CINXE.COM

File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png - Wikimedia Commons

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png - Wikimedia Commons</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )commonswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d34bd8c6-ab03-45e1-b404-33ba2e8207dc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"File","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":6,"wgPageName":"File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png","wgTitle":"Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png","wgCurRevisionId":867350066,"wgRevisionId":867350066,"wgArticleId":1955241,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false, "wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["PD-old missing SDC copyright status","CC-PD-Mark","Author died more than 100 years ago public domain images","Writings of Benjamin Franklin","Daylight saving time","Journal de Paris","Letters to the editor","1784-04-16","Time in France"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png","wgRelevantArticleId":1955241,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRestrictionUpload":[],"wgNoticeProject":"commons","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":false,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample" :false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wbUserPreferredContentLanguages":["en"],"wbUserSpecifiedLanguages":["en"],"wbCopyright":{"version":"wikibase-1","messageHtml":"By clicking \"publish\", you agree to the \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Commons:Copyrights\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Commons:Copyrights\"\u003Eterms of use\u003C/a\u003E, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/\"\u003ECreative Commons CC0 License\u003C/a\u003E."},"wbBadgeItems":[],"wbMultiLingualStringLimit":250,"wbTaintedReferencesEnabled":false,"wbEntityId":"M1955241","wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"upwizPropertyTitles":{"P180":"Main subjects visible in this work"},"upwizPropertyPlaceholders":{"P180":"e.g., Angolan giraffe"},"upwizPropertyCopyLabels":{"P180":"Main subjects"},"wgULSPosition":"personal","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":true,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":false, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wbmiDefaultProperties":["P180"],"wbmiPropertyTitles":{"P180":"Items portrayed in this file"},"wbmiPropertyTypes":{"P180":"wikibase-item","P571":"time"},"wbmiRepoApiUrl":"/w/api.php","wbmiHelpUrls":{"P180":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Depicts"},"wbmiExternalEntitySearchBaseUri":"https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php","wbmiSupportedDataTypes":["wikibase-item","string","quantity","time","monolingualtext","external-id","globe-coordinate","url"],"wbCurrentRevision":867350066,"wbEntity":{"type":"mediainfo","id":"M1955241","labels":[],"descriptions":[],"statements":{"P571":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P571","hash":"6c50828994f37fffa61adede466a97ee39692013","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1784-04-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"}},"type":"statement","id":"M1955241$3163A437-599D-4C83-A51D-27456C97D3AB","rank": "normal"}]}},"wbmiMinCaptionLength":5,"wbmiMaxCaptionLength":250,"wbmiParsedMessageAnonEditWarning":"\u003Cp\u003EYou are not logged in and your \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:IP address\"\u003EIP address\u003C/a\u003E will be publicly visible if you make any edits. \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Special:UserLogin\" title=\"Special:UserLogin\"\u003ELogging in\u003C/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Special:CreateAccount\" title=\"Special:CreateAccount\"\u003Ecreating an account\u003C/a\u003E will conceal your IP address and provide you with many other \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Wikipedia:Why create an account?\"\u003Ebenefits\u003C/a\u003E. Please do not save test edits. If you want to experiment, please use the \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Commons:Sandbox\" title=\"Commons:Sandbox\"\u003ESandbox\u003C/a\u003E.\n\u003C/p\u003E","wbmiProtectionMsg":null, "wbmiShowIPEditingWarning":true,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.Long-Image-Names-in-Categories":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","wikibase.alltargets":"ready","wikibase.desktop":"ready","jquery.wikibase.toolbar.styles":"ready","mediawiki.interface.helpers.styles":"ready","mediawiki.action.view.filepage":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","filepage":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","codex-search-styles":"ready","ext.uls.pt":"ready","wikibase.mediainfo.filepage.styles":"ready","wikibase.mediainfo.statements.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["wikibase.entityPage.entityLoaded","wikibase.ui.entityViewInit","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.legacy.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.Slideshow","ext.gadget.ZoomViewer","ext.gadget.CollapsibleTemplates","ext.gadget.fastcci","ext.gadget.Stockphoto","ext.gadget.WatchlistNotice","ext.gadget.AjaxQuickDelete","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.LanguageSelect","ext.gadget.PictureOfTheYearEnhancements","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.wikimediaEvents.wikibase","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.compactlinks","ext.uls.interface","wikibase.mediainfo.filePageDisplay","ext.checkUser.clientHints"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=codex-search-styles%2Cfilepage%7Cext.uls.pt%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cjquery.wikibase.toolbar.styles%7Cmediawiki.action.view.filepage%7Cmediawiki.interface.helpers.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.alltargets%2Cdesktop%7Cwikibase.mediainfo.filepage.styles%7Cwikibase.mediainfo.statements.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=ext.gadget.Long-Image-Names-in-Categories&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/1200px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1728"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/800px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1152"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/640px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="922"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png - Wikimedia Commons"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.json" type="application/json"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.php" type="application/vnd.php.serialized"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.n3" type="text/n3"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.ttl" type="text/turtle"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.nt" type="application/n-triples"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.rdf" type="application/rdf+xml"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/M1955241.jsonld" type="application/ld+json"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/commons.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/commons.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikimedia Commons"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikimedia Commons Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-6 ns-subject mw-editable page-File_Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784_png rootpage-File_Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784_png skin-vector action-view wb-entitypage wb-mediainfopage wb-mediainfopage-M1955241"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">File</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><ul id="filetoc" role="navigation"><li><a href="#file">File</a></li> <li><a href="#filehistory">File history</a></li> <li><a href="#filelinks">File usage on Commons</a></li> <li><a href="#globalusage">File usage on other wikis</a></li></ul><div class="fullImageLink" id="file"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"><img alt="File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/416px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png?20070415215334" decoding="async" width="416" height="599" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/624px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png?20070415215334 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/832px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png?20070415215334 2x" data-file-width="1354" data-file-height="1950" /></a><div class="mw-filepage-resolutioninfo">Size of this preview: <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/416px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">416 × 599 pixels</a>. <span class="mw-filepage-other-resolutions">Other resolutions: <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/166px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">166 × 240 pixels</a> | <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/333px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">333 × 480 pixels</a> | <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/533px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">533 × 768 pixels</a> | <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/711px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">711 × 1,024 pixels</a> | <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="mw-thumbnail-link">1,354 × 1,950 pixels</a>.</span></div></div> <div class="mw-content-ltr fullMedia" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" class="internal" title="Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png">Original file</a></bdi> <span class="fileInfo">(1,354 × 1,950 pixels, file size: 3.26 MB, MIME type: <span class="mime-type">image/png</span>)</span> </p></div><div class='wbmi-tabs-container oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout'><div id='ooui-php-1' class='wbmi-tabs oo-ui-layout oo-ui-menuLayout oo-ui-menuLayout-static oo-ui-menuLayout-top oo-ui-menuLayout-showMenu oo-ui-indexLayout' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.IndexLayout","classes":["wbmi-tabs"],"expanded":false,"menuPanel":{"tag":"ooui-php-2"},"contentPanel":{"tag":"ooui-php-3"},"autoFocus":false,"tabPanels":{"wikiTextPlusCaptions":{"tag":"ooui-php-4"},"statements":{"tag":"ooui-php-5"}},"tabSelectWidget":{"tag":"ooui-php-6"}}'><div aria-hidden='false' class='oo-ui-menuLayout-menu'><div id='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-indexLayout-tabPanel' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.PanelLayout","preserveContent":false,"expanded":false}'><div role='tablist' aria-multiselectable='false' tabindex='0' id='ooui-php-6' class='oo-ui-selectWidget oo-ui-selectWidget-unpressed oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-tabSelectWidget oo-ui-tabSelectWidget-frameless' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.TabSelectWidget","framed":false,"items":[{"tag":"ooui-php-7"},{"tag":"ooui-php-8"}]}'><div aria-selected='true' role='tab' id='ooui-php-7' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-optionWidget oo-ui-tabOptionWidget oo-ui-optionWidget-selected' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.TabOptionWidget","selected":true,"label":"File information","data":"wikiTextPlusCaptions"}'><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>File information</span></div><div aria-selected='false' role='tab' id='ooui-php-8' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-optionWidget oo-ui-tabOptionWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.TabOptionWidget","label":"Structured data","data":"statements"}'><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Structured data</span></div></div></div></div><div class='oo-ui-menuLayout-content'><div id='ooui-php-3' class='oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-stackLayout oo-ui-indexLayout-stackLayout' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.StackLayout","preserveContent":false,"expanded":false,"items":[{"tag":"ooui-php-4"},{"tag":"ooui-php-5"}]}'><div role='tabpanel' id='ooui-php-4' class='wbmi-tab oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-scrollable oo-ui-tabPanelLayout oo-ui-tabPanelLayout-active' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.TabPanelLayout","name":"wikiTextPlusCaptions","label":"File information","scrollable":true,"expanded":false,"classes":["wbmi-tab"]}'><h2 class="wbmi-captions-header">Captions</h2><div class='wbmi-entityview-captionsPanel oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-framed'><h3 class='wbmi-entityview-captions-header'>Captions</h3><div class='wbmi-entityview-caption oo-ui-layout oo-ui-horizontalLayout'><label class='wbmi-language-label oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-labelElement-label oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-labelWidget'>English</label><div lang='en' dir='ltr' class='wbmi-caption-value wbmi-entityview-emptyCaption'>Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents</div></div></div><div id="mw-imagepage-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hproduct commons-file-information-table"> <table class="fileinfotpl-type-information vevent" dir="ltr"> <tbody><tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_desc" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Description<span class="summary fn" style="display:none">Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png</span></td> <td class="description"> First page of Benjamin Franklin's anonymous letter to the editors of the <i>Journal de Paris</i>, <a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">April 26</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1784&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1784 (page does not exist)">1784</a>. The letter is a satire proposing various methods to awaken Parisians early in the morning in order to save money on candles, and presages the idea of daylight saving time. The letter is untitled and appears in the "Économie" section of the journal. The original letter was in English but this, its first publication, is a French translation.</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_date" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Date</td> <td lang="en"> <time class="dtstart" datetime="1784-04-26" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap">26 April 1784</time></td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_src" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Source</td> <td> Cropped, transformed, and otherwise cleaned up from a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/arch/test/nancy_franklin/B-43.jpg">photograph</a> of the original journal issue (L 8.5" × H 7" × W .25"). The photograph was taken for the exhibition "Images of Benjamin Franklin: As Seen by Himself and Others", Mamdouha S. Bobst Gallery, Bobst Library, New York University, 2006. The journal was exhibit B-43 in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/arch/test/nancy_franklin/">gallery</a>. According to the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyu.edu/public.affairs/releases/detail/867">event release</a>, the journal was in the collection of Stuart Karu.</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_aut" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Author</td> <td> Benjamin Franklin</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_perm" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Permission<br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia" title="Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia">Reusing this file</a>)</small></td> <td> public domain</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_ver" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Other versions</td> <td> <a href="/wiki/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.jpg" title="File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.jpg">Image:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.jpg</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Licensing">Licensing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Licensing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="licensetpl" style="display:none"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="licensetpl_short">Public domain</span><span class="licensetpl_long">Public domain</span><span class="licensetpl_link_req">false</span><span class="licensetpl_attr_req">false</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width: 100%; clear: both; margin: 0.5em auto; background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f7f8ff); color: var(--color-base, #202122); border: var(--border-subtle, 2px solid #8888aa); border-spacing: 8px; padding: 0px;" dir="ltr" class="layouttemplate" lang="en"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Public domain"><img alt="Public domain" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/64px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/96px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/128px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> </td> <td> <p>This work is in the <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/public_domain" class="extiw" title="en:public domain">public domain</a></b> in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries%27_copyright_lengths" class="extiw" title="w:List of countries&#39; copyright lengths">copyright term</a> is the author's <b>life plus 100 years or fewer</b>. </p> <hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dialog-warning.svg/25px-Dialog-warning.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dialog-warning.svg/38px-Dialog-warning.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dialog-warning.svg/50px-Dialog-warning.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <small>You must also include a <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_tags/Country-specific_tags#United_States_of_America" title="Commons:Copyright tags/Country-specific tags">United States public domain tag</a> to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.<div class="navigation-not-searchable"></div></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:x-small;line-height:140%;"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/deed.en" class="extiw" title="ccorg:publicdomain/mark/1.0/deed.en">This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="licensetpl_link" style="display:none;">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</span><span class="licensetpl_short" style="display:none;">PDM</span><span class="licensetpl_long" style="display:none;">Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0</span><span class="licensetpl_link_req" style="display:none;">false</span><span class="licensetpl_attr_req" style="display:none;">false</span></p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐6fdd9f9b88‐76hfp Cached time: 20241130143407 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.055 seconds Real time usage: 0.094 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 319/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10827/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 130/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.017/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 967978/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 77.101 1 -total 64.40% 49.655 1 Template:Information 35.27% 27.190 1 Template:PD-old-100 16.07% 12.392 1 Template:PD-old-text 9.55% 7.363 3 Template:SDC-PD-old 9.11% 7.021 1 Template:PD-old-warning-text 7.47% 5.759 3 Template:SDC_statement_exist 7.02% 5.414 2 Template:LangSwitch 3.68% 2.838 1 Template:PD-Layout 2.23% 1.723 1 Template:Cc-pd-mark-footer --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key commonswiki:pcache:idhash:1955241-0!wb=3!wbMobile=0 and timestamp 20241130143407 and revision id 867350066. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div></div><h2 id="filehistory">File history</h2> <div id="mw-imagepage-section-filehistory"> <p>Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. </p> <table class="wikitable filehistory"> <tr><th></th><th>Date/Time</th><th>Thumbnail</th><th>Dimensions</th><th>User</th><th>Comment</th></tr> <tr><td>current</td><td class="filehistory-selected" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png">21:53, 15 April 2007</a></td><td><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"><img alt="Thumbnail for version as of 21:53, 15 April 2007" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png/83px-Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png?20070415215334" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="83" height="120" data-file-width="1354" data-file-height="1950" /></a></td><td>1,354 × 1,950 <span style="white-space: nowrap;">(3.26 MB)</span></td><td><a href="/wiki/User:Eubulides" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Eubulides"><bdi>Eubulides</bdi></a><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Eubulides" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Eubulides">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Eubulides" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Eubulides">contribs</a>)</span></span></td><td dir="ltr">== Summary == {{Information |Description=First page of Benjamin Franklin&#039;s anonymous letter to the editors of the &#039;&#039;Journal de Paris&#039;&#039;, <a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">April 26</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1784&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1784 (page does not exist)">1784</a>. The letter is a satire proposing various methods to awaken Parisians early in the morning in ord</td></tr> </table> </div> <div class="mw-imagepage-upload-links"><p id="mw-imagepage-upload-disallowed">You cannot overwrite this file.</p></div><h2 id="filelinks">File usage on Commons</h2> <div id='mw-imagepage-section-linkstoimage'> <p>The following page uses this file: </p><ul class="mw-imagepage-linkstoimage"> <li class="mw-imagepage-linkstoimage-ns0"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a></li> </ul> </div> <h2 id="globalusage">File usage on other wikis</h2> <div id="mw-imagepage-section-globalusage"><p>The following other wikis use this file: </p><ul> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-en_wikipedia_org'>Usage on en.wikipedia.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagatelles_and_Satires">Bagatelles and Satires</a></li> </ul></li> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-fr_wikipedia_org'>Usage on fr.wikipedia.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Le_Bistro/28_octobre_2018">Wikipédia:Le Bistro/28 octobre 2018</a></li> </ul></li> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-ru_wikipedia_org'>Usage on ru.wikipedia.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8">Журналь де Пари</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript></div><div role='tabpanel' aria-hidden='true' id='ooui-php-5' class='wbmi-tab oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-scrollable oo-ui-tabPanelLayout oo-ui-element-hidden' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.TabPanelLayout","name":"statements","label":"Structured data","scrollable":true,"expanded":false,"classes":["wbmi-tab"]}'><h2 class="wbmi-structured-data-header">Structured data</h2><div id='P180' data-property='P180' data-statements='[]' data-formatvalue='[]' class='wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup-P180 oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-framed'><div class='wbmi-statements-widget'><div class='wbmi-statement-header'><div class='wbmi-entity-data'><div class='wbmi-entity-title'><h3 class='wbmi-statements-title'>Items portrayed in this file</h3><h4 class='wbmi-entity-label'><bdi><a target="_blank" title="d:Special:EntityPage/P180" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/P180">depicts</a></bdi></h4></div></div></div><div class='wbmi-content-items-group'></div></div></div><div id='P571' data-property='P571' data-statements='[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P571","hash":"6c50828994f37fffa61adede466a97ee39692013","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1784-04-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1985727"},"type":"time"}},"type":"statement","id":"M1955241$3163A437-599D-4C83-A51D-27456C97D3AB","rank":"normal"}]' data-formatvalue='{"{\"value\":{\"entity-type\":\"property\",\"numeric-id\":571,\"id\":\"P571\"},\"type\":\"wikibase-entityid\"}":{"text\/html":{"en":{"":"&lt;a target=\"_blank\" title=\"d:Special:EntityPage\/P571\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/P571\"&gt;inception&lt;\/a&gt;"}},"text\/plain":{"en":{"":"inception"}}},"{\"value\":{\"time\":\"+1784-04-26T00:00:00Z\",\"timezone\":0,\"before\":0,\"after\":0,\"precision\":11,\"calendarmodel\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.wikidata.org\\\/entity\\\/Q1985727\"},\"type\":\"time\"}":{"text\/html":{"en":{"P571":"26 April 1784&lt;sup class=\"wb-calendar-name\"&gt;Gregorian&lt;\/sup&gt;"}},"text\/plain":{"en":{"P571":"26 April 1784"}}}}' class='wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup-P571 oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-framed'><div class='wbmi-statements-widget'><div class='wbmi-statement-header'><div class='wbmi-entity-data'><div class='wbmi-entity-title'><h4 class='wbmi-entity-label'><bdi><a target="_blank" title="d:Special:EntityPage/P571" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/P571">inception</a></bdi></h4></div></div></div><div class='wbmi-content-items-group'><div class='wbmi-item wbmi-item-read'><div data-guid='M1955241$3163A437-599D-4C83-A51D-27456C97D3AB' class='wbmi-item-container'><div class='wbmi-entity-header'><div class='wbmi-entity-data'><div class='wbmi-entity-title'><h4 class='wbmi-entity-label'><bdi>26 April 1784<sup class="wb-calendar-name">Gregorian</sup></bdi></h4></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;oldid=867350066">https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;oldid=867350066</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writings_of_Benjamin_Franklin" title="Category:Writings of Benjamin Franklin">Writings of Benjamin Franklin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Daylight_saving_time" title="Category:Daylight saving time">Daylight saving time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Journal_de_Paris" title="Category:Journal de Paris">Journal de Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Letters_to_the_editor" title="Category:Letters to the editor">Letters to the editor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1784-04-16" title="Category:1784-04-16">1784-04-16</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Time_in_France" title="Category:Time in France">Time in France</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-user-shown">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:PD-old_missing_SDC_copyright_status" title="Category:PD-old missing SDC copyright status">PD-old missing SDC copyright status</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CC-PD-Mark" title="Category:CC-PD-Mark">CC-PD-Mark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Author_died_more_than_100_years_ago_public_domain_images" title="Category:Author died more than 100 years ago public domain images">Author died more than 100 years ago public domain images</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-uls" class="mw-list-item active"><a class="uls-trigger" href="#"><span>English</span></a></li><li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="The user page for the IP address you are editing as">Not logged in</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=File%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=File%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Namespaces</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-image" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" title="View the file page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>File</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File_talk:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Views</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"><span>View</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>History</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">More</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box"> <h3 >Search</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikimedia Commons" aria-label="Search Wikimedia Commons" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikimedia Commons [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:MediaSearch"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Search the pages for this text" value="Search"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" value="Go"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Navigate</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-welcome" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Welcome"><span>Welcome</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump"><span>Village pump</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Help center</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-participate" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-participate vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-participate-label" > <h3 id="p-participate-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Participate</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-uploadbtn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:UploadWizard"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-latestfiles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:NewFiles"><span>Latest files</span></a></li><li id="n-randomimage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random/File" title="Load a random file [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random file</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;oldid=867350066" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-wb-concept-uri" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/entity/M1955241" title="URI that identifies the concept described by this Item"><span>Concept URI</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&amp;page=File%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;id=867350066&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" > <h3 id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=File%3AFranklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 April 2024, at 03:33.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 License</a>; all unstructured text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Welcome">About Wikimedia Commons</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Commons:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/commons.wikimedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//commons.m.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("This page is using the deprecated ResourceLoader module \"codex-search-styles\".\n[1.43] Use a CodexModule with codexComponents to set your specific components used: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Codex#Using_a_limited_subset_of_components");mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-wt7n6","wgBackendResponseTime":182,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.001","walltime":"0.001","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":1,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-wt7n6","timestamp":"20241130154654","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"ImageObject","contentUrl":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6f\/Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png","license":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Public_domain","acquireLicensePage":"\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Franklin-Benjamin-Journal-de-Paris-1784.png","uploadDate":"2007-04-15 21:53:34"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10