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a{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;font-size:0.75rem;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}</style><nav class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 MuiBreadcrumbs-root css-zmi5yr" aria-label="breadcrumb"><style data-emotion="css nhb8h9">.css-nhb8h9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0;margin:0;list-style:none;}</style><ol class="MuiBreadcrumbs-ol css-nhb8h9"><li class="MuiBreadcrumbs-li"><style data-emotion="css 1npbk5i">.css-1npbk5i{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 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class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h2 css-t21enm">Quarénghi, Giacomo</h1><style data-emotion="css 1m36rd1">.css-1m36rd1{margin:0;font-weight:700;font-family:Avenir,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-2%;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:1.4375rem;line-height:2rem;padding-top:0.625rem;padding-bottom:1rem;color:#ffffff;}@media (min-width:992px){.css-1m36rd1{font-size:2.125rem;line-height:2.5rem;}}</style><h5 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h5 HeroBase_leadP__0yoSv css-1m36rd1">Enciclopedia on line</h5></div></div><style data-emotion="css 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href="https://images.treccani.it/ext-tool/extra/images/a/aa/aad04220725f399db9d7d7244b3fe125.jpg"> <img src="https://images.treccani.it/ext-tool/extra/thumbs_medium/a/aa/aad04220725f399db9d7d7244b3fe125.jpg" alt="Giacomo Quarenghi (1744 - 1817) - Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0" class="content-img" width="NaN" height="NaN" style="object-fit:contain"/> </a></div></div><div class="paywall term-paragraph0 Term_elTermParagraph__jPdF6 MuiBox-root css-0"><style data-emotion="css d8t48w">.css-d8t48w{margin:0;font-weight:300;font-family:Avenir,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-2%;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.75rem;}@media (min-width:992px){.css-d8t48w{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:2rem;}}.css-d8t48w:not(:last-of-type){margin-bottom:1.5rem;}</style><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-bodyL css-d8t48w">Architetto (Capiatone, Rota d'Imagna, 1744 - Pietroburgo 1817). In tempo neoclassico Q. fu il maggiore interprete del Palladio; non cercò in lui il pittorico, germe sviluppato dal barocco, bensì l'armonia spaziale delle masse, la scanditura degli elementi tettonici. Tale interpretazione riuscì semplice e grandiosa nel tempo stesso, sempre legata al concetto di severe masse murarie (dove spesso le finestre s'aprono senza cornici), armonizzate da logge, colonnati e pronai rotondi. Nel 1779 si recò in <a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/[termOrCategory]/">Russia</a>, al servizio di Caterina II, diventandone l'architetto ufficiale. </p></div><div class="paywall term-paragraph1 Term_elTermParagraph__jPdF6 MuiBox-root css-0"> <style data-emotion="css ua2ada">.css-ua2ada{margin:0;font-weight:300;font-family:Avenir,sans-serif;letter-spacing:auto;font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.8125rem;padding-top:2.5rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;}@media (min-width:992px){.css-ua2ada{font-size:1.625rem;line-height:2.25rem;}}</style><h2 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-leadP css-ua2ada"><span id="Vita" class="mw-headline">Vita</span></h2> <p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-bodyL css-d8t48w">Nel 1763 il padre lo inviò a <a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/roma/">Roma</a> per perfezionarsi nella pittura sotto la guida iniziale di R. Mengs e, successivamente, presso lo studio di S. Pozzi, dove conobbe V. Brenna che lo avviò allo studio dell'<a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/architettura/">architettura</a>. Completò la pratica negli studi di A. Derizet, P. Posi e Nicola Giansimoni con studi sull'armonia musicale e con l'analisi dei monumenti antichi mediata, anche, dalla lettura del trattato di Palladio, l'opera che contribuì notevolmente all'evoluzione linguistica della sua definitiva attività di architetto. Viaggi di studio per l'Italia (1771; 1775, a Venezia si legò in amicizia col Temanza e col Selva, convinti assertori di un rinnovato classicismo in funzione palladiana) lo avvicinarono, oltre che alle opere di Palladio (che lo indirizza anche a una meditata conoscenza di Roma antica), a quelle di Bramante, Sanmicheli, Giulio Romano. I suoi disegni rivelano, inoltre, la conoscenza delle opere di E.-L. Boullée, C.-N. Ledoux, I. Jones e J. Adam. Nel 1779 fu chiamato in Russia come architetto di Caterina II, su suggerimento di F. M. Grimm e di Johan Friedrich Reiffenstein, rappresentante a Roma dell'Accademia di Belle Arti di Pietroburgo. In seguito, tranne due brevi viaggi a Bergamo (1794 e 1810), egli non abbandonò più quella corte: dopo la morte di Caterina II (1796) proseguì l'attività alla corte di Paolo I e Alessandro I. </p></div><div class="paywall term-paragraph2 Term_elTermParagraph__jPdF6 MuiBox-root css-0"> <h2 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-leadP css-ua2ada"><span id="Opere" class="mw-headline">Opere</span></h2> <p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-bodyL css-d8t48w">La ristrutturazione interna di S. Scolastica a Subiaco (1770-77) conferma la lezione palladiana, seppure rivisitata dalle nuove tendenze neoclassiche. La fortunata vicenda che lo portò in Russia gli permise di realizzare pienamente la sua architettura con grandiosità di mezzi, sviluppandola in un ritmo di maestosità non indegno di Roma. Il gusto slavo, medievale e bizantino per istinto, accettò la legge classica affermata con tanto slancio da Q.; ma era una classicità non fredda e archeologica, come quella per lo più imbalsamata dalla moda contemporanea, ma fatta viva e sincera in quanto aveva le sue premesse nel <a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/rinascimento/">Rinascimento</a> italiano. Q. impresse un'originale impronta palladiana nell'architettura russa del periodo realizzando, a Pietroburgo, il <a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/teatro/">teatro</a> dell'Ermitage (1782-85), l'Accademia delle scienze (1783-89), la Banca di stato (1783-90), la borsa dei Mercanti (1783, demolita nel 1805), la cappella dei Cavalieri di Malta (1789-1800), l'istituto Smol´nyj delle fanciulle nobili (1806-08); a Petergof (od. Petrodvorec) il Palazzo inglese e la sala per concerti (1781-89, distrutti nel 1942); a Carskoe Selo (od. Puškin) il <a style="vertical-align:baseline;font-size:inherit;text-decoration:underline;color:#93282C" href="/enciclopedia/palazzo/">palazzo</a> di Alessandro (1792-96), una delle sue opere di maggior rilievo. Dalla sua architettura, caratterizzata dalla presenza di elementi del linguaggio classico (timpani, lesene, ordine gigante, ecc.), traspare il risultato consapevole di una ricercata tipizzazione capace di rispondere alle locali esigenze culturali e funzionali del periodo. Un'attenzione, inoltre, rivolta all'inserimento armonico dell'architettura nel paesaggio, emerge in particolare in opere come l'Accademia delle scienze o il teatro dell'Ermitage di Pietroburgo, posizionati lungo la Neva. </p></div><div class="paywall term-paragraph3 Term_elTermParagraph__jPdF6 MuiBox-root css-0"> <table summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" class="sinottico"></table> </div><style data-emotion="css fm1z82">.css-fm1z82{width:100%;margin-left:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-right:auto;display:block;padding-left:0.125rem;padding-right:0.125rem;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important;}@media (min-width:576px){.css-fm1z82{padding-left:0.1875rem;padding-right:0.1875rem;}}@media (min-width:0px){.css-fm1z82{padding-left:1.6875rem;padding-right:1.6875rem;}}@media (min-width:1921px){.css-fm1z82{padding-left:4rem;padding-right:4rem;}}</style><div class="MuiContainer-root css-fm1z82"><style data-emotion="css 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type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"data":{"published_images":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0","caption":null,"author":"Giacomo Quarenghi (1744 - 1817)","path":"/a/aa/aad04220725f399db9d7d7244b3fe125.jpg","id":"2997","description":"Giacomo Quarenghi, progetto non realizzato di ristrutturazione del palazzo Nieborów, in Polonia, 1800 circa","thumb":"/a/aa/aad04220725f399db9d7d7244b3fe125.jpg"}],"titolo4url":"giacomo-quarenghi","voc_matches":[{"query":"giacomo","url":"https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/giacomo","section":"vocabolario","title":"giàcomo","abstract":" giacomo \n \ngiàcomo s. m. [voce fonosimbolica, raccostata al nome pr. Giacomo]. – Nella locuz. pop. fare giacomo giacomo, detto delle gambe che tremano, si piegano per paura, per debolezza, ecc.: ho le gambe che mi fanno giacomo giacomo.\n \n","opera":""}],"content":"\u003cp\u003eArchitetto (Capiatone, Rota d'Imagna, 1744 - Pietroburgo 1817). In tempo neoclassico Q. fu il maggiore interprete del Palladio; non cercò in lui il pittorico, germe sviluppato dal barocco, bensì l'armonia spaziale delle masse, la scanditura degli elementi tettonici. Tale interpretazione riuscì semplice e grandiosa nel tempo stesso, sempre legata al concetto di severe masse murarie (dove spesso le finestre s'aprono senza cornici), armonizzate da logge, colonnati e pronai rotondi. Nel 1779 si recò in \u003ca href=\"\"\u003eRussia\u003c/a\u003e, al servizio di Caterina II, diventandone l'architetto ufficiale.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"sc-paragraph\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Vita\"\u003eVita\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNel 1763 il padre lo inviò a \u003ca href=\"/enciclopedia/roma\"\u003eRoma\u003c/a\u003e per perfezionarsi nella pittura sotto la guida iniziale di R. Mengs e, successivamente, presso lo studio di S. Pozzi, dove conobbe V. Brenna che lo avviò allo studio dell'\u003ca href=\"/enciclopedia/architettura\"\u003earchitettura\u003c/a\u003e. Completò la pratica negli studi di A. Derizet, P. Posi e Nicola Giansimoni con studi sull'armonia musicale e con l'analisi dei monumenti antichi mediata, anche, dalla lettura del trattato di Palladio, l'opera che contribuì notevolmente all'evoluzione linguistica della sua definitiva attività di architetto. Viaggi di studio per l'Italia (1771; 1775, a Venezia si legò in amicizia col Temanza e col Selva, convinti assertori di un rinnovato classicismo in funzione palladiana) lo avvicinarono, oltre che alle opere di Palladio (che lo indirizza anche a una meditata conoscenza di Roma antica), a quelle di Bramante, Sanmicheli, Giulio Romano. I suoi disegni rivelano, inoltre, la conoscenza delle opere di E.-L. Boullée, C.-N. Ledoux, I. Jones e J. Adam. Nel 1779 fu chiamato in Russia come architetto di Caterina II, su suggerimento di F. M. Grimm e di Johan Friedrich Reiffenstein, rappresentante a Roma dell'Accademia di Belle Arti di Pietroburgo. In seguito, tranne due brevi viaggi a Bergamo (1794 e 1810), egli non abbandonò più quella corte: dopo la morte di Caterina II (1796) proseguì l'attività alla corte di Paolo I e Alessandro I.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"sc-paragraph\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Opere\"\u003eOpere\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLa ristrutturazione interna di S. Scolastica a Subiaco (1770-77) conferma la lezione palladiana, seppure rivisitata dalle nuove tendenze neoclassiche. La fortunata vicenda che lo portò in Russia gli permise di realizzare pienamente la sua architettura con grandiosità di mezzi, sviluppandola in un ritmo di maestosità non indegno di Roma. Il gusto slavo, medievale e bizantino per istinto, accettò la legge classica affermata con tanto slancio da Q.; ma era una classicità non fredda e archeologica, come quella per lo più imbalsamata dalla moda contemporanea, ma fatta viva e sincera in quanto aveva le sue premesse nel \u003ca href=\"/enciclopedia/rinascimento\"\u003eRinascimento\u003c/a\u003e italiano. Q. impresse un'originale impronta palladiana nell'architettura russa del periodo realizzando, a Pietroburgo, il \u003ca href=\"/enciclopedia/teatro\"\u003eteatro\u003c/a\u003e dell'Ermitage (1782-85), l'Accademia delle scienze (1783-89), la Banca di stato (1783-90), la borsa dei Mercanti (1783, demolita nel 1805), la cappella dei Cavalieri di Malta (1789-1800), l'istituto Smol´nyj delle fanciulle nobili (1806-08); a Petergof (od. Petrodvorec) il Palazzo inglese e la sala per concerti (1781-89, distrutti nel 1942); a Carskoe Selo (od. Puškin) il \u003ca href=\"/enciclopedia/palazzo\"\u003epalazzo\u003c/a\u003e di Alessandro (1792-96), una delle sue opere di maggior rilievo. Dalla sua architettura, caratterizzata dalla presenza di elementi del linguaggio classico (timpani, lesene, ordine gigante, ecc.), traspare il risultato consapevole di una ricercata tipizzazione capace di rispondere alle locali esigenze culturali e funzionali del periodo. Un'attenzione, inoltre, rivolta all'inserimento armonico dell'architettura nel paesaggio, emerge in particolare in opere come l'Accademia delle scienze o il teatro dell'Ermitage di Pietroburgo, posizionati lungo la Neva.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"sinottico\" style=\"\" summary=\"Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto\"\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c!-- DEBUG --\u003e\n \u003c!-- fecde2f5-477e-11dd-a3be-0016357f4ed7 --\u003e\n \u003c!-- /sites/default/BancaDati/Enciclopedia_online/Q/BIOGRAFIE_-_EDICOLA_Q_154160.xml --\u003e","categories":[{"cat3_label":"biografie","cat2":"arti_visive","cat3":"biografie","cat1":"arte_lingua_e_letteratura","section":"enciclopedia","cat1_label":"arte lingua e letteratura","url":"https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/arte_lingua_e_letteratura/arti_visive/biografie","cat2_label":"arti visive"}],"author":"","opera":"Enciclopedie on line","meta":{"html":{"title":"Quarénghi, Giacomo nell'Enciclopedia Treccani","description":"Architetto (Capiatone, Rota d'Imagna, 1744 - Pietroburgo 1817). In tempo neoclassico Q. fu il maggiore interprete del Palladio; non cercò in lui il pittorico, germe sviluppato dal barocco, bensì l'armonia spaziale delle masse, la scanditura degli elementi tettonici. Tale interpretazione riuscì semplice e grandiosa nel tempo stesso, sempre legata al concetto di severe masse murarie (dove spesso le finestre s'aprono senza cornici), armonizzate da logge, colonnati e pronai rotondi. Nel 1779 si recò"},"twitter":{"card":"summary","site":"@Treccani","url":"https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giacomo-quarenghi","title":"Quarénghi, Giacomo","description":"Architetto (Capiatone, Rota d'Imagna, 1744 - Pietroburgo 1817). In tempo neoclassico Q. fu il maggiore interprete del Palladio; non cercò in lui il pittorico, germe sviluppato dal barocco, bensì l'armonia spaziale delle masse, la scanditura degli elementi tettonici. 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Nel 1761 si stabilì a Roma dove, in contatto con A. R. Mengs e J. J. Winckelmann, si occupò prevalentemente di architettura, sostenendo la necessità che ogni elemento corrispondesse a una funzione costruttiva ...","opera":"Enciclopedie on line"},{"query":"subiaco","url":"https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/subiaco","section":"enciclopedia","treccani_id":"c910bf1c-eddc-11df-9962-d5ce3506d72e","title":"Subiaco","abstract":"Comune della prov. di Roma (63,4 km2 con 9321 ab. nel 2008, detti Sublacensi). Il centro è situato a 408 m s.l.m. su un colle alla destra dell’Aniene, alle falde del Monte Calvo. ● Il paese ha conservato aspetto tipicamente medievale, con strade strette, a forti pendenze, talora trasformate in scale, ...","opera":"Enciclopedie on line"},{"query":"antonio-canova","url":"https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/antonio-canova","section":"enciclopedia","treccani_id":"20f5391f-86d5-11dc-9a1b-0016357eee51","title":"Antonio Can\u0026#xF2;va","abstract":"Scultore (Possagno 1757 - Venezia 1822). Dal nonno, capomastro e scalpellino, imparò i primi elementi del mestiere; per interessamento del senatore Falier, che ne aveva avvertito le doti eccezionali, fu mandato a studiare a Venezia, con G. Bernardi-Torretti, poi con G. Ferrari. 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