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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nosologia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 28 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6" title="علم تصنيف الأمراض - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم تصنيف الأمراض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нозология - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нозология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologia" title="Nosologia - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nosologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologie" title="Nosologie - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nosologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologie" title="Nosologie - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nosologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosology" title="Nosology - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nosology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozologio" title="Nozologio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nozologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosolog%C3%ADa" title="Nosología - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nosología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologia" title="Nosologia - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nosologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="بیماری‌شناسی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیماری‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologie" title="Nosologie - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nosologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="נוזולוגיה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נוזולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रोगवर्गीकरणविज्ञान - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोगवर्गीकरणविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozol%C3%B3gia" title="Nozológia - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nozológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologia" title="Nosologia - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nosologia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologi" title="Nosologi - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nosologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nk%E1%BB%8Dwa_nke_Nosology" title="Nkọwa nke Nosology - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Nkọwa nke Nosology" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нозология - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нозология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozologia" title="Nozologia - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nozologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologia" title="Nosologia - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nosologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нозология - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нозология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozol%C3%B3gia" title="Nozológia - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nozológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosologi" title="Nosologi - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nosologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozoloji" title="Nozoloji - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nozoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нозология - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нозология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нозологія - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нозологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_lo%E1%BA%A1i_b%E1%BB%87nh" title="Phân loại bệnh - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phân loại bệnh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="疾病分類學 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="疾病分類學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q845300#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q845300" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosografia&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosografia">Nosografia</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-generico"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puzzle_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abbozzo"><img alt="Abbozzo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/45px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/68px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/90px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce  sull'argomento patologia è solo un <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Abbozzo" title="Aiuto:Abbozzo">abbozzo</a></b>.<br /> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit">Contribuisci</a> a migliorarla secondo le <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">convenzioni di Wikipedia</a>. </div> <div class="hide-when-compact"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>La <b>nosologia</b> (dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_greca" title="Lingua greca">greco</a> νόσος, <i>nosos</i>, "malattia" e λόγος, <i>logos</i>, "discorso" o "ragionamento") è la <a href="/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza">scienza</a> che si occupa della classificazione sistematica delle <a href="/wiki/Malattie" class="mw-redirect" title="Malattie">malattie</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipi_di_classificazione">Tipi di classificazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Tipi di classificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tipi di classificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le malattie possono essere classificate in base all'<a href="/wiki/Eziologia_(medicina)" title="Eziologia (medicina)">eziologia</a> (causa), alla <a href="/wiki/Patogenesi" title="Patogenesi">patogenesi</a> (meccanismo d'insorgenza di un processo patologico e il suo conseguente sviluppo) o ai <a href="/wiki/Sintomo" title="Sintomo">sintomi</a>. Altrimenti le malattie possono essere classificate in base all'<a href="/wiki/Apparato_(anatomia)" title="Apparato (anatomia)">apparato</a> o sistema coinvolto, anche se spesso ciò è difficile, perché molte malattie colpiscono più organi. </p><p>Uno dei problemi che la nosologia si trova ad affrontare è il fatto che le malattie spesso non possono essere ben definite e classificate in modo chiaro, specialmente quando le cause e la patogenesi non sono conosciute. In questo caso i termini <a href="/wiki/Diagnosi" title="Diagnosi">diagnostici</a> sono spesso solo sintomi o insiemi di sintomi (<a href="/wiki/Sindrome" title="Sindrome">sindromi</a>). </p><p>Tradizionalmente si definirono le malattie sotto forma di sindromi, cioè in base ai loro sintomi. Quando diventano disponibili maggiori informazioni, vengono definite anche in base al danno provocato. Quando si conosce la causa, sono meglio definite in base a questa, sebbene rimangano importanti le loro caratteristiche. </p><p>Probabilmente l'ultimo tipo descritto di malattie sono le malattie molecolari, definite dalle loro caratteristiche molecolari. Questo fu introdotto nel novembre del 1949: con a pionieristica pubblicazione "Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sul giornale <i>Science</i>, <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a>, Harvey Itano e collaboratori gettarono le basi per costituire il campo della medicina molecolare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistemi_di_codifica">Sistemi di codifica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Sistemi di codifica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Sistemi di codifica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Storicamente sono state proposte molte classificazioni delle malattie, e in genere tutte assegnano un codice a ogni malattia contenuta. Alcune di esse codificano le malattie seguendo la via del classification tree, e altre come SNOMED usano un sistema di classificazione multifattoriale. </p><p>Il sistema di codifica più conosciuto è la serie <a href="/wiki/Classificazione_ICD" title="Classificazione ICD">ICD</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Organizzazione_mondiale_della_sanit%C3%A0" title="Organizzazione mondiale della sanità">Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità</a>, ma ci sono altre classificazioni accettate come DOCLE, NANDA o SNOMED<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Storicamente ce n'erano altre come il Berkson Coding System che non sono più mantenute. </p><p>Ci sono anche sistemi di codifica per i sintomi e i riscontri biologici presenti nelle malattie. In genere sono inclusi nei dizionari medici, sempre con un sistema di codifica. Alcuni di questi sono <a href="/wiki/MeSH" class="mw-redirect" title="MeSH">MeSH</a> (Medical Subject Headings), COSTART (Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction Terms) o MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Altri sistemi come Current Procedural Terminology non trattano direttamente delle malattie ma delle procedure correlate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) L. Pauling, H. A. Itano e S. J. Singer, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.110.2865.543"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Science</span>, vol. 110, n. 2865, 25 novembre 1949, pp. 543–548, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.110.2865.543">10.1126/science.110.2865.543</a>. <small>URL consultato il 14 giugno 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mayo.edu/research/documents/biostat-83pdf/doc-10026715"><span style="font-style:italic;">Comparison of Mayo Clinic Coding Systems</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mayo.edu</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Deven Babre, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149405/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Medical Coding in Clinical Trials</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Perspectives in Clinical Research</span>, vol. 1, n. 1, 2010, pp. 29–32. <small>URL consultato il 15 giugno 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Nosology"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nosology?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nosology?uselang=it">nosologia</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosologia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/nosology"><span style="font-style:italic;">nosology</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845300#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007536211405171">987007536211405171</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asclepius_staff.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medicina"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asclepius_staff.svg/13px-Asclepius_staff.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asclepius_staff.svg/19px-Asclepius_staff.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asclepius_staff.svg/25px-Asclepius_staff.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="995" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Medicina" title="Portale:Medicina">Portale Medicina</a></b>: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di medicina</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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