CINXE.COM

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>Pasture and Environment Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-156" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-159" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-162" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-165" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-168" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-171" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-174" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-195" >Swine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Swine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-195"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-198" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-201" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-204" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-207" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-210" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-213" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-216" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-219" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-222" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-243" >Goats</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Goats</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-243"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-246" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-249" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-252" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-255" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-258" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-261" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-264" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-267" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-270" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-291" >Sheep</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Sheep</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-291"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-294" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-297" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-300" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-303" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-306" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-309" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-312" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-315" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-318" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-339" >Llamas and Alpacas</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Llamas and Alpacas</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-339"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-348" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-351" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-357" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-360" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-366" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2608" >Canine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Canine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2608"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2611" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/behavior-and-welfare" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2614" >Behavior and Welfare</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2617" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2620" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-387" >Forage and Food Crops </a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Forage and Food Crops </span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-387"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-390" >Agronomic Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Agronomic Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-390"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-393" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-396" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-399" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-402" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-405" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-408" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-411" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-414" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-417" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-438" >Cover Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Cover Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-438"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-441" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-444" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-447" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-450" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-453" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-456" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-459" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-462" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-465" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-483" >Forages</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forages</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-483"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-486" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-489" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-492" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/forage-quality-and-testing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-495" >Forage Quality and Testing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-498" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-501" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-504" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-507" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-510" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-513" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-537" >Fruit</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Fruit</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-537"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-540" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/cultivars-and-rootstocks" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-543" >Cultivars and Rootstocks</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-546" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-549" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-552" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-555" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-558" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-561" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-564" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-636" >Mushrooms</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Mushrooms</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-636"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-639" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/substrate-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-645" >Substrate Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-648" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-651" >Food Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-657" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-585" >Vegetables</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Vegetables</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-585"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-588" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-591" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-594" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-597" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-600" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-603" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-606" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-609" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-612" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-675" >Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-675"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2431" >Aquatic Plants and Algae</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Aquatic Plants and Algae</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2431"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-828" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-831" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-837" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link 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href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety/good-agricultural-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1284" >Good Agricultural Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety/regulations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1287" >Regulations</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1311" >Food Service and Retail</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Food Service and Retail</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1311"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail/food-service-safety" 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href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1344" >Home Food Preservation and Safety</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Home Food Preservation and Safety</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1344"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a 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class="back"><span>Grape and Wine Production</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1374"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/grape-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1377" >Grape Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/wine-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1380" >Wine Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/business-management-and-marketing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1383" >Business Management and Marketing</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1404" >Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1404"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits/production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1407" >Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 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href="https://extension.psu.edu/water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1437" >Drinking and Residential Water</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Drinking and Residential Water</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1437"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water" class="main-menu__inner-link 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data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1539"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management/private-septic-systems" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1542" >Private Septic Systems</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management/industrial" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1545" >Industrial</a> 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<strong>Maintenance and Treatment</strong> </li> </ul></nav> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div><main id="maincontent" class="page-main"> <a id="contentarea" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="parent-category-name">Drinking and Residential Water</span> <div class="page-title-wrapper"><h1 class="page-title" id="page-title-heading" aria-labelledby="page-title-heading toolbar-amount" ><span class="base" data-ui-id="page-title-wrapper" >Maintenance and Treatment</span></h1> </div><div class="page messages"> <div data-placeholder="messages"></div> <div data-bind="scope: 'messages'"><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: cookieMessagesObservable(), as: 'message' }"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: messages().messages, as: 'message' }, afterRender: purgeMessages"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="category-view"> <div class="category-description"><p>Homeowners with private water systems should invest in testing their water and providing necessary treatment to ensure a safe household water supply. On this page, find advice on private drinking and residential water systems, including septic system management, home treatment systems, and record keeping.</p> <h2>Maintaining Private Water Systems</h2> <p>Many US households get their water from alternative water supplies such as wells, springs, and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/rainwater-cisterns-design-construction-and-treatment">rainwater cisterns</a>. Private water systems, however, are not regulated on either federal or state levels. This is why proper construction and adequate maintenance are crucial for preventing home drinking water contamination.</p> <p>Bacterial contamination is one of the most prevalent management issues in water systems. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/shock-chlorination-of-wells-and-springs">Shock chlorination</a> is often recommended for eliminating coliform bacteria, particularly after one-time contamination incidents. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/maintaining-home-water-treatment-systems">Residential water treatment systems</a> – such as water filtration and disinfection – can further help treat an existing bacteria problem or prevent potential contamination.</p> <p>Access more information on <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/private-wells-and-water-systems-management">managing private water systems</a> through Penn State Extension’s comprehensive collection of publications, workshops, and webinars. Resources are available on <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/safe-drinking-water-clinic">testing and treating drinking water</a> from private supplies, as well as obtaining <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/funding-for-private-well-and-septic-system-repairs">financial assistance</a> for well and septic system repairs.</p> <p>Homeowners can further make use of the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/h2osolutions">H2OSolutions app</a>. The app is specially designed to help users diagnose the causes of water quality issues and provide guidance in making proper water testing decisions.</p> <h2>Private Wells</h2> <p>Private water wells are becoming increasingly popular throughout the United States. If you plan on <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/before-you-drill-a-well">drilling a well</a>, note that while any well penetrating an aquifer will yield water, the amount will generally depend on its location. If you have an existing <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/using-low-yielding-wells">low-yielding well</a>, consider reducing peak water use or increasing storage within the water system to increase the adequacy of water supply.</p> <p>In addition to location, adequate testing and treatment can have an effect on water quality, as well. Routinely <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/testing-your-drinking-water">testing private water supplies</a> for E. coli and coliform bacteria helps ensure that the water is safe to use. Water should further be tested for pH and total dissolved solids (TDS) every three years. Additional testing should be done for land uses pollutants such as iron, sulfate, chloride, and nitrates.</p> <p>In this section, private well owners can benefit from Penn State Extension’s <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/information-sources-for-water-well-owners">groundwater resources</a>. Regularly updated information is available on topics such as <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water-well-maintenance-and-rehabilitation">well maintenance</a> and rehabilitation, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/managing-your-well-during-drought">water management during drought</a>, and sound <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/keeping-well-and-septic-system-records">water well records</a>.</p> <h2>Septic System Management</h2> <p>When maintained properly, septic systems can provide efficient and reliable treatment of household waste. To maximize the likelihood of optimal long-term performance, it’s critical to perform <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/site-evaluation-for-on-lot-sewage-systems">soil evaluations</a> prior to construction.</p> <p>Once constructed, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/on-lot-wastewater-systems-the-basics">on-lot septic systems</a> should be inspected regularly. The treatment tanks, responsible for receiving the wastewater, should be pumped out on a routine basis. Reducing water use at home can help <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/managing-your-on-lot-septic-system">prevent wastewater system failures</a>. Water conservation reduces the flow through the system, allows more time for solids to settle in the septic, and reduces the chances of overloading the soil absorption field.</p> <p>Discover more about private water and septic systems maintenance with Penn State Extension. Learn about <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/buying-a-home-with-a-private-well-and-septic-system">buying a home with a private well</a>, utilizing a <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/drip-irrigation-micro-mound">micro-mound wastewater system</a>, and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/protecting-your-septic-system-from-flooding">protecting septic systems from flooding</a>.</p></div> </div><div class="columns"><div class="sidebar sidebar-main"> <div class="block filter" id="layered-filter-block" data-mage-init='{"collapsible":{"openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": false, "collateral": { "openedState": "filter-active", "element": "body" } }}'> <div class="block-title filter-title" data-count="0"><strong data-role="title">Narrow By</strong></div><div class="block-content filter-content"> <strong role="heading" aria-level="2" class="block-subtitle filter-subtitle">Narrow By:</strong> <div class="filter-options" id="narrow-by-list" data-role="content" 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data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/rain-barrel-discovery-explore-and-learn" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4834-67b40eee8243d"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/22922d31e20fa7d5aee4969f22088465.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/22922d31e20fa7d5aee4969f22088465.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/22922d31e20fa7d5aee4969f22088465.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Rain Barrel Discovery: Explore and Learn"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-483467b40eee8243d { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-483467b40eee8243d span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-483467b40eee8243d span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="811"></span> Workshops</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="4834" data-price-box="product-id-4834"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"></span> <span id="from-4834" data-price-amount="0" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">Free</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/rain-barrel-discovery-explore-and-learn">Rain Barrel Discovery: Explore and Learn</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute when'><span class='label'>When </span><span class='value'>03/29/2025</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>1 hour</span></div> <div class='attribute cvent_event_format'><span class='label'>Event Format </span><span class='value'>In-Person</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn more about the benefits of installing a rain barrel on your property! Ideal for conservationists and gardeners. Premade barrels available for purchase.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_5479" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water-supply-protection-testing-and-interpretation" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5479-67b40eee86244"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3554.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3554.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3554.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Water Supply Protection, Testing, and Interpretation"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-547967b40eee86244 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-547967b40eee86244 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-547967b40eee86244 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/water-supply-protection-testing-and-interpretation">Water Supply Protection, Testing, and Interpretation</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>7:56</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn how to test and protect your private water well, spring or cistern.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_3661" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/hydrogen-sulfide-rotten-egg-odor-in-water-wells" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3661-67b40eee872b5"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/d/cde38c9053106a908e336ac03ed78610.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/d/cde38c9053106a908e336ac03ed78610.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/d/cde38c9053106a908e336ac03ed78610.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Kid holding his nose from bad odor. Photo by mmntz on Flickr"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-366167b40eee872b5 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-366167b40eee872b5 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-366167b40eee872b5 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/hydrogen-sulfide-rotten-egg-odor-in-water-wells">Hydrogen Sulfide (Rotten Egg Odor) in Water Wells</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Hydrogen sulfide is a gas that gives water a distinctive "rotten egg" odor. Various treatment options are discussed in this article.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_64861" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/iron-and-sulfur-bacteria-a-slimy-problem" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-64861-67b40eee88367"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/5/a50274ec8b86507c6159b1c4e533014b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/5/a50274ec8b86507c6159b1c4e533014b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/5/a50274ec8b86507c6159b1c4e533014b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Iron bacteria oxidizes iron and forms a slime that can often be observed in the back of toilet tanks that provide an ideal environment for it to grow. Photo: Alyssa Hartzell"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6486167b40eee88367 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6486167b40eee88367 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6486167b40eee88367 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/iron-and-sulfur-bacteria-a-slimy-problem">Iron and Sulfur Bacteria: a Slimy Problem</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Danielle Rhea</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">These slimy bacteria that feed on iron and sulfur in water systems can be a nuisance to homeowners.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2485" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/lead-in-drinking-water" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2485-67b40eee894b3"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/f/dfba1ac0dccc2da03a0eca7d4aeaaa17.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/f/dfba1ac0dccc2da03a0eca7d4aeaaa17.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/f/dfba1ac0dccc2da03a0eca7d4aeaaa17.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Lead in Drinking Water"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-248567b40eee894b3 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-248567b40eee894b3 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-248567b40eee894b3 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/lead-in-drinking-water">Lead in Drinking Water</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Faith Kibuye, Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D., Amy Galford</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn how to determine if your drinking water contains too much lead, and discover ways to reduce lead in your water.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_34722" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/analisis-de-pfas-y-tratamiento-del-agua-de-pozos-en-pensilvania" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-34722-67b40eee8a5b3"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/2/7219f972c3ae968992bd43ce21bda6e0_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/2/7219f972c3ae968992bd43ce21bda6e0_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/2/7219f972c3ae968992bd43ce21bda6e0_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Las pruebas de PFAS deben realizarse en un laboratorio acreditado por el Departamento de Protección Medioambiental de Pensilvania. Foto: Penn State Extension"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3472267b40eee8a5b3 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3472267b40eee8a5b3 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3472267b40eee8a5b3 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/analisis-de-pfas-y-tratamiento-del-agua-de-pozos-en-pensilvania">Análisis de PFAS y tratamiento del agua de pozos en Pensilvania</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Las PFAS son un contaminante emergente en las aguas subterráneas ubicadas cerca de bases militares, centros de entrenamiento de bomberos, vertederos, rellenos sanitarios, zonas industriales y campos donde se han esparcido biosólidos.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_21012" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/after-the-flood-recovery-considerations-for-rural-pennsylvanians" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-21012-67b40eee8b6f6"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/1/81d670c291330256758462ec263669ae.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/1/81d670c291330256758462ec263669ae.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/1/81d670c291330256758462ec263669ae.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Flooding around your home and on the farm could be leading to issues you need to address. Image Credit: Jennifer Fetter"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2101267b40eee8b6f6 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2101267b40eee8b6f6 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2101267b40eee8b6f6 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/after-the-flood-recovery-considerations-for-rural-pennsylvanians">After the Flood: Recovery Considerations for Rural Pennsylvanians</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Jennifer R Fetter, Leon Ressler, Andy Yencha</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Parts of Pennsylvania were drenched with heavy rains and flooded streams recently. In addition to drying out wet basements, there are few important things that rural Pennsylvanian's might want to pay special attention to.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_61867" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/guide-to-addressing-pfas-in-drinking-water" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-61867-67b40eee8c76d"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/0/e0bee04cf34cb0ce46637701fe8ab097.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/0/e0bee04cf34cb0ce46637701fe8ab097.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/0/e0bee04cf34cb0ce46637701fe8ab097.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Running water from a faucet and PFAS chemical structure"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6186767b40eee8c76d { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6186767b40eee8c76d span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6186767b40eee8c76d span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/guide-to-addressing-pfas-in-drinking-water">Guide to Addressing PFAS in Drinking Water</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Faith Kibuye</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This article discusses how to manage PFAS in drinking water and provides a list of certified point of use water treatment devices for PFOA and PFOS reduction.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33617" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/mantenimiento-y-rehabilitacion-de-pozos-de-agua" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33617-67b40eee8d7d6"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/d/6d61fe0901b9c25bd15871e9bc016d91.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/d/6d61fe0901b9c25bd15871e9bc016d91.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/d/6d61fe0901b9c25bd15871e9bc016d91.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Mantenimiento y Rehabilitación de Pozos de Agua"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3361767b40eee8d7d6 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3361767b40eee8d7d6 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3361767b40eee8d7d6 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/mantenimiento-y-rehabilitacion-de-pozos-de-agua">Mantenimiento y Rehabilitación de Pozos de Agua</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Dana E. Flowers, Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Los pozos de agua requieren un mantenimiento regular para garantizar un flujo de agua adecuado y una calidad óptima del agua.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33612" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/gas-metano-y-su-eliminacion-de-pozos-de-agua" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33612-67b40eee8e827"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/5/95e4a3c98f0d9fd4f9fa59cbb04f2506_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/5/95e4a3c98f0d9fd4f9fa59cbb04f2506_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/5/95e4a3c98f0d9fd4f9fa59cbb04f2506_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Gas Metano y su Eliminación de Pozos de Agua"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3361267b40eee8e827 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3361267b40eee8e827 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3361267b40eee8e827 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/gas-metano-y-su-eliminacion-de-pozos-de-agua">Gas Metano y su Eliminación de Pozos de Agua</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">El gas metano puede ocurrir en pozos de agua a partir de procesos naturales o de actividades de perforación cercanas.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33616" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/cloracion-de-choque-de-pozos-y-manantiales" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33616-67b40eee8f855"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/5/05661512815784357eb24e235e2c2443.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/5/05661512815784357eb24e235e2c2443.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/5/05661512815784357eb24e235e2c2443.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Cloración de Choque de Pozos y Manantiales"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3361667b40eee8f855 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3361667b40eee8f855 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3361667b40eee8f855 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/cloracion-de-choque-de-pozos-y-manantiales">Cloración de Choque de Pozos y Manantiales</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">La cloración de choque se puede utilizar para desinfectar los suministros de agua que se han contaminado como resultado de un incidente de contaminación.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33625" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/ablandamiento-de-agua" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33625-67b40eee9087e"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/1/61abf01e455ad9153d6291888049fd7f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/1/61abf01e455ad9153d6291888049fd7f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/1/61abf01e455ad9153d6291888049fd7f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Ablandamiento de Agua"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3362567b40eee9087e { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3362567b40eee9087e span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3362567b40eee9087e span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/ablandamiento-de-agua">Ablandamiento de Agua</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Jennifer R Fetter, Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">El agua dura produce depósitos grises o blancos cuando se calienta el agua. Se puede usar ablandamiento de agua para reducir estos síntomas.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_55122" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/five-parts-of-sanitary-water-well-construction" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-55122-67b40eee918a8"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69ea8b8a5c8a582c236e9408cc388493.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69ea8b8a5c8a582c236e9408cc388493.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69ea8b8a5c8a582c236e9408cc388493.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A sanitary cap is an easy addition to your well to guard from surface water entering your water supply. Photo: Bryan Swistock, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-5512267b40eee918a8 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-5512267b40eee918a8 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-5512267b40eee918a8 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/five-parts-of-sanitary-water-well-construction">Five Parts of Sanitary Water Well Construction</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Susan Boser</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">These five well construction features can help protect your drinking water supply from surface contamination.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_30523" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/bacterias-coliformes" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-30523-67b40eee928fb"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/3/3306e91af33de61a61830f3d00600019.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/3/3306e91af33de61a61830f3d00600019.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/3/3306e91af33de61a61830f3d00600019.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Bacterias Coliformes"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3052367b40eee928fb { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3052367b40eee928fb span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3052367b40eee928fb span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/bacterias-coliformes">Bacterias Coliformes</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Este artículo describe qué son las bacterias coliformes, de dónde vienen y cómo eliminarlas del agua potable.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_30519" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/nitratos-en-el-agua-potable" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-30519-67b40eee93934"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/7/a73debb817ba57ac9504224e0ba5f5ee.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/7/a73debb817ba57ac9504224e0ba5f5ee.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/7/a73debb817ba57ac9504224e0ba5f5ee.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Nitratos en el Agua Potable"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3051967b40eee93934 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3051967b40eee93934 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3051967b40eee93934 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/nitratos-en-el-agua-potable">Nitratos en el Agua Potable</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">El exceso de nitratos en el agua potable puede causar el "síndrome del bebé azul" o metahemoglobinemia. Hay varias opciones de tratamiento disponibles para eliminar el nitrato del agua.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_30521" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/plomo-en-el-agua-potable" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-30521-67b40eee94942"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/7/972d5d7b525f2aa83a7e30ac54ae63b8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/7/972d5d7b525f2aa83a7e30ac54ae63b8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/7/972d5d7b525f2aa83a7e30ac54ae63b8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Plomo en el Agua Potable"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3052167b40eee94942 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3052167b40eee94942 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3052167b40eee94942 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/plomo-en-el-agua-potable">Plomo en el Agua Potable</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Aprenda a determinar si su agua potable contiene demasiado plomo y descubra formas de reducir el plomo en su agua.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_52263" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/sanitary-water-well-construction" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-52263-67b40eee95bd6"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69d3d599d21d2a95b27386ec24fab7bb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69d3d599d21d2a95b27386ec24fab7bb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/69d3d599d21d2a95b27386ec24fab7bb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A sanitary cap is just one way to keep surface water from entering your well. Photo: Jennifer Fetter, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-5226367b40eee95bd6 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-5226367b40eee95bd6 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-5226367b40eee95bd6 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/sanitary-water-well-construction">Sanitary Water Well Construction</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Susan Boser, Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Construction features and wellhead area management can protect private water wells from surface water contamination.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_5563" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/core-topic-briefs-ground-water-model" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5563-67b40eee96e63"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3636.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3636.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3636.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Core Topic Briefs: Ground Water Model"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-556367b40eee96e63 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-556367b40eee96e63 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-556367b40eee96e63 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/core-topic-briefs-ground-water-model">Core Topic Briefs: Ground Water Model</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>16:00</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This video shows movements of water under the earth and how pollution might affect drinking water. (Modelo de Agua Subterranea)</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_28239" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water-softening-video" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-28239-67b40eee97f8a"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cbce58ab20c9c7e7a70a02e976418c9.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cbce58ab20c9c7e7a70a02e976418c9.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cbce58ab20c9c7e7a70a02e976418c9.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Water Softening"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2823967b40eee97f8a { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2823967b40eee97f8a span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2823967b40eee97f8a span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/water-softening-video">Water Softening</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Susan Boser</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>4:21</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Water softening is a method that can be used to treat the common household problem of hard water. Softening water involves removing the scale caused by calcium and magnesium.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_43887" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/importance-of-application-setbacks-for-protecting-private-drinking-water-resources" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-43887-67b40eee99251"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/a/4ac6b289de77cc31bab162a5f32832a5.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/a/4ac6b289de77cc31bab162a5f32832a5.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/a/4ac6b289de77cc31bab162a5f32832a5.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Importance of Application Setbacks for Protecting Private Drinking Water Resources"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-4388767b40eee99251 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-4388767b40eee99251 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-4388767b40eee99251 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="810"></span> Webinars</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="43887" data-price-box="product-id-43887"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"></span> <span id="from-43887" data-price-amount="0" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">Free</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/importance-of-application-setbacks-for-protecting-private-drinking-water-resources">Importance of Application Setbacks for Protecting Private Drinking Water Resources</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute when'><span class='label'>When </span><span class='value'>Watch Now</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>1 hour</span></div> <div class='attribute recorded'><span class='label'>Recorded </span><span class='value'>Feb 13, 2023</span></div> <div class='attribute cvent_event_format'><span class='label'>Event Format </span><span class='value'>On-Demand | Recorded</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Review the setbacks of surface water and groundwater contamination, how it occurs, and the guidelines on protecting our sources of drinking water.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33390" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/eliminacion-de-quistes-de-giardia-del-agua-potable" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33390-67b40eee9e50e"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/b/4b58e549d0bdee026b51e285832251c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/b/4b58e549d0bdee026b51e285832251c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/b/4b58e549d0bdee026b51e285832251c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Eliminación de Quistes de Giardia del Agua Potable"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3339067b40eee9e50e { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3339067b40eee9e50e span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3339067b40eee9e50e span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/eliminacion-de-quistes-de-giardia-del-agua-potable">Eliminación de Quistes de Giardia del Agua Potable</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Este artículo describe los métodos de tratamiento adecuados para eliminar los quistes de Giardia del agua potable.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33391" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/hierro-y-manganeso-en-sistemas-de-agua-privados" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33391-67b40eee9f7f1"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7675.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7675.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7675.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Hierro y Manganeso en Sistemas de Agua Privados"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3339167b40eee9f7f1 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3339167b40eee9f7f1 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3339167b40eee9f7f1 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/hierro-y-manganeso-en-sistemas-de-agua-privados">Hierro y Manganeso en Sistemas de Agua Privados</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">El hierro y el manganeso provocan manchas y sabores en el agua. Se pueden eliminar con varios procesos de tratamiento descritos en este artículo.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_3664" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/private-water-systems-faqs" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3664-67b40eeea097a"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cc19cd96df886f2d7ecf8f87df50a66.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cc19cd96df886f2d7ecf8f87df50a66.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/c/6cc19cd96df886f2d7ecf8f87df50a66.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Private Water Systems FAQs"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-366467b40eeea097a { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-366467b40eeea097a span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-366467b40eeea097a span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/private-water-systems-faqs">Private Water Systems FAQs</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Frequently asked questions about private wells, cisterns and springs.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_5634" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/protecting-your-water-well" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5634-67b40eeea19ac"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3701.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3701.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3701.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Protecting Your Water Well"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-563467b40eeea19ac { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-563467b40eeea19ac span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-563467b40eeea19ac span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/protecting-your-water-well">Protecting Your Water Well</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>7:48</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Several steps are discussed to help homeowners and farmers protect and properly manage their private water well.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_33392" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/problemas-y-soluciones-comunes-del-agua-potable" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-33392-67b40eeea29be"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7676.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7676.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_7676.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Problemas y Soluciones Comunes del Agua Potable"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3339267b40eeea29be { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3339267b40eeea29be span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3339267b40eeea29be span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/problemas-y-soluciones-comunes-del-agua-potable">Problemas y Soluciones Comunes del Agua Potable</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Bryan Swistock, James Andrew Clark</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Una lista de síntomas en el agua (color, olor, sabor), las causas comunes y las posibles soluciones a los problemas comunes del agua potable.</div> </div></div></li> </ol></div> <div class="toolbar toolbar-products toolbar-bottom" data-mage-init='{"productListToolbarForm":{"mode":"product_list_mode","direction":"product_list_dir","order":"product_list_order","limit":"product_list_limit","modeDefault":"list","directionDefault":null,"orderDefault":"publish_date","limitDefault":25,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/water\/drinking-and-residential-water\/maintenance-and-treatment","formKey":"vRN1pSJqSZtpHUpm","post":false}}'> <div class="pages"><strong class="label pages-label" id="paging-label">Page</strong> <div class="items pages-items" aria-labelledby="paging-label"><div class="item pages-item-previous"> <a class="action  previous disabled" href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/maintenance-and-treatment?tab=default" title="Previous"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>Previous</span></a></div><div class="item pages-item-next"> <a class="action next " href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/maintenance-and-treatment?p=2&tab=default" title="Next"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>Next</span></a></div><div class="pages-list"> <div class="item current"><strong class="page"><span class="label">You're currently reading page</span> <span>1</span></strong></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/maintenance-and-treatment?p=2&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>2</span></a></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/maintenance-and-treatment?p=3&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>3</span></a></div> </div></div></div> </div> </div></div></main> <div class="featured-content__wrapper"><div class="featured-content" data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-slides-to-show="4" data-slides-to-scroll="1" data-center-padding="90px" data-element="main" role="complementary"><div class="block-top-wrapper"><h2 class="block-title">You May Also Be Interested In...</h2><div class="widget-navigation"></div></div><div class="products-grid products wrapper"><ol class="product-items"> <li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/common-drinking-water-problems-and-solutions" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4928-67b40eeeadc68"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/0/a0e05b10cdf84f142f16425617205cb8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/0/a0e05b10cdf84f142f16425617205cb8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/0/a0e05b10cdf84f142f16425617205cb8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Common Drinking Water Problems and Solutions"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-492867b40eeeadc68 { width: 676px; 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