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Typhoon </a> </li> <li> <a href="#hurricane-vs-tornado" data-crb-ev="" data-crb-linkid="" data-crb-linkname="" data-add-hash > Hurricane Vs. Tornado </a> </li> <li> <a href="#cyclones-vs-hurricanes-vs-typhoons-vs-tornadoes" data-crb-ev="" data-crb-linkid="" data-crb-linkname="" data-add-hash > Cyclones Vs. Hurricanes Vs. Typhoons Vs. Tornadoes </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="article__entry"> <p><em>Cyclone</em>, <em>hurricane</em>, and <em>typhoon</em> are all terms for big storms. Are they all the same thing? What’s the difference?</p> <p>Join us on this whirlwind tour as we answer these questions and more:</p> <ul> <li>What’s the difference between a <em>cyclone</em>, a <em>hurricane</em>, and a <em>typhoon</em>?</li> <li>What’s the difference between a <em>tropical cyclone</em>, a <em>tropical depression</em>, and a <em>tropical storm</em>?</li> <li>Why are some <em>tropical cyclones</em> called <em>hurricanes</em> and others called <em>typhoons</em>?</li> <li>What’s the difference between a <em>hurricane</em> and a <em>tornado</em>?</li> </ul> <h2> <span id="quick-summary">⚡ <strong>Quick summary</span> </strong></h2> <p>The word <em>cyclone</em> is a general term for a large storm system, the most severe kind of which is called a<em> tropical cyclone</em>. The words <em>hurricane</em> and <em>typhoon</em> are simply different names for <em>tropical cyclones</em>. <em>Tropical cyclones</em> that originate in the West (mostly over the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico) are called <em>hurricanes</em>. <em>Tropical cyclones</em> that originate in the East (mostly over the western Pacific and northern Indian Ocean) are called <em>typhoons</em>. A <em>tornado</em> is different altogether—it’s a funnel cloud that forms from a storm over land (sometimes as part of a <em>hurricane</em>). <em>Tornadoes</em> are much smaller in scale than <em>hurricanes</em>.</p> <h2> <span id="what-is-a-cyclone"><strong>What is a <i>cyclone</i>?</strong></span> </h2> <p>A <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cyclone"><em>cyclone</em></a> is, technically speaking, “a large-scale, <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/atmospheric">atmospheric</a> wind-and-pressure system characterized by low pressure at its center and by circular wind motion.”</p> <p>Because these systems generally produce clouds and precipitation, the word <em>cyclone</em> is often used generally to refer to a big storm.</p> <p>The word <em>cyclone</em> comes from the Greek <em>kyklôn</em>, meaning “revolving.”</p> <h3><b><em>Tropical cyclone</em> vs. <em>tropical depression</em> vs. <em>tropical storm </em></b></h3> <p>When <em>cyclones</em> form around the region known as the <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tropic"><em>tropics</em></a>, they are called <em><a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tropical-cyclone">tropical cyclones</a></em>. <em>Tropical cyclones</em> are classified based on their strength, largely based on the speed of the winds they produce. They may start as<em> <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tropical-depression">tropical depressions</a></em>. If they become more severe, they are called <em><a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tropical-storm">tropical storms</a></em>.</p> <h2> <span id="hurricane-vs-typhoon"><strong>What’s the difference between a <em>hurricane</em> and a <em>typhoon</em>?</strong></span> </h2> <p>The most severe <em>tropical cyclones</em>—those with winds of 64 knots (74 mph or 119 km/h) or more—are called <em><a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/hurricane">hurricanes</a></em> or <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/typhoon"><em>typhoons</em></a>. Which term is used depends on where the storm occurs.</p> <p>The name <em>hurricane</em> is used for <em>tropical cyclones</em> of the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and the central northern and eastern Pacific Ocean.</p> <p>The name <em>typhoon</em> is used for <em>tropical cyclones</em> of the western and northwestern Pacific Ocean and the northern Indian Ocean.</p> <p>In other places, the generic term <em>tropical cyclone</em> is used.</p> <p>Despite the naming differences, they’re all the same thing in terms of how they’re formed and how they behave and function.</p> <p> <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/e/s/10-weather-words-you-need-to-know/#amazing-weather-words" class="article__callout-link" target="_blank">Discover more tempestuous weather words for all kinds of climate.</a> </p> <p><em>Hurricanes</em> and <em>typhoons</em> are also further separated into different levels of intensity. The biggest <em>hurricanes</em> with the strongest winds—the ones you’re most likely to hear about when they’re forecasted to make <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/landfall">landfall</a>—are classified as <em>major hurricanes</em> (these include those labeled as <em><a href="https://www.dictionary.com/e/hurricane-category">Category</a> 3</em>, <em>4</em>, and <em>5</em> <em>hurricanes</em>). <em>Typhoons</em> with the highest wind speeds are classified as <em>super typhoons</em>.</p> <p>Regardless of their severity or what they’re called, <em>cyclones</em> rotate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.</p> <p>The word <em>hurricane</em> comes to English via the Spanish<em> huracán</em> and the Portuguese<em> furacão</em>, from the Taíno <em>huracán</em> and <em>furacán</em>—all words for ferocious storms. The word <em>typhoon</em> is an alteration of earlier words such as the Arabic<em> ṭūfān</em>, meaning “hurricane” or “<a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/deluge">deluge</a>,” and the Chinese <em>taaî fung</em>, meaning “great wind.” It may ultimately come from the Greek <em>tȳphôn</em>, meaning “violent wind.”</p> <h2> <span id="hurricane-vs-tornado"><strong><em>Hurricane</em> vs. <em>tornado</em></strong></span> </h2> <p>Like <em>hurricanes</em>, <em>tornadoes</em> involve the rotating movement of air. But a <em>hurricane</em> isn’t just a really big <em>tornado</em>. Simply speaking, a <em>hurricane</em> is a storm—or, more precisely, a storm system that’s often made up of multiple <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/thunderstorm">thunderstorms</a>. A <em>tornado</em>, on the other hand, could be described as a single element of a single storm.</p> <p>In technical terms, a <em><a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tornado">tornado</a></em> is “a system of atmospheric <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/circulation">circulation</a>, characterized by a long, funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground and made visible by <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/condensation">condensation</a> and debris.” (In other words, the spinning air <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/funnel">funnel</a> we know as a <em>tornado</em> is invisible until it starts gathering up water vapor, dirt, and other debris.)</p> <p>Unlike <em>hurricanes</em>, <em>tornadoes</em> are exclusive to land. <em>Hurricanes</em> are essentially massive, spinning formations of multiple thunderstorms, while <em>tornadoes</em> are formed from a wind <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vortex">vortex</a> from the hot, <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/high-pressure">high-pressure</a> wind of a single thunderstorm over land. <em>Tornadoes</em> can form from the thunderstorms that make up a <em>hurricane</em>, but they more commonly form from single thunderstorms.</p> <p><em>Hurricanes</em> are much, much bigger than <em>tornadoes</em>. The largest <em>tornadoes</em> are about 2 miles (3.2 km) in diameter, and average ones are often much smaller. In contrast, the average <em>hurricane</em> is about 300 miles (482 km) in diameter.</p> <p> <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/e/climate-change-terms/" class="article__callout-link" target="_blank">Learn more about the language of climate change and how these big storms fit in.</a> </p> <p>To be considered a <em>hurricane</em>, a storm system must have wind speeds of at least 64 knots (74 mph or 119 km/h). <em>Tornadoes</em> produce wind speeds of at least 34 knots (40 mph). <em>Hurricanes</em> and <em>tornadoes</em> are both known for how dangerous and destructive they can be. <em>Tornadoes</em> can destroy everything in their path, but they’re relatively small and short-lived. <em>Hurricanes</em> are capable of even more widespread destruction due to their size and their ability to move across entire regions and last for several days, causing destruction with both high winds and massive amounts of rainfall.</p> <h3><strong><em>Cyclone</em> vs. <em>tornado</em></strong></h3> <p>In casual use, the word <em>cyclone</em> is sometimes used to refer to a <em>tornado</em>, but it is not used this way in scientific contexts.</p> <h2> <span id="cyclones-vs-hurricanes-vs-typhoons-vs-tornadoes"><strong><em>Cyclones</em> vs. <em>hurricanes</em> vs. <em>typhoons</em> vs. <em>tornadoes</em></strong></span> </h2> <p>To recap:</p> <ul> <li><em>Cyclones</em> are massive, rotating storm systems.</li> <li>Those that form in the tropics are called <em>tropical cyclones</em>.</li> <li>Less severe <em>tropical cyclones</em> are called <em>tropical depressions</em>.</li> <li>More severe <em>tropical cyclones</em> are called <em>tropical storms</em>.</li> <li>The most severe <em>tropical cyclones</em> are called either <em>hurricanes</em> or <em>typhoons</em> depending on where they occur.</li> <li><em>Tornadoes</em> are rotating funnel clouds that only form over land, and they’re much, much smaller than <em>hurricanes</em>.</li> </ul> <div class='gf_browser_safari gform_wrapper 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