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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Campi+Flegrei" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Campi+Flegrei" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Eruptivní_historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eruptivní_historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Eruptivní historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eruptivní_historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Starověká_sídla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Starověká_sídla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Starověká sídla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Starověká_sídla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Galerie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Campi Flegrei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 44 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="كامبي فليغري – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كامبي فليغري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%89" title="جبل كامبى فليجرى – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جبل كامبى فليجرى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camps_Flegreus" title="Camps Flegreus – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Camps Flegreus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – cebuánština" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder" title="Phlegräische Felder – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phlegräische Felder" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φλεγραία Πεδία – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φλεγραία Πεδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegraean_Fields" title="Phlegraean Fields – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phlegraean Fields" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flegreaj_Kampoj" title="Flegreaj Kampoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Flegreaj Kampoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campos_Fl%C3%A9greos" title="Campos Flégreos – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Campos Flégreos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="منطقه فلگریا – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطقه فلگریا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champs_Phl%C3%A9gr%C3%A9ens" title="Champs Phlégréens – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Champs Phlégréens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99" title="קמפי פלגריי – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קמפי פלגריי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="फ्लेग्रीयन फील्ड्स – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्लेग्रीयन फील्ड्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E5%B9%B3%E9%87%8E" title="フレグレイ平野 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フレグレイ平野" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%84%ED%94%BC_%ED%94%8C%EB%A0%88%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4" title="캄피 플레그레이 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캄피 플레그레이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegraei_campi_(Campania)" title="Phlegraei campi (Campania) – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phlegraei campi (Campania)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegraean_Fields" title="Phlegraean Fields – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Phlegraean Fields" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%88" title="कॅम्पी फ्लेग्रेई – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॅम्पी फ्लेग्रेई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campe_Flegree" title="Campe Flegree – neapolština" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Campe Flegree" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="neapolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camps_Flegr%C3%A8us" title="Camps Flegrèus – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Camps Flegrèus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੈਂਪੀ ਫਲੇਗਰੀ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੈਂਪੀ ਫਲੇਗਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pola_Flegrejskie" title="Pola Flegrejskie – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pola Flegrejskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campos_Fl%C3%A9greos" title="Campos Flégreos – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Campos Flégreos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Флегрейские поля – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Флегрейские поля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegraean_Fields" title="Phlegraean Fields – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phlegraean Fields" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flegrejska_polja" title="Flegrejska polja – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Flegrejska polja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – sámština (inarijská)" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sámština (inarijská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei" title="Campi Flegrei – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Campi Flegrei" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Larangang_Flegreo" title="Mga Larangang Flegreo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Larangang Flegreo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Флегрейські поля – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Флегрейські поля" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-parser-output">Souřadnice: <a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=cs&pagename=Campi+Flegrei&params=40.827_N_14.139_E_type:mountain"><span style="white-space:pre">40°49′37″ s. š.</span>, <span style="white-space:pre">14°8′20″ v. d.</span></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote noprint">Možná hledáte: <a href="/wiki/Campi_Flegrei_del_Mar_di_Sicilia" title="Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia">Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia</a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #E7DCC3;">Campi Flegrei</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aktivní fumaroly pole Campi Flegrei"><img alt="Aktivní fumaroly pole Campi Flegrei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg/250px-Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg/375px-Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg/500px-Phlegr%C3%A4ische_Felder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="664" /></a></span><div>Aktivní <a href="/wiki/Fumarola" title="Fumarola">fumaroly</a> pole Campi Flegrei</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Vrchol</th><td>přibližně 458 m n. m.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Poznámka</th><td>proměnlivá, aktivní kaldera</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #E7DCC3;">Poloha</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Světadíl</th><td><a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evropa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Stát</th><td><span style="display:none">Itálie</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/It%C3%A1lie" title="Itálie"><img alt="Itálie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/It%C3%A1lie" title="Itálie">Itálie</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9Bpisn%C3%A9_sou%C5%99adnice" title="Zeměpisné souřadnice">Souřadnice</a></th><td class="plainlinks"><span class="wd"><span></span><span class="coordinates"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=cs&pagename=Campi+Flegrei&params=40.827_N_14.139_E_type:mountain"><span style="white-space:pre">40°49′37″ s. š.</span>, <span style="white-space:pre">14°8′20″ v. d.</span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="" style="width:250px;;margin:0 auto"> <div class=""> <div class="location-map thumbimage" style="width:250px;position:relative;margin:0 auto;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Campi Flegrei"><img alt="Campi Flegrei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Italy_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Italy_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Italy_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Italy_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Italy_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Italy_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></span></span><div style="font-size:88%; line-height:1.2em; position:absolute; z-index:2; left:62.02256953125%; top:54.32047768595%"><div style="position:relative;float:left;left:-3px;top:-3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Fire.svg/7px-Fire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Fire.svg/11px-Fire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Fire.svg/14px-Fire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute; width:156px; max-width:156px; top:-0.5em; text-align:right; left:-161.5px;"><span style="background:;padding:1px 2px 0 2px">Campi Flegrei</span></div></div></div> <div class="thumbcaption"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Typ</th><td><a href="/wiki/Kaldera" title="Kaldera">kaldera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Erupce</th><td><a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Hornina</th><td><a href="/wiki/Trachyt" title="Trachyt">trachyt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fonolit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fonolit">fonolit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andezit" title="Andezit">andezit</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logo Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Campi_Flegrei" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Campi Flegrei">multimediální obsah</a></b> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size: smaller;">Některá data mohou pocházet z <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755123" class="extiw" title="d:Q755123">datové položky</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table><div style="display: none;"></div> <p><b>Campi Flegrei</b> (česky <b>Flegrejská pole</b> nebo <b>Planoucí pole</b><sup id="cite_ref-Novák_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novák-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) je název aktivní vulkanické <a href="/wiki/Kaldera" title="Kaldera">kaldery</a> o průměru 13 kilometrů, nacházející na západním okraji města <a href="/wiki/Neapol" title="Neapol">Neapol</a> a asi 35 kilometrů od <a href="/wiki/Vesuv" title="Vesuv">Vesuvu</a>. Bývá mylně považována za <a href="/wiki/Supervulk%C3%A1n" title="Supervulkán">supervulkán</a>. Jenomže za něj se dle široce uznávané definice klasifikuje takový vulkanický systém, který v minulosti způsobil alespoň jednu erupci, produkující více než 1 000 km³ (<a href="/wiki/Index_vulkanick%C3%A9_aktivity" title="Index vulkanické aktivity">VEI 8</a>) sopečných materiálů.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nejmohutnější erupce Campi Flegrei vyvrhla 500 km³ (VEI 7), což tento základní předpoklad nesplňuje.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Za posledních 60 tisíc let u ní došlo ke dvěma mohutným <a href="/wiki/Sope%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_erupce" title="Sopečná erupce">erupcím</a>, přičemž každou z nich v jejím závěru doprovázela kalderizace. První se odehrála před 39 280 (± 110) lety,<sup id="cite_ref-39K_eruption_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39K_eruption-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> druhá před 14 900 (± 400) lety.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nadmo%C5%99sk%C3%A1_v%C3%BD%C5%A1ka" title="Nadmořská výška">Nadmořská výška</a> kaldery a okolního území se často mění, kaldera se často zdvihá nebo klesá. V roce <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a> bylo vyzdvižení následováno <a href="/wiki/Sope%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_erupce" title="Sopečná erupce">erupcí</a>, při které se vytvořil nový sypaný kužel <i>Monte Nuovo</i>. Vyzdvižení v 70. a 80. letech <a href="/wiki/20._stolet%C3%AD" title="20. století">20. století</a> naproti tomu následováno erupcí nebylo. </p><p>Všechna vulkanická aktivita je v současnosti omezena na emise plynů z <a href="/wiki/Fumarola" title="Fumarola">fumarol</a> kráteru <i>Solfatara</i>; ten dal zároveň jméno tomuto typu vulkanické aktivity. <i>La Solfatara</i> leží na kraji hlavního města oblasti – Pozzuoli. V červnu 2023 tým anglických a italských vědců nicméně uvedl, že vulkán vstoupil do nové fáze, při níž může docházet k erupcím.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vulkanickou aktivitou zde vzniklo množství jezer: <i>Lago Averno, Lucrino, Fusaro…</i> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eruptivní_historie"><span id="Eruptivn.C3.AD_historie"></span>Eruptivní historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Eruptivní historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Eruptivní historie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Campanian ignimbrite eruption</b>: přibližně před 39 280 (± 110) lety proběhla na Campi Flegrei nejmohutnější <a href="/wiki/Sope%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_erupce" title="Sopečná erupce">sopečná erupce</a>, nazývaná <i>Campanian ignimbrite eruption</i> (Kampánská ignimbritová erupce).<sup id="cite_ref-39K_eruption_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39K_eruption-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vyvrhla 500 km³ vulkanického materiálu (DRE: 181–265 km³),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> čímž její síla dosáhla indexu <a href="/wiki/Index_vulkanick%C3%A9_aktivity" title="Index vulkanické aktivity">VEI 7</a>. Její stopy lze dodnes detekovat v <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B3nsko" title="Grónsko">grónských</a> ledových jádrech. Podle některých výzkumů tento sopečných výbuch přispěl k vyhynutí <a href="/wiki/Neandert%C3%A1lec" title="Neandertálec">neandrtálců</a> a uvolnil tak cestu <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homo sapiens">modernímu člověku</a> v <a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evropě</a> i v <a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asii</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Neapolitan Yellow Tuff</b>: zhruba před 14 900 (± 400) lety nastala druhá velmi silná erupce, jež vyvrhla 30–50 km³ (DRE).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Pozdější erupce</b>: v průběhu <a href="/wiki/Holoc%C3%A9n" title="Holocén">holocénu</a> došlo ke dvaceti sopečným erupcím. Šest z nich dosáhlo síly VEI 4 a pět (včetně té poslední v roce <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a>) VEI 3. Nejsilnější erupce o síle VEI 5 proběhla roku 2150 př. n. l.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Starověká_sídla"><span id="Starov.C4.9Bk.C3.A1_s.C3.ADdla"></span>Starověká sídla</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Starověká sídla" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Starověká sídla"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pozzuoli" title="Pozzuoli">Pozzuoli</a></b>: bylo založeno řeckými kolonizátory pod názvem Dikaiarcheia (Δικαιάρχεια, lat. <i>Dicaearchia</i>). Jako hlavní město oblasti Flegrejských polí bylo kdysi významnější než samotná <i>Neapolis</i>. Svou funkci obchodního centra a přístavu však začalo ztrácet po vybudování přístavu v <i>Ostii</i> během 1. stol. n. l. za císaře <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberia</a>, až z něj zůstal pouhý přístav rybářský. Kdysi něm pobývali římští boháči ve svých nádherných vilách (např. <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero">Cicero</a>). Známky někdejší slávy lze nalézt ve městě dodnes: Flavijský amfiteátr o kapacitě 20 000 diváků, tržiště nazývané díky nálezu sošky boha Serapida <i>Serapidův chrám</i>, rozlehlé podzemní chodby apod.</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baia (stránka neexistuje)">Baia</a></b>: leží v bývalém kráteru, který je z poloviny ponořen do moře. Za Římanů se tu nacházely četné patricijské vily. Oblast je stejně jako nedaleká Ischia bohatá na termální prameny. Kdysi bylo proslulé teplými lázněmi i rozmařilým lázeňským životem. Dnes je však antické město <i>Baiae</i> zatopeno a lze jej pozorovat z pobřeží dnešního Baia (v překladu zátoka) pod vodou. Na pevnině se dodnes zachovaly četné vily, lázně a chrámy.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie">Galerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Galerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Galerie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Snímek z ISS."><img alt="Snímek z ISS." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg/120px-Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg/180px-Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg/240px-Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg 2x" data-file-width="633" data-file-height="348" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Snímek z <a href="/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_vesm%C3%ADrn%C3%A1_stanice" title="Mezinárodní vesmírná stanice">ISS</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map,_SRTM-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reliéfní mapa."><img alt="Reliéfní mapa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg/120px-Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg/180px-Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg/240px-Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map%2C_SRTM-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reliéfní mapa.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pohled na fumaroly."><img alt="Pohled na fumaroly." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg/120px-Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg/180px-Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg/240px-Solfatara_pozzuoli_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="426" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pohled na <a href="/wiki/Fumarola" title="Fumarola">fumaroly</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solfatara s viditelnou sírou."><img alt="Solfatara s viditelnou sírou." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg/120px-Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg/180px-Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg/240px-Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6042" data-file-height="3402" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Solfatara" title="Solfatara">Solfatara</a> s viditelnou <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADra" title="Síra">sírou</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:VedutaEremo2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pohled z Neapole."><img alt="Pohled z Neapole." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/VedutaEremo2.jpg/120px-VedutaEremo2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/VedutaEremo2.jpg/180px-VedutaEremo2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/VedutaEremo2.jpg/240px-VedutaEremo2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pohled z <a href="/wiki/Neapol" title="Neapol">Neapole</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>V tomto článku byl použit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:WikiProjekt_P%C5%99eklad/Rady" title="Wikipedie:WikiProjekt Překlad/Rady">překlad</a> textu z článku <a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campi_Flegrei?oldid=774082"><span class="cizojazycne" lang="sk" title="slovenština">Campi Flegrei</span></a> na slovenské Wikipedii.</i></span></p><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Novák-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Novák_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">NOVÁK, Jan A. Ožívá supervulkán na jihu Evropy, který kdysi vyhubil neandertálce. Následky výbuchu by byly srovnatelné s dopadem asteroidu. <i>Hospodářské noviny</i>. 2016-12-29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zahranicni.ihned.cz/evropa-slovensko/c1-65571070-oziva-supervulkan-ktery-vyhubil-neandrtalce-nasledky-jeho-vybuchu-by-byly-srovnatelne-s-dopadem-asteroidu">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2017-05-03].</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Hospod%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9+noviny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzahranicni.ihned.cz%2Fevropa-slovensko%2Fc1-65571070-oziva-supervulkan-ktery-vyhubil-neandrtalce-nasledky-jeho-vybuchu-by-byly-srovnatelne-s-dopadem-asteroidu&rft.atitle=O%C5%BE%C3%ADv%C3%A1+supervulk%C3%A1n+na+jihu+Evropy%2C+kter%C3%BD+kdysi+vyhubil+neandert%C3%A1lce.+N%C3%A1sledky+v%C3%BDbuchu+by+byly+srovnateln%C3%A9+s+dopadem+asteroidu&rft.date=2016-12-29&rft.aulast=Nov%C3%A1k&rft.aufirst=Jan+A"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">S. de Silva. Arc magmatism, calderas, and supervolcanoes. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org">https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org</a></i> [online]. 2008-08-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/36/8/671/29869/Arc-magmatism-calderas-and-supervolcanoes">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.geoscienceworld.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.geoscienceworld.org%2Fgsa%2Fgeology%2Farticle%2F36%2F8%2F671%2F29869%2FArc-magmatism-calderas-and-supervolcanoes&rft.atitle=Arc+magmatism%2C+calderas%2C+and+supervolcanoes&rft.date=2008-08-01&rft.au=S.+de+Silva"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">S. Stopponi. The volcano is there but you can't see it: Campi Flegrei between myth and reality. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ingv.it">https://ingv.it</a></i> [online]. 2024-05-05. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ingv.it/en/ingv-newsletter-n-4-April-2020-year-xiv/the-volcano-is-there-but-you-can%27t-see-the-Phlegraean-fields-between-myth-and-reality">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fingv.it&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fingv.it%2Fen%2Fingv-newsletter-n-4-April-2020-year-xiv%2Fthe-volcano-is-there-but-you-can%2527t-see-the-Phlegraean-fields-between-myth-and-reality&rft.atitle=The+volcano+is+there+but+you+can%27t+see+it%3A+Campi+Flegrei+between+myth+and+reality&rft.date=2024-05-05&rft.au=S.+Stopponi"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">USGS. A personal commentary: Why I dislike the term "supervolcano" (and what we should be saying instead). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.usgs.gov">https://www.usgs.gov</a></i> [online]. 2019-10-07. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/news/a-personal-commentary-why-i-dislike-term-supervolcano-and-what-we-should-be-saying-instead">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fnews%2Fa-personal-commentary-why-i-dislike-term-supervolcano-and-what-we-should-be-saying-instead&rft.atitle=A+personal+commentary%3A+Why+I+dislike+the+term+%22supervolcano%22+%28and+what+we+should+be+saying+instead%29&rft.date=2019-10-07&rft.au=USGS"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39K_eruption-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-39K_eruption_5-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-39K_eruption_5-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">F. G. Fedele; B. Giaccio; R. Isaia; G. Orsi. <i>The Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Heinrich Event 4, and Palaeolithic Change in Europe: A High‐Resolution Investigation</i> [online]. 2003-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239939045_The_Campanian_Ignimbrite_Eruption_Heinrich_Event_4_and_Palaeolithic_Change_in_Europe_A_High-Resolution_Investigation">Dostupné online</a>. (angličtina)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=The+Campanian+Ignimbrite+Eruption%2C+Heinrich+Event+4%2C+and+Palaeolithic+Change+in+Europe%3A+A+High%E2%80%90Resolution+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F239939045_The_Campanian_Ignimbrite_Eruption_Heinrich_Event_4_and_Palaeolithic_Change_in_Europe_A_High-Resolution_Investigation&rft.au=F.+G.+Fedele&rft.au=B.+Giaccio&rft.au=R.+Isaia"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">A. L. Deino; G. Orsi; S. de Vita; M. Piochi. <i>The age of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera-forming eruption (Campi Flegrei caldera – Italy) assessed by 40Ar/39Ar dating method</i> [online]. Journal of Volcanology and Geotermal Research, 2004-05-30. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0377027303003962">Dostupné online</a>. (angličtina)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=The+age+of+the+Neapolitan+Yellow+Tuff+caldera-forming+eruption+%28Campi+Flegrei+caldera+%E2%80%93+Italy%29+assessed+by+40Ar%2F39Ar+dating+method&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS0377027303003962&rft.au=A.+L.+Deino&rft.au=G.+Orsi&rft.au=S.+de+Vita&rft.pub=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geotermal+Research"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Evropský supervulkán Flegrejská pole se možná probouzí. Nachází se v hustě obydlené oblasti. <i>ČT24</i> [online]. 2023-06-12 [cit. 2023-06-12]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/veda/3592803-evropsky-supervulkan-flegrejska-pole-se-mozna-probouzi-nachazi-se-v-huste-obydlene">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=%C4%8CT24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fct24.ceskatelevize.cz%2Fveda%2F3592803-evropsky-supervulkan-flegrejska-pole-se-mozna-probouzi-nachazi-se-v-huste-obydlene&rft.atitle=Evropsk%C3%BD+supervulk%C3%A1n+Flegrejsk%C3%A1+pole+se+mo%C5%BEn%C3%A1+probouz%C3%AD.+Nach%C3%A1z%C3%AD+se+v+hust%C4%9B+obydlen%C3%A9+oblasti&rft.date=2023-06-12"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">A. Silleni; G. Giordano; R. Isaia; M. Ort. <i>The Magnitude of the 39.8 ka Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Italy: Method, Uncertainties and Errors</i> [online]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2020-10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344750900_The_Magnitude_of_the_398_ka_Campanian_Ignimbrite_Eruption_Italy_Method_Uncertainties_and_Errors">Dostupné online</a>. (angličtina)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=The+Magnitude+of+the+39.8+ka+Campanian+Ignimbrite+Eruption%2C+Italy%3A+Method%2C+Uncertainties+and+Errors&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F344750900_The_Magnitude_of_the_398_ka_Campanian_Ignimbrite_Eruption_Italy_Method_Uncertainties_and_Errors&rft.au=A.+Silleni&rft.au=G.+Giordano&rft.au=R.+Isaia&rft.pub=Frontiers+in+Earth+Science"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">University of Chicago Press Journals. Volcanoes wiped out Neanderthals, new study suggests. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/">https://www.sciencedaily.com/</a></i> [online]. 2010-10-07. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/10/101006094057.htm">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2010%2F10%2F101006094057.htm&rft.atitle=Volcanoes+wiped+out+Neanderthals%2C+new+study+suggests&rft.date=2010-10-07&rft.au=University+of+Chicago+Press+Journals"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">M. Sacchi; F. Pepe; M. Corradino; D. Insinga; F. Molisso; C. Lubritto. <i>The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera offshore the Campi Flegrei: Stratal architecture and kinematic reconstruction during the last 15 ky</i> [online]. Marine Geology, 2014-08. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261918796_The_Neapolitan_Yellow_Tuff_caldera_offshore_the_Campi_Flegrei_Stratal_architecture_and_kinematic_reconstruction_during_the_last_15_ky">Dostupné online</a>. (angličtina)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=The+Neapolitan+Yellow+Tuff+caldera+offshore+the+Campi+Flegrei%3A+Stratal+architecture+and+kinematic+reconstruction+during+the+last+15+ky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F261918796_The_Neapolitan_Yellow_Tuff_caldera_offshore_the_Campi_Flegrei_Stratal_architecture_and_kinematic_reconstruction_during_the_last_15_ky&rft.au=M.+Sacchi&rft.au=F.+Pepe&rft.au=M.+Corradino&rft.pub=Marine+Geology"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Smithsonian Institution. Campi Flegrei. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://volcano.si.edu">https://volcano.si.edu</a></i> [online]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=211010">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fvolcano.si.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvolcano.si.edu%2Fvolcano.cfm%3Fvn%3D211010&rft.atitle=Campi+Flegrei&rft.au=Smithsonian+Institution"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campi_Flegrei&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span 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