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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>Il metodo dell'<b>idratazione dell'ossidiana</b> si utilizza in <a href="/wiki/Archeologia" title="Archeologia">archeologia</a> per datare strumenti litici realizzati in <a href="/wiki/Ossidiana" title="Ossidiana">ossidiana</a>. </p><p>Il metodo si basa sulla proprietà di questo materiale vulcanico di assorbire acqua dall'ambiente, formando sulle superfici degli strati di idratazione che si accrescono in modo costante con il passare del tempo. Poiché lo strato di idratazione inizia a formarsi nel momento in cui la superficie viene per la prima volta esposta al <a href="/wiki/Vapor_acqueo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vapor acqueo">vapor acqueo</a> presente nell'aria, il suo spessore, misurabile al microscopio, permette di valutare il momento in cui la pietra è stata lavorata e scheggiata. </p><p>La velocità di accrescimento dello strato di idratazione, tuttavia non è sempre la stessa, e dipende sia dal giacimento di origine, sia dalle condizioni climatiche a cui il pezzo è stato esposto. Il metodo va dunque considerato un metodo di datazione relativo all'interno di uno stesso sito e va utilizzato insieme ad altri metodi. </p><p>Il suo campo di applicazione teorico va da 200 a 200.000 anni fa, ma nella pratica i migliori risultati sono stati ottenuti fino a 100.000 o 120.000 anni fa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idratazione_dell%27ossidiana&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idratazione_dell%27ossidiana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/obsidian-hydration-rind-dating"><span style="font-style:italic;">obsidian–hydration–rind dating</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375668#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Cronologia_universale"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; 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Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Cronologia" title="Cronologia"><span style="color:#2f4f4f">Cronologia universale</span></a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Divisioni temporali calendariali</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Settimana" title="Settimana">Settimana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mese" title="Mese">Mese</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mese_sinodico" title="Mese sinodico">Mese sinodico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_lunare" title="Anno lunare">Anno lunare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_ordinario" title="Anno ordinario">Anno ordinario</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_bisestile" title="Anno bisestile">Anno bisestile</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Octaeteride" title="Octaeteride">Octaeteride</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_metonico" title="Ciclo metonico">Ciclo metonico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_callippico" title="Ciclo callippico">Ciclo callippico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Intercalazione_(cronologia)" title="Intercalazione (cronologia)">Intercalazione (cronologia)</a><b> ·</b></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Calendari</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Tipi</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Calendario" title="Calendario">Calendario</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_lunare" title="Calendario lunare">Lunare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_solare" title="Calendario solare">Solare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_lunisolare" title="Calendario lunisolare">Lunisolare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_delle_settimane" title="Calendario delle settimane">Calendario delle settimane</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_pentecontale" title="Calendario pentecontale">Calendario pentecontale</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Pre-giuliano e giuliano</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Calendario_romano" title="Calendario romano">Calendario romano o pre-giuliano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_giuliano" title="Calendario giuliano">Calendario giuliano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_giuliano#Calendario_giuliano_prolettico" title="Calendario giuliano">Calendario giuliano prolettico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_solare_(calendario)" title="Ciclo solare (calendario)">Ciclo solare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lettera_dominicale" title="Lettera dominicale">Lettera dominicale</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Gregoriano</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Calendario_gregoriano" title="Calendario gregoriano">Gregoriano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_gregoriano_prolettico" title="Calendario gregoriano prolettico">Gregoriano prolettico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Formato_della_data_per_stato" title="Formato della data per stato">Formato della data per stato</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Date_Old_Style_e_New_Style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Date Old Style e New Style (la pagina non esiste)">Date Old Style e New Style</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">In base ai nomi di civiltà</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Calendario_cinese" title="Calendario cinese">Calendario cinese</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_giapponese" title="Calendario giapponese">Calendario giapponese</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendario_coreano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calendario coreano (la pagina non esiste)">Calendario coreano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendario_vietnamita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calendario vietnamita (la pagina non esiste)">Calendario vietnamita</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_ebraico" title="Calendario ebraico">Calendario ebraico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_islamico" title="Calendario islamico">Calendario islamico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_maya" title="Calendario maya">Calendario maya</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Altri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/ISO_8601" title="ISO 8601">ISO 8601</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_rivoluzionario_francese" title="Calendario rivoluzionario francese">Calendario rivoluzionario francese</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_rivoluzionario_sovietico" title="Calendario rivoluzionario sovietico">Calendario rivoluzionario sovietico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_sessagesimale" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciclo sessagesimale">Ciclo sessagesimale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_geologico" title="Calendario geologico">Calendario geologico</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6"><a href="/wiki/Era_del_calendario" title="Era del calendario">Ere</a> e <a href="/wiki/Primo_giorno_dell%27anno" title="Primo giorno dell'anno">stili</a> di datazione</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">In base alle <a href="/wiki/Epoca_(calendario)" title="Epoca (calendario)">epoche</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_bizantino" title="Calendario bizantino">Epoca bizantina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ab_incarnatione" class="mw-redirect" title="Ab incarnatione">Ab incarnatione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_condita" title="Ab Urbe condita">Ab Urbe condita</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Era_seleucide" title="Era seleucide">Era seleucide</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Era_volgare" title="Era volgare">Era volgare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Era_ispanica" title="Era ispanica">Era ispanica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Era_olocenica" title="Era olocenica">Era olocenica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_islamico" title="Calendario islamico">Islamica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_egizio" title="Calendario egizio">Egizia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_sotiaco" title="Ciclo sotiaco">Ciclo sotiaco</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Hindu Yuga</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Per <a href="/wiki/Eponimo" title="Eponimo">eponimi</a> o per anni di regno</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Console_(storia_romana)" title="Console (storia romana)">Anni consolari</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Canone_di_Tolomeo" title="Canone di Tolomeo">Canone di Tolomeo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Libri_dei_Re" title="Libri dei Re">Libri dei Re</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Limmu" title="Limmu">Limmu</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_seleucide" title="Dinastia seleucide">Dinastia seleucide</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A1nh%C3%A0o" title="Niánhào">Ere della Cina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ere_del_Giappone" title="Ere del Giappone">Ere del Giappone</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Tempo astronomico</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Tempo" title="Tempo">Tempo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Effemeridi" title="Effemeridi">Effemeridi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cronologia_astronomica" title="Cronologia astronomica">Datazione astronomica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_galattico" title="Anno galattico">Anno galattico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_platonico" title="Anno platonico">Anno platonico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cicli_di_Milankovi%C4%87" title="Cicli di Milanković">Cicli di Milanković</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calendario_cosmico" title="Calendario cosmico">Calendario cosmico</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Tempo geologico</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Concetti</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Scala_dei_tempi_geologici" title="Scala dei tempi geologici">Tempo profondo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Storia_della_Terra" title="Storia della Terra">Storia geologica della terra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Scala_dei_tempi_geologici" title="Scala dei tempi geologici">Scala dei tempi geologici</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Standards</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Et%C3%A0_stratigrafiche_globali_standard" title="Età stratigrafiche globali standard">Età stratigrafiche globali standard</a> (sigla GSSA)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/GSSP" title="GSSP">Sezioni e punti stratigrafici globali</a> (sigla <a href="/wiki/GSSP" title="GSSP">GSSP</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Metodi</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Cronostratigrafia" title="Cronostratigrafia">Cronostratigrafia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Periodo_(geocronologia)" title="Periodo (geocronologia)">Periodo (geocronologia)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Et%C3%A0_(geocronologia)" title="Età (geocronologia)">Età (geocronologia)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Geochimica_isotopica" title="Geochimica isotopica">Geochimica isotopica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Legge_della_sovrapposizione" title="Legge della sovrapposizione">Legge della sovrapposizione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_samario-neodimio" title="Datazione samario-neodimio">Datazione samario-neodimio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Termoluminescenza" title="Termoluminescenza">Termoluminescenza</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Metodi archeologici</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee"><a href="/wiki/Datazione_assoluta" title="Datazione assoluta">Datazione assoluta</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Racemizzazione_degli_amminoacidi" title="Racemizzazione degli amminoacidi">Racemizzazione degli amminoacidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Archeomagnetismo" title="Archeomagnetismo">Archeomagnetismo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dendrocronologia" title="Dendrocronologia">Dendrocronologia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glottocronologia" title="Glottocronologia">Glottocronologia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carota_di_ghiaccio" title="Carota di ghiaccio">Carota di ghiaccio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lichenometria" title="Lichenometria">Lichenometria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Paleomagnetismo" title="Paleomagnetismo">Paleomagnetismo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metodo_del_carbonio-14" title="Metodo del carbonio-14">Datazione al radiocarbonio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_radiometrica" title="Datazione radiometrica">Datazione radiometrica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tefrocronologia" title="Tefrocronologia">Tefrocronologia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_a_termoluminescenza" title="Datazione a termoluminescenza">Datazione a termoluminescenza</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metodo_di_datazione_uranio-piombo" title="Metodo di datazione uranio-piombo">Datazione uranio-piombo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#afeeee">Datazione relativa</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Datazione_per_assorbimento_del_fluoro" title="Datazione per assorbimento del fluoro">Datazione per assorbimento del fluoro</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Idratazione dell'ossidiana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Seriazione_cronologica" title="Seriazione cronologica">Seriazione cronologica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stratigrafia_(archeologia)" title="Stratigrafia (archeologia)">Stratigrafia (archeologia)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_isocrona" title="Datazione isocrona">Datazione isocrona</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_rubidio-stronzio" title="Datazione rubidio-stronzio">Datazione rubidio-stronzio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_argon-argon" title="Datazione argon-argon">Datazione argon-argon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_uranio-torio" title="Datazione uranio-torio">Datazione uranio-torio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Datazione_con_azoto" title="Datazione con azoto">Datazione con azoto</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Metodo genetico</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Orologio_molecolare" title="Orologio molecolare">Orologio molecolare</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#add8e6">Argomenti correlati</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Cronaca_(genere_letterario)" title="Cronaca (genere letterario)">Cronaca (genere letterario)</a><b> ·</b> <a 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title="Paleontologia">Paleontologia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Archeologia" title="Archeologia">Archeologia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Storia" title="Storia">Storia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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