%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt/consultorio/perguntas/o-anglicismo-semantico-evidencia/15993">"O anglicismo semântico “evidência” - Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa"</a>. <i>ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AEvidencia&rft.atitle=O+anglicismo+sem%C3%A2ntico+%9Cevid%C3%AAncia%9D+-+Ciberd%C3%BAvidas+da+L%C3ngua+Portuguesa&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt%2Fconsultorio%2Fperguntas%2Fo-anglicismo-semantico-evidencia%2F15993&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:  <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Evidence" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Evidence">Evidencia</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347572" title="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata"><img alt="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evidencia_cient%C3%ADfica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evidencia científica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Evidencia científica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medicina_baseada_na_evidencia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medicina baseada na evidencia (a páxina aínda non existe)">Medicina baseada na evidencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9todo_cient%C3%ADfico" title="Método científico">Método científico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proba_matem%C3%A1tica" title="Proba matemática">Proba matemática</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347572" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1347572">Q1347572</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Florencia" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florencia">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=31512">31512</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX543297">XX543297</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11948989p">11948989p</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">GEC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0521489.xml">0521489</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85045994">sh85045994</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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