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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Judges 4:2 So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his forces was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/judges/4-2.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/16/07_Jdg_04_02.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Judges 4:2 - Deborah and Barak" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. 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Sisera, the commander of his army, was based in Harosheth Haggoyim. <a href="/nlt/judges/4.htm">New Living Translation</a> So the LORD turned them over to King Jabin of Hazor, a Canaanite king. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-haggoyim. <a href="/esv/judges/4.htm">English Standard Version</a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/bsb/judges/4.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his forces was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/kjv/judges/4.htm">King James Bible</a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/nkjv/judges/4.htm">New King James Version</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth Hagoyim. <a href="/nasb_/judges/4.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/nasb/judges/4.htm">NASB 1995</a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/nasb77/judges/4.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/lsb/judges/4.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/amp/judges/4.htm">Amplified Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/csb/judges/4.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> So the LORD sold them to King Jabin of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera who lived in Harosheth of the Nations. <a href="/hcsb/judges/4.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his forces was Sisera who lived in Harosheth of the Nations. <a href="/asv/judges/4.htm">American Standard Version</a> And Jehovah sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/cev/judges/4.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> So the LORD let the Canaanite King Jabin of Hazor conquer Israel. Sisera, the commander of Jabin's army, lived in Harosheth-Ha-Goiim. <a href="/erv/judges/4.htm">English Revised Version</a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/gwt/judges/4.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> So the LORD used King Jabin of Canaan, who ruled at Hazor, to defeat them. The commander of King Jabin's army was Sisera, who lived at Harosheth Haggoyim. <a href="/gnt/judges/4.htm">Good News Translation</a> So the LORD let them be conquered by Jabin, a Canaanite king who ruled in the city of Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived at Harosheth-of-the-Gentiles. <a href="/isv/judges/4.htm">International Standard Version</a> so the LORD turned them over to domination by Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. Sisera, the commanding officer of his army, lived in Harosheth-haggoyim. <a href="/msb/judges/4.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his forces was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. <a href="/net/judges/4.htm">NET Bible</a> The LORD turned them over to King Jabin of Canaan, who ruled in Hazor. The general of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth Haggoyim. <a href="/nheb/judges/4.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> The LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth Haggoyim. <a href="/wbt/judges/4.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan that reigned in Hazor, the captain of whose host was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/web/judges/4.htm">World English Bible</a> Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/judges/4.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and YHWH sells them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who has reigned in Hazor, and Sisera [is] the head of his host, and he is dwelling in Harosheth of the nations; <a href="/ylt/judges/4.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and Jehovah selleth them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who hath reigned in Hazor, and the head of his host is Sisera, and he is dwelling in Harosheth of the Goyim; <a href="/slt/judges/4.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And Jehovah will sell them into the hand of Jabin, king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the captain of his army, Sisera; and he will dwell in Harosheth of the nations:<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/judges/4.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And the Lord delivered them up into the hands of Jaban king of Chanaan, who reigned in Asor: and he had a general of his army named Sisara, and he dwelt in Haroseth of the Gentiles. <a href="/cpdv/judges/4.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And the Lord delivered them into the hands of Jabin, the king of Canaan, who reigned at Hazor. And he had a commander of his army named Sisera, but this man lived at Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/nabre/judges/4.htm">New American Bible</a> So the LORD sold them into the power of the Canaanite king, Jabin, who reigned in Hazor. The general of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-ha-goiim. <a href="/nrsvce/judges/4.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> So the LORD sold them into the hand of King Jabin of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-ha-goiim.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/judges/4.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And the LORD delivered them into the hand of Nabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; the general of whose army was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles. <a href="/hpbt/judges/4.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And LORD JEHOVAH delivered them into the hand of Nabin, King of Canaan, who reigned in Khatsur, and the General of his army was Sisra, and he was dwelling in Kharsheth of the Gentiles<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/judges/4.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And the LORD gave them over into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth-goiim. <a href="/sep/judges/4.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And the Lord sold the children of Israel into the hand of Jabin king of Chanaan, who ruled in Asor; and the chief of his host was Sisara, and he dwelt in Arisoth of the Gentiles. <a href="/parallel/judges/4-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AjzBiIYY2Dc?start=923" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/judges/4.htm">Deborah and Barak</a> 1After Ehud died, the Israelites again did evil in the sight of the LORD. 2<a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">So the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/4376.htm" title="4376: way·yim·kə·rêm (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms:: 3mp) -- To sell. A primitive root; to sell, literally, or figuratively.">sold them</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: bə·yaḏ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">into the hand</a> <a href="/hebrew/2985.htm" title="2985: yā·ḇîn (N-proper-ms) -- One who is intelligent, two Canaanite kings. From biyn; intelligent; Jabin, the name of two Canaanitish kings.">of Jabin</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/3667.htm" title="3667: kə·na·‘an (N-proper-ms) -- From kana'; humiliated; Kenaan, a son a Ham; also the country inhabited by him.">of Canaan,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">who</a> <a href="/hebrew/4427.htm" title="4427: mā·laḵ (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- A primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence to take counsel.">reigned</a> <a href="/hebrew/2674.htm" title="2674: bə·ḥā·ṣō·wr (Prep-b:: N-proper-fs) -- A collective form of chatser; village; Chatsor, the name of two places in Palestine and of one in Arabia.">in Hazor.</a> <a href="/hebrew/8269.htm" title="8269: wə·śar- (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince. From sarar; a head person.">The commander</a> <a href="/hebrew/6635.htm" title="6635: ṣə·ḇā·’ōw (N-csc:: 3ms) -- Or tsbadah; from tsaba'; a mass of persons, especially reg. Organized for war; by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively.">of his forces</a> <a href="/hebrew/5516.htm" title="5516: sî·sə·rā (N-proper-ms) -- Sisera, the name of a Canaanitish king and of one of the Nethinim.">was Sisera,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1931.htm" title="1931: wə·hū (Conj-w:: Pro-3ms) -- He, she, it. ">who</a> <a href="/hebrew/3427.htm" title="3427: yō·wō·šêḇ (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- A primitive root; properly, to sit down; by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry.">lived</a> <a href="/hebrew/2800.htm" title="2800: ba·ḥă·rō·šeṯ (Prep-b:: N-proper-fs) -- A place in Pal. The same as charosheth; Charosheth, a place in Palestine.">in Harosheth-hagoyim.</a> <a href="/hebrew/1471.htm" title="1471: hag·gō·w·yim (N-mp) -- Rarely goy; apparently from the same root as gevah; a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts."></a> 3Then the Israelites cried out to the LORD, because Jabin had nine hundred chariots of iron, and he had harshly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/judges/2-14.htm">Judges 2:14</a> Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He delivered them into the hands of those who plundered them. He sold them into the hands of their enemies all around, whom they were no longer able to resist. <a href="/judges/3-8.htm">Judges 3:8</a> Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He sold them into the hand of Cushan-rishathaim king of Aram-naharaim, and the Israelites served him eight years. <a href="/judges/10-7.htm">Judges 10:7</a> So the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He sold them into the hands of the Philistines and Ammonites, <a href="/1_samuel/12-9.htm">1 Samuel 12:9</a> But they forgot the LORD their God, and He sold them into the hand of Sisera the commander of the army of Hazor, and into the hands of the Philistines and the king of Moab, who fought against them. <a href="/deuteronomy/28-25.htm">Deuteronomy 28:25</a> The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You will march out against them in one direction but flee from them in seven. You will be an object of horror to all the kingdoms of the earth. <a href="/2_kings/13-3.htm">2 Kings 13:3</a> So the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He delivered them continually into the hands of Hazael king of Aram and his son Ben-hadad. <a href="/psalms/106-41.htm">Psalm 106:41</a> He delivered them into the hand of the nations, and those who hated them ruled over them. <a href="/nehemiah/9-27.htm">Nehemiah 9:27</a> So You delivered them into the hands of enemies who oppressed them, and in their time of distress they cried out to You. From heaven You heard them, and in Your great compassion You gave them deliverers who saved them from the hands of their enemies. <a href="/isaiah/10-5.htm">Isaiah 10:5-6</a> Woe to Assyria, the rod of My anger; the staff in their hands is My wrath. / I will send him against a godless nation; I will dispatch him against a people destined for My rage, to take spoils and seize plunder, and to trample them down like clay in the streets. <a href="/jeremiah/25-9.htm">Jeremiah 25:9</a> behold, I will summon all the families of the north, declares the LORD, and I will send for My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, whom I will bring against this land, against its residents, and against all the surrounding nations. So I will devote them to destruction and make them an object of horror and contempt, an everlasting desolation. <a href="/romans/1-24.htm">Romans 1:24</a> Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity for the dishonoring of their bodies with one another. <a href="/romans/1-26.htm">Romans 1:26</a> For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. Even their women exchanged natural relations for unnatural ones. <a href="/romans/1-28.htm">Romans 1:28</a> Furthermore, since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, He gave them up to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done. <a href="/acts/7-42.htm">Acts 7:42</a> But God turned away from them and gave them over to the worship of the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets: ‘Did you bring Me sacrifices and offerings forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel? <a href="/1_corinthians/5-5.htm">1 Corinthians 5:5</a> hand this man over to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved on the Day of the Lord.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelled in Harosheth of the Gentiles.sold<a href="/judges/2-14.htm">Judges 2:14,15</a> And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them, and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies… <a href="/judges/10-7.htm">Judges 10:7</a> And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and he sold them into the hands of the Philistines, and into the hands of the children of Ammon.<a href="/isaiah/50-1.htm">Isaiah 50:1</a> Thus saith the LORD, Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, whom I have put away? or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities have ye sold yourselves, and for your transgressions is your mother put away.It seems to concern only north Israel.<a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Joshua 11:1,10,11</a> And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph, … <a href="/joshua/19-36.htm">Joshua 19:36</a> And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,Sisera<a href="/1_samuel/12-9.htm">1 Samuel 12:9</a> And when they forgat the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.<a href="/psalms/83-9.htm">Psalm 83:9</a> Do unto them as unto the Midianites; as to Sisera, as to Jabin, at the brook of Kison:Harosheth<a href="/judges/4-13.htm">Judges 4:13,16</a> And Sisera gathered together all his chariots, even nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people that were with him, from Harosheth of the Gentiles unto the river of Kishon… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/joshua/11-7.htm">Army</a> <a href="/judges/3-1.htm">Canaan</a> <a href="/joshua/5-15.htm">Captain</a> <a href="/joshua/5-15.htm">Commander</a> <a href="/judges/3-5.htm">Dwelt</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Haggoyim</a> <a href="/judges/3-30.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/judges/3-28.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Harosheth</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Harosheth-Goiim</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Haro'sheth-Ha-Goiim</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Harosheth-Hagoyim</a> <a href="/joshua/19-37.htm">Hazor</a> <a href="/joshua/18-9.htm">Host</a> <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Jabin</a> <a href="/joshua/13-21.htm">Reigned</a> <a href="/joshua/13-12.htm">Ruling</a> <a href="/judges/2-14.htm">Selleth</a> <a href="/psalms/83-9.htm">Sisera</a> <a href="/psalms/83-9.htm">Sis'era</a> <a href="/judges/3-8.htm">Sold</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Army</a> <a href="/judges/4-23.htm">Canaan</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Captain</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Commander</a> <a href="/judges/4-5.htm">Dwelt</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Haggoyim</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/judges/4-13.htm">Harosheth</a> <a href="/judges/4-13.htm">Harosheth-Goiim</a> <a href="/judges/4-16.htm">Haro'sheth-Ha-Goiim</a> <a href="/judges/4-13.htm">Harosheth-Hagoyim</a> <a href="/judges/4-17.htm">Hazor</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Host</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Jabin</a> <a href="/judges/9-22.htm">Reigned</a> <a href="/judges/14-4.htm">Ruling</a> <a href="/judges/10-7.htm">Selleth</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Sisera</a> <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Sis'era</a> <a href="/judges/10-7.htm">Sold</a><div class="vheading2">Judges 4</div>1. <a href="/judges/4-1.htm">Deborah and Barak deliver them from Jabin and Sisera</a> 17. <a href="/judges/4-17.htm">Jael kills Sisera</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/judges/4.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/judges/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/judges/4.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan This phrase indicates a divine judgment upon Israel for their disobedience and idolatry. The concept of the LORD "selling" His people suggests a relinquishing of protection, allowing them to fall under foreign oppression as a consequence of their sin. This is a recurring theme in the Book of Judges, where Israel's cycle of sin leads to subjugation by surrounding nations. Jabin, the king of Canaan, represents a significant threat, as Canaanites were long-standing adversaries of Israel. Historically, Jabin is a dynastic title, and this Jabin is likely a successor to the Jabin defeated by Joshua (<a href="/joshua/11.htm">Joshua 11:1-11</a>). This reflects the persistent struggle between Israel and the Canaanites, emphasizing the consequences of Israel's failure to fully obey God's command to drive out the inhabitants of the land.who reigned in Hazor Hazor was a major Canaanite city, strategically located in northern Israel. Archaeological evidence supports its prominence during the Late Bronze Age, aligning with biblical accounts of its significance. Hazor's ruins reveal a city of considerable size and fortification, underscoring its role as a center of power. The mention of Hazor highlights the formidable nature of Israel's oppressors, as it was a well-fortified city with a history of resistance against Israelite conquest. The city's destruction by Joshua (<a href="/joshua/11-10.htm">Joshua 11:10-13</a>) and its reestablishment by Jabin's dynasty illustrate the cyclical nature of Israel's struggles and the enduring influence of Canaanite culture and religion.The commander of his forces was Sisera Sisera is introduced as the military leader under Jabin, indicating a well-organized and formidable military presence. His role as commander suggests a structured and powerful army, which posed a significant threat to the Israelites. Sisera's mention sets the stage for the subsequent narrative, where his defeat becomes a pivotal moment in Israel's deliverance. The presence of a named commander highlights the personal nature of the conflict and foreshadows the dramatic encounter with Deborah and Barak. Sisera's eventual downfall serves as a testament to God's sovereignty and ability to deliver His people through unexpected means.who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim Harosheth-hagoyim, meaning "woodland of the nations," is identified as Sisera's base of operations. Its location is debated, but it is generally believed to be in the region of the Jezreel Valley, a strategic area for military campaigns. The name suggests a place of mixed populations, possibly indicating a hub of Canaanite and other non-Israelite influences. This setting underscores the cultural and religious challenges faced by Israel, as they were surrounded by diverse and often hostile peoples. The mention of Harosheth-hagoyim emphasizes the entrenched nature of Canaanite power and the complexity of Israel's struggle for faithfulness amidst external pressures.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a> The sovereign God of Israel, who allows His people to face consequences for their disobedience. 2. <a href="/topical/j/jabin,_king_of_canaan.htm">Jabin, King of Canaan</a> A Canaanite king who ruled in Hazor, representing the oppressive force against Israel. 3. <a href="/topical/h/hazor.htm">Hazor</a> A significant Canaanite city, known for its strength and strategic importance. 4. <a href="/topical/s/sisera.htm">Sisera</a> The commander of Jabin's army, known for his military prowess and oppression of Israel. 5. <a href="/topical/h/harosheth-hagoyim.htm">Harosheth-hagoyim</a> The location where Sisera resided, possibly a military stronghold or administrative center.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/c/consequences_of_disobedience.htm">Consequences of Disobedience</a> Just as Israel faced oppression due to their disobedience, we must recognize that turning away from God can lead to spiritual and practical consequences in our lives. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> Even when Israel was oppressed, God remained in control. We can trust that God is sovereign over our circumstances, even when they are difficult. <a href="/topical/r/repentance_and_deliverance.htm">Repentance and Deliverance</a> The cycle of sin and deliverance in Judges reminds us of the importance of repentance. God is always ready to deliver us when we turn back to Him. <a href="/topical/r/role_of_leadership.htm">Role of Leadership</a> The oppression under Jabin and Sisera highlights the impact of leadership. We should pray for and support godly leaders who seek to follow God's will. <a href="/topical/s/spiritual_warfare.htm">Spiritual Warfare</a> Sisera's military might symbolizes the spiritual battles we face. We must rely on God's strength and guidance to overcome the challenges in our lives.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_judges_4.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Judges 4</a> <a href="/q/is_900_iron_chariots_plausible_then.htm">Judges 4:2 mentions 900 iron chariots—how historically plausible is this for that era and region? </a> <a href="/q/who_were_deborah_and_barak_biblically.htm">Who were Deborah and Barak in biblical history?</a> <a href="/q/who_are_the_bible's_prophetesses.htm">Who were the prophetesses mentioned in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/does_evidence_support_hazor's_destruction.htm">Does archaeological evidence support the total destruction of Hazor mentioned in Joshua 11:10–13? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/judges/4.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) Sold them.--See <a href="/judges/2-14.htm" title="And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them, and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies.">Judges 2:14</a>.Jabin.--The name means, "he is wise." It may have been a dynastic name, like Abimelech, Melchizedek, Pharaoh, Hadad, Agag, &c.King of Canaan--i.e., of some great tribe or nation of the Canaanite8. In <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm" title="And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,">Joshua 11:1</a> Jabin is called king of Hazor, and sends messages to all the other Canaanite princes.Reigned in Hazor.--See <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm" title="And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,">Joshua 11:1</a>. Hazor was in the tribe of Naphtali (<a href="/joshua/19-36.htm" title="And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,">Joshua 19:36</a>), and overlooked the waters of Merom (Jos., Antt. v. 5, ? 1). We find from Egyptian inscriptions of Barneses II., &c., that it was a flourishing town in very ancient days. Owing to its importance, it was fortified by Solomon (<a href="/1_kings/9-15.htm" title="And this is the reason of the levy which king Solomon raised; for to build the house of the LORD, and his own house, and Millo, and the wall of Jerusalem, and Hazor, and Megiddo, and Gezer.">1Kings 9:15</a>). Its inhabitants were taken captive by Tiglath-pileser (<a href="/2_kings/15-29.htm" title="In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abelbethmaachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali, and carried them captive to Assyria.">2Kings 15:29</a>); and it is last mentioned in <a href="//apocrypha.org/1_maccabees/9-27.htm" title="So was there a great affliction in Israel, the like whereof was not since the time that a prophet was not seen among them.">1 Maccabees 9:27</a>. (Comp. Jos., Antt. xiii. 5, ? 7.) De Saulcy discovered large and ancient ruins to the north of Merom, which he identifies with this town. The Bishop of Bath and Wells (Lord A. Hervey On the Genealogies, p. 28) has pointed out the strange resemblance between the circumstances of this defeat and that recorded in Joshua 11. In both we have a Jabin, king of Hazor; in both there are subordinate kings (<a href="/judges/5-19.htm" title="The kings came and fought, then fought the kings of Canaan in Taanach by the waters of Megiddo; they took no gain of money.">Judges 5:19</a>; <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm" title="And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,">Joshua 11:1</a>); in both chariots are prominent, which, as we conjecture from <a href="/joshua/11-8.htm" title="And the LORD delivered them into the hand of Israel, who smote them, and chased them to great Zidon, and to Misrephothmaim, and to the valley of Mizpeh eastward; and they smote them, until they left them none remaining.">Joshua 11:8</a>, were burnt at Misrephoth-maim ("burnings by the waters"); and in both the general outline of circumstances is the same, and the same names occur in the list of conquered kings (<a href="/context/joshua/11-21.htm" title="And at that time came Joshua, and cut off the Anakims from the mountains, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, and from all the mountains of Judah, and from all the mountains of Israel: Joshua destroyed them utterly with their cities.">Joshua 11:21-22</a>). This seems to be the reason why Josephus, in his account of the earlier event (Antt. v. 1, ? 18), does not mention either Jabin or Hazor, though strangely enough he says, in both instances, with his usual tendency to exaggeration, that the Canaanites had 300,000 foot, 10,000 horse, and 3,000 chariots. It is again a curious, though it may be an unimportant circumstance, that in <a href="/1_samuel/12-9.htm" title="And when they forgot the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.">1Samuel 12:9</a> the prophet mentions Sisera before Eglon. Of course, if the received view of the chronology be correct, we must make the not impossible supposition, that in the century and a half which is supposed to have elapsed since the death of Joshua, Hazor had risen from its obliteration and its ashes (<a href="/joshua/11-11.htm" title="And they smote all the souls that were therein with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them: there was not any left to breathe: and he burnt Hazor with fire.">Joshua 11:11</a>; Jos., Antt. v. 5, ? 4), under a new Canaanite settlement, governed by a king who adopted the old dynastic name. If, on the other hand, there are chronological indications that the whole period of the Judges must be greatly shortened, we may perhaps suppose that the armies of Joshua and Barak combined the full strength of the central and northern tribes in an attack from different directions, which ended in a common victory. In that case, the different tribal records can only have dwelt on that part of the victory in which they were themselves concerned. It is remarkable that even so conservative a critic as Bishop Wordsworth holds "that some of the judges of Israel were only judges of portions of Canaan, and that the years run parallel to those of other judges in other districts of the same country." If there are difficulties in whatever scheme of chronology we adopt, we must remember the antiquity and the fragmentary nature of the records, which were written with other and far higher views than that of furnishing us with an elaborate consecutive history. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/judges/4.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 2. - Sold them. See <a href="/judges/2-14.htm">Judges 2:14</a>, note. Jabin king of Hazor. The exact site of Hazor has not been identified with certainty, but it is conjectured by Robinson, with great probability, to have stood on the Tell now called Khuraibeh, overlooking the waters of Merom (now called Lake Huleh), where are remains of a sepulchre, Cyclopean walls, and other buildings. In <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Joshua 11:1-14</a> we read of the total destruction by fire of Hazor, and of the slaughter of Jabin, the king thereof, with all the inhabitants of the city, and of the slaughter of all the confederate kings, and the capture of their cities; Hazor, however, "the head of all those kingdoms," being the only one which was "burnt with fire." It is a little surprising, therefore, to read here of another Jabin reigning in Hazor, with confederate kings under him (<a href="/judges/5-19.htm">Judges 5:19</a>), having, like his predecessor, a vast number of chariots (cf. <a href="/judges/4-3.htm">Judges 4:3, 13</a> with <a href="/joshua/11-4.htm">Joshua 11:4, 9</a>), and attacking Israel at the head of a great force (cf. <a href="/judges/4-7.htm">Judges 4:7, 13, 16</a> with <a href="/joshua/11-4.htm">Joshua 11:4</a>). It is impossible not to suspect that these are two accounts of the same event. If, however, the two events are distinct, we must suppose that the Canaanite kingdoms had been revived under a descendant of the former king, that Hazor had been rebuilt, and that Jabin was the hereditary name of its king. Gentiles, or nations, or Goim, as <a href="/joshua/12-23.htm">Joshua 12:23</a>, and <a href="/genesis/14-1.htm">Genesis 14:1</a>. Whether Goim was the proper name of a particular people, or denoted a collection of different tribes, their seat was in Galilee, called in <a href="/isaiah/9-1.htm">Isaiah 9:1</a>; <a href="/matthew/4-15.htm">Matthew 4:15</a>, Galilee, of the nations, or Gentiles, in Hebrew Goim. <a href="/commentaries/judges/4-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>So the LORD יְהוָ֗ה (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel sold them וַיִּמְכְּרֵ֣ם (way·yim·kə·rêm) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4376.htm">Strong's 4376: </a> To sell into the hands בְּיַד֙ (bə·yaḏ) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> A hand of Jabin יָבִ֣ין (yā·ḇîn) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2985.htm">Strong's 2985: </a> Jabin -- 'one who is intelligent', two Canaanite kings king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Canaan, כְּנַ֔עַן (kə·na·‘an) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3667.htm">Strong's 3667: </a> Canaan -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land West of the Jordan who אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that reigned מָלַ֖ךְ (mā·laḵ) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4427.htm">Strong's 4427: </a> To reign, inceptively, to ascend the throne, to induct into royalty, to take counsel in Hazor. בְּחָצ֑וֹר (bə·ḥā·ṣō·wr) Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2674.htm">Strong's 2674: </a> Hazor -- the name of several places in Palestine, also one in Arabia The commander וְשַׂר־ (wə·śar-) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8269.htm">Strong's 8269: </a> Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince of his forces צְבָאוֹ֙ (ṣə·ḇā·’ōw) Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6635.htm">Strong's 6635: </a> A mass of persons, reg, organized for, war, a campaign was Sisera, סִֽיסְרָ֔א (sî·sə·rā) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5516.htm">Strong's 5516: </a> Sisera -- a general of the king of Hazor, also the father of some returning exiles who וְה֥וּא (wə·hū) Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1931.htm">Strong's 1931: </a> He, self, the same, this, that, as, are lived יוֹשֵׁ֖ב (yō·wō·šêḇ) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3427.htm">Strong's 3427: </a> To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry in Harosheth-hagoyim. בַּחֲרֹ֥שֶׁת (ba·ḥă·rō·šeṯ) Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2800.htm">Strong's 2800: </a> Harosheth-hagoyim -- a place in Palestine <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/judges/4-2.htm">Judges 4:2 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/judges/4-2.htm">OT History: Judges 4:2 Yahweh sold them into the hand (Jd Judg. Jdg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/judges/4-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Judges 4:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Judges 4:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/judges/4-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Judges 4:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Judges 4:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>