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Lincoln's Assassination - Edward Steers - Google Books
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Lincoln's Assassination - Edward Steers - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_d24934d8eb640d38657af1a0dd93bca0/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_d24934d8eb640d38657af1a0dd93bca0__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Lincoln_s_Assassination.html?id=2Sl9BAAAQBAJ"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Lincoln_s_Assassination.html?id=2Sl9BAAAQBAJ"/><meta name="title" content="Lincoln's Assassination"/><meta name="description" content="For 150 years, the assassination of Abraham Lincoln has fascinated the American people. Relatively few academic historians, however, have devoted study to it, viewing the murder as a side note tied to neither the Civil War nor Reconstruction. Over time, the traditional story of the assassination has become littered with myths, from the innocence of Mary Surratt and Samuel Mudd to John Wilkes Booth’s escape to Oklahoma or India, where he died by suicide several years later. In this succinct volume, Edward Steers, Jr. sets the record straight, expertly analyzing the historical evidence to explain Lincoln’s assassination. The decision to kill President Lincoln, Steers shows, was an afterthought. John Wilkes Booth’s original plan involved capturing Lincoln, delivering him to the Confederate leadership in Richmond, and using him as a bargaining chip to exchange for southern soldiers being held in Union prison camps. Only after Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia and Richmond fell to Union forces did Booth change his plan from capture to murder. As Steers explains, public perception about Lincoln’s death has been shaped by limited but popular histories that assert, alternately, that Secretary of War Edwin Stanton engineered the assassination or that John Wilkes Booth was a mad actor fueled by delusional revenge. In his detailed chronicle of the planning and execution of Booth’s plot, Steers demonstrates that neither Stanton nor anyone else in Lincoln’s sphere of political confidants participated in Lincoln’s death, and Booth remained a fully rational person whose original plan to capture Lincoln was both reasonable and capable of success. He also implicates both Mary Surratt and Samuel Mudd, as well as other conspirators, clarifying their parts in the scheme. At the heart of Lincoln’s assassination, Steers reveals, lies the institution of slavery. Lincoln’s move toward ending slavery and his unwillingness to compromise on emancipation spurred the white supremacist Booth and ultimately resulted in the president’s untimely death. With concise chapters and inviting prose, this brief volume will prove essential for anyone seeking a straightforward, authoritative analysis of one of the most dramatic events in American history."/><meta property="og:title" content="Lincoln's Assassination"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=2Sl9BAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70OqPcbzveXTexzCNEma-SZhk4k5e_cJB2Cdsl8lwu_dwYd3ie8Bjpx-1yn-tQOzDQD7yfCw10Wq2eQHxGuMUpfsaIIIJb7bPMlNbYgAYgCMYJWoYpLfGocaBKBhHDOFaDffrVM"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=2Sl9BAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70OqPcbzveXTexzCNEma-SZhk4k5e_cJB2Cdsl8lwu_dwYd3ie8Bjpx-1yn-tQOzDQD7yfCw10Wq2eQHxGuMUpfsaIIIJb7bPMlNbYgAYgCMYJWoYpLfGocaBKBhHDOFaDffrVM"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3D2Sl9BAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dlater%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=2Sl9BAAAQBAJ&q=later&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. 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Now by God I Will Put Him Through","Pid":"PA4","PgNum":"4","Order":15},{"Title":"2 Black Flag Warfare","Pid":"PA6","PgNum":"6","Order":17},{"Title":"3 We Are Tired of War on the Old Camp Ground","Pid":"PA10","PgNum":"10","Order":21},{"Title":"4 John Wilkes Booth","Pid":"PA15","PgNum":"15","Order":26},{"Title":"5 The Action Team","Pid":"PA19","PgNum":"19","Order":30},{"Title":"6 An Unexpected Change in Plans","Pid":"PA31","PgNum":"31","Order":42},{"Title":"7 I Never Saw Him So Supremely Cheerful","Pid":"PA36","PgNum":"36","Order":47},{"Title":"8 Caesar Must Bleed for It","Pid":"PA43","PgNum":"43","Order":54},{"Title":"9 Sic Semper Tyrannis","Pid":"PA49","PgNum":"49","Order":60},{"Title":"10 We Have Assassinated the President","Pid":"PA56","PgNum":"56","Order":67},{"Title":"Gallery of Illustrations","Pid":"PA62-IA1","PgNum":"62","Order":74},{"Title":"11 Dr Mudd","Pid":"PA63","PgNum":"63","Order":80},{"Title":"12 The Giant Sufferer","Pid":"PA69","PgNum":"69","Order":86},{"Title":"13 Abandoned","Pid":"PA75","PgNum":"75","Order":92},{"Title":"14 Damn the RebelsThis Is Their Work","Pid":"PA81","PgNum":"81","Order":98},{"Title":"15 The Roundup","Pid":"PA88","PgNum":"88","Order":105},{"Title":"16 The Ring Closes","Pid":"PA95","PgNum":"95","Order":112},{"Title":"17 Tell My Mother I Die for My Country","Pid":"PA105","PgNum":"105","Order":122},{"Title":"18 Inter Arma Leges Silent","Pid":"PA109","PgNum":"109","Order":126},{"Title":"Epilogue","Pid":"PA120","PgNum":"120","Order":137},{"Title":"Acknowledgments","Pid":"PA131","PgNum":"131","Order":148},{"Title":"Notes","Pid":"PA133","PgNum":"133","Order":150},{"Title":"Index","Pid":"PA149","PgNum":"149","Order":166},{"Title":"Author Biography","Pid":"PA156","PgNum":"156","Order":173},{"Title":"Series Statement","Pid":"PA157","PgNum":"157","Order":174},{"Title":"Back 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Abraham Lincoln has fascinated the American people. Relatively few academic historians, however, have devoted study to it, viewing the murder as a side note tied to neither the Civil War nor Reconstruction. Over time, the traditional story of the assassination has become littered with myths, from the innocence of Mary Surratt and Samuel Mudd to John Wilkes Booth’s escape to Oklahoma or India, where he died by suicide several years later. In this succinct volume, Edward Steers, Jr. sets the record straight, expertly analyzing the historical evidence to explain Lincoln’s assassination. The decision to kill President Lincoln, Steers shows, was an afterthought. John Wilkes Booth’s original plan involved capturing Lincoln, delivering him to the Confederate leadership in Richmond, and using him as a bargaining chip to exchange for southern soldiers being held in Union prison camps. Only after Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia and Richmond fell to Union forces did Booth change his plan from capture to murder. As Steers explains, public perception about Lincoln’s death has been shaped by limited but popular histories that assert, alternately, that Secretary of War Edwin Stanton engineered the assassination or that John Wilkes Booth was a mad actor fueled by delusional revenge. In his detailed chronicle of the planning and execution of Booth’s plot, Steers demonstrates that neither Stanton nor anyone else in Lincoln’s sphere of political confidants participated in Lincoln’s death, and Booth remained a fully rational person whose original plan to capture Lincoln was both reasonable and capable of success. He also implicates both Mary Surratt and Samuel Mudd, as well as other conspirators, clarifying their parts in the scheme. At the heart of Lincoln’s assassination, Steers reveals, lies the institution of slavery. Lincoln’s move toward ending slavery and his unwillingness to compromise on emancipation spurred the white supremacist Booth and ultimately resulted in the president’s untimely death. With concise chapters and inviting prose, this brief volume will prove essential for anyone seeking a straightforward, authoritative analysis of one of the most dramatic events in American history.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA158","order":175,"title":"158","h":925}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3D2Sl9BAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dlater%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA76","flags":8,"order":93,"vq":"later"}]},null,{"number_of_results":34,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PA3","page_number":"3","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e. That a subject so widely writ- ten about is so filled with falsehoods is interesting in itself. Perhaps it speaks to the greatness of Lincoln. That a man so great could be struck down at the pinnacle of his success is difficult\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA4","page_number":"4","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e Booth would explain his black thoughts in his little diary : \u0026quot; Our cause being almost lost , something decisive \u0026amp; great must be done . \u0026quot; 3 Having failed in his earlier plan to capture Lincoln and turn him over to Confederate\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA17","page_number":"17","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e , in August 1864 , the plan was passed on to Thomas Nelson Conrad , a former scout with Jeb Stuart\u0026#39;s cavalry . Reassigned to the Confederate secret service , Conrad slipped into Washington in September to reconnoiter the president\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA22","page_number":"22","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e Arnold would explain his decision to join Booth “ as an act of honorable purpose , humanity and patriotism . \u0026#39; \u0026quot; 8 With Arnold and O\u0026#39;Laughlen in the fold , Booth returned in Oc- tober to Edwin\u0026#39;s house in New York for a visit with\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA25","page_number":"25","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e, in December. On Friday, December 16, Booth again took the stage to Bryan- town and stayed overnight at the Bryantown tavern. The following morning he was met by Joseph Queen and taken to William Queen\u0026#39;s home, where he spent the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA26","page_number":"26","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e stayed the night. The next morning, December 19, Mudd took Booth to the neighboring farm of George Gardner, where Booth purchased a horse that was peculiar in missing an eye. Booth would ride the one-eyed horse back into\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA30","page_number":"30","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e told authorities that the meeting was with Lewis Powell at the store of a Baltimore china dealer and Confederate agent named David Preston Parr.30 Whether Weichmann was right or not, on March 14, approximately two weeks after the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA32","page_number":"32","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e that day for a benefit performance by a group of Ford actors for wounded soldiers. Booth quickly sent word to his team and pre- sented his plan. They would lie in wait along the road on which the president\u0026#39;s carriage would travel\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA33","page_number":"33","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e Surratt described the aborted raid in a lecture in Rockville, Maryland, where he was teaching at the time at a girls\u0026#39; school. Surratt embellished the story, telling his audience that Booth and his band had intercepted the car\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA35","page_number":"35","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e write in his little diary at the time of his attempted escape, “our cause being almost lost, something de- cisive \u0026amp; great must be done.”12 These lines give an important insight into Booth\u0026#39;s mind. Clearly he did not consider the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA38","page_number":"38","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e in his diary , told of a dream he had : he was in some sort of vessel that was sailing at great speed toward some distant , indefinite shore . Lincoln said he had also had the dream preceding Sumter , Bull Run , Antietam\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA40","page_number":"40","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e write in her memoir , “ As soon as I received the invitation to go with Mrs. Lincoln , I dispatched a note to General Grant entreating him go home that evening ; that I did not want to go to the theater . ” Julia Grant had good\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA41","page_number":"41","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e, writing in her memoirs that Mary\u0026#39;s behavior was due to extreme fatigue from all of the travel she had been through.12 Some authors have concluded that the ugly incidents were the reason Julia Grant told her husband she would not\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA45","page_number":"45","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e that night during his escape. In addition to the package, Mary carried a message from Booth to Lloyd. According to Lloyd\u0026#39;s testimony during her trial, the message Mary passed along to him was: “Mr. Lloyd, I want you to have those\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA46","page_number":"46","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e he attempted to reconstruct it from memory.12 As evening approached, Booth made his way back to Ford\u0026#39;s The- atre. He secured his horse in a stable in the alley leading up to the rear of the theater and entered through a door that\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA58","page_number":"58","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e reported riding across the south grounds of the capitol sometime close to eleven o\u0026#39;clock, headed toward the Navy Yard and the Eleventh Street Bridge in southeast Washington. The distance from the theater to the bridge was just\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA60","page_number":"60","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e that he had ever agreed to murder Johnson, but at the assigned hour he was at the Kirkwood House only feet away from Johnson\u0026#39;s room, and he was armed. In fact, Atzerodt \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e believed he had saved Johnson\u0026#39;s life by not carrying\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA66","page_number":"66","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e told detectives he needed to purchase some supplies at the local store. The truth, however, is that Mudd wanted to recon- noiter the situation to see if the coast was clear for Booth to move on. Herold decided to join Mudd, and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA67","page_number":"67","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e that night in the next leg of their escape through Maryland. Burtles would then lead the two men across the swamp to Samuel Cox\u0026#39;s home. The timing fits neatly with this explanation. It would take Mudd an hour and a half to make\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA72","page_number":"72","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e write in a letter to a friend, “In fifteen minutes I had testimony enough to hang John Wilkes Booth, the assassin, higher than ever Haman hanged.”6 By 1:30 a.m. the New York Daily Tribune carried an inside story claiming the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA76","page_number":"76","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLater\u003c/b\u003e Cox would be swept up in the dragnet along with dozens of others. He would eventually admit that Booth and Herold had stopped at his house, but he told his jailors he had denied them entry and sent them away. It was only partially\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA77","page_number":"77","snippet_text":"Edward Steers. would get shot. Jones \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e wrote that he was troubled by his mission. He knew it would be dangerous, and “it was with extreme reluctance I entered upon the hazardous task. But,” he wrote, “I did not hesitate. My word was\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA79","page_number":"79","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e that night . Outside , Jones handed the food and drink to Booth and Herold and told them to hurry . When they finished , he started off down the final descent to the river . The path was narrow and difficult to maneuver along . At\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA90","page_number":"90","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e their father sold his interest to the senior Richter and moved the family to Westmoreland County , Virginia . Ever since George left home to strike out on his own , he made periodic visits back to the old homestead , where he was\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA91","page_number":"91","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLater\u003c/b\u003e that same evening Purdom met with one of his contacts , Private Frank O\u0026#39;Daniel of the First Delaware Cavalry . Purdom told O\u0026#39;Daniel about the suspicious character now staying at the Richter farm and asked O\u0026#39;Daniel to pass the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA92","page_number":"92","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e. Lovett turned his attention to Dr. Mudd, asking him to tell what had happened on Saturday. Mudd repeated much of the same ac- count given by his wife except in greater detail. In describing his visitor he also told Lovett that\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA96","page_number":"96","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e told investigators following his capture: “That night at sundown, we crossed the mouth of Nanjemoy Creek, safely passed within 300 hundred yards of a gunboat, and landed at Mathias point.”3 Just as Jones had instructed, they made\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA97","page_number":"97","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e told detectives , \u0026quot; I did not report it [ Booth and Herold\u0026#39;s visit ] to any government officer as I had no opportunity to do so . ” She then made a revealing statement : “ I heard that after they left Dr. Stuart\u0026#39;s they had crossed\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA122","page_number":"122","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e historians, Mudd was granted a full and unconditional pardon by President Andrew John- son just eighteen days earlier, removing his name from the petition. Before the Court could rule on the remaining two claimants, John- son also\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA123","page_number":"123","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e historians. In October 1902 another man with the name Samuel Arnold died. Several newspapers mistakenly assumed it was Samuel Arnold the Lincoln conspirator and wrote obituaries about his involvement with Booth in Lincoln\u0026#39;s\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA137","page_number":"137","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLater\u003c/b\u003e captured in Alexandria in 1867 , Surratt was returned to Washington where he stood trial in civil court . Unable to reach a verdict , the court released Surratt . Louis Weichmann was the government\u0026#39;s key witness against Surratt\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA140","page_number":"140","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e charged with negligence before a police board . The hearing was held in private and not recorded , so scholars do not know for certain what he did after Lincoln was seated . Parker was acquitted of the charges . 6. It was not\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA141","page_number":"141","snippet_text":"Edward Steers. 10. Booth \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e in his diary wrote, “In jumping broke my leg.” See Rho- dehamel and Taper, “Right or Wrong,” 154. 11. Quoted by Albert Daggett in a letter to his sister Julie on Saturday, April 15, 1865. Daggett was seated\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA145","page_number":"145","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003elater\u003c/b\u003e found. It proved important to Stuart by showing the authorities that Booth meant to insult Stuart, thereby supporting Stuart\u0026#39;s claim that he refused Booth lodging in his house. 8. Statement of William Rollins in Edwards and Steers\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"later"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>