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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Afrikaans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afrikaans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Afrikaans</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Afrikaans-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Afrikaans subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Afrikaans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albanian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albanian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Albanian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Albanian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Albanian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Albanian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Danish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Danish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Danish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Danish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Danish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Danish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dutch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dutch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dutch</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dutch-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dutch subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dutch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Related terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elfdalian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elfdalian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Elfdalian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Elfdalian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Elfdalian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Elfdalian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finnish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finnish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Finnish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Finnish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Finnish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Finnish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>German</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-German-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle German subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-German-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navajo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navajo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Navajo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Navajo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Navajo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Navajo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norwegian_Bokmål" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norwegian_Bokmål"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Norwegian Bokmål</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Norwegian_Bokmål-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Norwegian Bokmål subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Norwegian_Bokmål-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norwegian_Nynorsk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norwegian_Nynorsk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Norwegian Nynorsk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Norwegian_Nynorsk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Norwegian Nynorsk subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Norwegian_Nynorsk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interfix_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saterland_Frisian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saterland_Frisian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Saterland Frisian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Saterland_Frisian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Saterland Frisian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Saterland_Frisian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swedish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swedish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Swedish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Swedish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Swedish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Swedish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfix_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfix_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3</span> <span>Interfix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfix_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> 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hreflang="da" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="-s-" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/-s-" title="-s- – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="-s-" 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</ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also"><i>See also:</i> <b class="Latn"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Variations_of_%22s%22" title="Appendix:Variations of "s"">Appendix:Variations of "s"</a></b></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm"><a href="/wiki/-s#Middle_English" title="-s">-s</a>, <a href="/wiki/-es#Middle_English" title="-es">-es</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English" class="extiw" title="w:Old English">Old English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/-es#Old_English" title="-es">-es</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">-'s</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">masculine and neuter genitive singular ending</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, which survives in many old compounds. In more recent coinage, from contraction of the derived clitic <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/-%27s#English" title="-'s">-'s</a></i> in compounds. For more, see <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/-%27s#English" title="-'s">-'s</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds, equivalent to the possessive clitic <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/-%27s#English" title="-'s">-'s</a></i>.</span></span> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/hogshead#English" title="hogshead">hog<b>s</b>head</a>, <a href="/wiki/kingsman#English" title="kingsman">king<b>s</b>man</a>, <a href="/wiki/yearsworth#English" title="yearsworth">year<b>s</b>worth</a>, <a href="/wiki/jobsworth#English" title="jobsworth">job<b>s</b>worth</a>, <a href="/wiki/womenswear#English" title="womenswear">women<b>s</b>wear</a></i></div></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="English_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:English terms interfixed with -s-">English terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Afrikaans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dutch language">Dutch</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Dutch">-s-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_2">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="af">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">An interfix used to link elements in some compounds, originally a genitival interfix.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/w/index.php?title=aanleerder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="aanleerder (page does not exist)">aanleerder</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">learner</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/wiki/woordeboek#Afrikaans" title="woordeboek">woordeboek</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dictionary</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/wiki/aanleerderswoordeboek#Afrikaans" title="aanleerderswoordeboek">aanleerderswoordeboek</a></i></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/wiki/staat#Afrikaans" title="staat">staat</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">state</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/wiki/kaping#Afrikaans" title="kaping">kaping</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">hijacking, privateering</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="af"><a href="/wiki/staatskaping#Afrikaans" title="staatskaping">staatskaping</a></i></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Use of the <i>-s-</i> interfix in Afrikaans is based on patterns in the existing vocabulary. It is frequently used after the <i>-ing</i>, <i>-ie</i> and the <i>-er</i> suffixes. It is seldom used following mass nouns.</li> <li>The <i>-s-</i> is not used when the previous element end on <i>s</i>: <i>poskantoor</i>. It is not used when the next element begins with <i>s</i>: <i>stad<b>s</b>poort</i>, but <i>stadsaal</i> (no interfix).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also_2">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Afrikaans_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Afrikaans_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Afrikaans terms interfixed with -s-">Afrikaans terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Albanian">Albanian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Albanian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_3">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sq">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">a <a href="/wiki/consonant#English" title="consonant">consonant</a> that sometimes appears as a <a href="/wiki/ligature#English" title="ligature">ligature</a> between the elements of a compound word.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sq"><a href="/wiki/plot%C3%AB#Albanian" title="plotë">plotë</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">full</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">adjective</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sq">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sq"><a href="/wiki/-oj#Albanian" title="-oj">-oj</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="ann-pos">verbal suffix</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sq"><a href="/wiki/plot%C3%ABsoj#Albanian" title="plotësoj">plotësoj</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I complete; I satisfy, fulfill</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Albanian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Albanian terms interfixed with -s-">Albanian terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Danish">Danish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Danish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">Danish <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Latn" lang="da"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/da:Bindebogstav" class="extiw" title="w:da:Bindebogstav">Bindebogstav</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/da:Bindebogstav" class="extiw" title="w:da:Bindebogstav">Wikipedia <sup>da</sup></a></span></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81571951">.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{font-size:90%;width:250px;padding:4px;text-align:left;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue,#f9f9f9);border:var(--border-color-base,#aaa)1px solid}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.5;width:100%;max-width:100%}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_4">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="da">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Interfix inserted in some compounds.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_2">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The usage of <i>fuge-s</i> is phonetically motivated. It is applied on a per-modifier basis, meaning that if the first root generates <i>fuge-s</i> in one compound, it will usually do so in all compounds, even if the second already begins with an <i>s</i>, as in <i class="Latn mention" lang="da"><a href="/wiki/d%C3%B8dsstraf#Danish" title="dødsstraf">dødsstraf</a></i> (død + straf) or <i class="Latn mention" lang="da"><a href="/w/index.php?title=affaldss%C3%A6k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="affaldssæk (page does not exist)">affaldssæk</a></i> (affald + sæk). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Danish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Danish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Danish terms interfixed with -s-">Danish terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dutch">Dutch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Dutch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">Dutch <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Latn" lang="nl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Tussen-s_in_de_Nederlandse_spelling" class="extiw" title="w:nl:Tussen-s in de Nederlandse spelling">Tussen-s in de Nederlandse spelling</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Tussen-s_in_de_Nederlandse_spelling" class="extiw" title="w:nl:Tussen-s in de Nederlandse spelling">Wikipedia <sup>nl</sup></a></span></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81571951"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82267123">.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border-width:1px;border-style:dashed;padding:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .request-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border:1px dashed var(--border-color-base,#999999);padding:0.25em;background:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .request-box table{margin-top:0.25em;margin-bottom:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#E6E6FF;border-color:#000061}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#FFE6E6;border-color:#610000}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#FFFFE6;border-color:#616100}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#F2F2F2;border-color:#303030}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#FFF2E6;border-color:#612F00}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}</style><span class="maintenance-line">(This <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology" title="Wiktionary:Etymology">etymology</a> is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology_scriptorium" title="Wiktionary:Etymology scriptorium">Etymology scriptorium</a>.)</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_5">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nl">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/dood#Dutch" title="dood">dood</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dead</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/kist#Dutch" title="kist">kist</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">chest</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/doodskist#Dutch" title="doodskist">doodskist</a></i></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/ezel#Dutch" title="ezel">ezel</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">donkey</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/brug#Dutch" title="brug">brug</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">bridge</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/-etje#Dutch" title="-etje">-etje</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="ann-pos">diminutive suffix</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/ezelsbruggetje#Dutch" title="ezelsbruggetje">ezelsbruggetje</a></i></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_3">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Dutch_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Dutch terms interfixed with -s-">Dutch terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Related_terms">Related terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/-e-#Dutch" title="-e-">-e-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/-en-#Dutch" title="-en-">-en-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elfdalian">Elfdalian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Elfdalian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_6">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ovd">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_4">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Elfdalian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Elfdalian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Elfdalian terms interfixed with -s-">Elfdalian terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finnish">Finnish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Finnish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_4">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Common sound-symbolic element, often attached to after a <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi">-p-</i>. Probably akin to diminutive suffixes like <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/-sa#Finnish:_derivational" title="-sa">-sa</a></i> and <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/-su#Finnish" title="-su">-su</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_7">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="fi">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">A <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#sound_symbolism" title="Appendix:Glossary">sound-symbolic</a> interfix without any meaning.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_3">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Generally attached to between a plosive and a following vowel roughly in the middle of any given root. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_5">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Finnish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Finnish terms interfixed with -s-">Finnish terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="German">German</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: German"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-es-#German" title="-es-">-es-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:German_pronunciation" title="Appendix:German pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/s/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_8">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="de">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gestein#German" title="Gestein">Gestein</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">rock</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Formation#German" title="Formation">Formation</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">formation</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gesteinsformation#German" title="Gesteinsformation">Gesteinsformation</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">geological formation</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeit#German" title="Arbeit">Arbeit</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">work</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Zimmer#German" title="Zimmer">Zimmer</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">room</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeitszimmer#German" title="Arbeitszimmer">Arbeitszimmer</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">workroom, study</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_4">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>This interfix is used regularly after most derivational suffixes such as <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-heit#German" title="-heit">-heit</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-ling#German" title="-ling">-ling</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-tum#German" title="-tum">-tum</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-ung#German" title="-ung">-ung</a></i>, including borrowed ones like <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-it%C3%A4t#German" title="-ität">-ität</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-tion#German" title="-tion">-tion</a></i>. Otherwise it is used only after a minority of words. Most of these are strong masculine and neuter nouns, but not without exception (cf. <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Arbeit</i> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> above). There are also words that use it in some compounds but not in others, e.g. <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeitszimmer#German" title="Arbeitszimmer">Arbeitszimmer</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeitgeber#German" title="Arbeitgeber">Arbeitgeber</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Darlehensgeber#German" title="Darlehensgeber">Darlehensgeber</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_6">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="German_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:German terms interfixed with -s-">German terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also_3">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-n-#German" title="-n-">-n-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/-en-#German" title="-en-">-en-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navajo">Navajo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Navajo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_9">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nv">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">a <a href="/wiki/consonant#English" title="consonant">consonant</a> that sometimes appears as a <a href="/wiki/ligature#English" title="ligature">ligature</a> between the elements of a compound word.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv"><a href="/wiki/b%C4%AF%C4%AFh#Navajo" title="bįįh">bįįh</a></i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-s-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv"><a href="/wiki/tsoh#Navajo" title="tsoh">tsoh</a></i> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv"><a href="/w/index.php?title=b%C4%AF%C4%AFstsoh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="bįįstsoh (page does not exist)">bįįstsoh</a></i></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also_4">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="nv"><a href="/wiki/-%C5%82-#Navajo" title="-ł-">-ł-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="nv"><a href="/wiki/-sh-#Navajo" title="-sh-">-sh-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Norwegian_Bokmål"><span id="Norwegian_Bokm.C3.A5l"></span>Norwegian Bokmål</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Norwegian Bokmål"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_10">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nb">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_7">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Norwegian_Bokmål_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Norwegian Bokmål terms interfixed with -s-">Norwegian Bokmål terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Norwegian_Nynorsk">Norwegian Nynorsk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Norwegian Nynorsk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_11">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nn">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_8">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Norwegian_Nynorsk_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Norwegian_Nynorsk_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Norwegian Nynorsk terms interfixed with -s-">Norwegian Nynorsk terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also_5">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/-es-#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="-es-">-es-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saterland_Frisian">Saterland Frisian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Saterland Frisian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_5">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From a genitival suffix, ultimately from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-as&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-as (page does not exist)">*-as</a></i>. Cognates include <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" class="extiw" title="w:German language">German</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#German">-s-</a></i> and <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dutch language">Dutch</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Dutch">-s-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saterland_Frisian_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Saterland Frisian phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/-s-/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_12">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="stq">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Used to link two elements in some compounds.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_9">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Saterland_Frisian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Saterland_Frisian_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Saterland Frisian terms interfixed with -s-">Saterland Frisian terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Swedish">Swedish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Swedish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_6">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Swedish" class="extiw" title="w:Old Swedish">Old Swedish</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmq-osw"><a href="/wiki/-s#Old_Swedish" title="-s">-s</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">genitival suffix</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse" class="extiw" title="w:Old Norse">Old Norse</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="non"><a href="/wiki/-s#Old_Norse" title="-s">-s</a></i>. Many noun phrases with <i>-s</i> later merged into single-word compounds, but the <i>s</i> remained, now serving the function of a joining interfix as opposed to a suffix placed on a single word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Swedish_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Swedish pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/s/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfix_13">Interfix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Interfix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sv">-s-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_5">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In Swedish, this interfix is called the <i class="Latn mention" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/foge-s#Swedish" title="foge-s">foge-s</a></i>.</li> <li>As a rule of thumb, a compound noun starting with another compound noun gets an <i>-s-</i> (or an <i class="Latn mention" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-e-#Swedish" title="-e-">-e-</a></i> or the like), though this only applies to nouns that can take an interfix at all (nouns ending in <i>-are</i> (-er) get shortened to <i>-ar</i> instead, for example). Compare for example <i>bildäck</i> (<i>bil</i> (car) + <i>däck</i> (tire) = car tire) and <i>lastbilsdäck</i> (<i>last</i> (cargo) + <i>bil</i> (car) (= truck) + <i>-s-</i> + <i>däck</i> (tire) = truck tire). Intuitively, the <i>-s-</i> disambiguates <i>cargocar-tire</i> from <i>cargo-cartire</i>. This also extends to longer compound nouns, like <i>lastbilsdäckstryck</i> (truck tire pressure) and <i>lastbilsdäckslufttryck</i> (truck tire air pressure), which get an additional <i>-s-</i> before <i>tryck</i> (pressure) and <i>lufttryck</i> (air pressure), respectively (with the last example meant to illustrate that <i>lufttryck</i> does not turn into "luftstryck," as the word decomposes as <i>lastbil</i> (truck) + <i>däck</i> (tire) + <i>lufttryck</i> (air pressure)). In practice, such long compound nouns would often be rewritten as several words for the sake of readability (for example, "lufttrycket i lastbilsdäcken" (the air pressure in the truck tires)), though they sometimes crop up. Note that this rule of thumb only covers one case. Many other compound nouns also get an <i>-s-</i>.</li> <li>Another rule of thumb is that a compound noun that starts with a noun that ends in <i>-ing</i> (-ing) always gets an <i>-s-</i>. For example, <i>tidning</i> (newspaper) and <i>artikel</i> (article) turns into <i>tidningsartikel</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_10">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Swedish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Swedish_terms_interfixed_with_-s-" title="Category:Swedish terms interfixed with -s-">Swedish terms interfixed with -s-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="See_also_6">See also</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-s-&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-a-#Swedish" title="-a-">-a-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-e-#Swedish" title="-e-">-e-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-es-#Swedish" title="-es-">-es-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-o-#Swedish" title="-o-">-o-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/-u-#Swedish" title="-u-">-u-</a></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" 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