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<i class="fa fa-arrow-up" style=""></i> </span> </a> <div class="content "> <div class="content_inner "> <div class="title_outer title_without_animation" data-height="320"> <div class="title title_size_small position_left " style="height:320px;background-color:#f6f6f6;"> <div class="image not_responsive"></div> <div class="title_holder" style="padding-top:153px;height:167px;"> <div class="container"> <div class="container_inner clearfix"> <div class="title_subtitle_holder"> <h1><span>Les principaux chiffres du r茅chauffement climatique</span></h1> <div class="breadcrumb"> <div class="breadcrumbs"><div class="breadcrumbs_inner"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/">Accueil</a><span class="delimiter"> > </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/category/suivre/">Suivre</a> <span class="delimiter"> > </span><span class="current">Les principaux chiffres du r茅chauffement climatique</span></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="container_inner default_template_holder"> <div class="two_columns_66_33 background_color_sidebar grid2 clearfix"> <div class="column1"> <div class="column_inner"> <div class="blog_holder blog_single"> <article id="post-9294" class="post-9294 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-suivre tag-suivre"> <div class="post_content_holder"> <div class="post_image"> <img width="980" height="650" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208im_/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Our_ecosystem-980x650.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="漏ESA-NASA" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208im_/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Our_ecosystem-730x484.jpg 730w, https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208im_/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Our_ecosystem-980x650.jpg 980w, 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onclick="window.open('https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?s=100&p[title]=Les+principaux+chiffres+du+r%C3%A9chauffement+climatique&p[summary]=L%26rsquo%3Baccord+attendu+%C3%A0+Paris+a+pour+ambition+de+contenir+le+r%C3%A9chauffement+plan%C3%A9taire+%C3%A0+2%C2%B0C+par+rapport+%C3%A0+l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9poque+pr%C3%A9-industrielle.+Rappel+des+%C3%A9l%C3%A9ments+cl%C3%A9s+sur+ce+ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne%2C+selon+des+donn%C3%A9es+du+Groupe+d%26rsquo%3Bexperts+intergouvernemental+%C2%A0sur+l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9volution+du+climat+%28GIEC%29.+%C2%A0GAZ+%C3%80+EFFET+DE+SERRE+%28GES%29+L%26rsquo%3Beffet...&p[url]=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cop21.gouv.fr%2Fles-principaux-chiffres-du-rechauffement-climatique%2F&&p[images][0]=http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Our_ecosystem.jpg', 'sharer', 'toolbar=0,status=0,width=620,height=280');"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a></li><li class="twitter_share"><a href="#" onclick="popUp=window.open('https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://twitter.com/home?status=L%26rsquo%3Baccord+attendu+%C3%A0+Paris+a+pour+ambition+de+contenir+le+r%C3%A9chauffement+plan%C3%A9taire+%C3%A0+2%C2%B0C+par+rapport++via+%40cop21+http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/les-principaux-chiffres-du-rechauffement-climatique/', 'popupwindow', 'scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=400');popUp.focus();return false;"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <p>L’accord attendu 脿 Paris a pour ambition de contenir le r茅chauffement plan茅taire 脿 2掳C par rapport 脿 l’茅poque pr茅-industrielle.<br/> Rappel des 茅l茅ments cl茅s sur ce ph茅nom猫ne, selon des donn茅es du Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental 聽sur l’茅volution du climat (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/cest-quoi-le-giec/">GIEC</a>).</p> <p><strong>聽<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/quest-ce-que-les-gaz-a-effet-de-serre/">GAZ 脌 EFFET DE SERRE</a> (GES)</strong></p> <p>L’effet de serre est un ph茅nom猫ne naturel consistant en l’absorption par un certain nombre de gaz d’une partie du rayonnement infrarouge de la Terre, retenant ainsi de la chaleur. Ce ph茅nom猫ne est accentu茅 par le rel芒chement plus important dans l’atmosph猫re de gaz d没 aux activit茅s humaines. Ce surplus provoque un r茅chauffement acc茅l茅r茅 du climat.<br/> Le dioxyde de carbone (CO2, gaz carbonique) est le principal gaz 脿 effet de serre d’origine anthropique (76% des 茅missions). Les autres sont le m茅thane (16%), le protoxyde d’azote (6%) et les gaz fluor茅s (2%). Chaque gaz a une capacit茅 diff茅rente 脿 retenir de la chaleur.</p> <p><strong>脡MISSIONS DE GES<br/> </strong><br/> Les 茅missions annuelles de GES sont plus 茅lev茅es que jamais. En 2010, elles ont atteint 49 gigatonnes d’茅quivalent CO2.聽La hausse des 茅missions s’acc茅l猫re: +2,2% par an de 2000 脿 2010, contre +1,3% par an entre 1970 et 2000.<br/> Les 茅nergies fossiles et l’industrie ont repr茅sent茅 78% des 茅missions entre 1970 et 2010.<br/> Les secteurs les plus 茅metteurs de GES sont :</p> <ul> <li>la production d’茅nergie (35%),</li> <li>l’agriculture et la for锚t (24%),</li> <li>l’industrie (21%),</li> <li>les transports (14%),</li> <li style="text-align: left;">le b芒timent (6%).</li> </ul> <p>Les principaux pays 茅metteurs sont :</p> <ul> <li>la Chine (environ 24%),</li> <li>les 脡tats-Unis,聽(15,5%),</li> <li>l’Union europ茅enne (11%),</li> <li>l’Inde (6,5%),</li> <li>la Russie (5%).</li> </ul> <p><strong>CONCENTRATION DANS L鈥橝TMOSPH脠RE</strong></p> <p>Les concentrations actuelles de GES dans l’atmosph猫re sont les plus 茅lev茅es depuis 800 000 ans.聽La concentration moyenne de GES 茅tait de 430 ppm CO2eq (茅quivalent CO2 en parties par million) en 2011.<br/> Pour avoir la meilleure chance (entre 66 et 100%) de limiter la hausse de la temp茅rature globale 脿 2掳C, cette concentration ne doit pas d茅passer environ 450 ppm CO2eq en 2100.</p> <p><strong>HAUSSE DES TEMP脡RATURES –聽SITUATION ACTUELLE<br/> </strong><br/> La moyenne globale 脿 la surface de la plan猫te a gagn茅 0,85掳C entre 1880 et聽2012. Selon l’Institut m茅t茅orologique britannique, en 2015, la hausse des temp茅ratures mondiales aura atteint +1掳 par rapport 脿 l’猫re pr茅-industrielle.<br/> La hausse n’est pas homog猫ne: elle est plus importante sur les continents et au niveau des p么les.<br/> Les trois derni猫res d茅cennies ont 茅t茅 successivement les plus chaudes depuis 1850. La temp茅rature 脿 la surface des oc茅ans s’est 茅lev茅e de 0,11掳C par d茅cennie entre 1971 et 2010.</p> <p><strong>CE QUI NOUS ATTEND<br/> </strong><br/> Quatre sc茅narios ont 茅t茅 mod茅lis茅s par le <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/cest-quoi-le-giec/">GIEC聽</a>: en l’absence de nouvelles mesures pour r茅duire les 茅missions, la hausse globale des temp茅ratures atteindra probablement 脿 la fin du 21e si猫cle 3,7 脿 4,8掳C par rapport 脿 1850-1900.聽Le <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/pourquoi-parle-t-on-des-2c/">seuil de 2掳C</a> implique que les 茅missions cumul茅es ne d茅passent pas environ 2.900 Gt de CO2.聽Il implique de r茅duire de 40 脿 70% les 茅missions de GES d’ici 2050 (par rapport 脿 2010) et de les faire dispara卯tre en 2100.聽R茅duire fortement les 茅missions exige des investissements de plusieurs centaines de milliards de dollars par an d’ici 脿 2030.<br/> Pour esp茅rer contenir le r茅chauffement 脿 seulement 1,5掳C, l’effort est encore plus important et para卯t presque irr茅alisable au regard des niveaux d’茅missions actuels.</p> <p>(Avec AFP)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="single_tags clearfix"> <div class="tags_text"> <h5>Tags:</h5> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/tag/suivre/" rel="tag">Suivre</a> </div> </div> </article> </div> <br/><br/> </div> </div> <div class="column2"> <div class="column_inner"> <aside class="sidebar"> <div class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> <div class="vc_empty_space" style="height: 50px"><span class="vc_empty_space_inner"> <span class="empty_space_image"></span> </span></div> </div> </div><div class="widget widget_related_posts_widget"><h5>VOIR AUSSI :</h5> <div class="post no_image"> <div class="text"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/communique-lappel-de-segolene-royal-a-ratifier-laccord-de-paris/"> Communiqu茅 : L’appel de S茅gol猫ne Royal 脿 ratifier l鈥橝ccord de Paris </a> </div> </div> <div class="post no_image"> <div class="text"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/communique-de-la-presidente-de-la-cop21-tres-bonne-nouvelle-pour-la-planete-les-efforts-continuent/"> Communiqu茅 de la pr茅sidente de la COP21: « Tr猫s bonne nouvelle pour la Plan猫te. Les efforts continuent » </a> </div> </div> <div class="post no_image"> <div class="text"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/organisation-de-la-cop21-lheure-du-bilan-a-sonne/"> Organisation de la COP21 : l’heure du bilan a sonn茅 </a> </div> </div> <div class="post no_image"> <div class="text"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/la-france-a-ratifie-laccord-de-paris/"> La France a ratifi茅 l’Accord de Paris </a> </div> </div> <div class="post no_image"> <div class="text"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909162208/http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/appel-conjoint-4eme-session-du-business-dialogue-a-linvitation-du-president-de-la-republique-francaise/"> Appel conjoint – 4猫me session du Business Dialogue, 脿 l鈥檌nvitation du pr茅sident de la R茅publique fran莽aise </a> </div> </div> </div><div class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><div class="wdgt-newsletter"> <h3>RETROUVEZ-NOUS聽AUSSI SUR</h3> <div 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