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</div> </div>  <div id="node-41145" class="node node-right"> <div class="content content-landing-page clear-block"> <div class="field field-type-filefield field-field-landing-image"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <img class="imagefield imagefield-field_landing_image" width="900" height="120" alt="" src="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/files/members_landing.jpg?1474904085" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-icon"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> icon </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-landing-titles"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <p class="title"><i>The House of Commons, 1793-94 by Karl Anton Hickel.<br />National Portrait Gallery, London.</i></p><h2 class="title">Members 1386-1421</h2><h3>Published in 1993</h3> </div> </div> </div> <p>These volumes deal with the earliest period covered by the History of Parliament so far. They contain the biographies of 3,175 individuals who sat in the House of Commons in the late 14th and early 15th centuries.</p><p>The <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/v-composition-house-commons">composition of the House of Commons</a> is dealt with broadly in J.S. Roskell's <i>Introductory Survey. </i>The Survey also provides further details of Members in the form of tables. These include the status of the <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/appendix-b1-knights-rank-members-parliament">knights of the shire elected to the House</a>; on <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/appendix-b2-men-law-members-parliament">men of law as Members of Parliament</a> (particularly significant given the ordinance of 1372 banning the election of knights of the shire of men of law engaged in business in the King's courts on behalf of clients); the question of the <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/appendix-b2-men-law-members-parliament">residence of Members</a>; the <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/appendix-b4-sheriffs-elected-parliament">sheriffs elected to Parliament</a>; and the <a href="/volume/1386-1421/survey/appendix-b5-appointment-members-collectors-subsidies-granted-parliament">appointment of Members as collectors of subsidies</a> granted in Parliament.  Another series of appendices provides information on office-holders, associates of particular noblemen and membership of factions in various parliaments. A fourth set of appendices provides lists of new and re-elected Members in each Parliament, and indexes of Members who sat for more than one shire or borough or shires and boroughs.</p><p>Apart from the affiliations and motives of many of the men who sought membership of the Commons, the biographies illuminate a number of other themes of the period: the contrast between the accepted code of chivalrous conduct and the reality of military service in the wars in France, Scotland and Ireland; the competitive pursuit of wealthy heiresses; the use and abuse of the legal system to further the acquisition of property; the sometimes ambivalent relations between the laity and the Church; and their fluctuating success and failures in the scramble for patronage and preferment from the Crown and baronetage alike.</p><p>Among the Members included are the poet <a href="/node/47198/">Geoffrey Chaucer</a>; the pirates <a href="/node/48352/"> William Long</a> and <a href="/node/47982/">John Hawley</a>; Lollards, including <a href="/node/48652/">Sir John Oldcastle</a>, who met a traitor's death; henchmen of the king (most notably the infamous <a href="/node/47112/">Bussy</a>, <a href="/node/46699/">Bagot</a> and <a href="/node/47869/">Green</a>) and the most outstanding parliamentarians of the Middle Ages, among them <a href="/node/49396/">Sir John Tiptoft</a>, perhaps the youngest Speaker ever to be elected, and the intrepid <a href="/node/49049/">Sir Arnold Savage</a>, whose verbal exchanges with Henry IV throw fresh light on the relationship between King and Commons in the 15th century.</p> <p> </p><p> </p> </div> <div id="content-right"> <div id="block-block-34" class="block "> <div class="content"> <br> <br> <table width="900" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td style="background-color:#13A8C9;background-image:url('http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/sites/all/themes/custom/hop2/images/backgrounds/medieval_small.png');color:white;padding:3px;vertical-align:middle;text-align: right;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;" width="112" height="35"><a href="/periods/medieval"><h2 style="color:white;">EXPLORE the<br><br>Medieval Period of<br><br>historyofparliamentonline</h2></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#13A8C9;color:white; vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap; width: 0px; " height="140"><a href="/about/publications"><img src="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/sites/all/themes/custom/hop2/images/backgrounds/buy-our-pubs-footer-block.jpg" alt="Our Publications" width="300" height="100"></a></td> </tr> </table> <br> <h2>Related Resources</h2> <br> <a href="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/research/constituencies/constituencies-1386-1421">1386-1421 Constituencies </a> <br /> <a href="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/research/parliaments/parliaments-1386-1421">1386-1421 Parliaments </a> <br /> <a href="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/research/surveys/surveys-1386-1421">1386-1421 Surveys </a> <br /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="content-bottom"> <div id="block-views-featured_members-block_3" class="block "> <h2 class="title">Featured Members volume</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-featured-members view-id-featured_members view-display-id-block_3 view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <table class="views-view-grid col-3"> <tbody> <tr class="row-1 row-first row-last"> <td class="col-1 col-first"> <div class="views-field-field-images-nid"> <div class="field-content"><a href="/volume/1386-1421/member/whittington-richard-1423"><img src="http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/files/imagecache/thumbnail/whittington_richard003.jpg" alt="" title="" width="80" height="80" class="imagecache imagecache-thumbnail"/></a></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-web-title-value"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/volume/1386-1421/member/whittington-richard-1423"><h3>WHITTINGTON, Richard (d.1423)</h3></a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-phpcode"> <span class="field-content">Although legend would have us believe that Richard rose from obscure beginnings to become the greatest Londoner of his day, his family was neither poor nor undistinguished. As the youngest son of Sir William Whittington, a minor Gloucestershire landowner, he could not, however, expect to inherit...</span> </div> <span class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/volume/1386-1421/member/whittington-richard-1423">Read more</a></span> </span> </td> <td class="col-2"> </td> <td class="col-3 col-last"> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> <div id="footer-gradient"> </div> <div id="footer"><div id="copyright"> © Crown copyright and The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2020 </div> <div id="footer-links"> <ul> <li><a href="/about/terms-and-conditions" title="Terms & Conditions">Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li><a href="/help/privacy-and-cookies">Privacy & Cookies</a></li> <li><a href="/about/faqs">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/commonly-used-abbreviations" title="Abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="mailto:website@histparl.ac.uk">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </div></div> <div id="ihr-logo"><a href="http://www.history.ac.uk" target="_blank"><img src="/files/IHR-maintained-logo.png" alt="IHR Logo" /></a></div> </div> </body> </html>