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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protection_laws_and_regulations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Protection laws and regulations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Protection_laws_and_regulations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Protection laws and regulations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Protection_laws_and_regulations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_aviation_archaeology_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_aviation_archaeology_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types of aviation archaeology sites</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_aviation_archaeology_sites-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types of aviation archaeology sites subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_aviation_archaeology_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Terrestrial_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terrestrial_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Terrestrial sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terrestrial_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aircraft_crash_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft_crash_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Aircraft crash sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft_crash_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abandoned_airfields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abandoned_airfields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Abandoned airfields</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abandoned_airfields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abandoned_missile_silos_and_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abandoned_missile_silos_and_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Abandoned missile silos and sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abandoned_missile_silos_and_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Underwater_crash_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Underwater_crash_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Underwater crash sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Underwater_crash_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Underwater_surveying_and_recovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Underwater_surveying_and_recovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Aerial_archaeology" title="Aerial archaeology">Aerial archaeology</a>.</div> <p><b>Aviation archaeology</b> is a recognized sub-discipline within archaeology and underwater archaeology as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is an activity practiced by both enthusiasts and academics in pursuit of finding, documenting, recovering, and preserving sites important in <a href="/wiki/Aviation_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation history">aviation history</a>. For the most part, these sites are aircraft wrecks and crash sites, but also include structures and facilities related to aviation. It is also known in some circles and depending on the perspective of those involved as <b>aircraft archaeology</b> or <b>aerospace archaeology</b> and has also been described variously as <b>crash hunting</b>, <b>underwater aircraft recovery</b>, <b>wreck chasing</b>, or <b>wreckology</b>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_aviation_archaeology_and_current_issues">History of aviation archaeology and current issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of aviation archaeology and current issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg/220px-DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg/330px-DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg/440px-DakotaPlaneCrash-TailSection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The remains of a Royal Canadian Air Force <a href="/wiki/DC-3_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-3 Dakota">DC-3 Dakota</a> crashed on 19 January 1946.</figcaption></figure> <p>The activity dates to post-<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> when, after the conflict, numerous aircraft wrecks studded the countryside. Many times, memorials to those involved in the crashes were put together by individuals, families, landholders, or communities. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B17turbocharger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/B17turbocharger.jpg/220px-B17turbocharger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/B17turbocharger.jpg/330px-B17turbocharger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/B17turbocharger.jpg/440px-B17turbocharger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>B-17 turbocharger, crash debris.</figcaption></figure> <p>Crash sites vary in size and content; some may have fuselages, engines, and thousands of parts and debris. Other sites, like in civilian/commercial crashes, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Transportation_Safety_Board" title="National Transportation Safety Board">National Transportation Safety Board</a> (NTSB) will have almost all of the aircraft and debris removed; which makes aviation archaeology more challenging. Remains of military aircraft crash sites may also be removed by various aircraft restoration groups, particularly if the aircraft was found largely intact. In general, most recent-day (since the 1980s) aircraft crashes are removed entirely, due to environmental regulations, leaving very little to indicate the existence of a wreck. </p><p>For example, military crashes in Arizona originate from numerous air bases, past and present. Because of the warm and sunny weather, much of the U.S. Army Air Forces flight training was located in the state, both during and after WWII. Numerous air bases dotted the states – creating conditions for numerous training accidents.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Old abandoned US Army Air Corp auxiliary fields and those converted to city municipal airports provide archaeological sites to be researched and investigated.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg/220px-AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg/330px-AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg/440px-AircraftDebrisCloseup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Measure, photograph and log aircraft debris.</figcaption></figure> <p>Keeping a record of a crash site, such as photographs, maps, journals, logs, and all terrain and weather recordings are essential, e.g., the <a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Springs,_Colorado" title="Glenwood Springs, Colorado">Glenwood Springs, Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/B-17_Flying_Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="B-17 Flying Fortress">B-17</a> crash site<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <a href="/wiki/Tells_Peak,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Tells Peak, California">Tells Peak, CA</a>, B-17 crash site.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AircraftPartNumber.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/AircraftPartNumber.jpg/220px-AircraftPartNumber.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/AircraftPartNumber.jpg/330px-AircraftPartNumber.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/AircraftPartNumber.jpg/440px-AircraftPartNumber.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>B-17 crash debris.</figcaption></figure> <p>The internet is an ideal media for sharing, recording, educating, and promoting aviation archaeology as a hobby, as well as research projects for local and state aviation historical groups. For identifying aircraft type and manufacturer by part numbers<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and manufacturing inspection stamps<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> can be analysed. From detailed <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> data & maps, to researching accident reports information, numerous resources help create a complete picture of the historic event. Accident reports, such as the official US Air Force Accident Report<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Form 14 becomes the foundation of archaeology research. From there, newspaper articles, county clerk records, sheriff & coroner reports, and library records all aid an aviation archaeologist in their research. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protection_laws_and_regulations">Protection laws and regulations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Protection laws and regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Legal protection of aircraft wreck sites is highly variable. In terms of protection by aircraft ownership, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Navy">U.S. Navy</a> retains indefinite ownership of all <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_naval_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States naval aircraft">Naval aircraft</a>, including terrestrial or submerged wreck sites.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a> has no policies regarding <a href="/wiki/Disturbance_(archaeology)" title="Disturbance (archaeology)">disturbance</a> of vintage aircraft wreck sites, unless human remains or weaponry remain unrecovered at the site. For <a href="/wiki/Vintage_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Vintage aircraft">vintage aircraft</a>, including vintage <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">military aircraft</a>, that are usually considered abandoned when wrecked, the wreck site and all associated contents are subject to the protection laws of the land upon which it rests. The language of <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a> protection laws are not aviation specific, so all protection laws pertaining to aviation sites are based on interpretation. Most federal and state laws are, however, explicit in describing cultural resources as either ‘objects, sites, or otherwise, of historic value’<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or ‘military or social history’<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and deem the time limit as over fifty years old. If an aircraft wreck is over fifty years old, which includes all aviation wreck sites from WWII, and crashed on what is currently <a href="/wiki/Federal_lands" title="Federal lands">federal lands</a>, the sites are automatically protected under National Park Service Law 36CFR2.1<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against disturbance of any kind without a permit. Aviation sites, for example, a vintage <a href="/wiki/Hangar" title="Hangar">hangar</a> on an airport or a wreck site on the path of a proposed highway, are also immediately subject to Section 106 review if they are to be disturbed by a project that either requires a federal permit or uses federal funds. In most cases, the <a href="/wiki/State_Historic_Preservation_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="State Historic Preservation Officer">State Historic Preservation Officer</a> will determine whether or not an aviation site is eligible for the register. </p><p>The National Register deems aviation wreck sites as “any aircraft that has been crashed, ditched, damaged, stranded, or abandoned”.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It designates the protection terms for aviation history sites as well, including abandoned <a href="/wiki/Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="Airfields">airfields</a> or facilities sites, testing or experimental sites, land or water <a href="/wiki/Air_terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Air terminal">air terminals</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Airway_beacon" title="Airway beacon">airway beacons</a> and navigational aids. </p><p>State lands protection laws vary widely across the nation but the language describing a historical resource is the same as federal laws. Therefore, aviation properties and aircraft wrecks on <a href="/wiki/State_land" class="mw-redirect" title="State land">State lands</a> can be protected under various environmental, public resource, and historical property laws as outlined per state for the protection of archaeological and historic resources. Any <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological survey">archaeological survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Excavation_(archaeology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excavation (archaeology)">excavation</a>, or activity that disturbs wither wreck or aviation property remains can, in some cases, be permitted on federal and state lands under a permitting process through the regulating entity. If an aircraft wreck, or the remains of any aviation property, is located on private land it is not automatically protected by any federal, state, or local law and any survey or excavation work must be permitted by the land owner. </p><p>Under the 'Sunken Military Craft Act’ (SMCA) of 2004, it is illegal to disturb, remove, or injure the wreck sites or associated contents of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Naval</a> or any submerged <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">military aircraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The act identifies military craft as including any sunken military aircraft or military spacecraft that was owned or operated by a government when it sank, and includes the associated contents. Because of the U.S. Navy's retaining of ownership of all military craft, the act applies to any U.S. Navy aircraft, even if in international or other country's territorial waters. The act also applies to any foreign military craft in U.S. territorial waters. Persons wishing to conduct archaeological or research exploration of any submerged military aircraft can apply to the <a href="/wiki/Naval_History_and_Heritage_Command" title="Naval History and Heritage Command">Naval History and Heritage Command</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Underwater_Archaeology_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Underwater Archaeology Branch">Underwater Archaeology Branch</a> for a permit. The U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Coast Guard has similar policies and permitting requirements to the Navy. The SMCA includes penalties associated with any unauthorized disturbances of sunken military craft as a fine and a liability for the reasonable costs incurred in recovery of archaeological or cultural information, storage, restoration, care, maintenance, and conservation. </p><p>As a part of federal air regulations, NTSB Part 830, protects any aircraft whose accident cause is under investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NTSB officials will routinely seize portions of wrecked aircraft for further analysis. Most of the time, after their study is complete, the sequestered debris is returned to the owners' representation – most often the aircraft's insurance company. However, examples like the reconstructed wreckage of <a href="/wiki/TWA_Flight_800" title="TWA Flight 800">TWA Flight 800</a> are held in perpetuity by the NTSB to educate the public and future investigators on the NTSB's role in transportation safety. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The laws in the UK cover the remains of all aircraft which have crashed during military service (land or sea) are protected by the <a href="/wiki/Protection_of_Military_Remains_Act_1986" title="Protection of Military Remains Act 1986">Protection of Military Remains Act 1986</a>. This Act defines an offence of tampering with, damage to, moving, or unearthing the aircraft remains. Exceptions apply to those holding licences, which can be issued by the Secretary of State, authorising specific procedures to be performed. </p><p>For the wreck-chasing hobbyist there is a self-regulating body, the <a href="/wiki/British_Aviation_Archaeological_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="British Aviation Archaeological Council">British Aviation Archaeological Council</a> (BAAC),<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which defines ethical standards of behaviour, coordinates activities and provides a forum for discussion for its member groups. Not all active groups in the UK are members of this organisation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_aviation_archaeology_sites">Types of aviation archaeology sites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Types of aviation archaeology sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terrestrial_sites">Terrestrial sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Terrestrial sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aviation history sites on land that can be subject to archaeological survey or excavation can include airports (which can contain hangars, terminal, other facilities, etc.), crash sites, monuments, or even properties associated with important persons or events in aviation history. Some examples of potential and current archaeological sites: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aircraft_crash_sites">Aircraft crash sites</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Aircraft crash sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Loon Lake B-23 Dragon crash site in Payette National Forest, Idaho is a remarkably intact example of an aircraft wreck. The crew survived and was rescued, and some avionics removed from the site, and it currently is the subject of a teaching aviation archaeology field school in various years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Abandoned_airfields">Abandoned airfields</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Abandoned airfields"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg/220px-ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg/330px-ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg/440px-ArlingtonAuxiliaryAirfieldColoNWview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Arlington Auxiliary Army Airfield: high view from the SW corner of the triangular runway<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> looking WNW, <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Colorado" title="Arlington, Colorado">Arlington, CO</a>, 2006</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg/220px-ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg/330px-ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg/440px-ArlingtionAuxiliaryAirfieldColoRunway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Arlington Airfield: E/W runway looking west. Notice the large sections of asphalt and the vegetation changes along and on the runway, 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>Abandoned airfields can yield much information of historic information about aviation and related industries.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From civilian airfields to military airfields, aviation archaeologists can find, uncover, and recover a variety of artifacts, just to name a few: aircraft parts with serial numbers, equipment parts, asphalt or runway material, variety of contamination, structures and foundations, businesses and economics, to community and cultural changes. With the closure of a military airbase, the street system and runways become local expansion of city streets and business; one example is the community conversion of <a href="/wiki/Lowry_Air_Force_Base" title="Lowry Air Force Base">Lowry Air Force Base</a> to a local residential, commercial, and educational environment. Other bases, like the <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Colorado#Arlington_Auxiliary_Army_Airfield" title="Arlington, Colorado">Arlington Auxiliary Army Airfield</a> reverted to farming and ranching. </p><p>In 1990, 1994, and 1998, archaeologists investigated, using airborne remote sensing studies and limited excavation, a vintage hangar of the <a href="/wiki/Huffman_Prairie_Flying_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Huffman Prairie Flying Field">Huffman Prairie Flying Field</a> Site at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The investigations were “designed to provide information needed for site management by Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and the <a href="/wiki/Dayton_Aviation_Heritage_National_Historical_Park" title="Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park">Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park</a> of the National Park Service. The geophysical and <a href="/wiki/Remote_sensing" title="Remote sensing">remote sensing</a> investigations revealed magnetic, electromagnetic, and ground penetrating radar anomalies and infrared thermal images associated with the hangar structure. The archaeological excavations located an in situ wood post, posthole features, and artifacts which represent archaeological remains of the actual hangar”.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Huffman_Prairie_Flying_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Huffman Prairie Flying Field">Huffman Prairie Flying Field</a> is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>. </p><p>Another example is <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton Army Airfield">Hamilton Army Airfield</a> in <a href="/wiki/Novato,_California" title="Novato, California">Novato, California</a>. It was in use from 1929 until 1976. It was eventually turned over to the city of Novato for development of housing. The runway is also part of tidal wetland restoration effort currently underway by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Corps_of_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Corps of Engineers">U.S. Army Corps of Engineers</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_Coastal_Conservancy" title="California Coastal Conservancy">California Coastal Conservancy</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Conservation_and_Development_Commission" title="San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission">San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Abandoned_missile_silos_and_sites">Abandoned missile silos and sites</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Abandoned missile silos and sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> has <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missile</a> launch sites abandoned by the <a href="/wiki/US_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army">US Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeological research includes these sites throughout the United States. Exploring and hiking around abandoned <a href="/wiki/Missile_silo" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile silo">silos</a> and sites may constitute trespassing as well as being dangerous.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Permission from current <a href="/wiki/Land_owner" class="mw-redirect" title="Land owner">land owners</a> or caretakers is imperative. Research and formal site investigations adds to the historical record of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. One such site is the <a href="/wiki/Minuteman_Missile_National_Historic_Site" title="Minuteman Missile National Historic Site">Minuteman Missile National Historic Site</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a> is a decommissioned <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> era <a href="/wiki/Nike_Missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Nike Missile">Nike Missile</a> base, <a href="/wiki/Nike_Missile_Site_SF-88" title="Nike Missile Site SF-88">Nike Missile Site SF-88</a>. In 1954, it was armed with <a href="/wiki/Nike_Ajax" class="mw-redirect" title="Nike Ajax">Nike Ajax</a> missiles. In 1958, it was converted to <a href="/wiki/Nike_Hercules" title="Nike Hercules">Nike Hercules</a> nuclear missiles. After it was shut down in 1974, it was turned over to the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, and it open for to the public regularly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nps.gov/goga/nike-missile-site.htm">[1]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Underwater_crash_sites">Underwater crash sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Underwater crash sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/1948_Lake_Mead_Boeing_B-29_crash" title="1948 Lake Mead Boeing B-29 crash">B-29 "Superfortress" Serial No. 45-21847</a> ditched in Lake Mead in 1949. This particular aircraft is listed in the National Register under Criterion C as an example of a significant type of aircraft construction and under Criterion D for it potential to yield important information. </p><p>The remains of the <a href="/wiki/USS_Macon_(ZRS-5)#Wreck_site_exploration" title="USS Macon (ZRS-5)">USS Macon Airship</a> and its associated <a href="/wiki/F9C_Sparrowhawk" class="mw-redirect" title="F9C Sparrowhawk">F9C Sparrowhawks</a> are located at around 1500 feet in the <a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay_National_Marine_Sanctuary" title="Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary</a>. The <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> (NOAA) has run survey expeditions to the site, creating photomosaics to track deterioration. The wreck site is listed on the National Register. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Underwater_surveying_and_recovery">Underwater surveying and recovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Underwater surveying and recovery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Underwater search and recovery is a complex aspect of aviation archaeology. Dive and recovery team have to do extensive research and planning before any recovery is performed. The aircraft site may be left as a memorial and not recovered. Once an aircraft has been located, an <a href="/wiki/Underwater_survey" title="Underwater survey">underwater survey</a> is conducted before recovery operations begin. Many tasks are established and the research is a long process that requires the detailed review numerous and various sources of information. The complexities include a great deal of preparation, extensive training, precise planning, and very technical equipment and coordination. Conservation has often proved very difficult<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Australian focus has been on underwater aviation archaeology,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> partly as a result of the interest of the relatively large number of maritime archaeologists and shipwreck conservators in the field. This has resulted in numerous studies and reports, including some cross-fertilization or ideas, theory and techniques with practitioners in other parts of the world, with a strong emphasis on the involvement of conservators.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Underwater aviation archaeology commenced in Australia at the wrecks of the Dornier, Catalina, and Sunderland Flying Boats destroyed by Japanese fighters at Broome in WWII. These lie, both in the intertidal zone, and in deeper water.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The study continued in Darwin in the Northern Territory with research and fieldwork at its series of submerged PBY Catalina wrecks,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, the study has spread to other regions in Australia, partly as a result of the Interest of Flinders University and its postgraduate student body.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While military aircraft remain the property of their respective governments unless delegated to a third party, submerged aircraft wrecks (such as the wrecks at Broome in Western Australia), have proven to be quite difficult to protect from unauthorized recoveries and looting. Those in Broome are now protected under the provisions of the 1990 Heritage of Western Australia Act.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_a_profession">As a profession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: As a profession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In America, aviation archaeologists, crosstrained in other areas of study, are found in the employ of <a href="/wiki/Joint_POW/MIA_Accounting_Command" title="Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command">Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command</a> (JPAC), traveling to former war zones throughout the world, to search for the remains of American servicemen and women that have been lost. Many of these losses involve aircraft mishaps in remote and difficult to reach areas. A group of volunteers, under the banner of "<a href="/wiki/BentProp_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="BentProp Project">The BentProp Project</a>", have pursued American military wreck sites and remains without disturbing them; their findings are forwarded to JPAC. In Australia and in some other parts of the world, where there are human remains involved, a tendency has been for the armed forces to secure the services of forensic anthropologists and crash investigators. </p><p>Professional aviation archaeologists may also be involved in the recovery of near-complete examples of wrecked or abandoned aircraft for profit. The clients of these professionals range from private individuals and aviation museums, to government agencies. Often these aircraft are in remote areas, which aids wreckage preservation.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Glacier_Girl" title="Glacier Girl">Glacier Girl</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">Lockheed P-38 Lightning</a> that was successfully recovered from below the <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> ice cap, and restored to <a href="/wiki/Airworthy" class="mw-redirect" title="Airworthy">airworthy</a> condition, and <i><a href="/wiki/Kee_Bird" title="Kee Bird">Kee Bird</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing B-29 Superfortress</a> also abandoned on the Greenland ice cap, but severely damaged by recovery efforts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_archaeology" title="Aerial archaeology">Aerial archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">Aviation accidents and incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_safety" title="Aviation safety">Aviation safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crash_cover" title="Crash cover">Crash cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_archaeology" title="Industrial archaeology">Industrial archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_societies#Aviation_historical_societies" title="List of historical societies">List of aviation historical societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protection_of_Military_Remains_Act_1986" title="Protection of Military Remains Act 1986">Protection of Military Remains Act 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wreck_diving" title="Wreck diving">Wreck diving</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarthy, M., 2004. Historic aircraft wrecks as archaeological sites. Bulletin of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology, 28: 81–90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aircraftarchaeology.com/crash_history_in_arizona.htm">Arizona Crash History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070106164708/http://www.aircraftarchaeology.com/crash_history_in_arizona.htm">Archived</a> January 6, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airfields-freeman.com/CO/Airfields_CO_E.htm">"Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Colorado: Northeastern Denver area"</a>. <i>www.airfields-freeman.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022160100/http://airfields-freeman.com/CO/Airfields_CO_E.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.airfields-freeman.com&rft.atitle=Abandoned+%26+Little-Known+Airfields%3A+Colorado%3A+Northeastern+Denver+area&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airfields-freeman.com%2FCO%2FAirfields_CO_E.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coloradowreckchasing.tripod.com/GlenwoodB17/GlenB17.html">"Glenwood B-17"</a>. <i>coloradowreckchasing.tripod.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191020/http://coloradowreckchasing.tripod.com/GlenwoodB17/GlenB17.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=coloradowreckchasing.tripod.com&rft.atitle=Glenwood+B-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradowreckchasing.tripod.com%2FGlenwoodB17%2FGlenB17.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/Sierras_B-17C_crash_site.htm">"Crash Site of the B-17C near Tells Peak, CA"</a>. <i>www.check-six.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170927215515/http://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/Sierras_B-17C_crash_site.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.check-six.com&rft.atitle=Crash+Site+of+the+B-17C+near+Tells+Peak%2C+CA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.check-six.com%2FCrash_Sites%2FSierras_B-17C_crash_site.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationarchaeology.com/src/partmanu.htm">"Aviation Archaeology - Part Number Prefix By Manufacturer"</a>. <i>www.aviationarchaeology.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171015042601/http://www.aviationarchaeology.com/src/partmanu.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aviationarchaeology.com&rft.atitle=Aviation+Archaeology+-+Part+Number+Prefix+By+Manufacturer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviationarchaeology.com%2Fsrc%2Fpartmanu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationarchaeology.com/src/astamps.htm">"Aviation Archaeology - Aircraft Inspection Stamps"</a>. <i>www.aviationarchaeology.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315160856/http://www.aviationarchaeology.com/src/astamps.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aviationarchaeology.com&rft.atitle=Aviation+Archaeology+-+Aircraft+Inspection+Stamps&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviationarchaeology.com%2Fsrc%2Fastamps.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texaswreckchasing.com/Reports/Military/B-36/Sterling%20City/Sterling%20City%20B-36.pdf">Sterling City, TX, B-36 Accident Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070226023144/http://www.texaswreckchasing.com/Reports/Military/B-36/Sterling%20City/Sterling%20City%20B-36.pdf">Archived</a> February 26, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq28-1.htm">"Historic Preservation Policy Regarding US Navy Sunken Military Craft"</a>. <i>navy.mil</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100407211612/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq28-1.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=navy.mil&rft.atitle=Historic+Preservation+Policy+Regarding+US+Navy+Sunken+Military+Craft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Ffaqs%2Ffaq28-1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Historic Preservation Act 1966 Public Law 102-575 16 U.S.C. 470w</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Historic Landmarks Program 36CFR65 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">California public resources code Section 5020-5029.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wilderness.net/toolboxes/documents/geocaching/36cfr2.1.pdf">"National Park Service Law 36CFR2.1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>wilderness.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000100/http://www.wilderness.net/toolboxes/documents/geocaching/36cfr2.1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wilderness.net&rft.atitle=National+Park+Service+Law+36CFR2.1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wilderness.net%2Ftoolboxes%2Fdocuments%2Fgeocaching%2F36cfr2.1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoeckel2001" class="citation web cs1">Joeckel, Jeff (29 November 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/aviation/">"Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Historic Aviation Properties, National Register of Historic Places Bulletin"</a>. <i>nps.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010183839/https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/aviation/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nps.gov&rft.atitle=Guidelines+for+Evaluating+and+Documenting+Historic+Aviation+Properties%2C+National+Register+of+Historic+Places+Bulletin&rft.date=2001-11-29&rft.aulast=Joeckel&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fnr%2Fpublications%2Fbulletins%2Faviation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/org12-12a.htm">History.Navy.mil: <i>The Sunken Military Craft Act</i> (US)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100407211727/http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/org12-12a.htm">Archived</a> 2010-04-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ntsb.gov/aviation/report.htm">NTSB Part 830: <i>U.S. Accident Preservation and Reporting Regulations</i> (US)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527084527/http://ntsb.gov/aviation/report.htm">Archived</a> 2010-05-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/E9-30398.pdf">US Federal Registry: <i>49 CFR Part 830</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationarchaeology.org.uk/index.htm">"British Aviation Archaeological Council"</a>. <i>www.aviationarchaeology.org.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140124183035/http://www.aviationarchaeology.org.uk/index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aviationarchaeology.org.uk&rft.atitle=British+Aviation+Archaeological+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviationarchaeology.org.uk%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coloradoaviationarchaeology.com/Expeditions/LaJuntaAAFSatelliteFieldSurveyProject.aspx"><i>Arlington Auxiliary Army Airfield Aerial View</i></a><i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006181041/http://www.coloradoaviationarchaeology.com/Expeditions/LaJuntaAAFSatelliteFieldSurveyProject.aspx">Archived</a> 2011-10-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, see image no. 11</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airfields-freeman.com">Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forgottenairfields.com">Abandoned, Forgotten and Little Known Airfields in Europe</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA352192">"Archaeological, Geophysical, and Remote Sensing Investigations of the 1910 Wright Brothers' Hangar, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113090618/http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA352192">Archived</a> 2016-01-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ed-thelen.org/loc-c.html">"Missile Sites"</a>. <i>ed-thelen.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817065752/http://ed-thelen.org/loc-c.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ed-thelen.org&rft.atitle=Missile+Sites&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fed-thelen.org%2Floc-c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiloMan" class="citation web cs1">SiloMan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.siloworld.net/">"SiloWorld"</a>. <i>www.siloworld.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171006212828/http://www.siloworld.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.siloworld.net&rft.atitle=SiloWorld&rft.au=SiloMan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.siloworld.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/mimi/index.htm">"Minuteman Missile National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)"</a>. <i>www.nps.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180413042718/https://www.nps.gov/mimi/index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nps.gov&rft.atitle=Minuteman+Missile+National+Historic+Site+%28U.S.+National+Park+Service%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fmimi%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chaa-recovery.ca/content/view/49/50/">Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association <i>Dive Recovery Team</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120908012658/http://chaa-recovery.ca/content/view/49/50/">Archived</a> September 8, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-web/content/broken-wings-introduction">Western Australian Museum <i>Broken Wings</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319211857/http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-web/content/broken-wings-introduction">Archived</a> 2012-03-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110704074734/http://202.14.152.30/collections/maritime/march/fallenangels/fallenangels.html">"Broken wings"</a>. <i>202.14.152.30</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://202.14.152.30/collections/maritime/march/fallenangels/fallenangels.html">the original</a> on July 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=202.14.152.30&rft.atitle=Broken+wings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F202.14.152.30%2Fcollections%2Fmaritime%2Fmarch%2Ffallenangels%2Ffallenangels.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110704074614/http://202.14.152.30/collections/maritime/march/treasures/broome/broome.html">"Broome"</a>. <i>202.14.152.30</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://202.14.152.30/collections/maritime/march/treasures/broome/broome.html">the original</a> on July 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=202.14.152.30&rft.atitle=Broome&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F202.14.152.30%2Fcollections%2Fmaritime%2Fmarch%2Ftreasures%2Fbroome%2Fbroome.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jung, Silvano (2001). Wings Beneath the Sea: the aviation archaeology of Catalina Flying Boats in Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory. Unpublished Master of Arts thesis, Northern Territory University (now Charles Darwin University), Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">e.g. Ford, J., 2006. WW Aviation Archaeology in Victoria Australia. Department of Maritime Archaeology. Flinders University. Adelaide.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarthy, M., Green, J., Jung, S. and Souter, C., 2002. The Broome Flying Boats: Papers relating to the nomination of a suite of flying boat wrecks at Broome to the Register of Heritage Places under the Heritage Of Western Australia Act 1990. Report – Department of Maritime Archaeology Western Australian Maritime Museum, No. 170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman,_Carl2001" class="citation book cs1">Hoffman, Carl (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/huntingwarbirdso00hoff/page/245"><i>Hunting Warbirds - The Obsessive Quest for the Lost Aircraft of World War II</i></a>. Ballantine Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/huntingwarbirdso00hoff/page/245">245</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-43617-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-43617-2"><bdi>0-345-43617-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hunting+Warbirds+-+The+Obsessive+Quest+for+the+Lost+Aircraft+of+World+War+II&rft.pages=245&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-345-43617-2&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhuntingwarbirdso00hoff%2Fpage%2F245&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaly2015" class="citation thesis cs1">Daly, Lisa M. (April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.library.mun.ca/8426"><i>Aviation Archaeology of World War II Gander: An Examination of Military and Civilian Life at the Newfoundland Airport</i></a> (PhD). Memorial University of Newfoundland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Aviation+Archaeology+of+World+War+II+Gander%3A+An+Examination+of+Military+and+Civilian+Life+at+the+Newfoundland+Airport&rft.inst=Memorial+University+of+Newfoundland&rft.date=2015-04&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=Lisa+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.library.mun.ca%2F8426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeze,_Christopher2005" class="citation book cs1">Freeze, Christopher (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.check-six.com/mall/wreckbible.htm"><i>The Wreck Chaser's Bible</i></a>. Check-Six. p. 2 vols. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9765562-1-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9765562-1-9"><bdi>0-9765562-1-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wreck+Chaser%27s+Bible&rft.pages=2+vols&rft.pub=Check-Six&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-9765562-1-9&rft.au=Freeze%2C+Christopher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.check-six.com%2Fmall%2Fwreckbible.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGero,_David1999" class="citation book cs1">Gero, David (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/militaryaviation0000gero"><i>Military Aviation Disasters-Significant Losses Since 1908</i></a></span>. Patrick Stephens Limited, Haynes Publishing, UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85260-574-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85260-574-X"><bdi>1-85260-574-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Aviation+Disasters-Significant+Losses+Since+1908&rft.pub=Patrick+Stephens+Limited%2C+Haynes+Publishing%2C+UK&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-85260-574-X&rft.au=Gero%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmilitaryaviation0000gero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Jung, Silvano (2001). Wings Beneath the Sea: the aviation archaeology of Catalina Flying Boats in Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory. Unpublished Master of Arts thesis, Northern Territory University (now Charles Darwin University), Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNab,_Chris2005" class="citation book cs1">McNab, Chris (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780760770900"><i>The World's Worst Military Disasters: Chronicling the Greatest Battlefield Catastrophes of All Time</i></a>. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-7090-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7607-7090-5"><bdi>0-7607-7090-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Worst+Military+Disasters%3A+Chronicling+the+Greatest+Battlefield+Catastrophes+of+All+Time&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7607-7090-5&rft.au=McNab%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780760770900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Merlin, Peter W. & Moore, Tony (2008). X-Plane Crashes: Exploring Experimental, Rocket Plane, and Spycraft Incidents, Accidents and Crash Sites; Specialty Press, North Branch, Minnesota. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58007-121-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-58007-121-X">1-58007-121-X</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMireles,_Anthony_J.2005" class="citation book cs1">Mireles, Anthony J. (2005). <i>Fatal Army Air Forces Aviation Accidents in the United States, 1941–1945</i>. McFarland & Co. Inc., Jefferson, NC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-2106-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-2106-1"><bdi>0-7864-2106-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fatal+Army+Air+Forces+Aviation+Accidents+in+the+United+States%2C+1941%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Co.+Inc.%2C+Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7864-2106-1&rft.au=Mireles%2C+Anthony+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeronico,_Nicholas_A.2013" class="citation book cs1">Veronico, Nicholas A. (2013). <i><span></span></i>Hidden Warbirds: The Epic Stories of Finding, Recovering, and Rebuilding WWII's Lost Aircraft<i><span></span></i>. Zenith Press, Minneapolis, Mn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0760344095" title="Special:BookSources/978-0760344095"><bdi>978-0760344095</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hidden+Warbirds%3A+The+Epic+Stories+of+Finding%2C+Recovering%2C+and+Rebuilding+WWII%27s+Lost+Aircraft&rft.pub=Zenith+Press%2C+Minneapolis%2C+Mn&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0760344095&rft.au=Veronico%2C+Nicholas+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAviation+archaeology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Veronico, Nicholas A., Ed Davies, et al. <i>Wreckchasing: A Guide to Finding Aircraft Crash Sites</i>; Pacific Aero Press, Castro Valley, Calif., 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9636332-0-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-9636332-0-1">0-9636332-0-1</a></li> <li>Veronico, Nicholas A., Ed Davies, Michael B. McComb, Donald B. McComb. <i>Wreckchasing 2: Commercial Aircraft Crashes and Crash Sites</i>; World Transport Press, Miami, Fla. 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9626730-3-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-9626730-3-X">0-9626730-3-X</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130627235041/https://www.pritzkermilitarylibrary.org/Home/Lake-Michigan-Carriers.aspx">Pritzker Military Library Webcast Panel</a> from December 4, 2012, on the ongoing efforts to recover and preserve aircraft lost in Lake Michigan during carrier qualifications in World War II</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aviation_archaeology&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>International sites</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100108195534/http://tighar.org/">TIGHAR.org</a> – The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waymarking.com/cat/details.aspx?f=1&guid=be7b4afe-6cc8-4783-993f-241cc4570108&wo=True&p=3&sg=96d2006b-22d3-4cfc-b3b7-d98b09cc7f16&st=2">Waymarking.com</a> – coordinates for selected crash sites</li></ul> <dl><dt>Australia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-web/content/broken-wings-introduction"><i>Broken Wings</i> Western Australian Maritime Museum</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Canada</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191109093137/http://chaa-recovery.ca/">chaa-recovery.ca Canadian Underwater Recovery Team</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harvards.com">harvards.com Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Germany</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130828191524/http://www.fliegerschicksale.de/fliegerschicksale/startseite.php">German Aviation Archaeology</a> at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> (archived August 28, 2013)</li></ul> <dl><dt>UK sites</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationarchaeology.org.uk/">British Aviation Archaeological Council – official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationmuseum.co.uk/">Thameside Aviation Museum</a> – aviation archaeology</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peakwreckhunters.blogspot.com/">Peak District plane wrecks</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>US sites</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/aviation/">National Park Service's National Register Bulletin: Guidelines for evaluating and documenting historic aviation properties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aircraftarchaeology.com/">AircraftArchaeology.com</a> – aircraft wrecks in Arizona and the Southwest</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.check-six.com/">Check-Six.com</a> – aviation archaeology, before & after photos</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161027212309/http://www.hydepark.org/parks/jpac/Nike.htm">US Army Nike site information</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wreckchasing.com">Wreckchasing.com</a> – The on-line community for aircraft crash and crash site information.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thexhunters.com/">The X-Hunters.com</a> – Echoes of Thunder: Remembering the Lost Airmen and accident sites of Edwards AFB</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of aviation accidents and incidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists of <a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">aviation accidents and incidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Category:Lists of aviation accidents and incidents">All</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_collision" title="Ground collision">Ground collision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_hijackings" title="List of aircraft hijackings">Hijacking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hijackings_of_Indian_aeroplanes" title="List of hijackings of Indian aeroplanes">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hijackings_of_Turkish_airplanes" title="List of hijackings of Turkish airplanes">Turkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-air_collision" title="Mid-air collision">Mid-air collision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_by_pilot" title="Suicide by pilot">Pilot suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_shootdowns" title="List of aircraft shootdowns">Shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_structural_failures" title="List of aircraft structural failures">Structural failure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel-well_stowaway" title="Wheel-well stowaway">Wheel-well stowaway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_by_airline" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline">by airline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_by_airline_(A%E2%80%93C)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (A–C)">A–C</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aeroflot accidents and incidents">Aeroflot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerol%C3%ADneas_Argentinas_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aerolíneas Argentinas accidents and incidents"> Aerolíneas Argentinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France_accidents_and_incidents" title="Air France accidents and incidents">Air France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Airlines_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of American Airlines accidents and incidents">American Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n_accidents_and_incidents" title="Cubana de Aviación accidents and incidents">Cubana de Aviación</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_by_airline_(D%E2%80%93O)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (D–O)">D–O</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Deutsche_Luft_Hansa_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of Deutsche Luft Hansa accidents and incidents">Deutsche Luft Hansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Airlines_accidents_and_incidents" title="Ethiopian Airlines accidents and incidents">Ethiopian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Garuda_Indonesia_incidents_and_accidents" title="List of Garuda Indonesia incidents and accidents">Garuda Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japan_Airlines_incidents_and_accidents" title="List of Japan Airlines incidents and accidents">Japan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_KLM_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of KLM accidents and incidents">KLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air_incidents_and_accidents" title="Korean Air incidents and accidents">Korean Air</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_by_airline_(P%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (P–Z)">P–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_by_location" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by location">by location worldwide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_airliners_in_the_United_States" title="List of accidents and incidents involving airliners in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_commercial_aircraft" title="List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft">by year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_accidents_to_commercial_cargo_aircraft" title="List of fatal accidents to commercial cargo aircraft">cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airliner_shootdown_incidents" title="List of airliner shootdown incidents">shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_airliner_bombing_attacks" title="Timeline of airliner bombing attacks">bombing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Airliner_accidents_and_incidents_involving_controlled_flight_into_terrain" title="Category:Airliner accidents and incidents involving controlled flight into terrain">controlled flight into terrain</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft">By year</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_before_1925" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft before 1925">Pre-1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1925%E2%80%931934)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1925–1934)">1925–1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1935%E2%80%931939)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1935–1939)">1935–1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1940%E2%80%931942)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1940–1942)">1940–1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1943%E2%80%931944)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1943–1944)">1943–1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1945%E2%80%931949)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)">1945–1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1950%E2%80%931954)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)">1950–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1955%E2%80%931959)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)">1955-1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1960%E2%80%931969)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)">1960–1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1970%E2%80%931974)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1970–1974)">1970–1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1975%E2%80%931979)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1975–1979)">1975–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1980%E2%80%931989)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1980–1989)">1980–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1990%E2%80%931999)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1990–1999)">1990–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2000%E2%80%932009)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (2000–2009)">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2010%E2%80%932019)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (2010–2019)">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2020%E2%80%93present)" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (2020–present)">2020–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By conflict</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_losses_of_the_Vietnam_War" title="List of aircraft losses of the Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Accidents_and_incidents_involving_United_States_Air_Force_aircraft" title="Category:Accidents and incidents involving United States Air Force aircraft">USAF</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_accidents_and_incidents_involving_Royal_Air_Force_aircraft_from_1945" title="List of fatal accidents and incidents involving Royal Air Force aircraft from 1945"><i>RAF</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_Philippine_Air_Force_aircraft" title="List of accidents and incidents involving Philippine Air Force aircraft"><i>PAF</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_aircraft_losses_during_the_Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="List of Soviet aircraft losses during the Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet Afghan War</a></li> <li>Falklands War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_air_forces_in_the_Falklands_War#Casualties_and_aircraft_losses" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine air forces in the Falklands War">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_air_services_in_the_Falklands_War#Casualties_and_aircraft_losses" class="mw-redirect" title="British air services in the Falklands War">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_war_in_Afghanistan" title="List of aviation accidents and incidents in the war in Afghanistan">U.S war in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_and_accidents_during_the_Iraq_War" title="List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_and_accidents_during_the_Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)" title="List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Libyan Civil War (2011)">Libyan Civil War (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_and_accidents_during_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Syrian Civil War"><i>Syrian Civil War</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War"><i>Russo-Ukrainian War</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_and_accidents_during_the_Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen"><i>Saudi led Intervention in Yemen</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_by_aircraft" title="Category:Aviation accidents and incidents by aircraft">by aircraft</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_rage_incidents" title="List of air rage incidents">Air rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airship_accidents" title="List of airship accidents">Airships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ballooning_accidents" title="List of ballooning accidents">Ballooning</a></li> <li>Air shows <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_show_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_20th_century" title="List of air show accidents and incidents in the 20th century">20th century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_show_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_21st_century" title="List of air show accidents and incidents in the 21st century">21st century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_by_tail_number" title="List of aircraft by tail number">By registration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_commercial_aircraft" title="List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft">Commercial aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_general_aviation" title="List of accidents and incidents involving general aviation">General aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_helicopters" title="List of accidents and incidents involving helicopters">Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_news_aircraft_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of news aircraft accidents and incidents">News aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight-related_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents">Spaceflight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sole_survivors_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of sole survivors of aviation accidents and incidents">Sole survivors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unrecovered_flight_recorders" class="mw-redirect" title="List of unrecovered flight recorders">Unrecovered flight recorders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deaths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatalities_from_aviation_accidents" title="List of fatalities from aviation accidents">by aircraft misadventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_disasters_by_death_toll#Aviation" title="List of accidents and disasters by death toll">by death toll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatalities_from_aviation_accidents" title="List of fatalities from aviation accidents">of notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deadliest_aircraft_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of deadliest aircraft accidents and incidents">at least 50 fatalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_accidents_and_incidents_by_number_of_ground_fatalities" title="List of aircraft accidents and incidents by number of ground fatalities">by number of ground fatalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_accidents_and_incidents_involving_commercial_aircraft_in_the_United_States" title="List of fatal accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft in the United States">in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of aviation accidents and incidents in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_aircraft_near-miss_incidents_since_2023" title="List of US aircraft near-miss incidents since 2023">Near-miss incidents in the United States since 2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accident_analysis" title="Accident analysis">Accident analysis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Organizations_investigating_aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Category:Organizations investigating aviation accidents and incidents">Air crash investigators</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aviation archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_safety" title="Aviation safety">Aviation safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicates that the list is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Categories" title="Help:Categories">category page</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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