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<li id="toc-Emergence_of_the_modern_soup_kitchen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergence_of_the_modern_soup_kitchen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Emergence of the modern soup kitchen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergence_of_the_modern_soup_kitchen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spread_to_the_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spread_to_the_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Spread to the United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spread_to_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>In the 21st century</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_the_21st_century-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In the 21st century subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_the_21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iranian_harem_Imam_Kitchen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iranian_harem_Imam_Kitchen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Iranian harem Imam Kitchen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iranian_harem_Imam_Kitchen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sikh_temple_soup_kitchens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sikh_temple_soup_kitchens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Sikh temple soup kitchens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sikh_temple_soup_kitchens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_with_front_line_food_banks_and_pantries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_with_front_line_food_banks_and_pantries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Comparison with front line food banks and pantries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_with_front_line_food_banks_and_pantries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soup kitchen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="مطعم الفقراء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مطعم الفقراء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsuz_yem%C9%99kxana" title="Pulsuz yeməkxana – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pulsuz yeməkxana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Безплатна трапезария – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Безплатна трапезария" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menjador_social" title="Menjador social – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Menjador social" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkek%C3%B8kken" title="Folkekøkken – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Folkekøkken" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suppenk%C3%BCche" title="Suppenküche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Suppenküche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedor_social" title="Comedor social – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comedor social" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supokuirejo" title="Supokuirejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Supokuirejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="نوانخانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوانخانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soupe_populaire" title="Soupe populaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soupe populaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%94%84_%ED%82%A4%EC%B9%9C" title="수프 키친 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수프 키친" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dapur_sup" title="Dapur sup – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dapur sup" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BApueldh%C3%BAs" title="Súpueldhús – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súpueldhús" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensa_dei_poveri" title="Mensa dei poveri – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mensa dei poveri" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%99" title="בית תמחוי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית תמחוי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Народна кујна – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Народна кујна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaarkeuken_(eetgelegenheid)" title="Gaarkeuken (eetgelegenheid) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gaarkeuken (eetgelegenheid)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%8A%E3%81%8D%E5%87%BA%E3%81%97" title="炊き出し – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="炊き出し" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkekj%C3%B8kken" title="Folkekjøkken – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Folkekjøkken" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaurante_popular" title="Restaurante popular – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Restaurante popular" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Бесплатная столовая – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бесплатная столовая" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qend%C3%ABr_vakti" title="Qendër vakti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Qendër vakti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Soup kitchen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansankeitti%C3%B6" title="Kansankeittiö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kansankeittiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soppk%C3%B6k" title="Soppkök – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Soppkök" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அன்னதானம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அன்னதானம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%9Fevi" title="Aşevi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aşevi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Супова кухня – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Супова кухня" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%88%E5%96%84%E5%BB%9A%E6%88%BF" title="慈善廚房 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="慈善廚房" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2142654#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place where food is available at no cost as charity</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the former restaurant, see <a href="/wiki/Soup_Kitchen_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Soup Kitchen International">Soup Kitchen International</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg/290px-MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg/435px-MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg/580px-MontrealSoupKitchen1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A soup kitchen, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, Quebec, Canada, 1931</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>soup kitchen</b>, <b>food kitchen</b>, or <b>meal center</b> is a place where <a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">food</a> is offered to the <a href="/wiki/Hunger" title="Hunger">hungry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless">homeless</a>, usually for no <a href="/wiki/Price" title="Price">cost</a>, or sometimes at a below-market price (such as coin <a href="/wiki/Donation" title="Donation">donations</a>). Frequently located in <a href="/wiki/Low_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Low income">lower-income</a> neighborhoods, soup kitchens are often staffed by <a href="/wiki/Volunteering" title="Volunteering">volunteer</a> organizations, such as <a href="/wiki/Church_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Church body">church</a> or community groups. Soup kitchens sometimes obtain food from a <a href="/wiki/Food_bank" title="Food bank">food bank</a> for free or at a low price, because they are considered a <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">charity</a>, which makes it easier for them to feed the many people who require their services. </p><p>Historically, the majority of soup kitchens served mostly <a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">soup</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Stew" title="Stew">stew</a>), usually with some kind of <a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">bread</a>. Modern establishments which refer to themselves as "soup kitchens" frequently serve a wider variety of foods, so social scientists sometimes discuss them together with similar hunger relief agencies that provide more varied hot meals, such as <b>community kitchens</b> and meal centers. </p><p>While societies have been using various methods to share food with the hungry for millennia, the first soup kitchens in the modern sense may have emerged in the late 18th century. By the late 19th century, they were located in several American and European cities. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and elsewhere, they became more prominent in the 20th century, especially during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. With the much-improved economic conditions that immediately followed <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, soup kitchens became less common in countries with advanced economies. </p><p>In the 21st century, the use of soup kitchens has increased in both the United States and Europe, following <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%9308_world_food_price_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–08 world food price crisis">lasting global increases in the price of food</a> which began in late 2006. Demand for their services grew as the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2020s_in_economic_history" title="2020s in economic history">economic and inflation crisis of the 2020s</a> began to worsen economic conditions for those with lower incomes. In much of the UK and Europe, demand further increased after the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Austerity" title="Austerity">austerity</a>-based economic policies from 2010. According to Emma Middleton, a poverty caseworker in the UK, in 2017 the situation and need for emergency food aid in the UK had changed significantly over the previous 15 years, as the cost of living increased and the existing safety nets had disappeared, adding that "In the first few years [of this work], food poverty was not an issue. The soup kitchens and churches could deal with it, and it was mainly homelessness. You never saw families like that. What we see now is a constant stream of food poverty."<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest occurrences of soup kitchens are difficult to identify. Throughout history, societies have invariably recognized a <a href="/wiki/Moral_obligation" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral obligation">moral obligation</a> to feed the hungry. The philosopher <a href="/wiki/Simone_Weil" title="Simone Weil">Simone Weil</a> wrote that feeding the hungry when one has resources to do so is the most obvious obligation of all. She also said that as far back as <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a>, it was believed that people needed to show they had helped the hungry in order to justify themselves in the afterlife.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soup has long been one of the most economical and simple ways to supply nutritious food to large numbers of people.<sup id="cite_ref-allAboutSoup_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allAboutSoup-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-always_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-always-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Christian church had been providing food to the hungry since <a href="/wiki/St_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="St Paul">St Paul</a>'s day, and since at least the early Middle Ages such nourishment was sometimes provided in the form of soup.<sup id="cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allAboutSoup2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the 14th to the 19th centuries, Islamic soup kitchens, called <a href="/wiki/Imaret" title="Imaret">Imarets</a>, were built throughout the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. Soup and bread were often the main food served, though sometimes also <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, meat, fruit and sweet puddings.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Social historian <a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Karl Polanyi</a> wrote that before markets became the world's dominant form of economic organisation in the 19th century, most human societies would generally either starve all together or not at all; because communities would naturally share their food. As markets began to replace the older forms of resource allocation such as <a href="/wiki/Redistribution_(cultural_anthropology)" title="Redistribution (cultural anthropology)">redistribution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reciprocity_(cultural_anthropology)" title="Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)">reciprocity</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Autarky" title="Autarky">autarky</a>, society's overall level of <a href="/wiki/Food_security" title="Food security">food security</a> would typically rise. But food insecurity could become worse for the poorest section of society, and the need arose for more formal methods for providing them with food.<sup id="cite_ref-GreatTransformation_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreatTransformation-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergence_of_the_modern_soup_kitchen">Emergence of the modern soup kitchen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Emergence of the modern soup kitchen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Count_Rumford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Count_Rumford.jpg/150px-Count_Rumford.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Count_Rumford.jpg/225px-Count_Rumford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Count_Rumford.jpg/300px-Count_Rumford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1836" data-file-height="2183" /></a><figcaption>Count Rumford, painted by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gainsborough" title="Thomas Gainsborough">Thomas Gainsborough</a>, 1783</figcaption></figure><p>The earliest modern soup kitchens were established by the inventor <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Thompson" title="Benjamin Thompson">Sir Benjamin Thompson</a>, who was employed as an <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aide-de-camp</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Theodore,_Elector_of_Bavaria" title="Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria">Elector of Bavaria</a> in the 1790s. Thompson was an American loyalist refugee from New England and an inventor who was ennobled by Bavaria as Count Rumford. The Count was a prominent advocate of hunger relief, writing pamphlets that were widely read across Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allAboutSoup2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CountRumford_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CountRumford-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Count Rumford's message was especially well received in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, where he had previously held a senior government position for several years and was known as "the Colonel". An urgent need had recently arisen in Britain for hunger relief, due to her leading role in driving the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>. While technological development and economic reforms were rapidly increasingly overall prosperity, conditions for the poorest were often made worse, as traditional ways of life were disrupted. In the closing years of the 18th century, soup kitchens run on the principles pioneered by Rumford were to be found throughout England, Wales, and Scotland, with about 60,000 people being fed by them daily in London alone.<sup id="cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allAboutSoup2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CountRumford_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CountRumford-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While soup kitchens were initially well regarded, they attracted criticism from some, for encouraging dependency, and sometimes on a local level for attracting vagrants to an area. In Britain, they were made illegal, along with other forms of aid apart from workhouses, by the <a href="/wiki/Poor_Law_Amendment_Act_1834" title="Poor Law Amendment Act 1834">Poor Law Amendment Act 1834</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Irish famine</a> of the 19th century, in which one million people may have died, the British government passed the <a href="/wiki/Temporary_Relief_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporary Relief Act">Temporary Relief Act</a> (also known as the Soup Kitchen Act) in February 1847. The Act amended the restrictions on the provision of aid outside the workhouses for the duration of the famine and expressly allowed the establishment of soup kitchens in Ireland to relieve pressure from the overstretched <a href="/wiki/Irish_Poor_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Poor Laws">Poor Law</a> system, which was proving to be totally inadequate in coping with the disaster.<sup id="cite_ref-Poverty2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poverty2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prohibition against soup kitchens was soon relaxed on mainland Britain too, though they never again became as prevalent as they had been in the early 19th century, partly as from the 1850s onwards, economic conditions generally began to improve even for the poorest. For the first few decades after the return of soup kitchens to mainland Britain, they were at first heavily regulated, run by groups like the <a href="/wiki/Charity_Organization_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Charity Organization Society">Charity Organization Society</a>. Even in the early 20th century, campaigning journalists like <a href="/wiki/Bart_Kennedy" title="Bart Kennedy">Bart Kennedy</a> would criticize them for their long queues, and for the degrading questions staff would ask the hungry before giving out any soup.<sup id="cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allAboutSoup2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spread_to_the_United_States">Spread to the United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Spread to the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone,_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg/250px-Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg/375px-Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg/500px-Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone%2C_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2939" data-file-height="2392" /></a><figcaption>Unemployed men outside a soup kitchen opened by <a href="/wiki/Al_Capone" title="Al Capone">Al Capone</a> in Depression-era <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, the US, 1931</figcaption></figure> <p>The concept of soup kitchens spread to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> from Ireland after the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine</a> and the concomitant wave of Irish emigration to the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Poverty2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poverty2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest ones were established in the 1870s. A sharp rise in the number of hungry people resulting from an industrial recession coincided with the success of the <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Improving_the_Condition_of_the_Poor" title="Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor">AICP</a>, and the American branch of the <i>Charity Organization Society</i>, in getting various forms of "outdoor relief"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> banned. This resulted in civil society establishing soup kitchens, to help feed those of the poor who did not wish to subject themselves to the regimented organisation of the <a href="/wiki/Almshouses" class="mw-redirect" title="Almshouses">Almshouses</a> favored by the charitable societies.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg/150px-Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg/225px-Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg/300px-Ollas_comunes_en_1932.jpg 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="696" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chilean_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean people">Chilean women</a> preparing soup kitchen meals in 1932</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg/220px-Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg/330px-Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg/440px-Queue_outside_a_soup_kitchen_at_Klostertorv_in_%C3%85lborg_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>Soup kitchen queue in <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark_in_World_War_II" title="Denmark in World War II">Occupied Denmark</a>, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>It is believed the term "breadline" entered the popular lexicon in the 1880s. It was during those years that a noteworthy bakery in New York City's Greenwich Village, "Fleischmann Model Viennese Bakery," instituted a policy of distributing unsold baked goods to the poor at the end of their business day.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the late 19th century soup kitchens were to be found in several US cities.<sup id="cite_ref-CountRumford_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CountRumford-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HungerModHist_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HungerModHist-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concept of soup kitchens hit the mainstream of United States consciousness during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. One soup kitchen in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> was sponsored by American mobster <a href="/wiki/Al_Capone" title="Al Capone">Al Capone</a> in an apparent effort to clean up his image.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the improved economic conditions that followed the Second World War, there was less need for soup kitchens in advanced economies.<sup id="cite_ref-sweet_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweet-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, with the scaling back of welfare provision in the 1980s under <a href="/wiki/President_Ronald_Reagan" class="mw-redirect" title="President Ronald Reagan">President Ronald Reagan</a>'s administration, there was a rapid rise in activity from grass roots hunger relief agencies such as soup kitchens. According to a comprehensive government survey completed in 2002, over 90% of food banks, about 80% of emergency kitchens, and all known food rescue organisations, were established in the US after Reagan took office in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-sweet_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweet-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walter_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walter-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Presently, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charities_USA" title="Catholic Charities USA">Catholic Charities USA</a> of <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a>, founded by <a href="/wiki/Sisters_of_Loretto" title="Sisters of Loretto">The Sisters of Loretto</a>, provides food to 600–700 persons or more per day, and has been doing so since 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_21st_century">In the 21st century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In the 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Use of soup kitchens has grown rapidly across the world, following the lasting global inflation in the cost of food that began in late 2006. The <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">financial crisis of 2007–2008</a> further increased the demand for soup kitchens, as did the introduction of austerity policies that have become common in Europe since 2010. Modern soup kitchens are generally well regarded, though like their historical counterparts they are sometimes disliked by local residents for lowering the tone of a neighborhood.<sup id="cite_ref-walter_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walter-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iranian_harem_Imam_Kitchen">Iranian harem Imam Kitchen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Iranian harem Imam Kitchen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "harem kitchens" that feed 10 thousand to 40 thousand daily average and partly through food product of <a href="/wiki/Astan_Quds" class="mw-redirect" title="Astan Quds">Astan Quds</a>. During Ramadan it dines one million pilgrim and citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sikh_temple_soup_kitchens">Sikh temple soup kitchens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sikh temple soup kitchens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every Sikh <a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a> has a religiously sanctioned moral and humanitarian <a href="/wiki/Selfless_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Selfless service">obligation to serve</a> and provide hospitality, provisions, nourishments and meals to any person, regardless of race, creed, gender, <a href="/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">caste</a>, religious profession, identification, or affiliation. At the <a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sikhism)" title="Langar (Sikhism)">Langar</a> (the Gurdwara's community run free kitchen), food is served to all visitors regardless of faith, religion, or background. Only <a href="/wiki/Lacto-vegetarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacto-vegetarian">lacto-vegetarian</a> food is served and people eat together as equals. The institution of the <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> langar was started by the first Sikh Guru, <a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a>. It was designed to uphold the principle of equality between all people regardless of religion, caste, colour, creed, age, gender, or social status. In addition to the ideals of equality, the tradition of langar expresses the ethics of sharing, community, inclusiveness, and oneness of humankind. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg/220px-Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg/330px-Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg/440px-Goldener_Tempel_Amritsar_2022-11-21_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="1744" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Harmandir_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmandir Sahib">Harmandir Sahib</a> at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The world's largest and longest running soup kitchen is run at the <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhs</a>' holiest shrine, <a href="/wiki/Harmandir_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmandir Sahib">Harmandir Sahib</a> in <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>, India, which in 2013 was serving free food for up to 300,000 people every day.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was started in circa 1481 AD by Guru Nanak and has continued ever since, except for two brief breaks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparison_with_front_line_food_banks_and_pantries">Comparison with front line food banks and pantries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Comparison with front line food banks and pantries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_090806-N-6220J-004_Sailors_and_Navy_Delayed_Entry_Program_members_serve_breakfast_to_homeless_men_and_women_at_Dorothy%27s_Soup_Kitchen_in_Salinas,_Calif._during_Salinas_Navy_Week_community_service_event.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/US_Navy_090806-N-6220J-004_Sailors_and_Navy_Delayed_Entry_Program_members_serve_breakfast_to_homeless_men_and_women_at_Dorothy%27s_Soup_Kitchen_in_Salinas%2C_Calif._during_Salinas_Navy_Week_community_service_event.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/US_Navy_090806-N-6220J-004_Sailors_and_Navy_Delayed_Entry_Program_members_serve_breakfast_to_homeless_men_and_women_at_Dorothy%27s_Soup_Kitchen_in_Salinas%2C_Calif._during_Salinas_Navy_Week_community_service_event.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/US_Navy_090806-N-6220J-004_Sailors_and_Navy_Delayed_Entry_Program_members_serve_breakfast_to_homeless_men_and_women_at_Dorothy%27s_Soup_Kitchen_in_Salinas%2C_Calif._during_Salinas_Navy_Week_community_service_event.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3830" data-file-height="2687" /></a><figcaption>Members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> serve the homeless at Dorothy's Soup Kitchen, <a href="/wiki/Salinas,_California" title="Salinas, California">Salinas, California</a>, in 2009.</figcaption></figure> <p>In some countries such as the United Kingdom, increased demand from hungry people has largely been met by <a href="/wiki/Food_bank" title="Food bank">food banks</a>, operating on the "front line" model, where they give food out directly to the hungry. In the US, such establishments are called "food pantries"; Americans generally reserve the term "food bank" for entities which perform a warehouse-like function, distributing food to front line agencies, but not directly to the hungry themselves. Instead of providing hot meals, front line food banks and pantries hand out packages of groceries so that recipients can cook themselves several meals at home. This is often more convenient for the end user. They can receive food for up to a dozen or so meals at once, whereas with a soup kitchen, they typically only receive a single meal with each visit.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Poverty2_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poverty2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walter_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walter-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Food banks typically have procedures needed to prevent unscrupulous people taking advantage of them, unlike soup kitchens which will usually give a meal to whoever turns up with no questions asked. The soup kitchen's greater accessibility can make it more suitable for assisting people with long-term dependence on food aid. Soup kitchens can also provide warmth, companionship, and the shared communal experience of dining with others, which can be especially valued by people such as disabled, pensioners, widowers, homeless and ex-homeless. In some countries such as Greece, soup kitchens have become the most widely used form of food aid, with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> reporting in 2012, that an estimated 400,000 Greeks were visiting a soup kitchen each day.<sup id="cite_ref-Poverty2_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poverty2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walter_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walter-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curry_Without_Worry" title="Curry Without Worry">Curry Without Worry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_Not_Bombs" title="Food Not Bombs">Food Not Bombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sufism)" title="Langar (Sufism)">Langar (Sufism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbia" title="Masbia">Masbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_food" title="Right to food">Right to food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumford%27s_Soup" title="Rumford's Soup">Rumford's Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souperism" title="Souperism">Souperism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volxkuche" title="Volxkuche">Volxkuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_ministry" title="Homeless ministry">Homeless ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mole_people" title="Mole people">Mole people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Welfare_Rights_Organization" title="National Welfare Rights Organization">National Welfare Rights Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathways_out_of_Poverty" title="Pathways out of Poverty">Pathways out of Poverty</a> (POP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Susso" title="The Susso">The Susso</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note that criticism of soup kitchens was only a minor driver of the 1834 law - the move was driven more by free market ideology and discontent with other forms of "outdoor" aid like the much more widely disliked Speemhanland system, see <a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hunger in the United Kingdom">Hunger in the United Kingdom</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the main, this meant ending the practice where municipal officials would give out small sums of cash to the poor. Unlike in Britain a few decades earlier, the US did not pass nationwide laws restricting private individuals from giving food to the hungry.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Although some soup kitchens also like to give visitors a second "carry out" meal.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nothing Left in the Cupboards "Austerity, Welfare Cuts, and the Right to Food in the UK", Human Rights Watch, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/05/20/nothing-left-cupboards/austerity-welfare-cuts-and-right-food-uk">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSimone_Weil2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Simone_Weil" title="Simone Weil">Simone Weil</a> (2002) [1942]. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Need_for_Roots" title="The Need for Roots">The Need for Roots</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-27102-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-27102-9"><bdi>0-415-27102-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Need+for+Roots&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-415-27102-9&rft.au=Simone+Weil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allAboutSoup-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-allAboutSoup_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictoria_R._Rumble2009" class="citation book cs1">Victoria R. Rumble (2009). "Chpt 29, <i>Soup Kitchens</i>". <i>Soup Through the Ages</i>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786439614" title="Special:BookSources/9780786439614"><bdi>9780786439614</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chpt+29%2C+Soup+Kitchens&rft.btitle=Soup+Through+the+Ages&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780786439614&rft.au=Victoria+R.+Rumble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-always-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-always_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPat_Thane2011" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Thane" title="Pat Thane">Pat Thane</a> (30 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyworkshop.org.uk/there-has-always-been-a-big-society/soup-kitchen/">"There Has Always Been a 'Big Society'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. historyworkshop.org.u<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=There+Has+Always+Been+a+%27Big+Society%27&rft.pub=historyworkshop.org.u&rft.date=2011-04-30&rft.au=Pat+Thane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyworkshop.org.uk%2Fthere-has-always-been-a-big-society%2Fsoup-kitchen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allAboutSoup2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allAboutSoup2_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictoria_R._Rumble2009" class="citation book cs1">Victoria R. Rumble (2009). "Chpt 29, <i>Soup Kitchens</i>". <i>Soup Through the Ages</i>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786439614" title="Special:BookSources/9780786439614"><bdi>9780786439614</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chpt+29%2C+Soup+Kitchens&rft.btitle=Soup+Through+the+Ages&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780786439614&rft.au=Victoria+R.+Rumble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmy_Singer_(historian)2005" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Amy_Singer_(historian)" title="Amy Singer (historian)">Amy Singer (historian)</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F0022195052564252">"Serving Up Charity: The Ottoman Public Kitchen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Interdisciplinary_History" title="Journal of Interdisciplinary History">Journal of Interdisciplinary History</a></i>. <b>35</b> (3): 481–500. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F0022195052564252">10.1162/0022195052564252</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145715799">145715799</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interdisciplinary+History&rft.atitle=Serving+Up+Charity%3A+The+Ottoman+Public+Kitchen&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=481-500&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2F0022195052564252&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145715799%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Amy+Singer+%28historian%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1162%252F0022195052564252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GreatTransformation-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GreatTransformation_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Polanyi2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Karl Polanyi</a> (2002) [1942]. "chpt. 1-5". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Transformation_(book)" title="The Great Transformation (book)">The Great Transformation</a></i>. Beacon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-5643-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-5643-1"><bdi>978-0-8070-5643-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=chpt.+1-5&rft.btitle=The+Great+Transformation&rft.pub=Beacon+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8070-5643-1&rft.au=Karl+Polanyi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CountRumford-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CountRumford_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CountRumford_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CountRumford_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLisa_Bramen2010" class="citation web cs1">Lisa Bramen (29 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/food/2010/12/count-rumford-and-the-history-of-the-soup-kitchen/">"Count Rumford and the History of the Soup Kitchen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Count+Rumford+and+the+History+of+the+Soup+Kitchen&rft.pub=Smithsonian&rft.date=2010-12-29&rft.au=Lisa+Bramen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.smithsonianmag.com%2Ffood%2F2010%2F12%2Fcount-rumford-and-the-history-of-the-soup-kitchen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Shadow Behind Our Founding Fathers: A traitor, a scientist, a womanizer and an enigma" review of Nicholas Delbanco's <i>The Count of Concord</i> <b>Book World</b> p. 9, 22 June 2008, <i>The Washington Post</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poverty2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poverty2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poverty2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poverty2_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poverty2_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGwendolyn_Mink_and_Alice_O'Connor2004" class="citation book cs1">Gwendolyn Mink and Alice O'Connor (2004). <i>Poverty in the United States</i>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. pp. 321–323. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-597-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-597-4"><bdi>1-57607-597-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Poverty+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=321-323&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-57607-597-4&rft.au=Gwendolyn+Mink+and+Alice+O%27Connor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTodd_DePastino2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Todd_DePastino" title="Todd DePastino">Todd DePastino</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/citizenhobohowce00depa/page/22"><i>Citizen Hobo: How a Century of Homelessness Shaped America</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/citizenhobohowce00depa/page/22">22</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0226143791" title="Special:BookSources/0226143791"><bdi>0226143791</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Citizen+Hobo%3A+How+a+Century+of+Homelessness+Shaped+America&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0226143791&rft.au=Todd+DePastino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcitizenhobohowce00depa%2Fpage%2F22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWetsteon2003" class="citation book cs1">Wetsteon, Ross (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/republicofdreams00wetz"><i>Republic of Dreams: Greenwich Village, the American Bohemia, 1910–1960</i></a>. Simon & Schuster. preface. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-86996-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-86996-9"><bdi>0-684-86996-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Dreams%3A+Greenwich+Village%2C+the+American+Bohemia%2C+1910%E2%80%931960&rft.pages=preface&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-684-86996-9&rft.aulast=Wetsteon&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frepublicofdreams00wetz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HungerModHist-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HungerModHist_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Vernon2007" class="citation book cs1">James Vernon (2007). "Chpts. 1-3". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hungermodernhist00vern_0"><i>Hunger: A Modern History</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674026780" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674026780"><bdi>978-0674026780</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chpts.+1-3&rft.btitle=Hunger%3A+A+Modern+History&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0674026780&rft.au=James+Vernon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhungermodernhist00vern_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ssa.gov/history/acoffee.html">"Soup Kitchens"</a> <i>Social Security Online History Page</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sweet-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sweet_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweet_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanet_Poppendieck1999" class="citation book cs1">Janet Poppendieck (1999). "Introduction, Chpt 1". <i>Sweet Charity?: Emergency Food and the End of Entitlement</i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0140245561" title="Special:BookSources/0140245561"><bdi>0140245561</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction%2C+Chpt+1&rft.btitle=Sweet+Charity%3F%3A+Emergency+Food+and+the+End+of+Entitlement&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0140245561&rft.au=Janet+Poppendieck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walter-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-walter_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walter_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walter_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walter_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Walter2012" class="citation book cs1">Andrew Walter (2012). William A Dando (ed.). <i>Food and Famine in the 21st Century</i>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. pp. 171–181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-730-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-730-7"><bdi>978-1-59884-730-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+and+Famine+in+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=171-181&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-730-7&rft.au=Andrew+Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccharitiescc.org/what-we-do/marian-house/soup-kitchen/">"Marian House Soup Kitchen"</a>. <i>ccharitiescc.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ccharitiescc.org&rft.atitle=Marian+House+Soup+Kitchen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccharitiescc.org%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fmarian-house%2Fsoup-kitchen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaire_Bessette2013" class="citation news cs1">Claire Bessette (14 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theday.com/article/20130214/NWS01/130219808/1019&town=">"Norwich soup kitchen hearing postponed"</a>. TheDay.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Norwich+soup+kitchen+hearing+postponed&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft.au=Claire+Bessette&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theday.com%2Farticle%2F20130214%2FNWS01%2F130219808%2F1019%26town%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNick_Squires2013" class="citation news cs1">Nick Squires (5 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/malta/9850719/Knights-of-Malta-to-open-soup-kitchens-in-Britain.html">"Knights of Malta to open soup kitchens in Britain"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Knights+of+Malta+to+open+soup+kitchens+in+Britain&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft.au=Nick+Squires&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fmalta%2F9850719%2FKnights-of-Malta-to-open-soup-kitchens-in-Britain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isna.ir/amp/1402010903345/">"توزیع بیش از یک میلیون بسته‌ افطاری در حرم رضوی - ایسنا"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B9+%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4+%D8%A7%D8%B2+%DB%8C%DA%A9+%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C+%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%AF%D8%B1+%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85+%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%88%DB%8C+-+%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isna.ir%2Famp%2F1402010903345%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatiantimes.com/news/Around_the_World/2013-04-12/32910/SCOFF_THAT_-_Free_Food_Daily_For_300,000_at_Worlds_largest_Soup_Kitchen">"SCOFF THAT - Free Food Daily For 300,000 at Worlds largest Soup Kitchen"</a>. <i>croationtimes.com</i>. 12 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=croationtimes.com&rft.atitle=SCOFF+THAT+-+Free+Food+Daily+For+300%2C000+at+Worlds+largest+Soup+Kitchen&rft.date=2013-04-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatiantimes.com%2Fnews%2FAround_the_World%2F2013-04-12%2F32910%2FSCOFF_THAT_-_Free_Food_Daily_For_300%2C000_at_Worlds_largest_Soup_Kitchen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Henley2012" class="citation news cs1">John Henley (14 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/blog/2012/mar/14/greece-breadline-leftovers-dinner">"Greece on the breadline: how leftovers became a meal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Greece+on+the+breadline%3A+how+leftovers+became+a+meal&rft.date=2012-03-14&rft.au=John+Henley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fmar%2F14%2Fgreece-breadline-leftovers-dinner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlasser2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Glasser, Irene (2004). "Soup kitchens". In David Levinson (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Homelessness</i>. <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publications">SAGE Publications</a>. pp. 525–7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7619-2751-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7619-2751-4"><bdi>0-7619-2751-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Soup+kitchens&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Homelessness&rft.pages=525-7&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7619-2751-4&rft.aulast=Glasser&rft.aufirst=Irene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoup+kitchen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soup_kitchen&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soup_kitchens" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Soup kitchens">Soup kitchens</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Homelessness and Aging">Aged people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_cafe_refugee" class="mw-redirect" title="Net cafe refugee">Cyber-homeless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_homelessness" title="Family homelessness">Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McRefugee" title="McRefugee">McRefugee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mole_people" title="Mole people">Mole people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_people" title="Street people">Street people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children" title="Street children">Street children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_orphan" title="Social orphan">Social orphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagrancy_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vagrancy (people)">Vagrants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergie" title="Bergie">Bergie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramp" title="Tramp">Tramps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobo" title="Hobo">Hobos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_homelessness" title="Youth homelessness">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-homelessness_legislation" title="Anti-homelessness legislation">Anti-homelessness legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_Bill_of_Rights" title="Homeless Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumvertising" title="Bumvertising">Bumvertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_against_the_homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Discrimination against the homeless">Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_and_mental_health" title="Homelessness and mental health">Mental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_dumping" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless dumping">Patient dumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in popular culture">Popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituality_and_homelessness" title="Spirituality and homelessness">Spirituality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_Vulnerability_Index" title="Homeless Vulnerability Index">Vulnerability Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pet_ownership_among_homeless_people" title="Pet ownership among homeless people">Pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_cleansing" title="Social cleansing">Social cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance" title="Slum clearance">Slum clearance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Responses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygiene_program" title="Hygiene program">Hygiene program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_ministry" title="Homeless ministry">Homeless ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_services" title="Homelessness services">Homelessness services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_homelessness_organizations" title="List of homelessness organizations">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_newspaper" title="Street newspaper">Street newspaper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_street_newspapers" title="List of street newspapers">List</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shelters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_shelter" title="Homeless shelter">Homeless shelter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooling_center" title="Cooling center">Cooling center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop-in_center" title="Drop-in center">Drop-in center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_penny_coffin" title="Four penny coffin">Four penny coffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_sit-up" title="Penny sit-up">Penny sit-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warming_center" title="Warming center">Warming center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_shelter" title="Women's shelter">Women's shelter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_Friendly_Precincts" title="Homeless Friendly Precincts">Homeless Friendly Precincts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Housing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foyer_(housing_model)" title="Foyer (housing model)">Foyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_First" title="Housing First">Housing First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Re-Housing" title="Rapid Re-Housing">Rapid Re-Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_housing" title="Right to housing">Right to housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-room_occupancy" title="Single-room occupancy">Single-room occupancy</a> (SRO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tent_city" title="Tent city">Tent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_housing" title="Transitional housing">Transitional housing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awareness</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_Action_Week" title="Homelessness Action Week">Homelessness Action Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_Persons%27_Week" title="Homeless Persons' Week">Homeless Persons' Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_World_Cup" title="Homeless World Cup">Homeless World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_Shelter_for_the_Homeless" title="International Year of Shelter for the Homeless">International Year of Shelter for the Homeless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_Child_World_Cup" title="Street Child World Cup">Street Child World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_Homelessness_Matters_Day" title="Youth Homelessness Matters Day">Youth Homelessness Matters Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_homeless_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by homeless population">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Algeria" title="Homelessness in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_Ghana" title="Street children in Ghana">Ghanaian children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_South_Africa" title="Homelessness in South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Canada" title="Homelessness in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Vancouver" title="Homelessness in Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_Latin_America" title="Street children in Latin America">Latin American children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_among_LGBTQ_youth_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness among LGBTQ youth in the United States">LGBTQ youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_veterans_in_the_United_States" title="Homeless veterans in the United States">Veterans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeless_women_in_the_United_States" title="Homeless women in the United States">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_California" title="Homelessness in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Colorado" title="Homelessness in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_services_and_homelessness_in_Columbus,_Ohio" title="Social services and homelessness in Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Florida" title="Homelessness in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Minneapolis_park_encampments" title="2020 Minneapolis park encampments">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_New_Mexico" title="Homelessness in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Oregon" title="Homelessness in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Seattle" title="Homelessness in Seattle">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Homelessness in the United States by state">Elsewhere</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_Bangladesh" title="Street children in Bangladesh">Bangladeshi children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_China" title="Homelessness in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_India" title="Homelessness in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_India" title="Street children in India">children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Indonesia" title="Homelessness in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Iraq" title="Homelessness in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Israel" title="Homelessness in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Japan" title="Homelessness in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotjebi" title="Kotjebi">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_the_Philippines" title="Street children in the Philippines">Filipino children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_Thailand" title="Street children in Thailand">Thai children</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_Eastern_Europe" title="Street children in Eastern Europe">Eastern European children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Hungary" title="Homelessness in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Russia" title="Homelessness in Russia">Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Denmark" title="Homelessness in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Finland" title="Homelessness in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ireland" title="Homelessness in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Sweden" title="Homelessness in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Homelessness in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_England" title="Homelessness in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Scotland" title="Homelessness in Scotland">Scotland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Greece" title="Homelessness in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Portugal" title="Homelessness in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Spain" title="Homelessness in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Vatican_City" title="Homelessness in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_France" title="Homelessness in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Germany" title="Homelessness in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_Netherlands" title="Homelessness in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Switzerland" title="Homelessness in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Australia" title="Homelessness in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Homelessness in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_New_Zealand" title="Homelessness in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Homelessness" title="Category:Homelessness">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Meals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meals_navbox" title="Template talk:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Meals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common meals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhur" title="Suhur">Suhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">Breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_breakfast" title="Second breakfast">Second breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevenses" title="Elevenses">Elevenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(work)" title="Break (work)">Coffee break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunch" title="Brunch">Brunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">Lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merienda" title="Merienda">Merienda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinner" title="Dinner">Dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components<br />and <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ritif_and_digestif" title="Apéritif and digestif">Apéritif and digestif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre" title="Hors d'oeuvre">Hors d'oeuvre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amuse-bouche" title="Amuse-bouche">Amuse-bouche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">Entrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_dish" title="Side dish">Side dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremets" class="mw-redirect" title="Entremets">Entremets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">Dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoury_(dish)" title="Savoury (dish)">Savoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_replacement" title="Meal replacement">Meal replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foodservice#Table_service" title="Foodservice">Table service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">Buffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi" title="Conveyor belt sushi">Conveyor belt sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_(food)" title="Dish (food)">Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_food" title="Finger food">Finger food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-course_dinner" title="Full-course dinner">Full-course dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platter_(dinner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platter (dinner)">Platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod%C3%ADzio" title="Rodízio">Rodízio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Service à la française">Service à la française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe" title="Service à la russe">Service à la russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_service" title="Silver service">Silver service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_plates" title="Small plates">Small plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_reservation" title="Table reservation">Table reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_fresco_dining" class="mw-redirect" title="Al fresco dining">Al fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils" title="List of eating utensils">Eating utensils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_presentation" title="Food presentation">Food presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnish_(cooking)" title="Garnish (cooking)">Garnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyotaimori" title="Nyotaimori">Nyotaimori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e" title="Pièce montée">Pièce montée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serving_size" title="Serving size">Serving size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_setting" title="Table setting">Table setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablecloth" title="Tablecloth">Tablecloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableware" title="Tableware">Tableware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dining</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_manners" title="Table manners">Table manners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette" title="Eating utensil etiquette">Eating utensil etiquette</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(honor)" title="Toast (honor)">Toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_staff" title="Waiting staff">Waiting staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anju_(food)" title="Anju (food)">Anju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipasto" title="Antipasto">Antipasto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicchetti" title="Cicchetti">Cicchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">Banchan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_table_d%27h%C3%B4te" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean table d'hôte">Korean table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeja_paisa" title="Bandeja paisa">Bandeja paisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastarkh%C4%81n" title="Dastarkhān">Dastarkhān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">Yum cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fika_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fika (Sweden)">Fika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izakaya" title="Izakaya">Izakaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sakana" title="Sakana">Sakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_and_three" title="Meat and three">Meat and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazuya" title="Okazuya">Okazuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_lunch" title="Plate lunch">Plate lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu_pu_platter" title="Pu pu platter">Pu pu platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_and_three" title="Rice and three">Rice and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijsttafel" title="Rijsttafel">Rijsttafel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhya">Sadhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas" title="Tapas">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakuski" title="Zakuski">Zakuski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline_meal" title="Airline meal">Airline meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convenience_food" title="Convenience food">Convenience food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosirak" title="Dosirak">Dosirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_rations" title="Emergency rations">Emergency rations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_meal" title="Frozen meal">Frozen meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_breakfast" title="Instant breakfast">Instant breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninja_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninja diet">Ninja diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packed_lunch" title="Packed lunch">Packed lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_food" title="Space food">Space food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-out" title="Take-out">Take-out</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menu" title="Menu">Menus</a> and<br />meal deals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte" title="À la carte">À la carte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-plate_special" title="Blue-plate special">Blue-plate special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_meal" title="Combination meal">Combination meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_lunch" title="Free lunch">Free lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_refill" title="Free refill">Free refill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_hour" title="Happy hour">Happy hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_meal" title="Kids' meal">Kids' meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_meal" title="School meal">School meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspended_meal" title="Suspended meal">Suspended meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te" title="Table d'hôte">Table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasting_menu" title="Tasting menu">Tasting menu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Degustation" title="Degustation">Degustation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value_menu" title="Value menu">Value menu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communal_meal" title="Communal meal">Communal meals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">Banquet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_banquet" title="State banquet">State banquet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">Commercium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_in" title="Dining in">Dining in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic" title="Picnic">Picnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potluck" title="Potluck">Potluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seder" class="mw-redirect" title="Seder">Seder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sittning" title="Sittning">Sittning</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supra_(feast)" title="Supra (feast)">Supra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableround" class="mw-redirect" title="Tableround">Tableround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_party" title="Tea party">Tea party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">Food delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_food_ordering" title="Online food ordering">Online food ordering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_restaurant" title="Virtual restaurant">Virtual restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places to eat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_truck" title="Food truck">Food truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess" title="Mess">Mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic_table" title="Picnic table">Picnic table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">Restaurant</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_food" title="Street food">Street food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavern" title="Tavern">Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traiteur_(culinary_profession)" title="Traiteur (culinary profession)">Traiteur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture" title="Coffee culture">Coffee culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookbook" title="Cookbook">Cookbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef" title="Chef">Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_arts" title="Culinary arts">Culinary arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cuisines" title="Outline of cuisines">outline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink" title="Drink">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating" title="Eating">Eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_food_and_beverage_topics" title="Lists of food and beverage topics">Lists of food and beverage topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_preparation" title="Meal preparation">Meal preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">Outline of food preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumeria" title="Salumeria">Salumeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_culture" title="Tea culture">Tea culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Meals" 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