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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istorija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istorija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istorija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istorija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikacija_i_srodni_jezici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikacija_i_srodni_jezici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Klasifikacija i srodni jezici</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Klasifikacija_i_srodni_jezici-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Klasifikacija i srodni jezici</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Klasifikacija_i_srodni_jezici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Susedni_jezici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Susedni_jezici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Susedni jezici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Susedni_jezici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zvanični_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zvanični_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Zvanični status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zvanični_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dijalekti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dijalekti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Dijalekti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dijalekti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardni_nemački" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardni_nemački"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Standardni nemački</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardni_nemački-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gramatika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gramatika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gramatika</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gramatika-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Gramatika</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gramatika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Promena_imenica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Promena_imenica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Promena imenica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Promena_imenica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Promena_glagola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Promena_glagola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Promena glagola</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Promena_glagola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pisanje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pisanje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pisanje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pisanje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Alfabet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fonologija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Fonologija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fonologija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sličnosti_sa_engleskim_jezikom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sličnosti_sa_engleskim_jezikom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sličnosti sa engleskim jezikom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sličnosti_sa_engleskim_jezikom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primeri_nemačkih_fraza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primeri_nemačkih_fraza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Primeri nemačkih fraza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primeri_nemačkih_fraza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nazivi_za_nemački_jezik_u_drugim_jezicima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nazivi_za_nemački_jezik_u_drugim_jezicima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Nazivi za nemački jezik u drugim jezicima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nazivi_za_nemački_jezik_u_drugim_jezicima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Spoljašnje veze</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rečnici_i_prevođenje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rečnici_i_prevođenje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Rečnici i prevođenje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rečnici_i_prevođenje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gramatika_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gramatika_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Gramatika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gramatika_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Njemački jezik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 265 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-265" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">265 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Агерман бызшәа — Abkazijski" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Агерман бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Jeureuman" title="Bahsa Jeureuman — Ačineski" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Jeureuman" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Ačineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Германыбзэ — Adigejski" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Германыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adigejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%80%E1%88%AD%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%8A%9B" title="ጀርመንኛ — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጀርመንኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C4%93odsc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Þēodsc sprǣc — Staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Þēodsc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الألمانية — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الألمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%93%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܓܪܡܢܝܐ — Armajski" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܓܪܡܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Armajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لألمانية — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لألمانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="لغه المانى — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه المانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="জাৰ্মান ভাষা — Asemijski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাৰ্মান ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asemijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="Герман мацӀ — Avarski" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Герман мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliman_aru" title="Aliman aru — Ajmara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Aliman aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Ajmara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_dili" title="Alman dili — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alman dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آلمان دیلی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلمان دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Немец теле — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Немец теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman — Balinezijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitsche_Sproch" title="Deitsche Sproch — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Deitsche Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuok%C4%ABtiu_kalba" title="Vuokītiu kalba — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vuokītiu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman — Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Jerman" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Aleman" title="Tataramon na Aleman — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Aleman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нямецкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нямецкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немски език — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Немски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Biharski" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Biharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="জার্মান ভাষা — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জার্মান ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="འཇར་མན་སྐད། — Tibetanski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འཇར་མན་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamaneg" title="Alamaneg — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alamaneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Njemački jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Jerman" title="Saro Jerman — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Jerman" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Герман хэлэн — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Герман хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemany" title="Alemany — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alemany" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1ik-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Dáik-ngṳ̄ — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dáik-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Девтойн мотт — Čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Девтойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inaleman" title="Inaleman — Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Inaleman" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%9B%E1%8F%A5_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᏂᏛᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ — Čeroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᏛᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Čeroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%27%C4%97ho%C3%A9seotse" title="Ma'ėhoéseotse — Čejenski" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Ma'ėhoéseotse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Čejenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="زمانی ئەڵمانی — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئەڵمانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca — Korzikanski" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korzikanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_tili" title="Alman tili — Krimeanski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Alman tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimeanski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bm%C4%8Dina" title="Němčina — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Němčina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niemiecczi_j%C3%A3z%C3%ABk" title="Niemiecczi jãzëk — Kašubijanski" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Niemiecczi jãzëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kašubijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%A3%D0%BC%D1%8C%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D1%A9%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Нѣмьчьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ — Staroslovenski" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Нѣмьчьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Staroslovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BC%C4%95%C3%A7_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Нимĕç чĕлхи — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нимĕç чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaeneg" title="Almaeneg — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Almaeneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog) — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tysk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaamani" title="Jaamani — Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Jaamani" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanki" title="Almanki — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Almanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Nimšćina — Niski Sorbijanski" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Nimšćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Niski Sorbijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%A9" title="އަލްމާނީ — Divehijski" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އަލްމާނީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γερμανική γλώσσα — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%C3%A8sch" title="Tedèsch — Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Tedèsch" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germana_lingvo" title="Germana lingvo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Germana lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksa_keel" title="Saksa keel — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksa keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleman" title="Aleman — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aleman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_alemana" title="Lengua alemana — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lengua alemana" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="زبان آلمانی — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان آلمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almankoore" title="Almankoore — Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Almankoore" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_kieli" title="Saksan kieli — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saksan kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%27aksa_kiil" title="S'aksa kiil — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="S'aksa kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BDskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Týskt mál — Farski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Týskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Farski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allemand" title="Allemand — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allemand" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemand" title="Alemand — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Alemand" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tj%C3%BCsch" title="Tjüsch — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tjüsch" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_todescje" title="Lenghe todescje — Friulijski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghe todescje" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAtsk" title="Dútsk — Frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dútsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ghearm%C3%A1inis" title="An Ghearmáinis — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ghearmáinis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="德語 — gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="德語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anlman" title="Anlman — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Anlman" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gearmailtis" title="Gearmailtis — Škotski Galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gearmailtis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Škotski Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_alem%C3%A1" title="Lingua alemá — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua alemá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A4%D9%86" title="آلماني زوؤن — Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آلماني زوؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Alemañañe'ẽ — Gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Alemañañe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman — Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 — Gotski" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="જર્મન ભાષા — Gudžarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જર્મન ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gudžarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanish" title="Germaanish — Manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Germaanish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language — Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet-ng%C3%AE" title="Tet-ngî — hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tet-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_Kelem%C4%81nia" title="ʻŌlelo Kelemānia — Havajski" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo Kelemānia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Havajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="גרמנית — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרמנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_bhasa" title="German bhasa — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="German bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Njemački jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bm%C4%8Dina" title="Němčina — Gornji sorbijski" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Němčina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Gornji sorbijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_alman" title="Lang alman — Haićanski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang alman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9met_nyelv" title="Német nyelv — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Német nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Գերմաներեն — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գերմաներեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Գերմաներէն — Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գերմաներէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_german" title="Lingua german — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua german" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Jereman" title="Jaku Jereman — Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Jereman" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/German" title="German — Interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="German" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Aleman" title="Pagsasao nga Aleman — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Aleman" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Немций мотт — Ingušetski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Немций мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingušetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniana_linguo" title="Germaniana linguo — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Germaniana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%BDska" title="Þýska — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þýska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E8%AA%9E" title="ドイツ語 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドイツ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joerman" title="Joerman — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Joerman" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/dotybau" title="dotybau — Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="dotybau" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ენა — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანული ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemis_tili" title="Nemis tili — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nemis tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Talmant" title="Tutlayt Talmant — Kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt Talmant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Джэрмэныбзэ — Kabardijski" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Джэрмэныбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caama_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Caama kʊnʊŋ — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Caama kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidoitce" title="Kidoitce — Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kidoitce" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman — Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Неміс тілі — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Неміс тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%BA%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="ភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់ — Kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4" title="독일어 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Немеч кыв — komi-permski" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Немеч кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Немец тил — Karačaj-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Немец тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karačaj-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8E%D9%86_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جَرمَن زَبان — Kašmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جَرمَن زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kašmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCtsche_Sprooch" title="Dütsche Sprooch — kelnski" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Dütsche Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kelnski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_alman%C3%AE" title="Zimanê almanî — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê almanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Немеч кыв — Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Немеч кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaynek" title="Almaynek — Korniški" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Almaynek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Korniški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Немис тили — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Немис тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Theodisca" title="Lingua Theodisca — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Theodisca" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_almana" title="Lingua almana — Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua almana" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A4itsch" title="Däitsch — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Däitsch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Немец маз — Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Немец маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Немец чӀал — Lezgian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Немец чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutx_(lingua)" title="Deutx (lingua) — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Deutx (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits — Limburgiš" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_tedesca" title="Lengua tedesca — ligurski" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz_tud%C3%ABsch" title="Lingaz tudësch — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz tudësch" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_todesca" title="Lengua todesca — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua todesca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lial%C3%A9mani" title="Lialémani — Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lialémani" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ — Laoški" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laoški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_kalba" title="Vokiečių kalba — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vokiečių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuoc%C4%AB%C5%A1u_vol%C5%ABda" title="Vuocīšu volūda — Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Vuocīšu volūda" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vācu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Maitili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maitili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman — Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Дойчень кяль — Mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Дойчень кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_alem%C3%A0na" title="Fiteny alemàna — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny alemàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%87_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Немыч йылме — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Немыч йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Tiamana" title="Reo Tiamana — Maorski" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Tiamana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maorski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Jerman" title="Bahaso Jerman — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Jerman" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Германски јазик — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Германски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Герман хэл — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Герман хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ — Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_%C4%A0ermani%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Ġermaniża — Melteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Ġermaniża" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Melteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lh%C3%A9ngua_almana" title="Lhéngua almana — Mirandeški" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhéngua almana" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဂျာမန်ဘာသာစကား — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျာမန်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Немецень кель — Erzija" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Немецень кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آلمانی — mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آلمانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_germanese" title="Lengua germanese — Neapolitanski" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengua germanese" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtsche_Spraak" title="Düütsche Spraak — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Düütsche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts — donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मनेली भाषा — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जर्मनेली भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा — Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk" title="Tysk — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk" title="Tysk — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanum" title="Germanum — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Germanum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allemaund" title="Allemaund — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Allemaund" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane — Severni soto" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Severni soto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_Bich%CA%BCahii_Bizaad" title="Béésh Bichʼahii Bizaad — Navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh Bichʼahii Bizaad" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemand" title="Alemand — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alemand" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germuanien_kieli" title="Germuanien kieli — Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Germuanien kieli" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Немыцаг æвзаг — Osetski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Немыцаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਜਰਮਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਰਮਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salitan_Alemano" title="Salitan Alemano — Pangasinski" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Salitan Alemano" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alem%C3%A1n" title="Alemán — Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Alemán" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemant" title="Alemant — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Alemant" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schtandard-Deitsch" title="Schtandard-Deitsch — Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schtandard-Deitsch" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache — Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jirman" title="Jirman — Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Jirman" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_niemiecki" title="Język niemiecki — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język niemiecki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_ted%C3%ABsca" title="Lenga tedësca — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga tedësca" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جرمن بولی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جرمن بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="جرمني ژبه — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جرمني ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_alem%C3%A3" title="Língua alemã — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua alemã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliman_simi" title="Aliman simi — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aliman simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tudestga" title="Lingua tudestga — Reto-Romanski" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua tudestga" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jermanikani_chib" title="Jermanikani chib — Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Jermanikani chib" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83" title="Limba germană — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba germană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_gherm%C3%A3nesc%C3%A3" title="Limba ghermãnescã — Aromanijski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Limba ghermãnescã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8nga_tedesche" title="Lènga tedesche — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Lènga tedesche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Немецкий язык — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Немецкий язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%97%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Нїмецькый язык — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нїмецькый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikidage" title="Ikidage — Kinjarvanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikidage" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinjarvanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मनभाषा — Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जर्मनभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ньиэмэс тыла — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ньиэмэс тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ — Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_tedesca" title="Limba tedesca — Sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba tedesca" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tidesca" title="Lingua tidesca — Sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua tidesca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_leid" title="German leid — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="German leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="جرمن ٻولي — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جرمن ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duiskkagiella" title="Duiskkagiella — Severni sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Duiskkagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Severni sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Talimant" title="Tutlayt Talimant — tahelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt Talimant" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tahelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ජර්මානු භාෂාව — Singaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජර්මානු භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nem%C4%8Dina" title="Nemčina — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nemčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nem%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Nemščina — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nemščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%CA%BBa_Siamani" title="Faʻa Siamani — Samoanski" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faʻa Siamani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksakiel%C3%A2" title="Saksakielâ — Inari sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Saksakielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chijerumani" title="Chijerumani — Šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chijerumani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_gjermane" title="Gjuha gjermane — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha gjermane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немачки језик — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Немачки језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doysritongo" title="Doysritongo — Srananski tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Doysritongo" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Srananski tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADJalim%C3%A1ne" title="SíJalimáne — Svati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="SíJalimáne" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Svati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane — Sesoto" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sesoto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtsk" title="Düütsk — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Düütsk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_J%C3%A9rman" title="Basa Jérman — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Jérman" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyska" title="Tyska — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tyska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kijerumani" title="Kijerumani — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kijerumani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjymjecko_godka" title="Mjymjecko godka — Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mjymjecko godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="இடாய்ச்சு மொழி — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இடாய்ச்சு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ — Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="జర్మన్ భాష — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జర్మన్ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lia-alemaun" title="Lia-alemaun — Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Lia-alemaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони олмонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ภาษาเยอรมัน — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเยอรมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_dili" title="Alman dili — Turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Alman dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Aleman" title="Wikang Aleman — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Aleman" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almani_zyvon" title="Almani zyvon — Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Almani zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane — Tsvana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tsvana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Jeman" title="Tok Jeman — Tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tok Jeman" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanca" title="Almanca — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Almanca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_tele" title="Alman tele — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Alman tele" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Heremani" title="Reo Heremani — Tahićanski" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Reo Heremani" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Немец дыл — Tuvinijski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Немец дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Немец кыл — Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Немец кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="نېمىس تىلى — Ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نېمىس تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Німецька мова — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Німецька мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جرمن زبان — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمن زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemis_tili" title="Nemis tili — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nemis tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_todesca" title="Łéngua todesca — venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua todesca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_kel%27" title="Saksan kel' — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Saksan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Tiếng Đức — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deut%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Deutänapük — Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Deutänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almand_(lingaedje)" title="Almand (lingaedje) — Valun" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Almand (lingaedje)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inaleman" title="Inaleman — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inaleman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="德语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Немшин келн — Kalmik" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Немшин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiJamani" title="IsiJamani — Khosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IsiJamani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Khosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ნინა — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გერმანული ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9" title="דייטש — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דייטש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Germany" title="Èdè Germany — Jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Germany" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah_Dwzgoz" title="Vah Dwzgoz — Zuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah Dwzgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts — Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ — standardni marokanski tamazigt" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standardni marokanski tamazigt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="德语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="德語 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="德語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tek-g%C3%AD" title="Tek-gí — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tek-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" title="德文 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="德文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiJalimani" title="IsiJalimani — Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiJalimani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&oldid=42220141" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&id=42220141&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNjema%25C4%258Dki_jezik"><span>Skrati URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNjema%25C4%258Dki_jezik"><span>Preuzmi QR kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Štampanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Njema%C4%8Dki+jezik"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:German_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1430" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188" title="Pogledajte povezanu stavku u skladištu podataka [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodacima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Preusmjereno sa stranice <a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Njemački">Njemački</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:300px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:90%; line-height:1.5;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center" colspan="2" style="background: lawngreen;"><big><b>Nemački jezik</b></big><br /><small>Deutsch ili deutsche Sprache</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Države govorenja </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemačka">Nemačka</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austrija</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vajcarska" class="mw-redirect" title="Švajcarska">Švajcarska</a><br />i u 38 drugih država. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Regije govorenja </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evropa</a> i <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Broj govornika </td> <td>maternji: 128 miliona, drugi: 18 miliona </td></tr> <tr> <td width="65%" align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Rang </td> <td>11. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Klasifikacija </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indoevropski_jezici" title="Indoevropski jezici">Indoevropski jezici</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici">Germanski jezici</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zapadnogermanski_jezici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zapadnogermanski jezici (stranica ne postoji)">Zapadnogermanski jezici</a> <ul><li>Nemački jezik</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="2" style="background: lawngreen;">Službeni status </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Služben u </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austrija</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgija</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačka</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vajcarska" class="mw-redirect" title="Švajcarska">Švajcarska</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Evropska_unija" title="Evropska unija">Evropska unija</a> (služebni i oficijalni jezik) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">Regulatori </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="2" style="background: lawngreen;">Jezični kôd </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1 </td> <td>de </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">ISO 639-2 </td> <td>deu/ger </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef">ISO 639-3 </td> <td>deu </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="#efefef"><a href="/wiki/SIL_kod" class="mw-redirect" title="SIL kod">SIL</a> </td> <td>GER </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="2" style="background: lawngreen;"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="float:none;vertical-align: top; padding:0; font-size:95%; text-align:center;"> <table style="background:transparent; width:99.9%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="98%" style="padding:.2em;background-color:#ecf9ed;border:0;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; color: #000; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Jezik" title="Šablon:Jezik"><span title="Pogledaj ovaj šablon">p</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Jezik" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Jezik"><span title="Razgovor o ovom šablonu">r</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Jezik&action=edit"><span style="color: #002bb8;" title="Možete da uredite ovaj šablon.">u</span></a></div> </td> <td width="1%" style="padding:.2em;background-color:#ecf9ed;border:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Infokutija" title="Wikipedija:Infokutija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </th></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/220px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/330px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/440px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/220px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/330px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/440px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nemački jezik</b> (<a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>deutsche Sprache</i>), je jedan od jezika zapadne grupe <a href="/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici">germanskih jezika</a> i spada među najveće svetske <a href="/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik">jezike</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Many_tongues,_one_family_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Many_tongues,_one_family-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To je maternji jezik najvećeg broja stanovnika <a href="/wiki/Evropska_unija" title="Evropska unija">Evropske unije</a>. </p><p>Nemačkim jezikom se govori u Nemačkoj, Austriji, Lihtenštajnu, u dve trećine Švajcarske, u dve trećine provincije Južni Tirol u <a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Italiji</a>, istočnim kantonima <a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgije</a> i u pograničnim delovima <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Danske</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-goethe1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goethe1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sdsu_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdsu-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburgu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Luxemburg</i>), kao i u francuskim oblastima <a href="/wiki/Alzas" class="mw-redirect" title="Alzas">Alzas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Elsass</i>) i <a href="/wiki/Lorena" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorena">Lorena</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Lothringen</i>), starosedeoci ovih oblasti govore različitim nemačkim dijalektima, dok je deo stanovništva ovladao standardnim nemačkim (posebno u Luksemburgu), mada je u Alzasu i Lorenu <a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuski jezik</a> potisnuo nemački u poslednjih četrdeset godina. </p><p>Male zajednice koje govore nemačkim jezikom opstale su u <a href="/wiki/Rumunija" title="Rumunija">Rumuniji</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ka" title="Češka">Češkoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arska" title="Mađarska">Mađarskoj</a>, posebno <a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan">Kazahstanu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljskoj</a>, mada su masivne emigracije stanovništva nemačkog porekla iz ovih zemalja u Nemačku smanjile broj govornika u ovim zajednicama. </p><p>Van <a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evrope</a>, najveće zajednice u kojima se govori nemački jezik nalaze se u <a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Ameri%C4%8Dke_Dr%C5%BEave" title="Sjedinjene Američke Države">Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama</a> (u državama <a href="/wiki/Severna_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Severna Dakota">Severnoj</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Dakota" title="Južna Dakota">Južnoj Dakoti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viskonsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Viskonsin">Viskonsinu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Indijana" class="mw-redirect" title="Indijana">Indijani</a>; u <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilu</a> (oblasti Rio Grande do Sul, gde je nastao <a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Riograndenser Hunsrückisch</i>, Sveta Katarina, Parana i Espirito Santo), u koje je migriralo milione Nemaca u zadnjih dvesta godina; ali većina njihovih potomaka ne govori nemački. </p><p>Zajednice u kojima se govori nemački se mogu takođe naći u bivšoj nemačkoj koloniji <a href="/wiki/Namibija" title="Namibija">Namibiji</a>, kao i drugim zemljama u koje su emigrirali Nemci, kao npr. <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meksiko" title="Meksiko">Meksiko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paragvaj" title="Paragvaj">Paragvaj</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cile" title="Čile">Čile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venecuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Venecuela">Venecuela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajland" title="Tajland">Tajland</a> i <a href="/wiki/Australija" title="Australija">Australija</a>. </p><p>Nemački jezik je maternji jezik oko sto miliona ljudi u Evropi (podaci iz 2004),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> odnosno maternji je jezik 13,3% Evropljana, što ga čini jezikom kojim se služi najviše govornika u Evropi bez Rusije, više od francuskog jezika (66,5 miliona govornika 2004) i engleskog jezika (64.2 miliona govornika 2004). Nemački je treći jezik po broju onih koji ga uče u školama, drugi po broju onih koji ga uče u Evropi, i treći u SAD (posle španskog i francuskog). Nemački je jedan od zvaničnih jezika Evropske unije, gde je treći jezik po broju onih koji ga uče (odmah posle francuskog). </p><p>Standardni nemački jezik nije nastao iz nekog dijalekta, već su ga osmislili pesnici, filozofi i drugi obrazovaniji ljudi. U <a href="/wiki/16._vek" class="mw-redirect" title="16. vek">16. veku</a> Martin Luter je preveo <a href="/wiki/Biblija" title="Biblija">Bibliju</a> na nemački, svesno spajajući karakteristike različitih dijalekata. Želeo je da što veći broj ljudi razume prevod. </p><p>Sa <a href="/wiki/Johan_Volfgang_Gete" class="mw-redirect" title="Johan Volfgang Gete">Geteom</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fridrih_%C5%A0iler" class="mw-redirect" title="Fridrih Šiler">Šilerom</a> u <a href="/wiki/18._vek" class="mw-redirect" title="18. vek">18. veku</a> na vrhuncu je bila standardizacija nemačkog jezika. Sa više od 120 miliona govornika u 38 zemalja sveta, nije začuđujuće da se razlikuje upotreba nemačkog jezika. Kao i engleski, i nemački jezik je pluricentričan i sa tri glavna centra u kojima se koristi: Austriji, Nemačkoj i Švajcarskoj. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorija">Istorija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istorija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zbog premeštanja stanovništva, zbog puteva komunikacija i trgovine (uglavnom reka), izolovanosti (visokih planina i nepreglednih šuma) razvili su se različiti dijalekti nemačkog jezika. Ovi dijalekti, ponekad međusobno i nerazumljivi, korišćeni su u Svetom Rimskom carstvu. </p><p>Kako je Nemačka bilo podeljena na mnogo država, jedino što je podsticalo standardizaciju nemačkog jezika je želja pisaca da ih što veći broj ljudi razume. </p><p>Kada je <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luter" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Luter">Martin Luter</a> preveo <a href="/wiki/Biblija" title="Biblija">Bibliju</a> (Novi zavet 1521, Stari zavet 1534), svoj prevod je uglavnom bazirao na već razvijenom jeziku, koji je u to vreme bio najrazumljiviji jezik. Ovaj jezik je bio zasnovan na severoistočnim i dijalektima srednje Nemačke (okolina <a href="/wiki/Hanover" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanover">Hanovera</a>) i sačuvao je puno od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Srednjevisokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srednjevisokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">srednjevisokonemačkog</a>, (za razliku od dijalekata srednje i severne Nemačke u kojima je genitiv već počeo da nestaje). U početku, uz svaku Bibliju dolazila je i lista reči koje nisu poznate u tom dijalektu i njihov prevod. Katolici su u početku odbijali Luterov prevod i pokušali su da stvore sopstveni katolički standard (<i>Gemeines Deutsch</i>) - koji se od „protestantskog Nemačkog“ razlikovao u sitnim detaljima. Tek je sredinom 18. veka, stvoren standard koji je dobro prihvaćen, čime se završio period <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panonovovisokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panonovovisokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">ranonovovisokonemačkog</a>. </p><p>Nemački je bio jezik trgovine i vlasti u <a href="/wiki/Habzbur%C5%A1ka_monarhija" class="mw-redirect" title="Habzburška monarhija">Habzburškom carstvu</a>, koje je okruživalo velike površine centralne i istočne Evrope. Do sredine <a href="/wiki/19._vek" class="mw-redirect" title="19. vek">19. veka</a> bio je to jezik ljudi iz gradova u najvećem delu carstva. Znanje nemačkog je značilo da je govornik bio trgovac, urbani čovek, a ne njegovu nacionalnost. Neki gradovi, poput <a href="/wiki/Prag" title="Prag">Praga</a> i <a href="/wiki/Budimpe%C5%A1ta" title="Budimpešta">Budimpešte</a> (<a href="/wiki/Budim" title="Budim">Budim</a>), su postepeno bili <a href="/wiki/Germanizacija" title="Germanizacija">germanizovani</a> u godinama nakon njihovog ulaska pod habzburšku vlast. Drugi, poput <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislave</a>, su prvobitno naseljeni tokom habzburškog perioda i bili su primarno nemački u to vreme. Nekoliko gradova, kao što je <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a> su ostali prvobitno ne-nemački. Međutim, većina gradova su bili primarno nemački u ovom periodu, kao što su Budimpešta, Bratislava, <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>, iako su bili okruženi teritorijama u kojima su se govorili drugi jezici. </p><p>Otprilike do <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800</a>, standardni nemački je bio gotovo jedino pisani jezik. U ovom periodu, ljudi u urbanim krajevima severne Nemačke, koji su govorili dijalektima koji su se značajno razlikovali od standardnog nemačkog, učili su ga gotovo kao strani jezik i trudili se da ga izgovaraju što je sličnije moguće onome šta je napisano. Propisane smernice za izgovor su običavale da smatraju severno-nemački izgovor standardom. Ipak, stvarni izgovor standardnog nemačkog varira od regiona do regiona. </p><p>Mediji i štampana dela su gotovo uvek na standardnom nemačkom (<a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Hochdeutsch</i>), koji razumeju u svim teritorijama na kojima se govore nemački jezici (sa izuzetkom predškolske dece u zonama u kojima se govore samo dijalekti - na primer <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vajcarska" class="mw-redirect" title="Švajcarska">Švajcarska</a> — ali u eri televizije čak i predškolska deca nauče standardni nemački još pre polaska u školu). </p><p>Prvi rečnik braće Grim, koji se sastoji iz 16 delova objavljivanih između 1852 i 1960, je najsveobuhvatniji rečnik nemačkog. 1860. godine, gramatika i pravopis su se prvi put pojavili u Dudenovom priručniku. 1901, ovo je proglašeno standardnom definicijom nemačkog jezika. Zvanične izmene su učinjene tek 1998. godine, kada je nemačka pravopisna reforma stupila na snagu u svim zemljama u kojima se govori nemački. Od tada je pravopis nemačkog u tranziciji, sa obavezom da se u roku od osam godina pređe na novi pravopis. Pošto su obrazovanje i kultura, po nemačkom zakonu u nadležnosti nemačkih pokrajina, razlike u pogledima na pravopisnu reformu i dalje usporavaju sprovođenje te reforme. </p><p>Tokom sedamdesetih godina XIX veka, nemački jezik je potisnuo latinski na svim glavnim evropskim i američkim univerzitetima tog doba. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1921)"><img alt="Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1921)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png/103px-Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png/155px-Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png/206px-Vojvodina_languages1921-sr.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1164" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1921)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1931)"><img alt="Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1931)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png/109px-Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png" decoding="async" width="109" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png/164px-Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png/218px-Vojvodina_languages1931-sr.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nemački jezik u Vojvodini (popis iz 1931)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikacija_i_srodni_jezici">Klasifikacija i srodni jezici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Klasifikacija i srodni jezici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Klasifikacija i srodni jezici"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nemački je član zapadno-germanske grane germanskih jezika, koji je član <a href="/wiki/Indoevropski_jezici" title="Indoevropski jezici">indoevropske porodice jezika</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Susedni_jezici">Susedni jezici</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Susedni jezici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Susedni jezici"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nemački jezik, zajedno sa danskim kao svojim najbližim rođakom, formira čvrst i dobro definisan jezički region, koji je od drugih jezika odvojen jezičkim granicama. Njegovi susedi su: na severu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frizijski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frizijski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">frizijski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Danski_jezik" title="Danski jezik">danski jezik</a>; na istoku <a href="/wiki/Poljski_jezik" title="Poljski jezik">poljski jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gornjolu%C5%BEi%C4%8Dkosrpski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gornjolužičkosrpski jezik">gornjolužičkosrpski jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donjolu%C5%BEi%C4%8Dkosrpski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Donjolužičkosrpski jezik">donjolužičkosrpski jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Češki jezik">češki jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Slovački jezik">slovački jezik</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arski_jezik" title="Mađarski jezik">mađarski jezik</a>; na jugu <a href="/wiki/Slovena%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovenački jezik">slovenački jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italijanski_jezik" title="Italijanski jezik">italijanski jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Furlanski_jezik" title="Furlanski jezik">friulski jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ladinski_jezik" title="Ladinski jezik">ladinski jezik</a> i <a href="/wiki/Retoromanski_jezici" title="Retoromanski jezici">retoromanski jezik</a>; na zapadu <a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuski jezik</a>. Sem frizijskog, nijedan od ovih jezika nije iz zapadnogermanske grupe, tako da se jasno razlikuju od nemačkog i holandskog. Iako je frizijski u bliskoj vezi sa nemačkim i holandskim, oni nisu međusobno razumljivi. </p><p>Situacija je složenija kada se uzme u vidu odnos između nemačkog i holandskog. Do skora, kroz ceo prostor na kome se govori nemačkim postojala je jezička neprekidnost (kontinuum), bez jezičkih granica. Na takvom prostoru, svaki dijalekt je razumljiv sa njegovim susedom, ali dijalekti koji su fizički udaljeni često nisu međusobno razumljivi. Nemačko-holandski kontinuum se deli na dve grupe dijalekata: <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemački</a> (germanski) i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački jezik (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemački</a> (germanski) varijetet, prema tome da li se u njima javila promena suglasnika; holandski je deo dijalekata <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkog</a>. Iz političkih razloga, Nemački i Holandski dijalekti počeli su da divergiraju tokom XX veka. Takođe, u Nemačkoj i Holandiji, neki dijalekti su blizu izumiranja, jer su ih zamenili standardni nemački, odnosno holandski. Zbog toga, u toku je formiranje jezičke granice između Nemačke i Holandije. </p><p>Dok je nemački jezik na mnogo načina sličan holandskom, veoma se razlikuju u izgovoru. Govorniku jedne zemlje bi bila potrebna vežba da bi naučio da razume govornika druge zemlje. Uporedite, npr: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Holandski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Holandski jezik">hol.</a> <i>De kleinste kameleon is volwassen 2 cm groot, de grootste kan wel 80 cm worden.</i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">nem.</a> <i>Das kleinste Chamäleon ist ausgewachsen 2 cm groß, das größte kann gut 80 cm werden.</i></dd> <dd><i>Najmanji kameleon, koji je potpuno odrastao, je dug 2 cm, a najveći može lako da dostigne dužinu od 80 cm.</i></dd></dl> <p>Holanđani uglavnom mogu da razumeju pisani nemački, a Nemci koji govore <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkim</a> uglavnom mogu da razumeju pisani holandski, ali imaju problema da razumeju govorni jezik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zvanični_status"><span id="Zvani.C4.8Dni_status"></span>Zvanični status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Zvanični status" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zvanični status"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Standardni nemački je zvanični jezik u <a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemačka">Nemačkoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" class="mw-redirect" title="Lihtenštajn">Lihtenštajnu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austriji</a>; jedan je od zvaničnih jezika <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vajcarska" class="mw-redirect" title="Švajcarska">Švajcarske</a> (zajedno sa <a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuskim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italijanski_jezik" title="Italijanski jezik">italijanskim</a> i <a href="/wiki/Retoromanski_jezici" title="Retoromanski jezici">retoromanskim</a> jezikom) i <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburga</a> (zajedno sa francuskim i <a href="/wiki/Luksembur%C5%A1ki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Luksemburški jezik">luksemburškim</a> jezikom). Koristi se kao lokalni zvanični jezik i regionima gde se govori nemački u <a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Italiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Danskoj</a> i <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljskoj</a>. Nemački je jedan od 24 zvaničnih jezika <a href="/wiki/Evropska_unija" title="Evropska unija">Evropske unije</a>. </p><p>Nemački jezik je takođe manjinski jezik u <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanadi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan">Kazahstanu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tad%C5%BEikistan" title="Tadžikistan">Tadžikistanu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rumunija" title="Rumunija">Rumuniji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerunu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Ameri%C4%8Dke_Dr%C5%BEave" title="Sjedinjene Američke Države">Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namibija" title="Namibija">Namibiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paragvaj" title="Paragvaj">Paragvaju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arska" title="Mađarska">Mađarskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ka" title="Češka">Češkoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dka" title="Slovačka">Slovačkoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holandija" class="mw-redirect" title="Holandija">Holandiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenija" title="Slovenija">Sloveniji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina">Ukrajini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska" title="Hrvatska">Hrvatskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldavija" title="Moldavija">Moldaviji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australija" title="Australija">Australiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Letonija" class="mw-redirect" title="Letonija">Letoniji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonija" title="Estonija">Estoniji</a> i <a href="/wiki/Litvanija" title="Litvanija">Litvaniji</a>. </p><p>Nemački je nekad bio <i><a href="/wiki/Lingva_franka" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingva franka">lingua franca</a></i> srednje, istočne i severne Evrope. Uticaji iz engleskog su se u nemačkom tek skoro počeli osećati. Međutim, nemački je među najpopularnijim jezicima u svetu, i drugi po popularnosti u Evropi. 38% svih Evropljana tvrdi da mogu da se sporazumeju na nemačkom (ne uključujući ljude čiji je maternji jezik nemački). U Poljskoj, na primer, lakše je naći nekog ko dobro govori nemački nego engleski, što se može objasniti velikim prisustvom nemačkih medija na tom prostoru. </p><p>Nemački je drugi jezik po zastupljenosti na <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internetu</a>, više od 8% veb-sajtova je na nemačkom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dijalekti">Dijalekti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Dijalekti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dijalekti"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izraz „nemački“ koristi se za dijalekte Nemačke, Austrije, dela Švajcarske i nekih susednih zemalja, kao i za govore kolonija i etničkih grupa koje su osnovali Nemci (npr. Nemački u SAD). </p><p>Razlike među nemačkim dijalektima su značajne. Samo su susedni dijalekti međusobno razumljivi. Za govornika standardnog nemačkog (nem. <i>Hochdeutsch</i>), većina dijalekata nije razumljiva. </p><p>Nemački dijalekti se dele na "<a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemački</a>" i "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački jezik (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemački</a>". Da li su oni različiti jezici, ne postoji tačan odgovor; međutim, tačno je da formiraju dijalektski kontinuum gde je svaki dijalekt u tesnoj vezi sa susednim dijalektom, bez obzira da li se radi o <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkom</a> ili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački jezik (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemačkom</a>. </p><p>Govornici srpskog jezika mogli bi da budu zavarani nazivima ova dva varijeteta i da pomisle da su nazive dobili prema nekoj vrsti socijalnog vrednovanja tih <a href="/wiki/Idiom" title="Idiom">idioma</a>, gde bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački jezik (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemački</a> imao neku „prednost“ nad <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkim</a>. To ne može biti dalje od istine. Nazivi ova dva varijeteta nastali su prema njihovoj geografskoj distribuciji: <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemački jezik</a> govori se na severnoj polovini Nemačke, koja je sama <a href="/wiki/Ravnica" title="Ravnica">ravnica</a>, dakle - nizak teren. A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački jezik (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemački jezik</a> govori se na jugu Nemačke i u Austriji, gde su uglavnom brda i planine, dakle - visok teren. Ukoliko i postoji neko socijalno vrednovanje ovih varijeteta, prednost će uvek biti data <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkom</a> - mada treba imati na umu da kod Nemaca, Švajcaraca i Austrijanaca to vrednovanje nije izraženo kao npr. kod govornika srpskog ili engleskog jezika (najčešće se svako, uključujući: pisce, političare, javne ličnosti, profesore, itd, uvek služi svojim rodnim dijalektom i ponosan je na njega). </p><p>U dijalektima <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">niskonemačkog</a> nije izvršena zamena suglasnika kao u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemačkom</a>. <a href="/wiki/Niskonema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Niskonemački jezik">Niskonemački jezik</a> se deli na dve grupe: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niskofrana%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niskofranački (stranica ne postoji)">niskofranački</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niskosaksonski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niskosaksonski (stranica ne postoji)">niskosaksonski</a>. Niskofranački se sastoji iz holandskog jezika i flamanskog jezika, kojim se govori u Holandiji i Belgiji; niskosaksonski se sastoji iz dijalekata kojima se govori u nemačkim ravnicama i u istočnoj Holandiji. Vidi <a href="#Susedni_jezici">gore</a> za razliku između nemačkog i holandskog. </p><p>Dijalekti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemačkog</a> dele se na centralni nemački jezik i gornji nemački jezik. Središnji nemački dijalekti uključuju: <a href="/wiki/Rajna" title="Rajna">rajnski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">luksemburški</a>, mozel-<a href="/wiki/Frankonija" title="Frankonija">frankonski</a>, rajnskofrankonski, <a href="/wiki/Hesen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hesen">hesenski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiringija" title="Tiringija">tirinški</a> i gornje<a href="/wiki/Saksonija" title="Saksonija">saksonski</a>, i njime se govori u severnoistočnoj Holandiji, istočnoj Belgiji, Luksemburgu, delovima Francuske, i u nemačkoj između reke Majne i severnih nizija. Standardni nemački se uglavnom zasniva na dijalektima srednje Nemačke. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">Visokonemački</a> dijalekti uključuju alemanski jezik (na primer švajcarski nemački - nem. <i>schwizedeutsch</i>), švapski (nem. <i>schwäbisch</i>), istočno frankonski (nem. <i>fränkisch</i>), austro-bavarski (nem. <i>bayerisch</i>) jezik. Njima se govori u Alzasu, južnoj Nemačkoj, Lihtenštajnu, Austriji i u delovima Švajcarske gde se koristi nemački, kao i Italije. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">Visokonemački</a> kojim govore Jevreji Aškenazi (uglavnom u bivšem Sovjetskom Savezu) imaju nekoliko jedinstvenih crta, i uglavnom se smatraju zasebnim jezicima (Jidiš). </p><p>Dijalekti nemačkog kojima se govorilo u kolonijama liče na dijalekte nemačkog kojima govore/su govorili Nemci koji su tu došli (npr. pensilvanijski nemački liči na dijalekt nemačkog zvan palatinski). </p><p>U SAD, druga generacija imigranata stvorila je nov varijetet koji je kobinacija nemačkog jezika sa gramatikom i pravopisnim pravilima engleskog. On uglavnom nije razumljiv ni za jedne, ni za druge. Govornici ga nazivaju „američki nemački“ (nem. <i>Amerikanischdeutsch</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardni_nemački"><span id="Standardni_nema.C4.8Dki"></span>Standardni nemački</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Standardni nemački" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Standardni nemački"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg/250px-Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg/375px-Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg/500px-Welcome_to_bulevar01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption>Dobrodošli na <a href="/wiki/Bulevar_oslobo%C4%91enja_(Novi_Sad)" title="Bulevar oslobođenja (Novi Sad)">Bulevar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a> (bilbord dobrodošlice na nemačkom jeziku na Bulevaru u Novom Sadu, postavljen tokom muzičkog festivala <a href="/wiki/Egzit" class="mw-redirect" title="Egzit">EXIT 2010</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Nemačka lingvistika dijalektima naziva samo regionalne varijetete, ne i varijetete standardnog nemačkog. </p><p>Standardni nemački je nastao ne kao dijalekt nekog posebnog regiona, već kao pisani jezik. Međutim, na nekim mestima je standardni nemački potisnuo dijalekte (posebno u velikim gradovima Nemačke i Austrije) </p><p>Standardni nemački se razlikuje po regionima, naročito među zemljama u kojima je on zvaničan jezik, u rečniku, malo u izgovoru, pa čak i gramatici. Ove razlike ne treba mešati sa razlikama u dijalektima. Iako su dijalekti u maloj meri uticali na standardni Nemački, oni se veoma razlikuju. Nemački jezik se stoga smatra pluricentričnim jezikom. </p><p>U većini oblasti, govornici koriste mešavinu jezika (dijalekte kao i standardni nemački), zavisno od situacije. </p><p>U Švajcarskoj se, naprotiv, retko koriste mešavine standardnog nemačkog i dijalekta, i standardni nemački se skoro isključivo koristi kao pisani jezik. Ovakvo stanje naziva se diglosija. Standardnim nemačkim se retko govori, npr. sa govornikom koji ne razume švajcarske dijalekte, a očekuje se da se koristi u školi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gramatika">Gramatika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Gramatika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Gramatika"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gramatika_nema%C4%8Dkog_jezika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gramatika nemačkog jezika (stranica ne postoji)">Gramatika nemačkog jezika</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Nemački je infleksijski jezik - što znači da se odnosi među rečeničkim elementima iskazuju promenom reči, odnosno dodavanjem nastavaka (nastavci za padež, nastavci za broj, nastavci za vreme za glagole ...). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Promena_imenica">Promena imenica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Promena imenica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Promena imenica"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nemačke imenice spadaju u: </p> <ul><li>jednu od tri deklinacije</li> <li>jedan od tri roda: srednji, ženski i muški. Završetak reči može da da informaciju o rodu; za većinu imenica rod ne zavisi od nastavka (za razliku od srpskog, gde su imenice koje se završavaju suglasnikom muškog roda, sa -a ženskog, a sa -o i -e srednjeg)</li> <li>dva broja: jedninu i množinu (neki jezici imaju i dvojinu, npr. staroslovenski)</li> <li>četiri padeža: nominativ, genitiv, dativ i akuzativ (sa sličnim značenjem kao i u srpskom jeziku)</li></ul> <p>Iako je nemački infleksijski jezik, u odnosu na staronemački ili islandski, broj nastavaka je znatno manji. Tri roda nestaju u množini, koji se ponaša kao četvrti rod. Sa četiri padeža i tri roda i množinom, postoji ukupno 16 kombinacija padeža i roda/broja. Dodavanje nastavaka na imenice je obavezno za genitiv muškog i srednjeg roda, ali ne za ženski rod ili množinu. Sa druge strane, nastavak je obavezan u dativu množine. Postoje i nastavci za dativ muškog i srednjeg roda, ali se vrlo retko sreću, čak ređe nego što se npr. aorist koristi u standardnom srpskom jeziku kada bi trebalo (uglavnom se menja perfektom). </p><p>Nemački pravopis, za razliku od drugih, zahteva pisanje imenica velikim slovom, čak iako nisu na početku reči. </p><p>Kod nemačke složenice, levi delovi reči modifikuju značenje desnih, npr. <i>Regenschirm</i> (srp. kišobran). Za razliku od srpskog gde se složenice sa većim brojem reči pišu odvojeno (stoga i nemamo utisak da su složenice), u nemačkom se one pišu sastavljeno, npr. <i>Hundehütte</i> (srp. kućica za pse). </p><p>Najduža zvanična reč u nemačkom jeziku je <i>Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz</i> (Zakon o dužnostima izaslanstva i nadgledanja za obeležavanje stoke i goveda). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Promena_glagola">Promena glagola</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Promena glagola" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Promena glagola"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nemački glagoli se menjaju prema: </p> <ul><li>jednoj od dve konjugacije, slaboj i jakoj. Postoji oko 200 glagola koji se nepravilno menjaju.</li> <li>tri lica: prvom, drugom i trećem</li> <li>dva broja: jednini i množini</li> <li>četiri načina: indikativ, konjunktiv, kondicional i imperativ</li> <li>dva roda: aktiv i pasiv; pasiv se deli na statički i dinamički.</li> <li>dva prosta vremena (prezent, preterit) i 4 složena vremena (perfekt, pluskvamperfekt, futur, futur II)</li></ul> <p>Takođe postoje brojni načini da se proširi značenje osnovnog glagola korišćenjem više prefiksa. </p><p>Red reči je znatno fleksibilniji nego na primer u engleskom. Red reči se može menjati zarad suptilnih promena značenja rečenice. </p><p>Najveći deo fonda reči nemačkog jezika potiče iz germanske grane <a href="/wiki/Indoevropski_jezici" title="Indoevropski jezici">Indoevropske porodice jezika</a>, mada nije zanemarljiv broj reči poreklom iz <a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">latinskog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuskog</a>, a skorije i iz <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engleskog</a> jezika. Reči slovenskog porekla je malo; primer: Grenze (granica) i Palatschinken (palačinke). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pisanje">Pisanje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Pisanje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Pisanje"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nemački jezik je pisan latiničnim alfabetom, pored standardnih 26 latiničnih znakova, nemački poseduje tri samoglasnika sa preglasima (umlautima): <i>ä</i>, <i>ö</i> i <i>ü</i>, kao i poseban znak za "ss" (<i>ß</i>), koji se koristi posle dugih samoglasnika i diftonga (koji se ne koristi u Švajcarskoj). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alfabet">Alfabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Alfabet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Alfabet"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dka_abeceda" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemačka abeceda">Nemačka abeceda</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonologija">Fonologija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Fonologija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Fonologija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fonologija_nema%C4%8Dkog_jezika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fonologija nemačkog jezika (stranica ne postoji)">Fonologija nemačkog jezika</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sličnosti_sa_engleskim_jezikom"><span id="Sli.C4.8Dnosti_sa_engleskim_jezikom"></span>Sličnosti sa engleskim jezikom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odjeljak Sličnosti sa engleskim jezikom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Sličnosti sa engleskim jezikom"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Postoji mnogo reči koje su po obliku i značenju slične engleskom. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#FFDEAD"> <th><b>Nemačka reč</b> </th> <th>Značenje </th> <th>Engleska reč koja joj je slična i znači isto </th></tr> <tr> <td>best</td> <td>najbolji</td> <td>best </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bett</td> <td>krevet</td> <td>bed </td></tr> <tr> <td>Finger</td> <td>prst</td> <td>finger </td></tr> <tr> <td>haben</td> <td>imati</td> <td>to have </td></tr> <tr> <td>Haus</td> <td>kuća</td> <td>house </td></tr> <tr> <td>Katze</td> <td>mačka</td> <td>cat </td></tr> <tr> <td>lachen</td> <td>smejati se</td> <td>to laugh </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nacht</td> <td>noć</td> <td>night </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rohr</td> <td>cev</td> <td>pipe </td></tr> <tr> <td>Schiff</td> <td>brod</td> <td>ship </td></tr> <tr> <td>singen, sang, gesungen</td> <td>pevati, pevaše, otpevati</td> <td>sing, sang, sung </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tag</td> <td>dan</td> <td>day </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wetter</td> <td>vreme (meteorološko)</td> <td>weather </td></tr> <tr> <td>wollen</td> <td>hteti</td> <td>will </td></tr> <tr> <td>Winter</td> <td>zima</td> <td>winter </td></tr> <tr> <td>Buch</td> <td>knjiga</td> <td>Book </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ako se ove reči razlikuju u ponekom suglasniku, to je zbog zamene suglasnika koja se dogodila u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visokonema%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visokonemački (stranica ne postoji)">visokonemačkom</a>. </p><p>Postoje reči koje su po obliku slične onima u engleskom jeziku, ali razlikuju se u značenju. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#FFDEAD"> <th><b>Nemačka reč</b> </th> <th>Značenje </th> <th>Engleska reč koja joj je slična, a znači različito </th> <th>Prevod </th></tr> <tr> <td>Dogge</td> <td>doga</td> <td>dog</td> <td>pas </td></tr> <tr> <td>drehen</td> <td>okretati</td> <td>to throw</td> <td>baciti </td></tr> <tr> <td>ernten</td> <td>žeti</td> <td>to earn</td> <td>zarađivati </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gift</td> <td>otrov</td> <td>gift</td> <td>poklon </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hund</td> <td>pas</td> <td>hound</td> <td>lovački pas </td></tr> <tr> <td>Knabe</td> <td>dečak</td> <td>knave</td> <td>nož </td></tr> <tr> <td>Knecht</td> <td>sluga</td> <td>knight</td> <td>vitez </td></tr> <tr> <td>nehmen</td> <td>uzeti</td> <td>numb</td> <td>opijen </td></tr> <tr> <td>raten</td> <td>pogađati</td> <td>to read</td> <td>čitati </td></tr> <tr> <td>ritzen</td> <td>zagrebati</td> <td>to write</td> <td>pisati </td></tr> <tr> <td>Schmerz</td> <td>bol</td> <td>smart</td> <td>pametan </td></tr> <tr> <td>rächen</td> <td>osvetiti se</td> <td>to wreak (havoc)</td> <td>iskaliti (kao bes) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tisch</td> <td>sto</td> <td>dish</td> <td>posuda </td></tr> <tr> <td>werfen</td> <td>baciti</td> <td>to warp</td> <td>izobličiti </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zeit</td> <td>vreme</td> <td>tide</td> <td>plima </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>U nemačkom postoji puno pozajmljenica iz drugih jezika, posebno francuskog, latinskog i grčkog, ali i drugih. Većina ovih reči imaju isto ili slično značenje kao u prvobitnom jeziku, ali neke od njih su promenile značenje. Ove reči, koje su često pozajmljivane od strane drugih jezika nazivamo internacionalizmima. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#FFDEAD"> <th><b>Nemačka reč</b> </th> <th>Značenje </th> <th>Poreklo </th></tr> <tr> <td>Armee</td> <td>army</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arrangement</td> <td>aranžman (muzički)</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chance</td> <td>šansa</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Courage</td> <td>hrabrost</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>chutzpah</td> <td>besraman</td> <td>jidiš </td></tr> <tr> <td>Disposition</td> <td>loš položaj</td> <td>latinski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Feuilleton</td> <td>članak</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Futur</td> <td>buduće vreme</td> <td>latinski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genre</td> <td>žanr</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mikroskop</td> <td>mikroskop</td> <td>grčki </td></tr> <tr> <td>Partei</td> <td>politička partija</td> <td>francuski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Position</td> <td>pozicija</td> <td>latinski </td></tr> <tr> <td>positiv</td> <td>pozitiv</td> <td>latinski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Psychologie</td> <td>psihologija</td> <td>grčki </td></tr> <tr> <td>Religion</td> <td>religija</td> <td>latinski </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tabu</td> <td>tabu</td> <td>Tongan </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zigarre</td> <td>cigara</td> <td>španski </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Primeri_nemačkih_fraza"><span id="Primeri_nema.C4.8Dkih_fraza"></span>Primeri nemačkih fraza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odjeljak Primeri nemačkih fraza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Primeri nemačkih fraza"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#FFDEAD"> <th>Prevod </th> <th>Fraza </th> <th>IPA </th></tr> <tr> <td>nemački</td> <td><i>Deutsch</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈdoʏtʃ/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>zdravo</td> <td><i>hallo</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈhaloː/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>doviđenja</td> <td><i>auf Wiedersehen</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/aʊf ˈviːdərˌzeːn/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>molim</td> <td><i>bitte</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈbɪtə/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>hvala</td> <td><i>danke</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈdaŋkə/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>taj/onaj</td> <td><i>das</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/das/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>koliko?</td> <td><i>Wie viel?</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˌvi ˈfiːl/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>da</td> <td><i>ja</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈjaː/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ne</td> <td><i>nein</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈnaɪn/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>gde je toalet?</td> <td><i>Wo ist die Toilette?</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈvoː ˈɪst diː to̯aˈlɛtə/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>zdravica</td> <td><i>prosit</i> <br /><i>prost</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈproːzit/</span> <br /><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈproːst/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Da li govoriste engleski/srpski?</td> <td><i>Sprechen Sie Englisch/Serbisch?</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈʃprɛçən ˈziː ˈɛŋlɪʃ/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ne razumem</td> <td><i>Ich verstehe nicht</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈɪç fɛrˈʃteːə ˈnɪçt/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Izvinite</td> <td><i>Entschuldigung</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ɛntˈʃʊldɪgʊŋ/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ne znam</td> <td><i>Ich weiß es nicht</i></td> <td><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ˈɪç ˈvaɪs əs ˈnɪçt/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nazivi_za_nemački_jezik_u_drugim_jezicima"><span id="Nazivi_za_nema.C4.8Dki_jezik_u_drugim_jezicima"></span>Nazivi za nemački jezik u drugim jezicima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi odjeljak Nazivi za nemački jezik u drugim jezicima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=15" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Nazivi za nemački jezik u drugim jezicima"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zbog burne istorije Nemačke i nemačkog jezika, imena koja su drugi narodi izabrali za ovaj jezik variraju više nego kod većine drugih jezika. </p><p>Uopšteno, imena za nemački jezik se mogu podeliti u pet grupa po svom poreklu: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td><b>1.</b> Od protogermanske reči za <i>narod</i>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikans" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikans">afrikans</a>: <i>Duits</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kineski_jezik" title="Kineski jezik">kineski</a>: 德语 (<i>déyǔ</i>) ili 德意志语 (déyìzhiyǔ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danski_jezik" title="Danski jezik">danski</a>: <i>tysk</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holandski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Holandski jezik">holandski</a>: <i>Duits</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferjarski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferjarski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">farski</a>: <i>týskt</i></li> <li>nemački: <i>Deutsch</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islandski_jezik" title="Islandski jezik">islandanski</a>: <i>þýska</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italijanski_jezik" title="Italijanski jezik">italijanski</a>: <i>tedesco</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">latinski</a>: <i>(lingua) Theodisca</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanski_jezik" title="Japanski jezik">japanski</a>: ドイツ語 (<i>doitsugo</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korejski_jezik" title="Korejski jezik">korejski</a>: 독일어, 獨逸語 (<i>dogileo</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norve%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Norveški jezik">norveški</a>: <i>tysk</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathi_jezik" title="Marathi jezik">marathi</a>: <i>Daitya Bhaasha</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retoromanski_jezici" title="Retoromanski jezici">retoromanski</a>: <i>tudestg</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedski_jezik" title="Švedski jezik">švedski</a>: <i>tyska</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijetnamski_jezik" title="Vijetnamski jezik">vijetnamski</a>: <i>tiếng Đức</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidi%C5%A1" title="Jidiš">jidiš</a>: טײַטש (<i>daytsch</i> or <i>daytsh</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><b>2.</b> Od imena germanskog plemena: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanski_jezik" title="Albanski jezik">albanski</a>: <i>gjermanishte</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amharski_jezik" title="Amharski jezik">amharski</a>: ጀርመን (<i>järmän</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jermenski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Jermenski jezik">jermenski</a>: գերմաներեն (<i>Germaneren</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engleski</a>: <i>German</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">esperanto</a>: <i>germana lingvo</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruzijski_jezik" title="Gruzijski jezik">gruzijski</a>: გერმანული (<i>germanuli</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Grčki jezik">grčki</a>: Γερμανικά (<i>germaniká</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrejski_jezik" title="Hebrejski jezik">hebrejski</a>: גרמנית (<i>germanit</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi">hindu</a>: <i>jarmanI kI bhAShA</i> — transliteracija</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irski_jezik" title="Irski jezik">irski</a>: <i>Gearmáinis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makedonski_jezik" title="Makedonski jezik">makedonski</a>: germanski (<i>germanski</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malajski_jezik" title="Malajski jezik">malajski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Indone%C5%BEanski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonežanski jezik">indonežanski</a>: <i>bahasa Jerman</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malte%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Malteški jezik">malteški</a>: <i>Ġermaniż</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumunski_jezik" title="Rumunski jezik">rumunski</a>: <i>germană</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajlandski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajlandski jezik">tai</a>: ภาษาเยอรมัน (<i>phasa yerman</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><b>3.</b> Od imena saksonskog plemena: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonski_jezik" title="Estonski jezik">estonski</a>: <i>saksa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finski_jezik" title="Finski jezik">finski</a>: <i>saksa</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>4.</b> Od staroslovenske reči „nem“ (<i>"mutav"</i>): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bugarski_jezik" title="Bugarski jezik">bugarski</a>: немски (<i>nemski</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrvatski_jezik" title="Hrvatski jezik">hrvatski</a>: <i>njemački</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Češki jezik">češki</a>: <i>němčina</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arski_jezik" title="Mađarski jezik">mađarski</a>: <i>német</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poljski_jezik" title="Poljski jezik">poljski</a>: <i>niemiecki</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumunski_jezik" title="Rumunski jezik">rumunski</a>: <i>nemţeşte</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruski_jezik" title="Ruski jezik">ruski</a>: немецкий (<i>nemetskiy</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srpski_jezik" title="Srpski jezik">srpski</a>: немачки ili њемачки / <i>nemački</i> ili <i>njemački</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Slovački jezik">slovački</a>: <i>nemčina</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovena%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovenački jezik">slovenački</a>: <i>nemščina</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrajinski_jezik" title="Ukrajinski jezik">ukrajinski</a>: німецька (<i>nimetska</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><b>5.</b> Od imena alemanskog plemena: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arapski_jezik" title="Arapski jezik">arapski</a>: ألمانية (<i>alimāniyyah</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baskijski_jezik" title="Baskijski jezik">baskijski</a>: <i>alemanera</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bretonski_jezik" title="Bretonski jezik">bretonski</a>: <i>alamaneg</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalonski_jezik" title="Katalonski jezik">katalonski</a>: <i>alemany</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuski</a>: <i>allemand</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kmerski_jezik" title="Kmerski jezik">kmerski</a>:  (<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/pʰiːəsaː aːləmɒŋ/</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malga%C5%A1ki" class="mw-redirect" title="Malgaški">malgaški</a>: <i>alema</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oksitanski_jezik" title="Oksitanski jezik">oksitanski</a>: <i>alemand</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persijski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Persijski jezik">persijski</a>: آلمانی (Âlmâni)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugalski_jezik" title="Portugalski jezik">portugalski</a>: <i>alemão</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panski_jezik" title="Španski jezik">španski</a>: <i>alemán</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagalog">tagalog</a>: <i>Aleman</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik">turski</a>: <i>Almanca</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vel%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Velški jezik">velški</a>: <i>Almaeneg</i></li></ul> </td> <td><b>6.</b> od reči dodeliti <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Letonski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Letonski jezik">letonski</a>: <i>vācu</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litvanski_jezik" title="Litvanski jezik">litvanski</a>: <i>vokiečių</i></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=16" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Many_tongues,_one_family-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Many_tongues,_one_family_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">European Commission (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/archives/publications/booklets/move/45/en.pdf">„Many tongues, one family. Languages in the European Union”</a> (PDF). Europa (web portal)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 5 April 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Many+tongues%2C+one+family.+Languages+in+the+European+Union&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=European+Commission&rft.au=European+Commission&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=Europa+%28web+portal%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Farchives%2Fpublications%2Fbooklets%2Fmove%2F45%2Fen.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goethe1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-goethe1_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goethe.de/en/spr/wdl.html">„Why Learn German?”</a>. Goethe Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 28 September 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Why+Learn+German%3F&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Goethe+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goethe.de%2Fen%2Fspr%2Fwdl.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sdsu-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-sdsu_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141023002656/http://german.sdsu.edu/why_learn_german.html">„Why Learn German?”</a>. SDSU - German Studies Department of European Studies. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://german.sdsu.edu/why_learn_german.html">originala</a> na datum 2014-10-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 28 September 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Why+Learn+German%3F&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=SDSU+-+German+Studies+Department+of+European+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20141023002656%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fgerman.sdsu.edu%2Fwhy_learn_german.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/10128380/German-should-be-a-working-language-of-EU-says-Merkels-party.html">„German 'should be a working language of EU', says Merkel's party”</a>. <i>Telegraph.co.uk</i>. 18 June 2013.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=German+%27should+be+a+working+language+of+EU%27%2C+says+Merkel%27s+party&rft.atitle=Telegraph.co.uk&rft.date=18+June+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fgermany%2F10128380%2FGerman-should-be-a-working-language-of-EU-says-Merkels-party.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=17" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41379810">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li>George Oliver Curme, <i>A Grammar of the German Language</i> (1904, 1922) — the most complete and authoritative work in English</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/germanistik/spr/suf/baydat-udi/pdf/Grob%FCbersicht%20Dialekte.pdf">Karta dijalekata nemačkog jezika</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup> (na nemačkom, PDF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Cercignani" title="Fausto Cercignani">Fausto Cercignani</a>, <i>The Consonants of German: Synchrony and Diachrony</i>, Milano, Cisalpino, 1979.</li> <li>Michael Clyne, <i>The German Language in a Changing Europe</i> (1995) <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-521-49970-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-521-49970-4">0-521-49970-4</a></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFDurrell2006">Durrell, M (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080448542021891">„Germanic Languages”</a>. u: Brown, Keith. <i>Encyclopedia of language & linguistics</i>. Elsevier. pp. 53–55. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FB0-08-044854-2%2F02189-1">10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/02189-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-08-044299-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-08-044299-0">978-0-08-044299-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 6 February 2015</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Germanic+Languages&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia+of+language+%26+linguistics&rft.aulast=Durrell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Durrell%2C%26%2332%3BM&rft.date=2006&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B53%E2%80%9355&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FB0-08-044854-2%2F02189-1&rft.isbn=978-0-08-044299-0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB0080448542021891&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Anthony Fox, <i>The Structure of German</i> (2005) <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-19-927399-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-19-927399-5">0-19-927399-5</a></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFHarbert2007">Harbert, Wayne (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120615/http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511755071"><i>The Germanic Languages</i></a>. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511755071">10.1017/CBO9780511755071</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-521-01511-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-521-01511-0">978-0-521-01511-0</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511755071">originala</a> na datum 2015-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26 February 2015</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/40492966">Lay summary</a> – <i>Language (journal of the Linguistic Society of America)</i> (26 February 2015).</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Germanic+Languages&rft.aulast=Harbert&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.au=Harbert%2C%26%2332%3BWayne&rft.date=2007&rft.series=Cambridge+Language+Surveys&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FCBO9780511755071&rft.isbn=978-0-521-01511-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20150402120615%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Febooks.cambridge.org%2Febook.jsf%3Fbid%3DCBO9780511755071&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFKönigvan_der_Auwera1994">König, Ekkehard; van der Auwera, Johan, ur. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415280792/"><i>The Germanic Languages</i></a>. Routledge Language Family Descriptions. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-415-28079-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-415-28079-2">978-0-415-28079-2</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26 February 2015</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4176538">Lay summary</a> (26 February 2015).</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Germanic+Languages&rft.date=1994&rft.series=Routledge+Language+Family+Descriptions&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.isbn=978-0-415-28079-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.routledge.com%2Fbooks%2Fdetails%2F9780415280792%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> The survey of the Germanic branch languages includes chapters by Winfred P. Lehmann, Ans van Kemenade, John Ole Askedal, Erik Andersson, Neil Jacobs, Silke Van Ness, and Suzanne Romaine.</li> <li>W.B. Lockwood, <i>German Today: The Advanced Learner's Guide</i> (1987) <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-19-815850-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-19-815850-5">0-19-815850-5</a></li> <li>Ruth H. Sanders. <i>German: Biography of a Language</i> (Oxford University Press; 2010) 240 pages. Combines linguistic, anthropological, and historical perspectives in a "biography" of German in terms of six "signal events" over millennia, including the Battle of Kalkriese, which blocked the spread of Latin-based language north.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Uredi odjeljak Spoljašnje veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=18" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spoljašnje veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 70px;"><i><b><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="de:">Njemački jezik</a></b></i> nа <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedija">Wikipediji</a></div> </div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:German_language" title="commons:Category:German language"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:German_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:German language">Njemački jezik</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.101languages.net/german/">German 101</a> Learn German online (Engleski)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lerne-kroatisch.de/">Online Rečnik</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120907050104/http://www.lerne-kroatisch.de/">Arhivirano</a> 2012-09-07 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> Nemačko - Srpski Online Rečnik</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goethe.de/ins/cs/bel/srindex.htm">Gete institut - odeljenje u Srbiji</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.populearn.com/german/free/">Learn German</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121004131555/http://www.populearn.com/german/free/">Arhivirano</a> 2012-10-04 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> Naučite nemački mreži</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washjeff.edu/capl/">Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon</a> Besplatnan leksikon nemačkog jezika sa slikama iz nemačkog sveta.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sprachtausch.net">Sprachtausch.net</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180412051254/https://sprachtausch.net/">Arhivirano</a> 2018-04-12 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> — Nemački sajt na kome možete naći nastavnika, u zamenu da vi njega učite vašem jeziku</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=deu">Etnološka reportaža o nemačkom jeziku</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travlang.com/languages/german/ihgg/">Internet priručnik nemačke gramatike</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lsa.umich.edu/german/hmr/Nemački">na internetu</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since October 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup> na Mičigenskom Univerzitetu</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw-world.de/dw/0,1595,2469,00.html">Mrežni kursevi nemačkog Deutsche Welle-a</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100412113336/http://www.dw-world.de/dw/0,1595,2469,00.html">Arhivirano</a> 2010-04-12 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.applelanguages.com/en/learn/german.php">Kursevi nemačkog u Nemačkoj</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vds-ev.de">Verein Deutsche Sprache</a> (na nemačkom)</li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://wikibooks.org/wiki/German">Udžbenik nemačkog jezika za početnike</a>; u toku je razvoj na <a class="external text" href="https://wikibooks.org/">Wikibooks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diwa.info/">Digital Wenker-Atlas</a> Projekat iz 19. veka <i>Lingistički atlas nemačkog carstva</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041025154159/http://www.geocities.com/language_directory/languages/german.htm">Lista sa vezama za druge sajtove o nemačkom</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eserver.org/langs/the-awful-german-language.txt">Taj strašan nemački</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050623081921/http://eserver.org/langs/the-awful-german-language.txt">Arhivirano</a> 2005-06-23 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> — Sastav o nemačkom marka Tvena</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://how-to-learn-any-language.com/e/languages/german/index.html">Kako učiti nemački? Profil nemačkog jezika</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vistawide.com/german/why_german.htm">Zašto učiti nemački?</a> — 12 razloga za učenje nemačkog</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.actilingua.com/german_courses/german_language.php">Kratak pregled nemačkog jezika i njegovih varijeteta sa mapom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051103013457/http://www.actilingua.com/german_courses/german_language.php">Arhivirano</a> 2005-11-03 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ielanguages.com/German.html">Bespatan tutorijal za učenje nemačkog - ielanguages.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://german.about.com/">Naučite nemački, lekcije, govorite nemački</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.passwort-deutsch.de/">Passwort Deutsch</a> - kurs nemačkog</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/">Učite nemački preko interneta</a> besplatni kursevi nemačkog</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loecsen.com/travel/discover.php?lang=en&to_lang=1/">Slušajte i naučite korisne nemačke izraze</a> Uz svaki izraz dostupan je zvučni snimak i ilustracija</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://smartbasic.edu.rs">Najbolja škola nemačkog jezika u SRJ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deutschkurs-sprachschule.com/de/">Deutschkurs Sprachschule</a> - Učite njemački online</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rečnici_i_prevođenje"><span id="Re.C4.8Dnici_i_prevo.C4.91enje"></span>Rečnici i prevođenje</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Uredi odjeljak Rečnici i prevođenje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=19" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Rečnici i prevođenje"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onlinerecnik.com/">Nemačko-srpski i srpsko-nemački rečnik i prevod teksta</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni-kel.com/recnik/">Nemačko-srpski dvosmerni rečnik i prevodilac teksta</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090616202214/http://www.ni-kel.com/recnik/">Arhivirano</a> 2009-06-16 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krstarica.com/recnik/srpsko-nemacki/">Nemačko-srpsko-nemački rečnik na Krstarici</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dict.leo.org/">The LEO Online Dictionary</a> Nemačko-englesko-nemački rečnik.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dict.cc/">dict.cc: Nemačko-englesko-nemački rečnik</a> u koji korisnici mogu da dodaju reči sa 420.000 reči</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/German-english/">Nemačko - engleski rečnik</a>: sa strane <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org">Webster's Online Dictionary</a> — the Rosetta Edition.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canoo.net/index_en.html">Nemačka gramatika, rečnik, promena reči i njihovo formiranje</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.woerterbuch.info">woerterbuch.info — Besplatni nemačko-engleski internet rečnik</a> sa 600.000 reči</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dwds.de">Projekat „Digitalni rečnik“</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gramatika_2">Gramatika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Uredi odjeljak Gramatika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=20" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Gramatika"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wm.edu/modlang/gasmit/grammar/grammnu.html">Gramatika nemačkog</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050924083902/http://www.wm.edu/modlang/gasmit/grammar/grammnu.html">Arhivirano</a> 2005-09-24 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/~skidmore/grammarpage.htm">Gramatika nemačkog na internetu</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~oberle/courses/review.html">Pregled nemačke gramatike</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050828033549/http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~oberle/courses/review.html">Arhivirano</a> 2005-08-28 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.debitel.net/user/xianjun/german/yu_fa.htm">Sažeta nemačka gramatika</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050826104303/http://home.debitel.net/user/xianjun/german/yu_fa.htm">Arhivirano</a> 2005-08-26 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> na kineskom</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~greal/netzgrammatik/grammar.html">Nemačke gramatičke tablice</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschakademie.de/online-deutschkurs/kroatisch/">Vežbe nemačke gramatike</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifu-institut.at/online-lernen/grammatik/">Gramatika njemačkog jezika online </a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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title="Mađarski jezik">mađarski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malte%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Malteški jezik">malteški</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizozemski_jezik" title="Nizozemski jezik">nizozemski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemački jezik">njemački</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poljski_jezik" title="Poljski jezik">poljski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugalski_jezik" title="Portugalski jezik">portugalski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumunjski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumunjski jezik">rumunjski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Slovački jezik">slovački</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenski_jezik" title="Slovenski jezik">slovenski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panski_jezik" title="Španski jezik">španski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedski_jezik" title="Švedski jezik">švedski</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span 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