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education</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: music education"> <meta name="keywords" content="music education"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="music education"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7715</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: music education</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7595</span> The Women's Orchestra and Music in Auschwitz-Birkenau: A Qualitative Study on Nazi Manipulation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20T.%20%20Kohler">K. T. Kohler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Typically in war, force involves physical violence, though those who perpetrated the Holocaust expanded manipulation techniques to include mental violence. This qualitative research study was conducted to understand the effects that the music of the Women’s Orchestra of Auschwitz-Birkenau had on women prisoners during World War II. Over 100 testimonies from the USC Shoah Foundation’s Visual History Archive reveal that the orchestra’s music had a profoundly distressing effect on many of the women in the camp. Led by Gustav Mahler’s granddaughter, Alma Rosé, the orchestra rhythmed the life cycle of the camp, from marching to and from work, Sunday concerts, welcoming transports, to the prisoners’ walk to gas chambers. What surfaced from these testimonies was that the more technical the exposure a woman had to music before camp, the more disturbing its effect. The juxtaposition of beauty with the visible horror of the camp thrust them into an impossible state where suicide became a plausible alternative. By exploiting the Women’s Orchestra, the Nazis made music a critical component of manipulation within Auschwitz-Birkenau. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alma%20Ros%C3%A9" title="Alma Rosé">Alma Rosé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Auschwitz-Birkenau" title=" Auschwitz-Birkenau"> Auschwitz-Birkenau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camp%20life" title=" camp life"> camp life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concert" title=" concert"> concert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holocaust" title=" Holocaust"> Holocaust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%C5%9Bwi%C4%99cim" title=" Oświęcim"> Oświęcim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poland" title=" Poland"> Poland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%E2%80%99s%20orchestra" title=" women’s orchestra "> women’s orchestra </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102510/the-womens-orchestra-and-music-in-auschwitz-birkenau-a-qualitative-study-on-nazi-manipulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7594</span> The Effects of Music Therapy on Positive Negative Syndrome Scale, Cognitive Function, and Quality of Life in Female Schizophrenic Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmeida%20Effendy">Elmeida Effendy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20M.%20Amin"> Mustafa M. Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nauli%20Aulia%20Lubis"> Nauli Aulia Lubis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20J.%20Sirait"> P. J. Sirait</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Music therapy may have an effect on mental illnesses. This is a comparative, quasi-experimental study to examine the effect of music therapy added to standard care on Positive Negative Syndrome Scale, Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in female schizophrenic patients. 50 schizophrenic participants who were diagnosed with semistructured MINI ICD-X, were assigned into two groups received pharmacotherapy. Participants were assigned into each group of therapy by using matched allocation method. Music therapy added on to the first group. They received music therapy, using Mozart Sonata four times a week, over a period of six week. Positive and negative symptoms were measured by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Cognitive function were measured by using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). All rating scale were administrated by certified skill residents every week after music therapy session. The participants who were received pharmaco-and-music therapy significantly showed greater response than who received pharmacotherapy only. The mean difference of response were -6,6164 (p=0,001) for PANNS, 2,911 (p=0,004) for MMSE, 3,618 (p=0,001) for MOCA, 4,599 (p=0,001) for SF-36. Music therapy have beneficial effects on PANSS, Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in schizophrenic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20therapy" title="music therapy">music therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rating%20scale" title=" rating scale"> rating scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title=" schizophrenia"> schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symptoms" title=" symptoms"> symptoms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58534/the-effects-of-music-therapy-on-positive-negative-syndrome-scale-cognitive-function-and-quality-of-life-in-female-schizophrenic-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7593</span> The Use of Music Therapy to Improve Non-Verbal Communication Skills for Children with Autism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Vinca%20Novenia">Maria Vinca Novenia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of school-aged children with autism in Indonesia has been increasing each year. Autism is a developmental disorder which can be diagnosed in childhood. One of the symptoms is the lack of communication skills. Music therapy is known as an effective treatment for children with autism. Music elements and structures create a good space for children with autism to express their feelings and communicate their thoughts. School-aged children are expected to be able to communicate non-verbally very well, but children with autism experience the difficulties of communicating non-verbally. The aim of this research is to analyze the significance of music therapy treatment to improve non-verbal communication tools for children with autism. This research informs teachers and parents on how music can be used as a media to communicate with children with autism. The qualitative method is used to analyze this research, while the result is described with the microanalysis technique. The result is measured specifically from the whole experiment, hours of every week, minutes of every session, and second of every moment. The samples taken are four school-aged children with autism in the age range of six to 11 years old. This research is conducted within four months started with observation, interview, literature research, and direct experiment. The result demonstrates that music therapy could be effectively used as a non-verbal communication tool for children with autism, such as changes of body gesture, eye contact, and facial expression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improvisation" title=" improvisation"> improvisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microanalysis" title=" microanalysis"> microanalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20therapy" title=" music therapy"> music therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonverbal%20communication" title=" nonverbal communication"> nonverbal communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school-aged" title=" school-aged"> school-aged</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97831/the-use-of-music-therapy-to-improve-non-verbal-communication-skills-for-children-with-autism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7592</span> Multimodal Convolutional Neural Network for Musical Instrument Recognition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yagya%20Raj%20Pandeya">Yagya Raj Pandeya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joonwhoan%20Lee"> Joonwhoan Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dynamic behavior of music and video makes it difficult to evaluate musical instrument playing in a video by computer system. Any television or film video clip with music information are rich sources for analyzing musical instruments using modern machine learning technologies. In this research, we integrate the audio and video information sources using convolutional neural network (CNN) and pass network learned features through recurrent neural network (RNN) to preserve the dynamic behaviors of audio and video. We use different pre-trained CNN for music and video feature extraction and then fine tune each model. The music network use 2D convolutional network and video network use 3D convolution (C3D). Finally, we concatenate each music and video feature by preserving the time varying features. The long short term memory (LSTM) network is used for long-term dynamic feature characterization and then use late fusion with generalized mean. The proposed network performs better performance to recognize the musical instrument using audio-video multimodal neural network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal" title="multimodal">multimodal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20convolution" title=" 3D convolution"> 3D convolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music-video%20feature%20extraction" title=" music-video feature extraction"> music-video feature extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20mean" title=" generalized mean"> generalized mean</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104041/multimodal-convolutional-neural-network-for-musical-instrument-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7591</span> The Impact of Hosting an On-Site Vocal Concert in Preschool on Music Inspiration and Learning Among Preschoolers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meiying%20Liao">Meiying Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poya%20Huang"> Poya Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aesthetic domain is one of the six major domains in the Taiwanese preschool curriculum, encompassing visual arts, music, and dramatic play. Its primary objective is to cultivate children’s abilities in exploration and awareness, expression and creation, and response and appreciation. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of hosting a vocal music concert on aesthetic inspiration and learning among preschoolers in a preschool setting. The primary research method employed was a case study focusing on a private preschool in Northern Taiwan that organized a school-wide event featuring two vocalists. The concert repertoires included children’s songs, folk songs, and arias performed in Mandarin, Hakka, English, German, and Italian. In addition to professional performances, preschool teachers actively participated by presenting a children’s song. A total of 5 classes, comprising approximately 150 preschoolers, along with 16 teachers and staff, participated in the event. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documents. Results indicated that both teachers and children thoroughly enjoyed the concert, with high levels of acceptance when the program was appropriately designed and hosted. Teachers reported that post-concert discussions with children revealed the latter’s ability to recall people, events, and elements observed during the performance, expressing their impressions of the most memorable segments. The concert effectively achieved the goals of the aesthetic domain, particularly in fostering response and appreciation. It also inspired preschoolers’ interest in music. Many teachers noted an increased desire for performance among preschoolers after exposure to the concert, with children imitating the performers and their expressions. Remarkably, one class extended this experience by incorporating it into the curriculum, autonomously organizing a high-quality concert in the music learning center. Parents also reported that preschoolers enthusiastically shared their concert experiences at home. In conclusion, despite being a single event, the positive responses from preschoolers towards the music performance suggest a meaningful impact. These experiences extended into the curriculum, as firsthand exposure to performances allowed teachers to deepen related topics, fostering a habit of autonomous learning in the designated learning centers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concert" title="concert">concert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20childhood%20music%20education" title=" early childhood music education"> early childhood music education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aesthetic%20education" title=" aesthetic education"> aesthetic education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20develpment" title=" music develpment"> music develpment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181239/the-impact-of-hosting-an-on-site-vocal-concert-in-preschool-on-music-inspiration-and-learning-among-preschoolers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7590</span> Teaching and Learning Jazz Improvisation Using Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Domains</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Wood">Graham Wood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 20th Century saw the introduction of many new approaches to music making, including the structured and academic study of jazz improvisation. The rise of many school and tertiary jazz programs was rapid and quickly spread around the globe in a matter of decades. It could be said that the curriculum taught in these new programs was often developed in an ad-hoc manner due to the lack of written literature in this new and rapidly expanding area and the vastly different pedagogical principles when compared to classical music education that was prevalent in school and tertiary programs. There is widespread information regarding the theory and techniques used by jazz improvisers, but methods to practice these concepts in order to achieve the best outcomes for students and teachers is much harder to find. This research project explores the authors’ experiences as a studio jazz piano teacher, ensemble teacher and classroom improvisation lecturer over fifteen years and suggests an alignment with Bloom’s taxonomy of learning domains. This alignment categorizes the different tasks that need to be taught and practiced in order for the teacher and the student to devise a well balanced and effective practice routine and for the teacher to develop an effective teaching program. These techniques have been very useful to the teacher and the student to ensure that a good balance of cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills are taught to the students in a range of learning contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bloom" title="bloom">bloom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jazz" title=" jazz"> jazz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58359/teaching-and-learning-jazz-improvisation-using-blooms-taxonomy-of-learning-domains" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7589</span> Mapping the Sonic Spectrum of Traditional Music and Instruments Used in Malaysian Kavadi Rituals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainolnaim%20Azizol">Ainolnaim Azizol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valerie%20Ross"> Valerie Ross</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Music is as old as mankind and rituals using music such as Kavadi have been associated with social, cultural, and spiritual practices in many traditional and modern societies. Recent literature has provided scientific evidence that music affects psychological and physical changes through stimulation of brainwave. Despite such advances, the scientific study of the sonic qualities peculiar to traditional instruments and how it impacts on ritualistic activities is still lacking. This study addresses one such phenomenon. Devotees in Kavadi rituals are known to be in a state of trance state and do not experience pain nor suffer injury despite the hundreds of needles pierced through their skins. Although scientists have sought to understand how this is possible, lesser is known about the music that is used to prepare devotees to enter into the trance state. This study fills this gap of knowledge by providing scientific evidence through the identification and mapping of the sonic spectrum or sound fingerprint of the instruments and the repertoire used in these ritualistic forms in their ethnographic environment and in audio-controlled situations. The objectives are to identify and categorize the different types of traditional music used in Kavadi rituals; to record, transcribe and digitally score the musical repertoire used in the oral tradition of Kavadi rituals; to map the sonic spectrum of ritual music using spectromography and advanced music analytical software a mixed methodology will be used. This comprises ethnographic field studies using interviews, participant observation, audio-video recordings and audio-methodology using spectromography and advanced audio-technology for sonic mapping and the transcription of audio recordings into digital scores. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonic" title="sonic">sonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional" title=" traditional"> traditional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ritual" title=" ritual"> ritual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kavadi" title=" Kavadi"> Kavadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54012/mapping-the-sonic-spectrum-of-traditional-music-and-instruments-used-in-malaysian-kavadi-rituals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7588</span> The Effect of Using Water Wireless Aqua Com System on the Development of Dolphin Kick Movements on the Female Swimming Team at the Faculty of Physical Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisal%20Alrabadi">Wisal Alrabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study's goal was to see how the use of water wireless Aqua Com System and its accompanying music affected the Female Swimming Team at the Faculty of Physical Education's development of dolphin kick movements. To that end, a training program consisting of (12) training units spread out over four weeks, three units per week, was created and applied to a study sample of (10) students from the swimming pool enrolled in the first semester of the academic year 2022. Pre-measuring and timing the movements of dolphins kicking with and without fins above and below, measuring the water's surface over a distance of 25 meters. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of telemetry from the start within the limits of the area specified for a distance of 15 m after the comparison between the pre and post-measurement using the test (T) of the double samples, and this indicates the impact of the training program using the Aqua Com System in the swimming team(Female) at Faculty of Physical Education, and in light of this a set of recommendations was developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqua%20com%20system%20training%20program" title="aqua com system training program">aqua com system training program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accompanying%20music" title=" accompanying music"> accompanying music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolphin%20kick%20movements" title=" dolphin kick movements"> dolphin kick movements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20team%20female" title=" swimming team female"> swimming team female</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148023/the-effect-of-using-water-wireless-aqua-com-system-on-the-development-of-dolphin-kick-movements-on-the-female-swimming-team-at-the-faculty-of-physical-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7587</span> DOA Estimation Using Golden Section Search</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niharika%20Verma">Niharika Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Santosh"> Sandeep Santosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> DOA technique is a localization technique used in the communication field. Various algorithms have been developed for direction of arrival estimation like MUSIC, ROOT MUSIC, etc. These algorithms depend on various parameters like antenna array elements, number of snapshots and various others. Basically the MUSIC spectrum is evaluated and peaks obtained are considered as the angle of arrivals. The angles evaluated using this process depends on the scanning interval chosen. The accuracy of the results obtained depends on the coarseness of the interval chosen. In this paper, golden section search is applied to the MUSIC algorithm and therefore, more accurate results are achieved. Initially the coarse DOA estimations is done using the MUSIC algorithm in the range -90 to 90 degree at the interval of 10 degree. After the peaks obtained then fine DOA estimation is done using golden section search. Also, the partitioning method is applied to estimate the number of signals incident on the antenna array. Dependency of the algorithm on the number of snapshots is also being explained. Hence, the accurate results are being determined using this algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Direction%20of%20Arrival%20%28DOA%29" title="Direction of Arrival (DOA)">Direction of Arrival (DOA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=golden%20section%20search" title=" golden section search"> golden section search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MUSIC" title=" MUSIC"> MUSIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20of%20snapshots" title=" number of snapshots"> number of snapshots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24181/doa-estimation-using-golden-section-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7586</span> From Sound to Music: The Trajectory of Musical Semiotics in a Selected Soundscape Environment in South-Western Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olatunbosun%20Samuel%20Adekogbe">Olatunbosun Samuel Adekogbe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the question of musical signification, revolving around nature and its natural divides; the paper tends to examine the roles of the dispositional apparatus of listeners to react to sounding environments through music as coordinated sound that focuses on the powerful strain between vibrational occurrences of sound and potentials of being structured. This paper sets out to examine music as a simple conventional design that does not allude to something beyond music and sound as a vehicle to communicate through production, perception, translation, and reaction with regard to melodic and semiotic functions of sounds. This paper adopts the application of questionnaire and evolutionary approach methods to probe musical adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behavioural responses to musical sense-making beyond the above-sketched dichotomies, with a major focus on the transition from acoustic-emotional sensibilities to musical meaning in the selected soundscapes. It was observed that music has emancipated itself from the level of mere acoustic processing of sounds to a functional description in terms of allowing music users to share experiences and interact with the soundscaping environment. The paper, therefore, concludes that the audience as music participants and listeners in the selected soundscapes have been conceived as adaptive devices in the paradigm shift, which can build up new semiotic linkages with the sounding environments in southwestern Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiotics" title="semiotics">semiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound" title=" sound"> sound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soundscape" title=" soundscape"> soundscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176301/from-sound-to-music-the-trajectory-of-musical-semiotics-in-a-selected-soundscape-environment-in-south-western-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7585</span> Measuring the Effect of a Music Therapy Intervention in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Spain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20%C3%81lvarez">Pablo González Álvarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Vinaixa%20Verg%C3%A9s"> Anna Vinaixa Vergés</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Sol%20Ventura"> Paula Sol Ventura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Fern%C3%A1ndez"> Paula Fernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merc%C3%A8%20Redorta"> Mercè Redorta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gemma%20Ginovart%20Galiana"> Gemma Ginovart Galiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20M%C3%A9ndez%20Hern%C3%A1ndez"> Maria Méndez Hernández</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: The use of music therapy is gaining popularity worldwide, and it has shown positive effects in neonatology. Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol has recently established a music therapy unit and initiated a project in their neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Research Aim: The aim of this study is to measure the effect of a music therapy intervention in the NICU of Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol in Spain. Methodology: The study will be an observational analytical case-control study. All newborns admitted to the neonatology unit, both term and preterm, and their parents will be offered a session of music therapy. Data will be collected from families who receive at least two music therapy sessions. Maternal and paternal anxiety levels will be measured through a pre- and post-intervention test. Findings: The study aims to demonstrate the benefits and acceptance of music therapy by patients, parents, and healthcare workers in the neonatal unit. The findings are expected to show a reduction in maternal and paternal anxiety levels following the music therapy sessions. Theoretical Importance: This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the effectiveness of music therapy in neonatal care. It will provide evidence of the acceptance and potential benefits of music therapy in reducing anxiety levels in both parents and babies in the NICU setting. Data Collection: Data will be collected from families who receive at least two music therapy sessions. This will include pre- and post-intervention test results to measure anxiety levels. Analysis Procedures: The collected data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine the impact of music therapy on reducing anxiety levels in parents. Questions Addressed: - What is the effect of music therapy on maternal anxiety levels? - What is the effect of music therapy on paternal anxiety levels? - What is the acceptability and perceived benefits of music therapy among patients and healthcare workers in the NICU? Conclusion: The study aims to provide evidence supporting the value of music therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit. It seeks to demonstrate the positive effect of music therapy on reducing anxiety levels among parents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatology" title="neonatology">neonatology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20therapy" title=" music therapy"> music therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal%20intensive%20care%20unit" title=" neonatal intensive care unit"> neonatal intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=babies" title=" babies"> babies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parents" title=" parents"> parents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182826/measuring-the-effect-of-a-music-therapy-intervention-in-a-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-in-spain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7584</span> The Influence of Music Education and the Order of Sounds on the Grouping of Sounds into Sequences of Six Tones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Rosi%C5%84ski">Adam Rosiński</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses an experiment conducted with two groups of participants, composed of musicians and non-musicians, in order to investigate the impact of the speed of a sound sequence and the order of sounds on the grouping of sounds into sequences of six tones. Significant differences were observed between musicians and non-musicians with respect to the threshold sequence speed at which the sequence was split into two streams. The differences in the results for the two groups suggest that the musical education of the participating listeners may be a vital factor. The criterion of musical education should be taken into account during experiments so that the results obtained are reliable, uniform, and free from interpretive errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditory%20scene%20analysis" title="auditory scene analysis">auditory scene analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hearing" title=" hearing"> hearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoacoustics" title=" psychoacoustics"> psychoacoustics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158683/the-influence-of-music-education-and-the-order-of-sounds-on-the-grouping-of-sounds-into-sequences-of-six-tones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7583</span> True Detective as a Southern Gothic: A Study of Its Music-Lyrics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divya%20Sharma">Divya Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nic Pizzolatto’s True Detective offers profound mythological and philosophical ramblings for audiences with literary sensibilities. An American Sothern Gothic with its bayon landscape of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana, where two detectives Rustin Cohle and Martin Hart begin investigating the isolated murder of Dora Lange, only to discover an entrenched network of perversion and corruption, offers an existential outlook. The proposed research paper shall attempt to investigate the pervasive themes of gothic and existentialism in the music of the first season of the series. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gothic" title="gothic">gothic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existentialism" title=" existentialism"> existentialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mythology" title=" mythology"> mythology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21821/true-detective-as-a-southern-gothic-a-study-of-its-music-lyrics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7582</span> Musically Yours: Impact of Social Media Advertisement Music per the Circadian Rhythm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payal%20Bose">Payal Bose</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The impact of music on consumers' attention and emotions at different parts of the day are rarely/never studied. Music has been widely studied in different parameters, such as in-store music and its atmospheric effects, to understand consumer arousal, in-store traffic, perceptions of visual stimuli, and actual time spent in the store. Further other parameters such as tempo, shopper's age, volume, music preference, and its usage as foreground or background music acting as a mediator and impacting consumer behavior is also well researched. However, no study has traversed the influence of music on social media advertisements and its impact on the consumer mind. Most studies have catered to the influence of music on consumers conscious. A recent study found that playing pleasant music is more effective on weekdays in enhancing supermarkets' sales than on weekends. This led to a more pertinent question about the impact of music on different parts of the day and how it impacts the attention and emotion in the consumers’ mind is an interesting question to be asked given the fact that there is a high usage of social media advertisement consumption in the recent past on a day-to-day basis. This study would help brands on social media to structure their advertisements and engage more consumers towards their products. Prior literature has examined the effects or influence of music on consumers largely in retail, brick-and-mortar format. Hence most of the outcomes are favorable for physical retail environments. However, with the rise of Web 3.0 and social media marketing, it would be interesting to see how consumers' attention and emotion can be studied with the effects of music embedded in an advertisement during different parts of the day. A smartphone is considered a personal gadget, and viewing social media advertisements on them is mostly an intimate experience. Hence in a social media advertisement, most of the viewing happens on a one-on-one basis between the consumer and the brand advertisement. To the best of our knowledge, little or no work has explored the influence of music on different parts of the day (per the circadian rhythm) in advertising research. Previous works on social media advertisement have explored the timing of social media posts, deploying Targeted Content Advertising, appropriate content, reallocation of time, and advertising expenditure. Hence, I propose studying advertisements embedded with music during different parts of the day and its influence on consumers' attention and emotions. To address the research objectives and knowledge gap, it is intended to use a neuroscientific approach using fMRI and eye-tracking. The influence of music embedded in social media advertisement during different parts of the day would be assessed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title="music">music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromarketing" title=" neuromarketing"> neuromarketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engagement" title=" engagement"> engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168129/musically-yours-impact-of-social-media-advertisement-music-per-the-circadian-rhythm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7581</span> Exploring How Online Applications Help Students to Learn Music Virtually: A Study in an Australian Music Academy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Shah">Ali Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper outlines the case study experience of using a variety of online strategies in an Australian music academy context during covid times. The study aimed at exploring how online applications help students to learn music, specifically playing musical instruments, composing songs, and performing virtually. To explore this, music teachers’ perceptions and experiences regarding online learning, the teaching strategies they implemented, and the challenges they faced were examined. For the purpose of this study, a qualitative research structure was adopted through the use of three data collection tools. These methods included pre- and post-research individual interviews of teachers and students, analysis of their lesson plans, virtual classroom observations of the teachers followed by the researcher’sown reflections, post-observation discussions, and teachers’ reflective journals. The findings revealed that teachers had a theoretical understanding of virtual learning and recent musical application such as Flowkey, Skoove, and Piano marvel, which are benefits of e-learning. While teachers faced challenges in implementing strategies to teach keyboard/piano online, overall, both students and teachers felt the positive impact of online applications and strategies on their learning and felt that modern technology made it possible for anyone to take music lessons at home. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title="music">music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keyboard" title=" keyboard"> keyboard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piano" title=" piano"> piano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20learning" title=" online learning"> online learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning" title=" virtual learning"> virtual learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158433/exploring-how-online-applications-help-students-to-learn-music-virtually-a-study-in-an-australian-music-academy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7580</span> Detecting Music Enjoyment Level Using Electroencephalogram Signals and Machine Learning Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raymond%20Feng">Raymond Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shadi%20Ghiasi"> Shadi Ghiasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a non-invasive technique that records electrical activity in the brain using scalp electrodes. Researchers have studied the use of EEG to detect emotions and moods by collecting signals from participants and analyzing how those signals correlate with their activities. In this study, researchers investigated the relationship between EEG signals and music enjoyment. Participants listened to music while data was collected. During the signal-processing phase, power spectral densities (PSDs) were computed from the signals, and dominant brainwave frequencies were extracted from the PSDs to form a comprehensive feature matrix. A machine learning approach was then taken to find correlations between the processed data and the music enjoyment level indicated by the participants. To improve on previous research, multiple machine learning models were employed, including K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier, Support Vector Classifier, and Decision Tree Classifier. Hyperparameters were used to fine-tune each model to further increase its performance. The experiments showed that a strong correlation exists, with the Decision Tree Classifier with hyperparameters yielding 85% accuracy. This study proves that EEG is a reliable means to detect music enjoyment and has future applications, including personalized music recommendation, mood adjustment, and mental health therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG" title="EEG">EEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroencephalogram" title=" electroencephalogram"> electroencephalogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mood" title=" mood"> mood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20enjoyment" title=" music enjoyment"> music enjoyment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20signals" title=" physiological signals"> physiological signals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182307/detecting-music-enjoyment-level-using-electroencephalogram-signals-and-machine-learning-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7579</span> Tommy: Communication in Education about Disability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20V.%20Lee">Karen V. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The background and significance of this study involve communication in education by a faculty advisor exploring story and music that informs others about a disabled teacher. Social issues draw deep reflection about the emotional turmoil. As a musician becoming a teacher is a passionate yet complex endeavor, the faculty advisor shares a poetic but painful story about a disabled teacher being inducted into the teaching profession. The qualitative research method as theoretical framework draws on autoethnography of music and story where the faculty advisor approaches a professor for advice. His musicianship shifts her forward, backward, and sideways through feelings that evoke and provoke curriculum to remove communication barriers in education. They discover they do not transfer knowledge from educational method classes. Instead, the autoethnography embeds musical language as a metaphorical conduit for removing communication barriers in teacher education. Sub-themes involve communication barriers and educational technologies to ensure teachers receive social, emotional, physical, spiritual, and intervention disability resources that evoke visceral, emotional responses from the audience. Major findings of the study discover how autoethnography of music and story bring the authors to understand wider political issues of the practicum internship for teachers with disabilities. An epiphany reveals the irony of living in a culture of both uniformity and diversity. They explore the constructs of secrecy, ideology, abnormality, and marginalization by evoking visceral and emotional responses from the audience. As the voices harmonize plot, climax, characterization, and denouement, they dramatize meaning that is episodic yet incomplete to highlight the circumstances surrounding the disabled protagonist’s life. In conclusion, the qualitative research method argues for embracing storied experiences that depict communication in education. Scholarly significance embraces personal thoughts and feelings as a way of understanding social phenomena while highlighting the importance of removing communication barriers in education. The circumstance about a teacher with a disability is not uncommon in society. Thus, the authors resolve to removing barriers in education by using stories to transform the personal and cultural influences that provoke new ways of thinking about the curriculum for a disabled teacher. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20in%20education" title="communication in education">communication in education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20barriers" title=" communication barriers"> communication barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autoethnography" title=" autoethnography"> autoethnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42900/tommy-communication-in-education-about-disability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7578</span> Score to Screen: A Study of Emotional and Dramatic Elevation in Films Through Mychael Danna’s Scores</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namrata%20Hangala">Namrata Hangala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper dives into the powerful intersection between film music and storytelling and how it elevates the visuals while primarily focusing on Mychael Danna’s compositions for the study. Danna, an Academy Award-winning composer, is known for his brilliant ability to mix non-Western and culturally rich instruments with minimalist techniques. This unique approach forms the backbone of the analysis here. We take a close look at key scenes from films like Life of Pi, Moneyball, The Good Dinosaur, and Little Miss Sunshine, where Danna’s music plays a crucial role in shaping the story. By breaking down how these scores impact the scenes emotionally and dramatically, we can see how his music becomes part of the narrative itself. The paper blends different approaches to get to the heart of this scene-by-scene breakdowns, music theory, audience survey, and even insights directly from Danna. It discusses how his scores deepen the emotional connection and give more weight to the visual storytelling. The research also dives into the use of leitmotifs, cultural authenticity, and how his music can psychologically impact the viewer, making the story even more powerful. This study reveals how film music, especially Danna’s, doesn’t just sit in the background. It’s often the driving force behind the emotional and narrative core of the film, anchoring the visuals and shaping the way the viewers experience the story. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnomusicology" title="ethnomusicology">ethnomusicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20impact" title=" psychological impact"> psychological impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20scores" title=" film scores"> film scores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20music" title=" cultural music"> cultural music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compositional%20techniques" title=" compositional techniques"> compositional techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20storytelling" title=" emotional storytelling"> emotional storytelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194676/score-to-screen-a-study-of-emotional-and-dramatic-elevation-in-films-through-mychael-dannas-scores" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194676.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7577</span> Carnatic Music Ragas and Their Role in Music Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raghavi%20Janaswamy">Raghavi Janaswamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saraswathi%20K.%20Vasudev"> Saraswathi K. Vasudev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Raga, as the soul and base, is a distinctive musical entity, in the music system, with unique structure on its construction of srutis (musical sounds) and application. One of the essential components of the music system is the <em>‘tala’ </em>that defines the rhythm of a song. There are seven basic swaras (notes) Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa, Da and Ni in the carnatic music system that are analogous to the C, D, E, F, G, A and B of the western system. The carnatic music further builds on conscious use of microtones, gamakams (oscillation) and rendering styles. It has basic 72 ragas known as melakarta ragas, and a plethora of ragas have been developed from them with permutations and combinations of the basic swaras. Among them, some ragas derived from a same melakarta raga are distinctly different from each other and could evoke a profound difference in the raga bhava (emotion) during rendering. Although these could bear similar arohana and avarohana swaras, their quintessential differences in the gamakas usage and srutis present therein offer varied melodic feelings; variations in the intonation and stress given to certain swara phrases are the root causes. This article enlightens a group of such allied ragas (AR) from the perspectives of their schema and raga alapana (improvisation), ranjaka prayogas (signature phrases), differences in rendering tempo, gamakas and delicate srutis along with the range of sancharas (musical phrases). The intricate differences on the sruti frequencies and use of AR in composing kritis (musical compositions) toward emotive accomplishments such as mood of valor, kindness, love, humor, anger, mercy to name few, have also been explored. A brief review on the existing scientific research on the music therapy on some of the Carnatic ragas is presented. Studying and comprehending the AR, indeed, enable the music aspirants to gain a thorough knowledge on the subtle nuances among the ragas. Such knowledge helps leave a long-lasting melodic impression on the listeners and enable further research on the music therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carnatic%20music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allied%20ragas" title=" allied ragas"> allied ragas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melakarta" title=" melakarta"> melakarta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamakam" title=" gamakam"> gamakam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133062/carnatic-music-ragas-and-their-role-in-music-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7576</span> Automatic Music Score Recognition System Using Digital Image Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Hsiang%20Chang">Yuan-Hsiang Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhong-Xian%20Peng"> Zhong-Xian Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Der%20Jeng"> Li-Der Jeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Music has always been an integral part of human’s daily lives. But, for the most people, reading musical score and turning it into melody is not easy. This study aims to develop an <em>Automatic music score recognition system using digital image processing</em>, which can be used to read and analyze musical score images automatically. The technical approaches included: (1) staff region segmentation; (2) image preprocessing; (3) note recognition; and (4) accidental and rest recognition. Digital image processing techniques (e.g., horizontal /vertical projections, connected component labeling, morphological processing, template matching, etc.) were applied according to musical notes, accidents, and rests in staff notations. Preliminary results showed that our system could achieve detection and recognition rates of 96.3% and 91.7%, respectively. In conclusion, we presented an effective automated musical score recognition system that could be integrated in a system with a media player to play music/songs given input images of musical score. Ultimately, this system could also be incorporated in applications for mobile devices as a learning tool, such that a music player could learn to play music/songs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connected%20component%20labeling" title="connected component labeling">connected component labeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20processing" title=" morphological processing"> morphological processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20musical%20recognition" title=" optical musical recognition"> optical musical recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13588/automatic-music-score-recognition-system-using-digital-image-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7575</span> A Collaborative Action Research on the Teaching of Music Learning Center in Taiwan's Preschool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Ying%20Liao">Mei-Ying Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee-Ching%20Wei"> Lee-Ching Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Hsiang%20Tseng"> Jung-Hsiang Tseng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study was to explore the process of planning and execution of the music learning center in preschool. This study was conducted through a collaborative action research method. The research members included a university music professor, a teaching guide, a preschool director, and a preschool teacher, leading a class of 5-6-year-old children to participate in this study. Five teaching cycles were performed with a subject of bird. In the whole process that lasted three months, the research members would maintain the conversation, reflection, and revision repeatedly. A triangular validated method was used to collect data, including archives, interviews, seminars, observations, journals, and learning evaluations to improve research on the validity and reliability. It was found that a successful music learning center required comprehensive planning and execution. It is also important to develop good listening, singing, respect, and homing habits at the beginning of running the music learning center. By timely providing diverse musical instruments, learning materials, and activities according to the teaching goals, children’s desire to learning was highly stimulated. Besides, peer interactions improved their ensemble and problem-solving abilities. The collaborative action research enhanced the preschool teacher’s confidence and promoted professional growth of the research members. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20action%20research" title="collaborative action research">collaborative action research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20learning%20center" title=" music learning center"> music learning center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20development" title=" music development"> music development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65529/a-collaborative-action-research-on-the-teaching-of-music-learning-center-in-taiwans-preschool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7574</span> Preserving a Nation Oversea: Galician Folklore Music and Identity in the Americas. Analysis of Galician Migrant Music in the Latin American Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santiago%20Guerra%20Fern%C3%A1ndez">Santiago Guerra Fernández</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract—This study is focused on exploring the conditions for the development of Galician music in the communities of Latin America after the massive arrival of Galician immigrants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, fleeing from hunger and misery in Spain. Migration would be accentuated after 1936 with the arrival of refugees from the Spanish Civil War due to their Republican political militancy fleeing fascism. The aim of this paper is to investigate the part that miscegenation with other local musical traditions has played within Galician expat music, helping to understand the complexity of contemporary Galician identity. Through archival work, the focus is set on examining the different traditional dances (such as the ‘muiñeira’), folk instruments (bagpipes, ‘pandeireta’), and poetic forms (‘cantiga’, ‘copla’) that were exported to Argentina and Cuba. Although research about migrant Galician music has been conducted in Spanish scholarship, there is a gap in the English literature on the topic that this paper intends to fill in. The results show how these musical traditions have played an essential role in shaping the social life and customs of Galician emigrants. By virtue of its malleability and blending properties, music serves here as an indicator of social cohesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folk" title="folk">folk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galicia" title=" Galicia"> Galicia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161969/preserving-a-nation-oversea-galician-folklore-music-and-identity-in-the-americas-analysis-of-galician-migrant-music-in-the-latin-american-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7573</span> Discovery of the Piano Extended Techniques by Focusing on Symbols That George Crumb Used in Makrokosmos Volumes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parham%20Bakhtiari">Parham Bakhtiari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> George Crumb's Makrokosmos Volumes are considered significant pieces in twentieth-century piano music and showcase the extensive use of different tones and extended techniques on the piano. Crumb's works are known for making references, particularly to music from previous eras which the visual, aural, and numerical characteristics are symbolic in nature. Crumb created a list of symbols and shortened letters to clarify his unique directions to those who performed his compositions. The pianists who prepare to play Makrokosmos must dedicate time to study and analyze Crumb's markings diligently to accurately capture the composer's wishes. The aim of this paper is to provide a collection for pianists looking to perform George Crumb's compositions known as Makrokosmos Volumes. The research traits of unconventional playing techniques and discussions on the music explored by the composer are being described. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title="music">music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piano" title=" piano"> piano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crumb" title=" Crumb"> Crumb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makrokosmos" title=" Makrokosmos"> Makrokosmos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186687/discovery-of-the-piano-extended-techniques-by-focusing-on-symbols-that-george-crumb-used-in-makrokosmos-volumes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7572</span> Voice in Music Therapy and Adult Trauma Research: Presenting a Meta-Synthesis of Lived Experience Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirsten%20B.%20Hillman">Kirsten B. Hillman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing body of qualitative research in adult mental health and music therapy contexts which highlights user perspectives; however, only a very small sub-section of this literature pertains to people with lived experiences of psychological trauma. This paper will provide a meta-synthesis of this existing body of research, with the intention to present a cohesive overview of salient themes in this research and a platform for the under-represented voices of those with lived experience. This synthesis will be contextualised within a broader discussion of ‘Voice’ in trauma and music therapy research, considering its layered meanings: including literal expressive vocalising and musical expression, voicing after experiences of silencing, and the possibilities of experiencing self-determination and agency in therapy after trauma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lived%20experience" title="lived experience">lived experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20therapy" title=" music therapy"> music therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20perspectives" title=" user perspectives"> user perspectives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140541/voice-in-music-therapy-and-adult-trauma-research-presenting-a-meta-synthesis-of-lived-experience-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7571</span> Database Playlists: Croatia's Popular Music in the Mirror of Collective Memory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Grguric">Diana Grguric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Svetlacic"> Robert Svetlacic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Simovic"> Vladimir Simovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scientific research analytically explores database playlists by studying the memory culture through Croatian popular radio music. The research is based on the scientific analysis of databases developed on the basis of the playlist of ten Croatian radio stations. The most recent Croatian song on Statehood Day 2008-2013 is analyzed in order to gain insight into their (memory) potential in terms of storing, interpreting and presenting a national identity. The research starts with the general assumption that popular music is an efficient identifier, transmitter, and promoter of national identity. The aim of the scientific research of the database was to analytically reveal specific titles of Croatian popular songs that participate in marking memories and analyzing their symbolic capital to gain insight into the popular music experience of the past and to develop a new method of scientifically based analysis of specific databases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20databases" title="specific databases">specific databases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=popular%20radio%20music" title=" popular radio music"> popular radio music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20memory" title=" collective memory"> collective memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20identity" title=" national identity"> national identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76007/database-playlists-croatias-popular-music-in-the-mirror-of-collective-memory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7570</span> Local Boundary Analysis for Generative Theory of Tonal Music: From the Aspect of Classic Music Melody Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Chun%20Wang">Po-Chun Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Ru%20Lai"> Yan-Ru Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophia%20I.%20C.%20Lin"> Sophia I. C. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alvin%20W.%20Y.%20Su"> Alvin W. Y. Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM) provides systematic approaches to recognizing local boundaries of music. The rules have been implemented in some automated melody segmentation algorithms. Besides, there are also deep learning methods with GTTM features applied to boundary detection tasks. However, these studies might face constraints such as a lack of or inconsistent label data. The GTTM database is currently the most widely used GTTM database, which includes manually labeled GTTM rules and local boundaries. Even so, we found some problems with these labels. They are sometimes discrepancies with GTTM rules. In addition, since it is labeled at different times by multiple musicians, they are not within the same scope in some cases. Therefore, in this paper, we examine this database with musicians from the aspect of classical music and relabel the scores. The relabeled database - GTTM Database v2.0 - will be released for academic research usage. Despite the experimental and statistical results showing that the relabeled database is more consistent, the improvement in boundary detection is not substantial. It seems that we need more clues than GTTM rules for boundary detection in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dataset" title="dataset">dataset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GTTM" title=" GTTM"> GTTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20boundary" title=" local boundary"> local boundary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156472/local-boundary-analysis-for-generative-theory-of-tonal-music-from-the-aspect-of-classic-music-melody-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7569</span> Reflections on the Trajectory of an Online Literature Cafe through Its Music and Arts Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariko%20Hara">Mariko Hara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mari%20Aoki"> Mari Aoki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takako%20Ito"> Takako Ito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masao%20Sugita"> Masao Sugita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social distancing measures due to the COVID-19 crisis had a severe impact on music and art practices based in community settings. They had to re-think how to connect with their dispersed community using online tools. As the social distancing continues, there is an urgent need to investigate the possibilities of online community music and art practices. Are they sustainable actions that can have positive impacts on the community and the quality of lives of people over time? The Online Lindgren Café (hereafter ‘OLC’) is a monthly online literature event which started in June 2020. In the OLC, up to 14 members meet online to discuss the works of Astrid Lindgren and similar authors. Members come from various places in Japan and Norway, with a variety of expertise from music therapy, music education, psychotherapy, music sociology, storytelling, and theatre, and their family members join them. In these meetings, music and arts activities emerged in response to interests among the members. The resources and experiences of the members helped to develop these activities further. This paper first introduces one of the music and art activities in one specific event, a collaborative picture book-making with music, which was initiated and led by the second author. The third author chose the music, and the activity itself was recorded. This is followed by the description of a reflecting event, where the recording of the collaborative picture book-making activity was shared to facilitate further creations (drawings, haiku, and fabric weaving) as well as group reflections on the trajectories of the Online Lindgren Café. Finally, we will discuss the preliminary findings using the data collected at the reflecting event. Key findings suggest that the resource-driven approach of the OLC leveled the relationships among the intergenerational, multi-cultural, and interdisciplinary members. This enabled the members to set aside their professional and/or predominant identities, which allowed them to discover their own and others’ resources. The relaxed, unstructured, and liminal phenomenon at OLC can be regarded as a form of communitas, where members gain a sense of liberation and belonging in a different way from in-person communications. Participation from one’s home, as well as a video conferencing function that allowed the members to position themselves among the other participants in equal-sized windows, seems to have enabled members to feel safe to express themselves openly at the same time feel a sense of belonging. Furthermore, in the OLC, music and arts activities acted to inclusively connect and re-connect dispersed, intergenerational members with each other. For instance, in a music and drawing activity, music acted as a means for each member to engage in their own ‘drawing space’ while still feeling connected with the others. The positive experiences from these activities inspired the members to use similar approaches outside of the OLC. The finding suggests that, because of its resource-driven approach supported by the music and arts activities, the OLC could be developed further as a permeable and sustainable action even after any current social distancing measures are lifted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communitas" title="communitas">communitas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musical%20affordances" title=" musical affordances"> musical affordances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20community%20of%20practices" title=" online community of practices"> online community of practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource-driven%20approach" title=" resource-driven approach"> resource-driven approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135021/reflections-on-the-trajectory-of-an-online-literature-cafe-through-its-music-and-arts-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7568</span> Enhanced Physiological Response of Blood Pressure and Improved Performance in Successive Divided Attention Test Seen with Classical Instrumental Background Music Compared to Controls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shantala%20Herlekar">Shantala Herlekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Entrainment effect of music on cardiovascular parameters is well established. Music is being used in the background by medical students while studying. However, does it really help them relax faster and concentrate better? Objectives: This study was done to compare the effects of classical instrumental background music versus no music on blood pressure response over time and on successively performed divided attention test in Indian and Malaysian 1st-year medical students. Method: 60 Indian and 60 Malaysian first year medical students, with an equal number of girls and boys were randomized into two groups i.e music group and control group thus creating four subgroups. Three different forms of Symbol Digit Modality Test (to test concentration ability) were used as a pre-test, during music/control session and post-test. It was assessed using total, correct and error score. Simultaneously, multiple Blood Pressure recordings were taken as pre-test, during 1, 5, 15, 25 minutes during music/control (+SDMT) and post-test. The music group performed the test with classical instrumental background music while the control group performed it in silence. Results were analyzed using students paired t test. p value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. A drop in BP recording was indicative of relaxed state and a rise in BP with task performance was indicative of increased arousal. Results: In Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) test, Music group showed significant better results for correct (p = 0.02) and total (p = 0.029) scores during post-test while errors reduced (p = 0.002). Indian music group showed decline in post-test error scores (p = 0.002). Malaysian music group performed significantly better in all categories. Blood pressure response was similar in music and control group with following variations, a drop in BP at 5minutes, being significant in music group (p < 0.001), a steep rise in values till 15minutes (corresponding to SDMT test) also being significant only in music group (p < 0.001) and the Systolic BP readings in controls during post-test were at lower levels compared to music group. On comparing the subgroups, not much difference was noticed in recordings of Indian student’s subgroups while all the paired-t test values in the Malaysian music group were significant. Conclusion: These recordings indicate an increased relaxed state with classical instrumental music and an increased arousal while performing a concentration task. Music used in our study was beneficial to students irrespective of their nationality and preference of music type. It can act as an “active coping” strategy and alleviate stress within a very short period of time, in our study within a span of 5minutes. When used in the background, during task performance, can increase arousal which helps the students perform better. Implications: Music can be used between lectures for a short time to relax the students and help them concentrate better for the subsequent classes, especially for late afternoon sessions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title="blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20instrumental%20background%20music" title=" classical instrumental background music"> classical instrumental background music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbol%20digit%20modality%20test" title=" symbol digit modality test"> symbol digit modality test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96182/enhanced-physiological-response-of-blood-pressure-and-improved-performance-in-successive-divided-attention-test-seen-with-classical-instrumental-background-music-compared-to-controls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7567</span> Factors Drive Consumers to Purchase Digital Music: An Empirical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chechen%20Liao">Chechen Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Jen%20Huang"> Yi-Jen Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Ting%20Lu"> Yu-Ting Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores and complements digital aspects. In this study, we construct a research model based on the theory of reasoned action and extend it with the advantages and disadvantages of intangibility (convenience, perceived risk), some characteristics of digital products (price, variety, trialability), and factors related to entertainment (perceived playfulness) to predict what consumers really consider when they buy digital music. Eight hypotheses were tested and supported. Finally, we prove that the theory of reasoned action is still valid in the field of digital products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20music" title="digital music">digital music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20product" title=" digital product"> digital product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20reasoned%20action" title=" theory of reasoned action "> theory of reasoned action </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29870/factors-drive-consumers-to-purchase-digital-music-an-empirical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7566</span> Using a Card Game as a Tool for Developing a Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Haenisch">Matthias Haenisch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katharina%20Hermann"> Katharina Hermann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20Godau"> Marc Godau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verena%20Weidner"> Verena Weidner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the past two decades, international music education has been characterized by a growing interest in informal learning for formal contexts and a "compositional turn" that has moved from closed to open forms of composing. This change occurs under social and technological conditions that permeate 21st-century musical practices. This forms the background of Musical Communities in the (Post)Digital Age (MusCoDA), a four-year joint research project of the University of Erfurt (UE) and the University of Education Karlsruhe (PHK), funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Both explore songwriting processes as an example of collective creativity in (post)digital communities, one in formal and the other in informal learning contexts. Collective songwriting will be studied from a network perspective, that will allow us to view boundaries between both online and offline as well as formal and informal or hybrid contexts as permeable and to reconstruct musical learning practices. By comparing these songwriting processes, possibilities for a pedagogical-didactic interweaving of different educational worlds are highlighted. Therefore, the subproject of the University of Erfurt investigates school music lessons with the help of interviews, videography, and network maps by analyzing new digital pedagogical and didactic possibilities. In the first step, the international literature on songwriting in the music classroom was examined for design development. The analysis focused on the question of which methods and practices are circulating in the current literature. Results from this stage of the project form the basis for the first instructional design that will help teachers in planning regular music classes and subsequently reconstruct musical learning practices under these conditions. In analyzing the literature, we noticed certain structural methods and concepts that recur, such as the Building Blocks method and the pre-structuring of the songwriting process. From these findings, we developed a deck of cards that both captures the current state of research and serves as a method for design development. With this deck of cards, both teachers and students themselves can plan their individual songwriting lessons by independently selecting and arranging topic, structure, and action cards. In terms of science communication, music educators' interactions with the card game provide us with essential insights for developing the first design. The overall goal of MusCoDA is to develop an empirical model of collective musical creativity and learning and an instructional design for teaching music in the postdigital age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=card%20game" title="card game">card game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20songwriting" title=" collective songwriting"> collective songwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20of%20practice" title=" community of practice"> community of practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postdigital" title=" postdigital"> postdigital</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146534/using-a-card-game-as-a-tool-for-developing-a-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20education&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20education&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20education&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20education&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20education&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item 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