CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: superthermal electron</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: superthermal electron"> <meta name="keywords" content="superthermal electron"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="superthermal electron" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="superthermal electron"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2533</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: superthermal electron</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2533</span> Dust Ion Acoustic Shock Waves in Dissipative Superthermal Plasmas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Reza%20Pakzad">Hamid Reza Pakzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the properties of dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) shock waves in an unmagnetized dusty plasma, whose constituents are inertial ions, superthermal electrons, and stationary dust particles, are investigated by employing the reductive perturbation method. The dissipation is taken into account the kinematic viscosity among the plasma constituents. It is shown that the basic features of DIA shock waves are significantly modified by the effects of electron superthermality and ion kinematic viscosity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reductive%20perturbation%20method" title="reductive perturbation method">reductive perturbation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dust%20ion%20acoustic%20shock%20wave" title=" dust ion acoustic shock wave"> dust ion acoustic shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron" title=" superthermal electron"> superthermal electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissipative%20plasmas" title=" dissipative plasmas"> dissipative plasmas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51026/dust-ion-acoustic-shock-waves-in-dissipative-superthermal-plasmas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2532</span> Challenges in E-Government: Conceptual Views and Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasim%20Alguliev">Rasim Alguliev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Yusifov"> Farhad Yusifov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the international experience, conceptual and architectural principles of forming of electron government are researched and some suggestions were made. The assessment of monitoring of forming processes of electron government, intellectual analysis of web-resources, provision of information security, electron democracy problems were researched, conceptual approaches were suggested. By taking into consideration main principles of electron government theory, important research directions were specified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20government" title="electron government">electron government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20administration" title=" public administration"> public administration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web-analytics" title=" web-analytics"> web-analytics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20networks" title=" social networks"> social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17703/challenges-in-e-government-conceptual-views-and-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2531</span> Low Dose In-Line Electron Holography for 3D Atomic Resolution Tomography of Soft Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20R.%20Chen">F. R. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Kisielowski"> C. Kisielowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Van%20Dyck"> D. Van Dyck</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In principle, the latest generation aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) could achieve sub-Å resolution, but there is bottleneck that hinders the final step towards revealing 3D structure. Firstly, in order to achieve a resolution around 1 Å with single atom sensitivity, the electron dose rate needs to be sufficiently large (10⁴-10⁵eÅ⁻² s⁻¹). With such large dose rate, the electron beam can induce surfaces alterations or even bulk modifications, in particular, for electron beam sensitive (soft) materials such as nm size particles, organic materials, proteins or macro-molecules. We will demonstrate methodology of low dose electron holography for observing 3D structure for soft materials such as single Oleic acid molecules at atomic resolution. The main improvement of this new type of electron holography is based on two concepts. Firstly, the total electron dose is distributed over many images obtained at different defocus values from which the electron hologram is then reconstructed. Secondly, in contrast to the current tomographic methods that require projections from several directions, the 3D structural information of the nano-object is then extracted from this one hologram obtained from only one viewing direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20dose%20electron%20microscopy" title="low dose electron microscopy">low dose electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-line%20electron%20holography" title=" in-line electron holography"> in-line electron holography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20resolution%20tomography" title=" atomic resolution tomography"> atomic resolution tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20materials" title=" soft materials"> soft materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87215/low-dose-in-line-electron-holography-for-3d-atomic-resolution-tomography-of-soft-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2530</span> Modulational Instability of Ion-Acoustic Wave in Electron-Positron-Ion Plasmas with Two-Electron Temperature Distributions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Kumar%20Chawla">Jitendra Kumar Chawla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Kumar%20Mishra"> Mukesh Kumar Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nonlinear amplitude modulation of ion-acoustic wave is studied in the presence of two-electron temperature distribution in unmagnetized electron-positron-ion plasmas. The Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolosky (KBM) perturbation method is used to derive the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The dispersive and nonlinear coefficients are obtained which depend on the temperature and concentration of the hot and cold electron species as well as the positron density and temperature. The modulationally unstable regions are studied numerically for a wide range of wave number. The effects of the temperature and concentration of the hot and cold electron on the modulational stability are investigated in detail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulational%20instability" title="modulational instability">modulational instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20acoustic%20wave" title=" ion acoustic wave"> ion acoustic wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KBM%20method" title=" KBM method"> KBM method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28700/modulational-instability-of-ion-acoustic-wave-in-electron-positron-ion-plasmas-with-two-electron-temperature-distributions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">665</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2529</span> Nano-Sensors: Search for New Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Filikhin">I. Filikhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vlahovic"> B. Vlahovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We focus on a novel type of detection based on electron tunneling properties of double nanoscale structures in semiconductor materials. Semiconductor heterostructures as quantum wells (QWs), quantum dots (QDs), and quantum rings (QRs) may have energy level structure of several hundred of electron confinement states. The single electron spectra of the double quantum objects (DQW, DQD, and DQR) were studied in our previous works with relation to the electron localization and tunneling between the objects. The wave function of electron may be localized in one of the QDs or be delocalized when it is spread over the whole system. The localizing-delocalizing tunneling occurs when an electron transition between both states is possible. The tunneling properties of spectra differ strongly for “regular” and “chaotic” systems. We have shown that a small violation of the geometry drastically affects localization of electron. In particular, such violations lead to the elimination of the delocalized states of the system. The same symmetry violation effect happens if electrical or magnetic fields are applied. These phenomena could be used to propose a new type of detection based on the high sensitivity of charge transport between double nanostructures and small violations of the shapes. It may have significant technological implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20quantum%20dots" title="double quantum dots">double quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20electron%20levels" title=" single electron levels"> single electron levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunneling" title=" tunneling"> tunneling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20localizations" title=" electron localizations"> electron localizations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24024/nano-sensors-search-for-new-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2528</span> Comparison Between the Radiation Resistance of n/p and p/n InP Solar Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazouz%20Halima">Mazouz Halima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belghachi%20Abdrahmane"> Belghachi Abdrahmane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of electron irradiation-induced deep level defects have been studied on both n/p and p/n indium phosphide solar cells with very thin emitters. The simulation results show that n/p structure offers a somewhat better short circuit current but the p/n structure offers improved circuit voltage, not only before electron irradiation, but also after 1MeV electron irradiation with 5.1015 fluence. The simulation also shows that n/p solar cell structure is more resistant than that of p/n structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InP%20solar%20cell" title="InP solar cell">InP solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p%2Fn%20and%20n%2Fp%20structure" title=" p/n and n/p structure"> p/n and n/p structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20irradiation" title=" electron irradiation"> electron irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=output%20parameters" title=" output parameters"> output parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7526/comparison-between-the-radiation-resistance-of-np-and-pn-inp-solar-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2527</span> An Investigation of the Weak Localization, Electron-Electron Interaction and the Superconducting Fluctuations in a Weakly Disordered Granular Aluminum Film</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rukshana%20Pervin">Rukshana Pervin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a detailed study on the transport properties of a 40 nm thick granular aluminum film. As measured by temperature-dependent resistance R(T), a resistance peak is observed before the transition to superconductivity, which indicates that the diffusion channel is subjected to weak localization and electron-electron interaction, and the superconductor channel is subjected to SC fluctuations (SCFs). The zero-magnetic field transport measurement demonstrated that Electron-Electron Interaction (EEI), weak localization, and SCFs are closely related in this granular aluminum film. The characteristic temperature at which SCFs emerge on the sample is determined by measuring the R(T) during cooling. The SCF of the film is studied in terms of the direct contribution of the Aslamazov-Larkin's fluctuation Cooper pair density and the indirect contribution of the Maki-Thomson's quasiparticle pair density. In this sample, the rise in R(T) above the SCF characteristic temperature indicates the WL and/or EEI. Comparative analyses are conducted on how the EEI and WL contribute to the upturn in R(T). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluctuation%20superconductivity" title="fluctuation superconductivity">fluctuation superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20localization" title=" weak localization"> weak localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20deposition" title=" thermal deposition"> thermal deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron-electron%20interaction" title=" electron-electron interaction"> electron-electron interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175740/an-investigation-of-the-weak-localization-electron-electron-interaction-and-the-superconducting-fluctuations-in-a-weakly-disordered-granular-aluminum-film" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2526</span> Probing Anomalous WW γ and WWZ Couplings with Polarized Electron Beam at the LHeC and FCC-Ep Collider</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Turk%20Cakir">I. Turk Cakir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Senol"> A. Senol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20T.%20Tasci"> A. T. Tasci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Cakir"> O. Cakir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the anomalous WWγ and WWZ couplings by calculating total cross sections of the ep→νqγX and ep→νqZX processes at the LHeC with electron beam energy Ee=140 GeV and the proton beam energy Ep=7 TeV, and at the FCC-ep collider with the polarized electron beam energy Ee=80 GeV and the proton beam energy Ep=50 TeV. At the LHeC with electron beam polarization, we obtain the results for the difference of upper and lower bounds as (0.975, 0.118) and (0.285, 0.009) for the anomalous (Δκγ,λγ) and (Δκz,λz) couplings, respectively. As for FCC-ep collider, these bounds are obtained as (1.101,0.065) and (0.320,0.002) at an integrated luminosity of Lint=100 fb-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalous%20couplings" title="anomalous couplings">anomalous couplings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20circular%20collider" title=" future circular collider"> future circular collider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20hadron%20electron%20collider" title=" large hadron electron collider"> large hadron electron collider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W-boson%20and%20Z-boson" title=" W-boson and Z-boson"> W-boson and Z-boson</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17408/probing-anomalous-ww-gh-and-wwz-couplings-with-polarized-electron-beam-at-the-lhec-and-fcc-ep-collider" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2525</span> Relation of the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of Electron with the Proton and Neutron Masses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergei%20P.%20Efimov">Sergei P. Efimov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The anomalous magnetic moment of the electron is calculated by introducing the effective mass of the virtual part of the electron structure. In this case, the anomalous moment is inversely proportional to the effective mass Meff, which is shown to be a linear combination of the neutron, proton, and electrostatic electron field masses. The spin of a rotating structure is assumed to be equal to 3/2, while the spin of a 'bare' electron is equal to unity, the resultant spin being 1/2. A simple analysis gives the coefficients for a linear combination of proton and electron masses, the approximation precision giving here nine significant digits after the decimal point. The summand proportional to α² adds four more digits. Thus, the conception of the effective mass Meff leads to the formula for the total magnetic moment of the electron, which is accurate to fourteen digits. Association with the virtual beta-decay reaction and possible reasons for simplicity of the derived formula are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalous%20magnetic%20moment%20of%20electron" title="anomalous magnetic moment of electron">anomalous magnetic moment of electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison%20with%20quantum%20electrodynamics.%20effective%20%20mass" title=" comparison with quantum electrodynamics. effective mass"> comparison with quantum electrodynamics. effective mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fifteen%20significant%20figures" title=" fifteen significant figures"> fifteen significant figures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20and%20neutron%20masses" title=" proton and neutron masses"> proton and neutron masses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131423/relation-of-the-anomalous-magnetic-moment-of-electron-with-the-proton-and-neutron-masses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2524</span> Simulations of High-Intensity, Thermionic Electron Guns for Electron Beam Thermal Processing Including Effects of Space Charge Compensation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Hinrichs">O. Hinrichs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Franz"> H. Franz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Reiter"> G. Reiter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electron guns have a key function in a series of thermal processes, like EB (electron beam) melting, evaporation or welding. These techniques need a high-intensity continuous electron beam that defocuses itself due to high space charge forces. A proper beam transport throughout the magnetic focusing system can be ensured by a space charge compensation via residual gas ions. The different pressure stages in the EB gun cause various degrees of compensation. A numerical model was installed to simulate realistic charge distributions within the beam by using CST-Particle Studio code. We will present current status of beam dynamic simulations. This contribution will focus on the creation of space charge ions and their influence on beam and gun components. Furthermore, the beam transport in the gun will be shown for different beam parameters. The electron source allows to produce beams with currents of 3 A to 15 A and energies of 40 keV to 45 keV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20dynamic%20simulation" title="beam dynamic simulation">beam dynamic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20charge%20compensation" title=" space charge compensation"> space charge compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermionic%20electron%20source" title=" thermionic electron source"> thermionic electron source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EB%20melting" title=" EB melting"> EB melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EB%20thermal%20processing" title=" EB thermal processing "> EB thermal processing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106185/simulations-of-high-intensity-thermionic-electron-guns-for-electron-beam-thermal-processing-including-effects-of-space-charge-compensation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106185.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2523</span> Computer Software for Calculating Electron Mobility of Semiconductors Compounds; Case Study for N-Gan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emad%20A.%20Ahmed">Emad A. Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computer software to calculate electron mobility with respect to different scattering mechanism has been developed. This software is adopted completely Graphical User Interface (GUI) technique and its interface has been designed by Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. As a case study the electron mobility of n-GaN was performed using this software. The behaviour of the mobility for n-GaN due to elastic scattering processes and its relation to temperature and doping concentration were discussed. The results agree with other available theoretical and experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20mobility" title="electron mobility">electron mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxation%20time" title=" relaxation time"> relaxation time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GaN" title=" GaN"> GaN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scattering" title=" scattering"> scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20software" title=" computer software"> computer software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation%20physics" title=" computation physics"> computation physics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6777/computer-software-for-calculating-electron-mobility-of-semiconductors-compounds-case-study-for-n-gan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">670</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2522</span> The Effects of Electron Trapping by Electron-Ecoustic Waves Excited with Electron Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Ali%20Abid">Abid Ali Abid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One-dimensional (1-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) electrostatic simulations are carried out to investigate the electrostatic waves, whose constituents are hot, cold and beam electrons in the background of motionless positive ions. In fact, the electrostatic modes excited are electron acoustic waves, beam driven waves as well as Langmuir waves. It is assessed that the relevant plasma parameters, for example, hot electron temperature, beam electron drift speed, and the electron beam density significantly modify the electrostatics wave's profiles. In the nonlinear stage, the wave-particle interaction becomes more evident and the waves have obtained its saturation level. Consequently, electrons become trapped in the waves and trapping vortices are clearly formed. Because of this trapping vortices and mixing of the electrons in phase space, finally, lead to electrons thermalization. It is observed that for the high-density value of the beam-electron, the solitary waves having a bipolar form of the electric field. These solitons are the nonlinear Brenstein-Greene and Kruskal wave mode that attributes the trapping of electrons potential well of phase-space hole. These examinations revealed that electrostatic waves have been exited in beam-plasma model and producing waves having broad-frequency ranges, which may clarify the broadband electrostatic noise (BEN) spectrum studied in the auroral zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20acoustic%20%20waves" title="electron acoustic waves">electron acoustic waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapping%20of%20cold%20electron" title=" trapping of cold electron"> trapping of cold electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Langmuir%20waves" title=" Langmuir waves"> Langmuir waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle-in%20cell%20simulation" title=" particle-in cell simulation"> particle-in cell simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120540/the-effects-of-electron-trapping-by-electron-ecoustic-waves-excited-with-electron-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2521</span> Researches Concerning Photons as Corpuscles with Mass and Negative Electrostatic Charge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioan%20Rusu">Ioan Rusu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let us consider that the entire universe is composed of a single hydrogen atom within which the electron is moving around the proton. In this case, according to classical theories of physics, radiation and photons, respectively, should be absorbed by the electron. Depending on the number of photons absorbed, the electron radius of rotation around the proton is established. Until now, the principle of photon absorption by electrons and the electron transition to a new energy level, namely to a higher radius of rotation around the proton, is not clarified in physics. This paper aims to demonstrate that photons have mass and negative electrostatic charge similar to electrons but infinitely smaller. The experiments which demonstrate this theory are simple: thermal expansion, photoelectric effect and thermonuclear reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic" title="electrostatic">electrostatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron" title=" electron"> electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon" title=" photon"> photon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton" title=" proton"> proton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation "> radiation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24883/researches-concerning-photons-as-corpuscles-with-mass-and-negative-electrostatic-charge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2520</span> Generation and Diagnostics of Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Argon/Air</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Shrestha">R. Shrestha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20P.%20Subedi"> D. P. Subedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20B.%20Tyata"> R. B. Tyata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20S.%20Wong"> C. S. Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="> </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a technique for the determination of electron temperatures and electron densities in atmospheric pressure Argon/air discharge by the analysis of optical emission spectra (OES) is reported. The discharge was produced using a high voltage (0-20) kV power supply operating at a frequency of 27 kHz in parallel electrode system, with glass as dielectric. The dielectric layers covering the electrodes act as current limiters and prevent the transition to an arc discharge. Optical emission spectra in the range of (300nm-850nm) were recorded for the discharge with different inter electrode gap keeping electric field constant. Electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) are estimated from electrical and optical methods. Electron density was calculated using power balance method. The optical methods are related with line intensity ratio from the relative intensities of Ar-I and Ar-II lines in Argon plasma. The electron density calculated by using line intensity ratio method was compared with the electron density calculated by stark broadening method. The effect of dielectric thickness on plasma parameters (Te and ne) have also been studied and found that Te and ne increases as thickness of dielectric decrease for same inter electrode distance and applied voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20density" title="electron density">electron density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20temperature" title=" electron temperature"> electron temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20emission%20spectra" title=" optical emission spectra"> optical emission spectra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29426/generation-and-diagnostics-of-atmospheric-pressure-dielectric-barrier-discharge-in-argonair" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2519</span> New Kinetic Effects in Spatial Distribution of Electron Flux and Excitation Rates in Glow Discharge Plasmas in Middle and High Pressures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirill%20D.%20Kapustin">Kirill D. Kapustin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikhail%20B.%20Krasilnikov"> Mikhail B. Krasilnikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatoly%20A.%20Kudryavtsev"> Anatoly A. Kudryavtsev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical formation mechanisms of differential electron fluxes is high pressure positive column gas discharge are discussed. It is shown that the spatial differential fluxes of the electrons are directed both inward and outward depending on the energy relaxation law. In some cases the direction of energy differential flux at intermediate energies (5-10eV) in whole volume, except region near the wall, appeared to be down directed, so electron in this region dissipate more energy than gain from axial electric field. Paradoxical behaviour of electron flux in spatial-energy space is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20kinetics" title="plasma kinetics">plasma kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20distribution%20function" title=" electron distribution function"> electron distribution function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excitation%20and%20radiation%20rates" title=" excitation and radiation rates"> excitation and radiation rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20and%20nonlocal%20EDF" title=" local and nonlocal EDF"> local and nonlocal EDF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4431/new-kinetic-effects-in-spatial-distribution-of-electron-flux-and-excitation-rates-in-glow-discharge-plasmas-in-middle-and-high-pressures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2518</span> Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory of an Oscillating Electron Density around a Nanoparticle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nilay%20K.%20Doshi">Nilay K. Doshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A theoretical probe describing the excited energy states of the electron density surrounding a nanoparticle (NP) is presented. An electromagnetic (EM) wave interacts with a NP much smaller than the incident wavelength. The plasmon that oscillates locally around the NP comprises of excited conduction electrons. The system is based on the Jellium model of a cluster of metal atoms. Hohenberg-Kohn (HK) equations and the variational Kohn-Sham (SK) scheme have been used to obtain the NP electron density in the ground state. Furthermore, a time-dependent density functional (TDDFT) theory is used to treat the excited states in a density functional theory (DFT) framework. The non-interacting fermionic kinetic energy is shown to be a functional of the electron density. The time dependent potential is written as the sum of the nucleic potential and the incoming EM field. This view of the quantum oscillation of the electron density is a part of the localized surface plasmon resonance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20density" title="electron density">electron density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic" title=" electromagnetic"> electromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDDFT" title=" TDDFT"> TDDFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmon" title=" plasmon"> plasmon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance" title=" resonance"> resonance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39255/time-dependent-density-functional-theory-of-an-oscillating-electron-density-around-a-nanoparticle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2517</span> Replacing MOSFETs with Single Electron Transistors (SET) to Reduce Power Consumption of an Inverter Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Shariful%20Alam">Ahmed Shariful Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Hena%20M.%20Mustafa%20Kamal"> Abu Hena M. Mustafa Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdul%20Rahman"> M. Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nasmus%20Sakib%20Khan%20Shabbir"> M. Nasmus Sakib Khan Shabbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiqul%20Islam"> Atiqul Islam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the rules of quantum mechanics there is a non-vanishing probability of for an electron to tunnel through a thin insulating barrier or a thin capacitor which is not possible according to the laws of classical physics. Tunneling of electron through a thin insulating barrier or tunnel junction is a random event and the magnitude of current flowing due to the tunneling of electron is very low. As the current flowing through a Single Electron Transistor (SET) is the result of electron tunneling through tunnel junctions of its source and drain the supply voltage requirement is also very low. As a result, the power consumption across a Single Electron Transistor is ultra-low in comparison to that of a MOSFET. In this paper simulations have been done with PSPICE for an inverter built with both SETs and MOSFETs. <em>35mV</em> supply voltage was used for a SET built inverter circuit and the supply voltage used for a CMOS inverter was <em>3.5V</em>. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITRS" title="ITRS">ITRS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancement%20type%20MOSFET" title=" enhancement type MOSFET"> enhancement type MOSFET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=island" title=" island"> island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20analysis" title=" DC analysis"> DC analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20analysis" title=" transient analysis"> transient analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20consumption" title=" power consumption"> power consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=background%20charge%20co-tunneling" title=" background charge co-tunneling"> background charge co-tunneling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17949/replacing-mosfets-with-single-electron-transistors-set-to-reduce-power-consumption-of-an-inverter-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2516</span> Solar Cell Degradation by Electron Irradiation Effect of Irradiation Fluence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mazouz">H. Mazouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Belghachi"> A. Belghachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Hadjaj"> F. Hadjaj </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solar cells used in orbit are exposed to radiation environment mainly protons and high energy electrons. These particles degrade the output parameters of the solar cell. The aim of this work is to characterize the effects of electron irradiation fluence on the J (V) characteristic and output parameters of gaAs solar cell by numerical simulation. The results obtained demonstrate that the electron irradiation-induced degradation of performances of the cells concerns mainly the short circuit current. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gaAs%20solar%20cell" title="gaAs solar cell">gaAs solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MeV%20electron%20irradiation" title=" MeV electron irradiation"> MeV electron irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiation%20fluence" title=" irradiation fluence"> irradiation fluence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20circuit" title=" short circuit"> short circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4028/solar-cell-degradation-by-electron-irradiation-effect-of-irradiation-fluence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2515</span> Structure-Phase States of Al-Si Alloy After Electron-Beam Treatment and Multicycle Fatigue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krestina%20V.%20Alsaraeva">Krestina V. Alsaraeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20E.%20Gromov"> Victor E. Gromov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20V.%20Konovalov"> Sergey V. Konovalov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20A.%20Atroshkina"> Anna A. Atroshkina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Processing of Al-19.4Si alloy by high intensive electron beam has been carried out and multiple increase in fatigue life of the material has been revealed. Investigations of structure and surface modified layer destruction of Al-19.4Si alloy subjected to multicycle fatigue tests to fracture have been carried out by methods of scanning electron microscopy. The factors responsible for the increase of fatigue life of Al-19.4Si alloy have been revealed and analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-19.4Si%20alloy" title="Al-19.4Si alloy">Al-19.4Si alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20intensive%20electron%20beam" title=" high intensive electron beam"> high intensive electron beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicycle%20fatigue" title=" multicycle fatigue"> multicycle fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18754/structure-phase-states-of-al-si-alloy-after-electron-beam-treatment-and-multicycle-fatigue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2514</span> Improved Ohmic Contact by Li Doping in Electron Transport Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Sivakumar">G. Sivakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Pratyusha"> T. Pratyusha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Gupta"> D. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Shen"> W. Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To get ohmic contact between the cathode and organic semiconductor, transport layers are introduced between the active layer and the electrodes. Generally zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are used as electron transport layer. When electron transport layer is doped with lithium, the resultant film exhibited superior electronic properties, which enables faster electron transport. Doping is accomplished by heat treatment of films with Lithium salts. Li-doped films. We fabricated organic solar cell using PTB7(poly(3-hexylthiopene-2,5- diyl):PCBM(phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) and found that the solar cells prepared using Li doped films had better performance in terms of efficiency when compared to the undoped transport layers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20transport%20layer" title="electron transport layer">electron transport layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20efficiency" title=" higher efficiency"> higher efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20doping" title=" lithium doping"> lithium doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ohmic%20contact" title=" ohmic contact"> ohmic contact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50134/improved-ohmic-contact-by-li-doping-in-electron-transport-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2513</span> Electron Beam Effects on Kinetic Alfven Waves in the Cold Homogenous Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaya%20Shrivastava">Jaya Shrivastava </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The particle aspect approach is adopted to investigate the trajectories of charged particles in the electromagnetic field of kinetic Alfven wave. Expressions are found for the dispersion relation, growth/damping rate and associated currents in the presence of electron beam in homogenous plasma. Kinetic effects of electrons and ions are included to study kinetic Alfven wave because both are important in the transition region. The plasma parameters appropriate to plasma sheet boundary layer are used. It is found that downward electron beam affects the dispersion relation, growth/damping-rate and associated currents in cold electron limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetospheric%20physics" title="magnetospheric physics">magnetospheric physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20waves%20and%20instabilities" title=" plasma waves and instabilities"> plasma waves and instabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20beam" title=" electron beam"> electron beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20plasma%20physics" title=" space plasma physics"> space plasma physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave-particle%20interactions" title=" wave-particle interactions"> wave-particle interactions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5551/electron-beam-effects-on-kinetic-alfven-waves-in-the-cold-homogenous-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2512</span> Comparison of Dose Rate and Energy Dependence of Soft Tissue Equivalence Dosimeter with Electron and Photon Beams Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakhtiar%20Azadbakht">Bakhtiar Azadbakht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Adinehvand"> Karim Adinehvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Sahebnasagh"> Amin Sahebnasagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to evaluate dependence of PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter 1/T2 on different electron and photon energies as well as on different mean dose rates for a standard clinically used Co-60 therapy unit and an ELECTA linear accelerator. A multi echo sequence with 32 equidistant echoes was used for the evaluation of irradiated polymer gel dosimeters. The optimal post-manufacture irradiation and post imaging times were both determined to be one day. The sensitivity of PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter with irradiation of photon and electron beams was represented by the slope of calibration curve in the linear region measured for each modality. The response of PAGAT gel with photon and electron beams is very similar in the lower dose region. The R2-dose response was linear up to 30Gy. In electron beams the R2-dose response for doses less than 3Gy is not exact, but in photon beams the R2-dose response for doses less than 2Gy is not exact. Dosimeter energy dependence was studied for electron energies of 4, 12 and 18MeV and photon energies of 1.25, 4, 6 and 18MV. Dose rate dependence was studied in 6MeV electron beam and 6MV photon beam with the use of dose rates 80, 160, 240, 320, 400, and 480cGy/min. Evaluation of dosimeters were performed on Siemens Symphony, Germany 1.5T Scanner in the head coil. In this study no trend in polymer-gel dosimeter 1/T2 dependence was found on mean dose rate and energy for electron and photon beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20gels" title="polymer gels">polymer gels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAGAT%20gel" title=" PAGAT gel"> PAGAT gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20and%20photon%20beams" title=" electron and photon beams"> electron and photon beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI" title=" MRI "> MRI </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23115/comparison-of-dose-rate-and-energy-dependence-of-soft-tissue-equivalence-dosimeter-with-electron-and-photon-beams-using-magnetic-resonance-imaging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2511</span> The Synthesis of AgInS₂/SnS₂ Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Norfloxacin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingmei%20Zhang">Mingmei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinyong%20Li"> Xinyong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> AgInS₂/SnS₂ (AIS) nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The morphology and composition of the fabricated AIS nanocomposites were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, the as-prepared AIS photocatalysts exhibited excellent photocatalytic activities for the degradation of Norfloxacin (NOR), mainly due to its high optical absorption and separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, as evidenced by UV–vis diffusion reflection spectra (DRS) and Surface photovoltage (SPV) spectra. Furthermore, the interfacial charges transfer mechanism was also discussed by DFT calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AIS%20nanocomposites" title="AIS nanocomposites">AIS nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron-hole%20pairs" title=" electron-hole pairs"> electron-hole pairs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charges%20transfer" title=" charges transfer"> charges transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFTcaculations" title=" DFTcaculations"> DFTcaculations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84274/the-synthesis-of-agins2sns2-nanocomposites-with-enhanced-photocatalytic-degradation-of-norfloxacin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2510</span> Signal On-Off Ratio and Output Frequency Analysis of Semiconductor Electron-Interference Device</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomotaka%20Aoki">Tomotaka Aoki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isao%20Tomita"> Isao Tomita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We examined the on-off ratio and frequency components of output signals from an electron-interference device made of GaAs/AlₓGa₁₋ₓAs by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger's equation on conducting electrons in the channel waveguide of the device. For electron-wave modulation, a periodic voltage of frequency f was applied to the channel. Furthermore, we examined the voltage-amplitude dependence of the signals in time and frequency domains and found that large applied voltage deformed the output-signal waveform and created additional side modes (frequencies) near the modulation frequency f and that there was a trade-off between on-off ratio and side-mode creation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20conduction" title="electrical conduction">electrical conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20interference" title=" electron interference"> electron interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20spectrum" title=" frequency spectrum"> frequency spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-off%20ratio" title=" on-off ratio"> on-off ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145444/signal-on-off-ratio-and-output-frequency-analysis-of-semiconductor-electron-interference-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2509</span> Study of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Acceleration by Cylindrical TE₀₁₁ Mode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oswaldo%20Otero">Oswaldo Otero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20A.%20Orozco"> Eduardo A. Orozco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Herrera"> Ana M. Herrera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we present results from analytical and numerical studies of the electron acceleration by a TE₀₁₁ cylindrical microwave mode in a static homogeneous magnetic field under electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) condition. The stability of the orbits is analyzed using the particle orbit theory. In order to get a better understanding of the interaction wave-particle, we decompose the azimuthally electric field component as the superposition of right and left-hand circular polarization standing waves. The trajectory, energy and phase-shift of the electron are found through a numerical solution of the relativistic Newton-Lorentz equation in a finite difference method by the Boris method. It is shown that an electron longitudinally injected with an energy of 7 keV in a radial position r=Rc/2, being Rc the cavity radius, is accelerated up to energy of 90 keV by an electric field strength of 14 kV/cm and frequency of 2.45 GHz. This energy can be used to produce X-ray for medical imaging. These results can be used as a starting point for study the acceleration of electrons in a magnetic field changing slowly in time (GYRAC), which has some important applications as the electron cyclotron resonance ion proton accelerator (ECR-IPAC) for cancer therapy and to control plasma bunches with relativistic electrons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20method" title="Boris method">Boris method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20cyclotron%20resonance" title=" electron cyclotron resonance"> electron cyclotron resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title=" finite difference method"> finite difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20orbit%20theory" title=" particle orbit theory"> particle orbit theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray" title=" X-ray"> X-ray</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98818/study-of-electron-cyclotron-resonance-acceleration-by-cylindrical-te011-mode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2508</span> Mesoporous Material Nanofibers by Electrospinning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sh.%20Sohrabnezhad">Sh. Sohrabnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Jafarzadeh"> A. Jafarzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, MCM-41 mesoporous material nanofibers were synthesized by an electrospinning technique. The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurement. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as a silica source and fiber forming source, respectively. TEM and SEM images showed synthesis of MCM-41 nanofibers with a diameter of 200 nm. The pore diameter and surface area of calcined MCM-41 nanofibers was 2.2 nm and 970 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively. The morphology of the MCM-41 nanofibers depended on spinning voltages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title="electrospinning">electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20microscopy" title=" electron microscopy"> electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20technology" title=" fiber technology"> fiber technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20materials" title=" porous materials"> porous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20techniques" title=" X-ray techniques"> X-ray techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49673/mesoporous-material-nanofibers-by-electrospinning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2507</span> The Plasma Additional Heating Systems by Electron Cyclotron Waves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghoutia%20Naima%20Sabri">Ghoutia Naima Sabri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayeb%20Benouaz"> Tayeb Benouaz </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interaction between wave and electron cyclotron movement when the electron passes through a layer of resonance at a fixed frequency results an Electron Cyclotron (EC) absorption in Tokamak plasma and dependent magnetic field. This technique is the principle of additional heating (ECRH) and the generation of non-inductive current drive (ECCD) in modern fusion devices. In this paper we are interested by the problem of EC absorption which used a microscopic description of kinetic theory treatment versus the propagation which used the cold plasma description. The power absorbed depends on the optical depth which in turn depends on coefficient of absorption and the order of the excited harmonic for O-mode or X-mode. There is another possibility of heating by dissipation of Alfven waves, based on resonance of cold plasma waves, the shear Alfven wave (SW) and the compressional Alfven wave (FW). Once the (FW) power is coupled to (SW), it stays on the magnetic surface and dissipates there, which cause the heating of bulk plasmas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20cyclotron" title="electron cyclotron">electron cyclotron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tokamak" title=" tokamak"> tokamak</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30668/the-plasma-additional-heating-systems-by-electron-cyclotron-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2506</span> A Look at the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules from the Discrete Morse Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dairo%20Jose%20Hernandez%20Paez">Dairo Jose Hernandez Paez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) allows us to obtain topological information on electronic density in quantum mechanical systems. The QTAIM starts by considering the electron density as a continuous mathematical object. On the other hand, the discretization of electron density is also a mathematical object, which, from discrete mathematics, would allow a new approach to its topological study. From this point of view, it is necessary to develop a series of steps that provide the theoretical support that guarantees its application. Some of the steps that we consider most important are mentioned below: (1) obtain good representations of the electron density through computational calculations, (2) design a methodology for the discretization of electron density, and construct the simplicial complex. (3) Make an analysis of the discrete vector field associating the simplicial complex. (4) Finally, in this research, we propose to use the discrete Morse theory as a mathematical tool to carry out studies of electron density topology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20mathematics" title="discrete mathematics">discrete mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Discrete%20Morse%20theory" title=" Discrete Morse theory"> Discrete Morse theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20density" title=" electronic density"> electronic density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20calculations" title=" computational calculations"> computational calculations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163354/a-look-at-the-quantum-theory-of-atoms-in-molecules-from-the-discrete-morse-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2505</span> Chromia-Carbon Nanocomposite Materials for Energy Storage Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20A.%20Nadeem">Muhammad A. Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaheed%20Ullah"> Shaheed Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article reports the synthesis of Cr2O3/C nanocomposites obtained by the direct carbonization of PFA/MIL-101(Cr) bulk composite. The nanocomposites were characterized by various instrumental techniques like powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and the surface characterized were investigated via N2 adsorption/desorption analysis. TEM and SAED analysis shows that turbostatic graphitic carbon was obtained with high crystallinity. The nanocomposites were tested for electrochemical supercapacitor and the faradic and non-Faradic processes were checked through cyclic voltammetry (CV). The maximum specific capacitance calculated for Cr2O3/C 900 sample from CV measurement is 301 F g-1 at 2 mV s-1 due to its maximum charge storing capacity as confirm by frequency response analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title="nanocomposites">nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20electron%20microscopy" title=" transmission electron microscopy"> transmission electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-faradic%20process" title=" non-faradic process"> non-faradic process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14190/chromia-carbon-nanocomposite-materials-for-energy-storage-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2504</span> First Investigation on CZTS Electron affinity and Thickness Optimization using SILVACO-Atlas 2D Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeineb%20Seboui">Zeineb Seboui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Dabbabi"> Samar Dabbabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the performance of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) based solar cell. In our knowledge, it is for the first time that the FTO/ZnO:Co/CZTS structure is simulated using the SILVACO-Atlas 2D simulation. Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS), ZnO:Co and FTO (SnO₂:F) layers have been deposited on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique. The extracted physical properties, such as thickness and optical parameters of CZTS layer, are considered to create a new input data of CZTS based solar cell. The optimization of CZTS electron affinity and thickness is performed to have the best FTO/ZnO: Co/CZTS efficiency. The use of CZTS absorber layer with 3.99 eV electron affinity and 3.2 µm in thickness leads to the higher efficiency of 16.86 %, which is very important in the development of new technologies and new solar cell devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CZTS%20solar%20cell" title="CZTS solar cell">CZTS solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20affinity" title=" electron affinity"> electron affinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thickness" title=" thickness"> thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SILVACO-atlas%202D%20simulation" title=" SILVACO-atlas 2D simulation"> SILVACO-atlas 2D simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166352/first-investigation-on-czts-electron-affinity-and-thickness-optimization-using-silvaco-atlas-2d-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=84">84</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=85">85</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superthermal%20electron&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>