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potensiell energi og felter</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kraft,_potensiell_energi_og_felter-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Kraft, potensiell energi og felter</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kraft,_potensiell_energi_og_felter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Potensiell_energi_i_et_elektrisk_felt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potensiell_energi_i_et_elektrisk_felt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Potensiell energi i et elektrisk felt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potensiell_energi_i_et_elektrisk_felt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektrisk_potensial_i_forskjellige_sammenhenger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektrisk_potensial_i_forskjellige_sammenhenger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Elektrisk potensial i forskjellige sammenhenger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektrisk_potensial_i_forskjellige_sammenhenger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spenning_som_elektrisk_potensialforskjell" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spenning_som_elektrisk_potensialforskjell"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Spenning som elektrisk potensialforskjell</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spenning_som_elektrisk_potensialforskjell-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektronvolt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektronvolt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Elektronvolt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektronvolt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elektrisk potensial</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 64 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_potensial" title="Elektrisk potensial – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elektrisk potensial" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_potential" title="Elektrisk potential – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elektrisk potential" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektriese_potensiaal" title="Elektriese potensiaal – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elektriese potensiaal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%A4%E1%88%8C%E1%8A%AD%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD_%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%9D%E1%89%85" title="የኤሌክትሪክ እምቅ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የኤሌክትሪክ እምቅ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="كمون كهربائي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كمون كهربائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_ll%C3%A9tricu" title="Potencial llétricu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Potencial llétricu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%AC" title="তড়িৎ বিভব – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তড়িৎ বিভব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Электрычны патэнцыял – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Электрычны патэнцыял" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Электрычны патэнцыял – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Электрычны патэнцыял" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Електричен потенциал – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Електричен потенциал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisches_Potenzi%C3%A4u" title="Elektrisches Potenziäu – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Elektrisches Potenziäu" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_potencijal" title="Električni potencijal – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Električni potencijal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_el%C3%A8ctric" title="Potencial elèctric – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Potencial elèctric" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Электростатикăлла потенциал – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Электростатикăлла потенциал" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_potenci%C3%A1l" title="Elektrický potenciál – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektrický potenciál" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisches_Potential" title="Elektrisches Potential – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektrisches Potential" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektriv%C3%A4lja_potentsiaal" title="Elektrivälja potentsiaal – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elektrivälja potentsiaal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C" title="Ηλεκτρικό δυναμικό – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηλεκτρικό δυναμικό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential" title="Electric potential – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Electric potential" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_el%C3%A9ctrico" title="Potencial eléctrico – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Potencial eléctrico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektra_potencialo" title="Elektra potencialo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elektra potencialo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentzial_elektriko" title="Potentzial elektriko – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Potentzial elektriko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پتانسیل الکتریکی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پتانسیل الکتریکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiel_%C3%A9lectrique" title="Potentiel électrique – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Potentiel électrique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poit%C3%A9inseal_leictreach" title="Poitéinseal leictreach – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Poitéinseal leictreach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_el%C3%A9ctrico" title="Potencial eléctrico – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Potencial eléctrico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9C%84" title="전위 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전위" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5" title="विद्युत विभव – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विद्युत विभव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_potencijal" title="Električni potencijal – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Električni potencijal" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potensial_listrik" title="Potensial listrik – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Potensial listrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Potenziale elettrico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99" title="פוטנציאל חשמלי – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוטנציאל חשמלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ელექტრული პოტენციალი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელექტრული პოტენციალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektromos_potenci%C3%A1l" title="Elektromos potenciál – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elektromos potenciál" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Електричен потенцијал – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Електричен потенцијал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5" title="विद्युत विभव – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विद्युत विभव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keupayaan_elektrik" title="Keupayaan elektrik – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Keupayaan elektrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Цахилгаан потенциал – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цахилгаан потенциал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrische_potentiaal" title="Elektrische potentiaal – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elektrische potentiaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BD%8D" title="電位 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電位" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%AC" title="ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ବିଭବ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ବିଭବ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrostatik_potensial" title="Elektrostatik potensial – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektrostatik potensial" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencja%C5%82_elektryczny" title="Potencjał elektryczny – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Potencjał elektryczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_el%C3%A9trico" title="Potencial elétrico – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Potencial elétrico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poten%C8%9Bial_electric" title="Potențial electric – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Potențial electric" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Электростатический потенциал – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электростатический потенциал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundshm%C3%ABria_elektrike" title="Mundshmëria elektrike – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mundshmëria elektrike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential" title="Electric potential – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Electric potential" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_potenci%C3%A1l" title="Elektrický potenciál – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Elektrický potenciál" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_potencial" title="Električni potencial – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Električni potencial" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%B5%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="پۆتەنشڵی کارەبایی – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پۆتەنشڵی کارەبایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Електрични потенцијал – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Електрични потенцијал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_potencijal" title="Električni potencijal – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Električni potencijal" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4hk%C3%B6potentiaali" title="Sähköpotentiaali – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sähköpotentiaali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrikong_potensiyal" title="Elektrikong potensiyal – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elektrikong potensiyal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Электростатик потенциал – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Электростатик потенциал" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="ศักย์ไฟฟ้า – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศักย์ไฟฟ้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrik_potansiyeli" title="Elektrik potansiyeli – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elektrik potansiyeli" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Електростатичний потенціал – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Електростатичний потенціал" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%8F%DB%81%D8%AF" title="برقی جُہد – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برقی جُہد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_th%E1%BA%BF" title="Điện thế – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện thế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%BF" title="电势 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电势" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Lightning_over_Oradea_Romania_zoom.jpg/375px-Lightning_over_Oradea_Romania_zoom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Lightning_over_Oradea_Romania_zoom.jpg/500px-Lightning_over_Oradea_Romania_zoom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption>Potensialforskjell mellom himmel og jord. Det elektriske feltet akselellerer ladede partikler, det manifesterer seg som lyn. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"><span class="hidden"> </span>Foto: Mircea Madau </div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Elektrisk potensial</b>, eller <b>elektrostatisk potensial</b>, er mengden av elektrisk <a href="/wiki/Potensiell_energi" title="Potensiell energi">potensiell energi</a> per ladningsenhet som en <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_ladning" title="Elektrisk ladning">elektrisk ladning</a> ville ha i et <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_felt" title="Elektrisk felt">elektrisk felt</a> bestemt ut fra posisjonen i rommet. Det er lik det <a href="/wiki/Arbeid_(fysikk)" title="Arbeid (fysikk)">arbeidet</a> som utføres av et elektrisk felt når en ladning flyttes til dette stedet fra en referanseposisjon. Referansepunktet kan være <a href="/wiki/Jording" title="Jording">jordpotensialet</a>, eller et annet fritt valgt sted. Elektrisk potensial er med på å definere <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_spenning" title="Elektrisk spenning">elektrisk spenning</a>, eller <i>elektrisk potensialdifferens</i>, ved at spenningen er differensen mellom to potensialer i et elektrisk felt. </p><p>Enheten for potensial er <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">volt</a> [V] etter den italienske vitenskapsmannen <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Volta" title="Alessandro Volta">Alessandro Volta</a> (1745-1827). En volt er lik en <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">joule</a> per <a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">coulomb</a>. </p><p>Elektrisk potensial har en klar analogi til <a href="/wiki/Klassisk_mekanikk" title="Klassisk mekanikk">klassisk mekanikk</a>, der potensialet er definert i jordens tyngdefelt bare ut fra posisjonen i feltet. På samme måte som egenskapen som får et legeme til å tiltrekkes mot jorden er <a href="/wiki/Masse" title="Masse">massen</a>, er det ladningen som får en elektrisk ladd partikkel til å bevege seg i et elektrisk felt. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kraft,_potensiell_energi_og_felter"><span id="Kraft.2C_potensiell_energi_og_felter"></span>Kraft, potensiell energi og felter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kraft, potensiell energi og felter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kraft, potensiell energi og felter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elektriske ladninger er alltid bipolare, det vil si at elektriske egenskaper beskrives som enten positive eller negative ladninger. En annen egenskap er at elektriske ladninger bare oppstår som diskrete kvantiteter, det vil si at de har elektronets ladning som grunnenhet. Altså oppstår ladninger som multipler av elektronladningen, som er 1,6022·10<sup>−19</sup> <a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">C</a>. Det virker krefter mellom ladninger, slik at ulike ladninger tiltrekkes, mens like ladninger frastøtes. Et annen fenomen med ladninger er at de omgir seg med elektriske felter.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Størrelsen av kraften er gitt som produktet av ladning og styrken av det elektriske feltet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Potensiell_energi_i_et_elektrisk_felt">Potensiell energi i et elektrisk felt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Potensiell energi i et elektrisk felt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Potensiell energi i et elektrisk felt"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Electric_potential_for_a_positive_charge_in_motion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Electric_potential_for_a_positive_charge_in_motion.jpg/250px-Electric_potential_for_a_positive_charge_in_motion.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="428" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Electric_potential_for_a_positive_charge_in_motion.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="582" /></a><figcaption>Skisse av en elektrisk ladning i et elektrisk felt. Den røde pilen viser retningen av kraften på partikkelen som det elektriske feltet skaper, den grønne pilen viser partikkelens bevegelse. I nederste bilde virker derfor en ekstra, ekstern kraft på den.</figcaption></figure> <p>I klassisk mekanikk er begrepene <a href="/wiki/Arbeid_(fysikk)" title="Arbeid (fysikk)">arbeid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potensiell_energi" title="Potensiell energi">potensiell energi</a> og <a href="/wiki/Energiprinsippet" title="Energiprinsippet">regelen om konservering av energi</a> mye brukte konsepter. Også i forbindelse med elektriske felter brukes disse reglene. <a href="/wiki/Kraft" title="Kraft">Kraft</a> og potensiell energi er direkte relatert; en gjenstand som står på et bord har større potensiell energi enn om den samme gjenstanden stod nede på gulvet under bordet. En gjenstand som står på et bord, mister energi når den faller ned og denne energien omskapes til bevegelse, altså kinetisk energi. </p><p>Utført arbeid i mekanikken er produktet av kraft og vei, også for elektriske felter benyttes denne sammenhengen. Om en tenker seg en elektrisk ladd partikkel i et elektrisk felt som blir beveget, vil arbeidet <i>W</i> som den elektriske kraften utfører på partikkelen være lik produktet av den tilbakelagte veilengden og størrelsen av kraften. </p><p>Bildet til høyre viser to elektrisk ladede plater med ulik polaritet (positiv og negativ elektrisk ladning) som står midt imot hverandre slik at det skapes et <a href="/wiki/Homogenitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Homogenitet">homogent</a> (uniformt) <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_felt" title="Elektrisk felt">elektrisk felt</a> med feltstyrke <b>E</b>  mellom dem. Det er satt en pil over symbolet for å markere at det er snakk om et <a href="/wiki/Vektorfelt" title="Vektorfelt">vektorfelt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Retningen av feltet er ovenfra og ned, altså fra positivt ladet plate mot negativ. Midt i det elektriske feltet er det plassert en <i>testladning</i> med positiv polaritet <i>q</i><sub>0</sub>. Det virker en kraft på ladningen på grunn av feltet og denne kraften virker bare i én retning, nemlig nedover slik som den store røde pilen viser. Styrke og retning av denne kraften er gitt ved <span class="nowrap"><b>F</b> = <i>q</i><sub>0</sub><b>E</b> </span>.<sup id="cite_ref-YL781_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL781-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det er en tydelig analogi mellom potensiell energi for en elektrisk partikkel og for potensiell energi for et legeme i et gravitasjonsfelt: Den potensielle energi av et legeme i jordens <a href="/wiki/Tyngdekraft" title="Tyngdekraft">tyngdefelt</a> er <i>U = gmh</i>, der <i>g</i> er <a href="/wiki/Tyngdeakselerasjon" title="Tyngdeakselerasjon">tyngdeakselerasjonen</a>, <i>m</i> er <a href="/wiki/Masse" title="Masse">massen</a> og <i>h</i> er høyden over bakken. På samme måte er potensiell energi for en ladet partikkel <i>q<sub>0</sub></i> i et elektrisk felt gitt av <i>U = q<sub>0</sub>Ey</i> der <i>y</i> er distansen fra det som er satt til å være nullpotensialet. </p><p>I det øverste bildet virker den elektriske kraften på ladningen og drar den nedover <i>a</i> til <i>b</i>, altså i samme retning som det elektriske feltet. Her er bevegelsen markert med en grønn pil. Feltet utfører da et positivt arbeid som gir partikkelen en <a href="/wiki/Kinetisk_energi" title="Kinetisk energi">kinetisk energi</a>. Denne skapes på bekostning av den potensielle energien som dermed reduseres med<sup id="cite_ref-YL781_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL781-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{b}-U_{a}=q_{0}Ey_{b}-q_{0}Ey_{a}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>E</mi> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>E</mi> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{b}-U_{a}=q_{0}Ey_{b}-q_{0}Ey_{a}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1cedfe8176460c84cf61678fe39e40f70a04628c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:32.862ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{b}-U_{a}=q_{0}Ey_{b}-q_{0}Ey_{a}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>der alle symbolene er de samme som tidligere. I den nederste figuren virker det en ekstern kraften i motsatt retning av feltet og beveger partikkelen oppover igjen, angitt ved den grønne pilen. Den gjør et positivt arbeid på ladningen slik at dens poteniselle energi øker med<sup id="cite_ref-YL781_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL781-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=\Delta U=q_{0}E(y_{b}-y_{a})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=\Delta U=q_{0}E(y_{b}-y_{a})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5f1d04796569fabf1743927b78693363075f6843" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.394ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=\Delta U=q_{0}E(y_{b}-y_{a})}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Det som er viktig egenskap med dette uniforme elektriske feltet er at det er et <a href="/wiki/Potensiell_energi#Konservative_krefter" title="Potensiell energi">konservativt felt</a>, noe som betyr at veien fra <i>a</i> til <i>b</i> som testladningen beveges er irrelevant. Dermed er den potensielle energien for et gitt punkt i feltet kun avhengig av distansen <i>y</i> fra et definert referansenivå. En annen konsekvens av dette er at summen av potensiell og <a href="/wiki/Kinetisk_energi" title="Kinetisk energi">kinetisk energi</a> på grunn av bevegelse er konstant, altså at total mekanisk <a href="/wiki/Energiprinsippet" title="Energiprinsippet">energi er konservert</a>, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{a}+U_{a}=K_{b}+U_{b}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{a}+U_{a}=K_{b}+U_{b}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8171e5a20894fbd3b6116f82d141fc3b10124cbe" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:19.979ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{a}+U_{a}=K_{b}+U_{b}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>der <i>K<sub>a</sub></i> og <i>K<sub>b</sub></i> er kinetisk energi ved henholdsvis <i>a</i> og <i>b</i>. Dette er igjen en analogi til bevegelse av et legeme i jordens tyngdefelt.<sup id="cite_ref-YL781_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL781-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Når bevegelsen av testladningen er slik at <i>y<sub>a</sub></i> er større enn <i>y<sub>b</sub></i>, altså bevegelse nedover og med feltet som i det øverste bildet, gjør feltet et positivt arbeid og potensiell energi <i>U</i> avtar. Når situasjonen er slik som det nederste bildet viser med den eksterne kraften som virker oppover, er arbeidet som feltet gjør negativ og ladningen får økt potensiell energi.<sup id="cite_ref-YL882_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL882-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Med en negativ testladning øker den potensielle energien om ladningen beveger seg med feltet, motsatt minker den potensielle energien når ladningen beveger seg mot feltet. Sagt på en annen og mer generell måte: Uansett ladningens polaritet øker dens potensielle energi ved bevegelse mot den elektriske kraften <b>F</b>, og den minker med bevegelse med den elektriske kraften. Dette er også analogt med et legeme som beveger seg i tyngdefeltet, det øker sin potensielle energi ved bevegelse mot tyngdekraften, og vice versa.<sup id="cite_ref-YL882_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL882-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elektrisk_potensial_i_forskjellige_sammenhenger">Elektrisk potensial i forskjellige sammenhenger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Elektrisk potensial i forskjellige sammenhenger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Elektrisk potensial i forskjellige sammenhenger"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:CampoPotencial.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/CampoPotencial.svg/250px-CampoPotencial.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/CampoPotencial.svg/375px-CampoPotencial.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/CampoPotencial.svg/500px-CampoPotencial.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption>En testladning i et homogent elektrisk felt. Dette kan for eksempel kan være et utsnitt av feltet mellom to ladde plater som i figuren over. Kraften <b>F</b> virker på den elektriske testpartikkelen i feltet <b>E</b>. De stiplede linjen markerer to posisjoner der potensialet har forskjellige verdier <i>V<sub>a</sub></i> og <i>V<sub>b</sub></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Elektrisk potensial er definert som potensiell energi per ladningsenhet. Definisjonen kan gjelde testladningen som ble introdusert over. Potensialet <i>V</i> et sted i et elektrisk felt er definert som den potensielle energien <i>U</i> per ladningsenhet. Dette kan uttrykkes som<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V={U \over q_{0}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>U</mi> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V={U \over q_{0}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/42494894348bfb5a8d2e9d0800517691398e386a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:7.813ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V={U \over q_{0}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>I bildet til høyre sees en positiv testladning i et homogent elektrisk felt, der de to stiplete linjene markerer posisjoner hvor potensialet har verdiene <i>V<sub>a</sub></i> og <i>V<sub>b</sub></i>. Om partikkelen beveger seg langs en av disse linjene, er potensialet det samme og derfor også dens potensielle energi. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg/250px-Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg/375px-Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg/500px-Electric_field_point_lines_equipotentials.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="372" /></a><figcaption>Elektriske <a href="/wiki/Feltlinje" title="Feltlinje">feltlinjer</a> inn mot en negativ partikkel (kuleform). De røde linjene viser forskjellige <i>nivåflater</i> eller <a href="/wiki/Ekvipotensialflate" title="Ekvipotensialflate">ekvipotensialflater</a> der den potensielle energien i feltet har samme verdi. Partikkelen er kuleformet, dermed har også ekvipotensialflatene kuleform.</figcaption></figure> <p>Uttrykket for potensialet vil ha forskjellig form avhengig av de elektriske feltlinjenes utbredelse i rommet. Det enkleste tilfellet er et homogent felt mellom to store parallelle plater. Et annet tilfelle er en punktladning som vist i bildet til høyre. Her vil feltet svekkes desto lengre vekk fra ladningen en kommer. For en testladning i en gitt distanse fra den ladde punktladningen er den potensielle energien gitt av: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{qq_{0} \over r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{qq_{0} \over r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/53817fa6a5715d1024e9a9504946f87c173d90b8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:14.346ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{qq_{0} \over r}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>der <i>ε</i><sub>0</sub> er den <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_konstant" title="Elektrisk konstant">elektriske konstanten</a>, <i>q</i> er ladningen til partikkelen som er opphavet til feltet, <i>q</i><sub>0</sub> er ladningen til testladningen og <i>r</i> er avstanden mellom ladningen og testladningen. Potensialet der testladningen befinner seg, er derfor denne potensielle energien delt på <i>q</i><sub>0</sub>, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{q \over r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>q</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{q \over r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d1dab977b5c51a3ce484732c0148e1d2d30d0ccc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:12.26ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{q \over r}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Om ladningen <i>q</i> er positiv er potensialet <i>V</i> også positivt alle steder, om ladningen er negativ er potensialet negativt alle steder. Potensialet er imidlertid uavhengig av testladningens polaritet.<sup id="cite_ref-YL788_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL788-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det trenger heller ikke være noen ladning tilstede for at det skal være et elektrisk potensial.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For en samling av <i>n</i> punktladninger er potensialet gitt som </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}({q_{1} \over r_{1}}+{q_{2} \over r_{2}}+...+{q_{n} \over r_{n}})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}({q_{1} \over r_{1}}+{q_{2} \over r_{2}}+...+{q_{n} \over r_{n}})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f6861b7a86eaf9921dfcf89c59bd9e40e00c1eda" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:30.703ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V={1 \over 4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}({q_{1} \over r_{1}}+{q_{2} \over r_{2}}+...+{q_{n} \over r_{n}})}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Beregning av potensialet fra mer generelle ladningsfordelinger er en del av <a href="/wiki/Elektrostatikk" title="Elektrostatikk">elektrostatikken</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png/250px-Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png/375px-Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png/500px-Electrical_potential_and_field_lines_between_two_wires.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Elektriske <a href="/wiki/Feltlinje" title="Feltlinje">feltlinjer</a> beregnet av et dataprogram for to elektriske ledere tilknyttet en spenningskilde på 12 V. De gule linjene markerer <a href="/wiki/Ekvipotensialflate" title="Ekvipotensialflate">ekvipotensialflater</a> der det elektriske potensialet er det samme.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23957101"><div class="byline"><span class="hidden"> </span>Foto: Bret Mulvey </div></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Feltlinje" title="Feltlinje">Feltlinjer</a> visualiserer et elektrisk felt og på samme måte er det vanlig å fremstille elektriske potensialer grafisk. Potensialer er flater i et elektrisk felt som en kaller <a href="/wiki/Ekvipotensialflate" title="Ekvipotensialflate">ekvipotensialflater</a>. I bildet til høyre er det vist to elektriske ledninger som er spenningssatt. De grå linjene markerer feltlinjene til det elektriske feltet. Her er lederne tredimensjonale objekter, dermed vil ekvipotensialflatene også være tredimensjonale. Generelt kan en si at feltlinjene står normalt på ekvipotensialflatene, det elektriske feltet markeres med linjer og ekvipotensialflatene er overflater. Bare i spesialtilfellet at feltet er homogent er feltlinjene rette parallelle linjer med like stor avstand mellom dem. I et slikt tilfelle er ekvipotensialflatene parallelle plan.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spenning_som_elektrisk_potensialforskjell">Spenning som elektrisk potensialforskjell</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Spenning som elektrisk potensialforskjell" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Spenning som elektrisk potensialforskjell"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formelen helt øverst i forrige kapittel som viser endring av energi for en testladning som beveges i et elektrisk felt fra posisjonen <i>a</i> til <i>b</i>, kan skrives om med definisjonen av potensialet satt inn,<sup id="cite_ref-YL788_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL788-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {W_{a\rightarrow b} \over q_{0}}={\Delta U \over q_{0}}={U_{b} \over q_{0}}-{U_{a} \over q_{0}}=V_{b}-V_{a}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {W_{a\rightarrow b} \over q_{0}}={\Delta U \over q_{0}}={U_{b} \over q_{0}}-{U_{a} \over q_{0}}=V_{b}-V_{a}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9ecbfe80d6ea5d74d2922f14e48ec746a215f3f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:37.648ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {W_{a\rightarrow b} \over q_{0}}={\Delta U \over q_{0}}={U_{b} \over q_{0}}-{U_{a} \over q_{0}}=V_{b}-V_{a}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>der <i>V<sub>a</sub> = U<sub>a</sub>/q<sub>0</sub></i> er potensiell energien per ladningsenhet ved punkt <i>a</i> og <i>V<sub>b</sub> = U<sub>b</sub>/q<sub>0</sub></i> er tilsvarende energien per ladningsenhet ved punkt <i>b</i>. Videre er <i>V<sub>a</sub></i> og <i>V<sub>b</sub></i> potensialet ved henholdsvis posisjonen <i>a</i> og <i>b</i>. Arbeidet per enhetsladning som gjøres av et elektrisk felt når ladningen forflyttes fra <i>a</i> til <i>b</i> er med andre ord lik potensialforskjellen ved <i>a</i> minus den ved <i>b</i>. Dermed sier en at <i>V<sub>a</sub> - V<sub>b</sub></i> er potensialet ved posisjon <i>a</i> i forhold til <i>b</i>, som er en differanse som ofte skrives <i>V<sub>ab</sub></i>, altså<sup id="cite_ref-YL788_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YL788-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=V_{ab}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=V_{ab}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/79c2ddc2807e41bc1979db2edf19ca1df2997307" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.851ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=V_{ab}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>For kretsanalyse er dette definisjonen av spenning i henhold til <a href="/wiki/IEC" class="mw-redirect" title="IEC">IEC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I en elektrisk leder som tilknyttes en spenningskilde vil det gå et elektrisk felt, dette feltet er sterkere jo større potensialdifferensen <i>V<sub>ab</sub></i> mellom terminalene <i>V<sub>a</sub></i> og <i>V<sub>b</sub></i> til spenningskilden er. Dette igjen avgjør hvor stor strøm <i>I</i> som går i lederen, noe som er gitt av <a href="/wiki/Ohms_lov" title="Ohms lov">Ohms lov</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg/250px-Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg/375px-Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg/500px-Electrostatic_definition_of_voltage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Bevegelse av en <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_ladning" title="Elektrisk ladning">elektrisk ladning</a> <i>q</i> i et elektrostatisk felt som ikke er homogent. <a href="/wiki/Arbeid_(fysikk)" title="Arbeid (fysikk)">Arbeidet</a> som utføres er det samme ved bevegelse fra A til B uavhengig av veiens form og lengde.</figcaption></figure> <p>En annen og mer generell definisjon av spenning i tilfelle av at det elektriske feltet ikke er homogent tar utgangspunkt i uttrykket <span class="nowrap"><b>F</b> = <i>q</i><sub>0</sub><b>E</b> </span> . For å finne arbeidet ved å bevege en testladning fra <i>a</i> til <i>b</i> brukes den basale sammenhengen om at arbeid er lik kraft multiplisert med vei. Kraften som beveger partikkelen, virker motsatt av den elektriske kraften på den. I det generelle tilfellet når feltet ikke lenger er konstant, er det utførte arbeidet dermed gitt ved <a href="/wiki/Integrasjon" title="Integrasjon">integralet</a> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=-\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {F} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,=-\int _{a}^{b}q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">F</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=-\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {F} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,=-\int _{a}^{b}q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/913a7153a09a8509bbacd50fa7c8d91717778653" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:38.016ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle W_{a\rightarrow b}=-\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {F} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,=-\int _{a}^{b}q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}"></span></dd></dl> <p>der <i>s</i> er den vilkårlige veien ladningen forflyttes . Ved å dividere alle leddene med <i>q<sub>0</sub></i> kan dette skrives som </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/996f8ccbbe5401a78b991450c480b8a631c10fbd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:20.572ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{a}-V_{b}=\int _{a}^{b}\mathbf {E} \cdot d\mathbf {s} \,}"></span></dd></dl> <p>som også er lik med <i>V<sub>ab</sub></i>. Dette er den helt generelle definisjonen som IEC har gitt for spenning.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elektronvolt">Elektronvolt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Elektronvolt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Elektronvolt"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For beregninger på atomært nivå brukes ofte enheten <a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">elektronvolt</a> som er relatert til <a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A6rladning" title="Elementærladning">elementærladningen</a> <i>e</i> til ett elektron. Si at en partikkel med ladning <i>q</i> beveger seg i et elektrisk felt der potensialet er <i>V<sub>b</sub></i> til et punkt med potensial <i>V<sub>a</sub></i>, så er endringen av potensiell energi gitt av<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{a}-U_{b}=q(V_{a}-V_{b})=qV_{ab}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>q</mi> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{a}-U_{b}=q(V_{a}-V_{b})=qV_{ab}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2628b353990dcc2ea0d2c8c04881fd3ac9a2cb6a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:35.77ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta U=U_{a}-U_{b}=q(V_{a}-V_{b})=qV_{ab}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Om <i>q</i> er lik elektronladningen <i>e</i> som er 1,602·10<sup>−19</sup> C og potensialdifferensen er <i>V<sub>ab</sub></i> = 1 V, så defineres energidifferansen Δ<i>U</i>  å være en elektronvolt, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1\,{\rm {{eV}=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}{\rm {{C}\cdot 1V=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}J.}}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>602</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>19</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>602</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>19</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1\,{\rm {{eV}=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}{\rm {{C}\cdot 1V=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}J.}}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9b06fea99772f5ad870b543fa69b31ed67b56864" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:44.312ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1\,{\rm {{eV}=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}{\rm {{C}\cdot 1V=1,602\cdot 10^{-19}J.}}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Til tross for navnet er det altså ikke snakk om en spenning, men en energimengde. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektrostatikk" title="Elektrostatikk">Elektrostatikk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statisk_elektrisitet" title="Statisk elektrisitet">Statisk elektrisitet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Magnetisme</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#EC">James W. Nilsson (1990), s. 5-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 724</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YL781-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-YL781_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL781_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL781_3-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL781_3-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 781</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YL882-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-YL882_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL882_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 882</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 787</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YL788-6"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-YL788_6-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL788_6-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YL788_6-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 788</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 789</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 798-799</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-56">electropedia, definisjon 131-11-56.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314175547/http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-56">Arkivert</a> 14. mars 2016 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160203221151/http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-27">«electropedia, definisjon 121-11-27.»</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-27">originalen</a> 3. februar 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 7. februar 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AElektrisk+potensial&rft.btitle=electropedia%2C+definisjon+121-11-27.&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electropedia.org%2Fiev%2Fiev.nsf%2Fdisplay%3Fopenform%26ievref%3D121-11-27&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#YL">Young og Freedman (2008), s. 790</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="YL" class="citation book">Hugo D. Young og Roger A. Freedman (2008). <i>University Physics</i> (på engelsk) (XII utg.). Addison Wesley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-321-50130-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-321-50130-1">978-0-321-50130-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AElektrisk+potensial&rft.au=Hugo+D.+Young+og+Roger+A.+Freedman&rft.btitle=University+Physics&rft.date=2008&rft.edition=XII&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-321-50130-1&rft.pub=Addison+Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrisk_potensial&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtLkwv1wmaI">Forelesning om elektrisk potensial fra brightstorm.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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aria-labelledby="SI-systemet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24561741">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SI_baseenhet" title="SI baseenhet">Baseenheter</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ampere" title="Ampere">Ampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candela" title="Candela">Candela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">Kelvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">Kilogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">Meter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mol_(enhet)" title="Mol (enhet)">Mol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekund" title="Sekund">Sekund</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:SI_base_unit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/100px-SI_base_unit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/150px-SI_base_unit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/200px-SI_base_unit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Avledede enheter:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Becquerel" title="Becquerel">Becquerel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grad_celsius" title="Grad celsius">Grad celsius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">Coulomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">Farad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_(enhet)" title="Gray (enhet)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_(enhet)" title="Henry (enhet)">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">Joule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katal" title="Katal">Katal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen" title="Lumen">Lumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">Lux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(enhet)" title="Newton (enhet)">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(enhet)" title="Pascal (enhet)">Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radian" title="Radian">Radian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_(enhet)" title="Siemens (enhet)">Siemens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sievert" title="Sievert">Sievert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">Steradian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla" title="Tesla">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">Volt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weber" title="Weber">Weber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Godkjent for bruk med SI:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atommasseenhet" title="Atommasseenhet">Atommasseenhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomisk_enhet" title="Astronomisk enhet">Astronomisk enhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bueminutt" title="Bueminutt">Bueminutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buesekund" title="Buesekund">Buesekund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dag" title="Dag">Dag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desibel" title="Desibel">Desibel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">Elektronvolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grad_(vinkel)" title="Grad (vinkel)">Grad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hektar" title="Hektar">Hektar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liter" title="Liter">Liter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minutt" title="Minutt">Minutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neper" class="mw-redirect" title="Neper">Neper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_(tidsenhet)" title="Time (tidsenhet)">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonn" title="Tonn">Tonn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Se også:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SI-prefiks" title="SI-prefiks">SI-prefiks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Autoritetsdata" title="Hjelp:Autoritetsdata">Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/elektrisk_potensial">Store norske leksikon</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/electric-potential">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4128753-8">GND</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85042463">LCCN</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra «<a dir="ltr" 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