CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>National Institute of General Medical Sciences - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2b975a65-d935-4cd2-9b4f-96f94ca94a63","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences","wgTitle":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","wgCurRevisionId":1240197434,"wgRevisionId":1240197434,"wgArticleId":211655,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Commons category link from Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Coordinates not on Wikidata","National Institutes of Health","Medical research institutes in the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences","wgRelevantArticleId":211655,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":38.99722222222222,"lon":-77.09972222222221},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6973666","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi": ["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1680"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/800px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1120"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/640px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="896"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="National Institute of General Medical Sciences - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences rootpage-National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Past_directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Past directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_advances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_advances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Research advances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_advances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Institute of General Medical Sciences</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 language</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="مؤسسه ملی علوم پزشکی عمومی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مؤسسه ملی علوم پزشکی عمومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6973666#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&oldid=1240197434" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&id=1240197434&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNational_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNational_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6973666" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&params=38_59_50_N_77_5_59_W_region:US-MD"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°59′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°5′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.99722°N 77.09972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.99722; -77.09972</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical research agency of the US Federal Government</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Government_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Government of the United States">Federal Government of the United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executive</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jon_Lorsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jon Lorsch (page does not exist)">Jon Lorsch</a>, Ph.D., Director</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent department</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/">www<wbr />.nigms<wbr />.nih<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>National Institute of General Medical Sciences</b> (<b>NIGMS</b>) supports basic <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</a> that increases understanding of <a href="/wiki/Biological_process" title="Biological process">biological processes</a> and lays the foundation for advances in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. NIGMS-funded scientists investigate how living systems work at a range of levels, from molecules and cells to tissues and organs, in research organisms, humans, and populations. Additionally, to ensure the vitality and continued productivity of the research enterprise, NIGMS provides leadership in training the next generation of scientists, in enhancing the diversity of the scientific workforce, and in developing research capacity throughout the country. </p><p>NIGMS is one of the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health (NIH)</a>, the principal medical research agency of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal Government</a>. NIH is a component of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</a>. </p><p>All NIH Institutes and Centers support basic research that is relevant to the diseases, organ systems, stages of life, or populations within their mission areas. In contrast, NIGMS supports fundamental research that does not focus on those specific areas. NIGMS' research mission is aimed at understanding the principles, mechanisms, and processes that underlie living organisms, often using research models. NIGMS also supports the development of fundamental methods and new technologies to achieve its mission. NIGMS-supported research may utilize specific cells or organ systems if they serve as models for understanding general principles. Research with the overall goal to gain knowledge about a specific organ or organ system or the pathophysiology, treatment, or cure of a specific disease or condition will, in most cases, be more appropriate for another Institute or Center. See the NIH listing of Institutes, Centers, and Offices<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to learn more about their specific missions. </p><p>NIGMS also supports research in specific clinical areas that affect multiple organ systems: anesthesiology and peri-operative pain; sepsis; clinical pharmacology that is common to multiple drugs and treatments; and trauma, burn injury, and wound healing. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head shot of Dr. Jon Lorsch, director of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/150px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/225px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/300px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Jon Lorsch, Ph.D., director of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences</figcaption></figure> <p>NIGMS is organized into the following divisions that support research, research training, and capacity building in a range of scientific fields. </p> <ul><li>Division of Biophysics, Biomedical Technology, and Computational Biosciences<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Division of Genetics and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Division of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biological Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Division for Research Capacity Building<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Division of Training, Workforce Development, and Diversity<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>NIGMS was established in 1962. In Fiscal Year 2017, the institute's budget was $2.6 billion. The vast majority of this money funds <a href="/wiki/Grant_(money)" title="Grant (money)">grants</a> to scientists at universities, medical schools, hospitals, and other research institutions throughout the country. At any given time, NIGMS supports more than 3,000 investigators and 4,000 <a href="/wiki/Research_Grants" class="mw-redirect" title="Research Grants">research grants</a>—around 11 percent of the total number of research grants funded by NIH as a whole. Additionally, NIGMS supports approximately 26 percent of the NRSA trainees who receive assistance from NIH. </p><p>NIGMS produces a number of free science education materials<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on topics such as <a href="/wiki/Cell_biology" title="Cell biology">cell biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">pharmacology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Structural_biology" title="Structural biology">structural biology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Computational_biology" title="Computational biology">computational biology</a>. The institute also produces the magazine <i>Findings</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which showcases diverse scientists who do cutting-edge research and lead interesting lives. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_directors">Past directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Past directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Past Directors 1962–present<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Director </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinton_C._Powell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Clinton_C._Powell.jpg/100px-Clinton_C._Powell.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Clinton_C._Powell.jpg/150px-Clinton_C._Powell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Clinton_C._Powell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td>Clinton C. Powell </td> <td>July 1962 </td> <td>July 1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederick_L._Stone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Frederick_L._Stone.jpg/100px-Frederick_L._Stone.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Frederick_L._Stone.jpg/150px-Frederick_L._Stone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Frederick_L._Stone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td>Frederick L. Stone </td> <td>August 1964 </td> <td>April 1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg/100px-DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg/150px-DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg/200px-DeWitt_Stetten.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="375" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/DeWitt_Stetten_Jr." title="DeWitt Stetten Jr.">DeWitt Stetten Jr.</a> </td> <td>October 1970 </td> <td>August 1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirschstein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kirschstein.jpg/100px-Kirschstein.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kirschstein.jpg/150px-Kirschstein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kirschstein.jpg/200px-Kirschstein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruth_L._Kirschstein" title="Ruth L. Kirschstein">Ruth L. Kirschstein</a> </td> <td>September 1974 </td> <td>July 1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marvin_Cassman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/100px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/150px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/200px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="554" /></a></span> </td> <td>Marvin Cassman (acting) </td> <td>July 1993 </td> <td>August 1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marvin_Cassman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/100px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/150px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Marvin_Cassman.jpg/200px-Marvin_Cassman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="554" /></a></span> </td> <td>Marvin Cassman </td> <td>August 1996 </td> <td>May 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg/100px-Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg/150px-Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="280" /></a></span> </td> <td>Judith H. Greenberg (acting) </td> <td>May 2002 </td> <td>November 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg/100px-Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg/150px-Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg/200px-Jeremy_M_Berg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2240" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_M._Berg" title="Jeremy M. Berg">Jeremy M. Berg</a> </td> <td>November 2003 </td> <td>July 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg/100px-Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg/150px-Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Judith_H._Greenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="280" /></a></span> </td> <td>Judith H. Greenberg (acting) </td> <td>July 2011 </td> <td>July 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/100px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/150px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg/200px-NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jon_R._Lorsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jon R. Lorsch (page does not exist)">Jon R. Lorsch</a> </td> <td>August 2013 </td> <td>Present </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_advances">Research advances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research advances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among the advances that scientists have made with NIGMS support are: </p> <ul><li>Discovering a gene-silencing process called RNA interference,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/RNA_interference" title="RNA interference">RNAi</a>, that is both a powerful research tool and a promising new approach for treating diseases.</li> <li>Revealing how a protein's shape<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> affects its function, which plays a key role in health and disease and also informs the design of new drugs.</li> <li>Increasing survival from burn injury,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in part by improving methods of wound care, nutrition and infection control.</li> <li>Shedding light on the critical functions of carbohydrates,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sugar molecules found on all living cells that are vital to fertilization, inflammation, blood clotting and viral infection.</li> <li>Modeling infectious disease outbreaks<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the impact of interventions through computer simulations to provide valuable information to public health policymakers.</li> <li>Developing new methods to look inside cells<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other living systems. These approaches have advanced what we know about basic life processes in a range of organisms.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/list-nih-institutes-centers-offices">"List of NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices"</a>. <i>National Institutes of Health (NIH)</i>. Apr 14, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Institutes+of+Health+%28NIH%29&rft.atitle=List+of+NIH+Institutes%2C+Centers%2C+and+Offices&rft.date=2015-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nih.gov%2Finstitutes-nih%2Flist-nih-institutes-centers-offices&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/research-areas/areas-of-research/biophysics-biomedical-technology-and-computational-biosciences">"Division of Biophysics, Biomedical Technology, and Computational Biosciences"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Division+of+Biophysics%2C+Biomedical+Technology%2C+and+Computational+Biosciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Fresearch-areas%2Fareas-of-research%2Fbiophysics-biomedical-technology-and-computational-biosciences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/about/overview/Pages/GMCDB.aspx">"Division of Genetics and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Division+of+Genetics+and+Molecular%2C+Cellular%2C+and+Developmental+Biology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Fabout%2Foverview%2FPages%2FGMCDB.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/research-areas/areas-of-research/pharmacology-physiology-and-biological-chemistry">"Division of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biological Chemistry"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Division+of+Pharmacology%2C+Physiology%2C+and+Biological+Chemistry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Fresearch-areas%2Fareas-of-research%2Fpharmacology-physiology-and-biological-chemistry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/research-areas/areas-of-research/research-capacity-building">"Division for Research Capacity Building (DRCB)"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Division+for+Research+Capacity+Building+%28DRCB%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Fresearch-areas%2Fareas-of-research%2Fresearch-capacity-building&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/research-areas/areas-of-research/training-workforce-development-and-diversity">"Division of Training, Workforce Development, and Diversity"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Division+of+Training%2C+Workforce+Development%2C+and+Diversity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Fresearch-areas%2Fareas-of-research%2Ftraining-workforce-development-and-diversity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120512191526/http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/epublications.htm">"NIGMS Electronic Publications - National Institute of General Medical Sciences"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/epublications.htm">the original</a> on 2012-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NIGMS+Electronic+Publications+-+National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublications.nigms.nih.gov%2Fepublications.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090224150300/http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/">"Findings Home - National Institute of General Medical Sciences"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/Findings">the original</a> on 2009-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Findings+Home+-+National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublications.nigms.nih.gov%2FFindings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-almanac/national-institute-general-medical-sciences-nigms">"NIGMS Directors"</a>. <i>www.nih.gov</i>. 9 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nih.gov&rft.atitle=NIGMS+Directors&rft.date=2015-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nih.gov%2Fabout-nih%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fnih-almanac%2Fnational-institute-general-medical-sciences-nigms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150511183016/http://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/Pages/factsheet-rnai.aspx">"RNA Interference Fact Sheet - National Institute of General Medical Sciences"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/pages/factsheet-rnai.aspx">the original</a> on 2015-05-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=RNA+Interference+Fact+Sheet+-+National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Feducation%2Fpages%2Ffactsheet-rnai.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/fact-sheets/Pages/structural-biology.aspx">"Structural Biology"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Structural+Biology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Feducation%2Ffact-sheets%2FPages%2Fstructural-biology.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/fact-sheets/Pages/burns.aspx">"Burns"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Burns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2Feducation%2Ffact-sheets%2FPages%2Fburns.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090131024842/http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/oct04/sweet.html">"Life is Sweet"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/oct04/sweet.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Life+is+Sweet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublications.nigms.nih.gov%2Ffindings%2Foct04%2Fsweet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090323181340/http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Initiatives/MIDAS/Background/Factsheet.htm">"Modeling Infectious Diseases Fact Sheet - National Institute of General Medical Sciences"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Initiatives/MIDAS/Background/Factsheet.htm">the original</a> on 2009-03-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Modeling+Infectious+Diseases+Fact+Sheet+-+National+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2FInitiatives%2FMIDAS%2FBackground%2FFactsheet.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigms.nih.gov/Research/specificareas/cellimaging/pages/default.aspx">"Cellular Imaging"</a>. <i>www.nigms.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigms.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Cellular+Imaging&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigms.nih.gov%2FResearch%2Fspecificareas%2Fcellimaging%2Fpages%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Institute+of+General+Medical+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:National Institute of General Medical Sciences">National Institute of General Medical Sciences</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nigms.nih.gov">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usaspending.gov/federal_account/075-0851">NIGMS</a> account on <a href="/wiki/USAspending.gov" title="USAspending.gov">USAspending.gov</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._National_Institutes_of_Health_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Template:National Institutes of Health"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Template talk:National Institutes of Health"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Institutes of Health"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._National_Institutes_of_Health_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">U.S. <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_institutes_and_centers_of_the_National_Institutes_of_Health" title="List of institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Eye_Institute" title="National Eye Institute">National Eye Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Heart,_Lung,_and_Blood_Institute" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute">National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Human_Genome_Research_Institute" title="National Human Genome Research Institute">National Human Genome Research Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Aging" title="National Institute on Aging">National Institute on Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Alcohol_Abuse_and_Alcoholism" title="National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism">National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Allergy_and_Infectious_Diseases" title="National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Arthritis_and_Musculoskeletal_and_Skin_Diseases" title="National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases">National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Biomedical_Imaging_and_Bioengineering" title="National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering">National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Deafness_and_Other_Communication_Disorders" title="National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders">National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Dental_and_Craniofacial_Research" title="National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research">National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Diabetes_and_Digestive_and_Kidney_Diseases" title="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Drug_Abuse" title="National Institute on Drug Abuse">National Institute on Drug Abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Environmental_Health_Sciences" title="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Institute of General Medical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health" title="National Institute of Mental Health">National Institute of Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Minority_Health_and_Health_Disparities" title="National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities">National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Neurological_Disorders_and_Stroke" title="National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Nursing_Research" title="National Institute of Nursing Research">National Institute of Nursing Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="United States National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Information_Technology" title="Center for Information Technology">Center for Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Scientific_Review" title="Center for Scientific Review">Center for Scientific Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Fogarty_International_Center" title="John E. Fogarty International Center">John E. Fogarty International Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Integrative_Health" title="National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health">National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Advancing_Translational_Sciences" title="National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences">National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Research_Center" title="Vaccine Research Center">Vaccine Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Clinical_Center" title="National Institutes of Health Clinical Center">National Institutes of Health Clinical Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency_for_Health" title="Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health">Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_Human_Project" title="Visible Human Project">Visible Human Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diabetes_Education_Program" title="National Diabetes Education Program">National Diabetes Education Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRAIN_Initiative" title="BRAIN Initiative">BRAIN Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Director of the National Institutes of Health">Directors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Kinyoun" title="Joseph J. Kinyoun">Joseph J. Kinyoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_J._Rosenau" title="Milton J. Rosenau">Milton J. Rosenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleetezelle_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fleetezelle Anderson">John F. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCoy" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. McCoy">George W. McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_R._Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis R. Thompson">Lewis R. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolla_Dyer" title="Rolla Dyer">Rolla Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Sebrell,_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="William H. Sebrell, Jr">William H. Sebrell, Jr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Augustine_Shannon" class="mw-redirect" title="James Augustine Shannon">James Augustine Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Q._Marston" title="Robert Q. Marston">Robert Q. Marston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stone_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Stone (scientist)">Robert Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_S._Fredrickson" title="Donald S. Fredrickson">Donald S. Fredrickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Wyngaarden" class="mw-redirect" title="James B. Wyngaarden">James B. Wyngaarden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadine_Healy" title="Bernadine Healy">Bernadine Healy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Harold E. Varmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Zerhouni" title="Elias Zerhouni">Elias Zerhouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monica_Bertagnolli" title="Monica Bertagnolli">Monica Bertagnolli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/NIH_Record" title="NIH Record">NIH Record</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service" title="United States Public Health Service">United States Public Health Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIH_Intramural_Research_Program" title="NIH Intramural Research Program">Division of Intramural Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_campus" title="National Institutes of Health campus">National Institutes of Health campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Director%27s_Pioneer_Award" title="National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award">National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIH_Public_Access_Policy" title="NIH Public Access Policy">NIH Public Access Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Research_Resources" title="National Center for Research Resources">National Center for Research Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Police" title="National Institutes of Health Police">National Institutes of Health Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Laboratory_Animal_Welfare" title="Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare">Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate acting officeholders</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6973666#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6973666#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6973666#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000405337286">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/129634085">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79021320">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Spojené státy americké)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0058686&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007590182805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&params=38_59_50_N_77_5_59_W_region:US-MD"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°59′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°5′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.99722°N 77.09972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.99722; -77.09972</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&oldid=1240197434">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&oldid=1240197434</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Category:National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medical_research_institutes_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Medical research institutes in the United States">Medical research institutes in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_not_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates not on Wikidata">Coordinates not on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 August 2024, at 02:07<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-tpmks","wgBackendResponseTime":174,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.420","walltime":"0.797","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2065,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":52028,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2079,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":66507,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 479.168 1 -total"," 31.03% 148.703 1 Template:Reflist"," 26.88% 128.784 15 Template:Cite_web"," 17.61% 84.363 1 Template:National_Institutes_of_Health"," 16.76% 80.321 1 Template:Navbox"," 16.07% 76.999 1 Template:Short_description"," 15.31% 73.379 1 Template:Infobox_government_agency"," 14.00% 67.088 1 Template:Infobox"," 8.20% 39.272 2 Template:Pagetype"," 7.25% 34.737 1 Template:Authority_control"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.273","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5715147,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-559c9fd9f4-ds28g","timestamp":"20241126125056","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6973666","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6973666","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-04-16T22:11:54Z","dateModified":"2024-08-14T02:07:33Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/14\/NIGMS_Director_Jon_Lorsch.jpg","headline":"medical research agency of the US Federal Government"}</script> </body> </html>