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Evans<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AESamaan"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="A.E. Samaan" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3551959/3011251/38854700/s200_a.e..samaan.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AESamaan">A.E. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/12052898/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/12052898/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis">George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="12052898"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Bradley W Hart</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109353301"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109353301/Captain_George_Henry_Lane_Fox_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Prehistory_of_the_IUSSP"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Captain George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers and the Prehistory of the IUSSP" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107504444/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109353301/Captain_George_Henry_Lane_Fox_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Prehistory_of_the_IUSSP">Captain George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers and the Prehistory of the IUSSP</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Population and Development Review</span><span>, Dec 1, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c1925926c15a291493766a6be95d5527" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107504444,"asset_id":109353301,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107504444/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109353301"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109353301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109353301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109353301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109353301]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109353301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109353301']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109353301, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c1925926c15a291493766a6be95d5527" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109353301]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109353301,"title":"Captain George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers and the Prehistory of the IUSSP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":12,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Population and Development Review"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109353301/Captain_George_Henry_Lane_Fox_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Prehistory_of_the_IUSSP","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-18T12:35:56.304-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":41210778,"work_id":109353301,"tagging_user_id":29619893,"tagged_user_id":24979694,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***r@gmail.com","affiliation":"Population Council","display_order":0,"name":"Landis MacKellar","title":"Captain George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers and the Prehistory of the IUSSP"},{"id":41988070,"work_id":109353301,"tagging_user_id":29619893,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2294408,"email":"l***c@yahoo.com","display_order":1073741824,"name":"Landis Mackellar","title":"Captain George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers and the Prehistory of the 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href="https://www.academia.edu/97018500/Science_and_Technology_in_the_Jazz_Age">Science and Technology in the Jazz Age</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="97018500"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="97018500"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 97018500; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + 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})(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=97018500]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":97018500,"title":"Science and Technology in the Jazz 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Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":35592,"name":"Jazz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jazz"},{"id":953669,"name":"Routledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Routledge"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294259"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294259/A_Crisis_of_Identity_Good_Aliens_Bad_Americans_or_Bargaining_Chips_U_S_Civilian_Exchanges_with_the_Third_Reich_during_World_War_II"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Crisis of Identity: Good Aliens, Bad Americans, or Bargaining Chips? U.S. Civilian Exchanges with the Third Reich during World War II" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294259/A_Crisis_of_Identity_Good_Aliens_Bad_Americans_or_Bargaining_Chips_U_S_Civilian_Exchanges_with_the_Third_Reich_during_World_War_II">A Crisis of Identity: Good Aliens, Bad Americans, or Bargaining Chips? U.S. Civilian Exchanges with the Third Reich during World War II</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The International History Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294259"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294259"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294259; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294259]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294259]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294259; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294259']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294259, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294259]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294259,"title":"A Crisis of Identity: Good Aliens, Bad Americans, or Bargaining Chips? U.S. Civilian Exchanges with the Third Reich during World War II","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The International History Review"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294259/A_Crisis_of_Identity_Good_Aliens_Bad_Americans_or_Bargaining_Chips_U_S_Civilian_Exchanges_with_the_Third_Reich_during_World_War_II","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:51:27.311-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"A_Crisis_of_Identity_Good_Aliens_Bad_Americans_or_Bargaining_Chips_U_S_Civilian_Exchanges_with_the_Third_Reich_during_World_War_II","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":29619893,"first_name":"Bradley","middle_initials":"W","last_name":"Hart","page_name":"BradleyHart","domain_name":"nationalww2museum","created_at":"2015-04-14T16:01:15.011-07:00","display_name":"Bradley W Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"}],"urls":[{"id":23678980,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07075332.2022.2045338"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294256"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294256/Agent_Shinkawa_Revisited_The_Japanese_Navy_s_Establishment_of_the_Rutland_Intelligence_Network_in_Southern_California"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Agent Shinkawa Revisited: The Japanese Navy’s Establishment of the Rutland Intelligence Network in Southern California" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294256/Agent_Shinkawa_Revisited_The_Japanese_Navy_s_Establishment_of_the_Rutland_Intelligence_Network_in_Southern_California">Agent Shinkawa Revisited: The Japanese Navy’s Establishment of the Rutland Intelligence Network in Southern California</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract Frederick Rutland’s intelligence activities in interwar Los Angeles have been the subjec...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract Frederick Rutland’s intelligence activities in interwar Los Angeles have been the subject of much analysis since the war. Interpretations range from the assertion of his biographer that he did essentially nothing illegal to the more recent claim that the technical information he provided to the Imperial Navy helped make the Pearl Harbor attack possible. This article uses recently declassified American documents and Japanese sources to shed new light on Rutland’s activities, his role in the wider Japanese intelligence apparatus, and the nature of his mission. Contra most previous analyses, these suggest that the Japanese Navy viewed Rutland as an agent with future potential for wartime rather than one who had already provided valuable services. Those included creating close relationships with high-profile Americans to get strategic information rather than technical intelligence. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294247"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294247/The_Cowboy_and_the_Mountain_Charley_Lee_Blasingame_and_Chinese_American_Interactions_in_the_Sierra_Nevada"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Cowboy and the Mountain: Charley Lee Blasingame and Chinese American Interactions in the Sierra Nevada" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778529/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294247/The_Cowboy_and_the_Mountain_Charley_Lee_Blasingame_and_Chinese_American_Interactions_in_the_Sierra_Nevada">The Cowboy and the Mountain: Charley Lee Blasingame and Chinese American Interactions in the Sierra Nevada</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Pacific Historical Review</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chinese Peak sits in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Fresno and is home to a ski resort. While m...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chinese Peak sits in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Fresno and is home to a ski resort. While many similarly named peaks derived their nomenclature from Chinese settlements nearby, Chinese Peak is named after an individual, Charley Lee Blasingame, who defied the racial discrimination of his time. A prominent rancher named J.A. Blasingame recruited Lee to the area, and Lee became a manager in the family’s livestock empire. The Blasingames referred to Lee as part of their “family”—a word they used to signify their esteem for the skills that he brought to their organization. Lee befriended Sierra Club members, meeting John Muir and Joseph LeConte. 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However, a strong disorder drives this relativistic semimetal through a quantum transition towards a diffusive metallic phase characterized by a finite density of states at the band crossing. This transition is usually described by a perturbative renormalization group in d = 2 + ε of a U (N) Gross-Neveu model in the limit N → 0. Unfortunately, this model is not multiplicatively renormalizable in 2+ε dimensions: An infinite number of relevant operators are required to describe the critical behavior. Hence its use in a quantitative description of the transition beyond one-loop is at least questionable. We propose an alternative route, building on the correspondence between the Gross-Neveu and Gross-Neveu-Yukawa models developed in the context of high energy physics. It results in a model of Weyl fermions with a random non-Gaussian imaginary potential which allows one to study the critical properties of the transition within a d = 4 − ε expansion. We also discuss the characterization of the transition by the multifractal spectrum of wave functions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f5511fcb93e5668e28719f693a31c95" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778525,"asset_id":86294244,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778525/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294244"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294244"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294244; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294244]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294244; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294244']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294244, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6f5511fcb93e5668e28719f693a31c95" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294244]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294244,"title":"The Journal of Contemporary History: Fifty Years of Change and Continuity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"SAGE Publications","grobid_abstract":"The Weyl semimetals are topologically protected from a gap opening against weak disorder in three dimensions. 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Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778524/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294243/Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era">Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Catholic Social Science Review</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. Aun cuando las características de la ocupación Moche en esta área no son completamente conocidas actualmente se dispone de valiosos datos sobre los sistemas de irrigación y comunicación, la arquitectura residencial y monumental, y la cultura material local. La presente contribución, desarrollada a partir de prospecciones en diversas secciones del valle bajo de Moche y en excavaciones en el área de Caballo Muerto, revisa propuestas anteriores sobre la relación entre la ocupación Moche en la margen norte del valle bajo de Moche y el proceso de centralización política en Huacas de Moche, examinando la historia de una serie de comunidades y centros ceremoniales al interior de un paisaje que adquiría un nuevo rol para todos sus ocupantes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="38a844641db42a480ff305b2cd04236f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778524,"asset_id":86294243,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778524/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294243"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294243"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294243; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294243]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294243]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294243; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294243']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294243, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "38a844641db42a480ff305b2cd04236f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294243]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294243,"title":"Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Philosophy Documentation Center","grobid_abstract":"Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. Aun cuando las características de la ocupación Moche en esta área no son completamente conocidas actualmente se dispone de valiosos datos sobre los sistemas de irrigación y comunicación, la arquitectura residencial y monumental, y la cultura material local. La presente contribución, desarrollada a partir de prospecciones en diversas secciones del valle bajo de Moche y en excavaciones en el área de Caballo Muerto, revisa propuestas anteriores sobre la relación entre la ocupación Moche en la margen norte del valle bajo de Moche y el proceso de centralización política en Huacas de Moche, examinando la historia de una serie de comunidades y centros ceremoniales al interior de un paisaje que adquiría un nuevo rol para todos sus ocupantes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Catholic Social Science Review","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":90778524},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294243/Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:44.607-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90778524,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778524/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11067.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778524/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Rac.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90778524/11067-libre.pdf?1662620454=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Rac.pdf\u0026Expires=1736139621\u0026Signature=Ts85W8lu2k8cUDuzvrWXoSljAq5cNZeFupamok2qbGG-AHYYbxK2Hwzr5A-fNgROh8APIkHSiHcUJty4dQ01zrpi3Yh4Riblc7ugPtbJCuzEEjvi3pyBsr-gH3l5JjA~ucCh7C7FsamtUmTAI1ugDoC7zpgbZDtkxWb34~sUTONv6d~BI9T8KliMK490yfDfM42Evc1j7QSxKOuTOvsPiD-V8iAfVFpXWMcR3wymIMssZIkslT~bga85eIuu5UzGLWzPvXnb2Jeq2EiB6ubDcJ39v5wnSyH1yuHhe5xi~XqPKw3I28dLbRVUXdhT4zNaMLZwhbyBXzAW0KcJuhEQxw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":"Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294239"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294239/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294239/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis">George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294239"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294239"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294239; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294235"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294235/Russell_Wallis_Britain_Germany_and_the_Road_to_the_Holocaust_British_Attitudes_towards_Nazi_Atrocities"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Russell Wallis, Britain, Germany and the Road to the Holocaust: British Attitudes towards Nazi Atrocities" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294235/Russell_Wallis_Britain_Germany_and_the_Road_to_the_Holocaust_British_Attitudes_towards_Nazi_Atrocities">Russell Wallis, Britain, Germany and the Road to the Holocaust: British Attitudes towards Nazi Atrocities</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European History Quarterly</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294235"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294235"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294235; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294232"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory">Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Rewriting German History</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294232"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294232"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294232; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294232]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294232; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294232']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294232, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294232]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294232,"title":"Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","publisher":"Palgrave Macmillan UK","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Rewriting German History"},"translated_abstract":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:28.320-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","owner":{"id":29619893,"first_name":"Bradley","middle_initials":"W","last_name":"Hart","page_name":"BradleyHart","domain_name":"nationalww2museum","created_at":"2015-04-14T16:01:15.011-07:00","display_name":"Bradley W Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":2036,"name":"History Of Eugenics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Eugenics"},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History"},{"id":32175,"name":"German","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German"},{"id":43023,"name":"Nazi Germany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nazi_Germany"},{"id":642637,"name":"History of Eugenics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Eugenics-1"},{"id":1452411,"name":"Interwar Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interwar_Period"}],"urls":[{"id":23678965,"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057/9781137347794_13"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294230"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294230/The_Foundations_of_the_British_Conservative_Party_Essays_on_Conservatism_from_Lord_Salisbury_to_David_Cameron"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778517/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294230/The_Foundations_of_the_British_Conservative_Party_Essays_on_Conservatism_from_Lord_Salisbury_to_David_Cameron">The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and historical underpinnings, and offers a perspective on what lessons it can learn from its past. Alastair Hill argues that the volume is impressive in scope, and shows that the party must adapt to the modern world if it is to repeat the successes of the previous century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e254e8553cd8cea7092cf10a65ed0204" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778517,"asset_id":86294230,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778517/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294230"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294230"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294230; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294230]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294230]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294230; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294230']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294230, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e254e8553cd8cea7092cf10a65ed0204" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294230]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294230,"title":"The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and historical underpinnings, and offers a perspective on what lessons it can learn from its past. 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Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">political system. Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. He marshals impressive intellectual and theoretical resources in producing an insightful history of religion and liberty in Italy, and an incisive, erudite and nuanced analysis of the interplay between them.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe73bb517401e0762bcc07ab3ec8e2e6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778518,"asset_id":86294227,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778518/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294227]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294227']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294227, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe73bb517401e0762bcc07ab3ec8e2e6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294227]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294227,"title":"Anton Weiss-Wendt and Rory Yeomans (eds), Racial Science in Hitler's New Europe, 1938-1945","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","ai_title_tag":"Racial Science and Liberty in Hitler's New Europe","grobid_abstract":"political system. Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. 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Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. 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Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294225, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294225,"title":"Science, Politics, and Prejudice: The Dynamics and Significance of British Anthropology's Failure to Confront Nazi Racial Ideology","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"European History Quarterly"},"translated_abstract":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294225/Science_Politics_and_Prejudice_The_Dynamics_and_Significance_of_British_Anthropologys_Failure_to_Confront_Nazi_Racial_Ideology","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:12.765-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Science_Politics_and_Prejudice_The_Dynamics_and_Significance_of_British_Anthropologys_Failure_to_Confront_Nazi_Racial_Ideology","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. 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Interpretations range from the assertion of his biographer that he did essentially nothing illegal to the more recent claim that the technical information he provided to the Imperial Navy helped make the Pearl Harbor attack possible. This article uses recently declassified American documents and Japanese sources to shed new light on Rutland’s activities, his role in the wider Japanese intelligence apparatus, and the nature of his mission. Contra most previous analyses, these suggest that the Japanese Navy viewed Rutland as an agent with future potential for wartime rather than one who had already provided valuable services. Those included creating close relationships with high-profile Americans to get strategic information rather than technical intelligence. They also suggest that the Japanese Navy’s skewed view of Rutland prevented it from developing a more effective prewar intelligence network, with dire consequences.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294256"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294256"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294256; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294256]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294256]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294256; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294256']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294256, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294256]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294256,"title":"Agent Shinkawa Revisited: The Japanese Navy’s Establishment of the Rutland Intelligence Network in Southern California","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Abstract Frederick Rutland’s intelligence activities in interwar Los Angeles have been the subject of much analysis since the war. 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Contra most previous analyses, these suggest that the Japanese Navy viewed Rutland as an agent with future potential for wartime rather than one who had already provided valuable services. Those included creating close relationships with high-profile Americans to get strategic information rather than technical intelligence. 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} }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294254"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294254/Hitlers_American_Friends_The_Third_Reichs_Supporters_in_the_United_States"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hitler's American Friends: The Third Reich's Supporters in the United States" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294254/Hitlers_American_Friends_The_Third_Reichs_Supporters_in_the_United_States">Hitler's American Friends: The Third Reich's Supporters in the United States</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of American History</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294254"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294254"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294254; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294252"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294252/Review_The_Coming_Man_from_Canton_Chinese_Experience_in_Montana_1862_1943_by_Christopher_W_Merritt"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Review: The Coming Man from Canton: Chinese Experience in Montana, 1862–1943 by Christopher W. 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Merritt</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Pacific Historical Review</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b99b0a3f397230d1a221df0ddc492dea" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778533,"asset_id":86294252,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778533/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294252"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294252]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294252']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294252, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b99b0a3f397230d1a221df0ddc492dea" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294252]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294252,"title":"Review: The Coming Man from Canton: Chinese Experience in Montana, 1862–1943 by Christopher W. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294247"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294247/The_Cowboy_and_the_Mountain_Charley_Lee_Blasingame_and_Chinese_American_Interactions_in_the_Sierra_Nevada"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Cowboy and the Mountain: Charley Lee Blasingame and Chinese American Interactions in the Sierra Nevada" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778529/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294247/The_Cowboy_and_the_Mountain_Charley_Lee_Blasingame_and_Chinese_American_Interactions_in_the_Sierra_Nevada">The Cowboy and the Mountain: Charley Lee Blasingame and Chinese American Interactions in the Sierra Nevada</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Pacific Historical Review</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chinese Peak sits in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Fresno and is home to a ski resort. While m...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chinese Peak sits in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Fresno and is home to a ski resort. While many similarly named peaks derived their nomenclature from Chinese settlements nearby, Chinese Peak is named after an individual, Charley Lee Blasingame, who defied the racial discrimination of his time. A prominent rancher named J.A. Blasingame recruited Lee to the area, and Lee became a manager in the family’s livestock empire. The Blasingames referred to Lee as part of their “family”—a word they used to signify their esteem for the skills that he brought to their organization. Lee befriended Sierra Club members, meeting John Muir and Joseph LeConte. While most Chinese Americans in this period faced increasing prejudice, Lee enjoyed wide respect in the local area for his expertise as a rancher and manager. On his deathbed, Lee asked the Blasingames to return his bones to China, but they refused. His successes are commemorated in the mountain peak named in his honor, though his wishes we...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9ff4a7ee446fac382130e71cf354a489" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778529,"asset_id":86294247,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778529/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294247"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294247"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294247; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294247]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294247]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294247; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294247']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294247, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9ff4a7ee446fac382130e71cf354a489" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294247]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294247,"title":"The Cowboy and the Mountain: Charley Lee Blasingame and Chinese American Interactions in the Sierra Nevada","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Chinese Peak sits in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Fresno and is home to a ski resort. 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However, a strong disorder drives this relativistic semimetal through a quantum transition towards a diffusive metallic phase characterized by a finite density of states at the band crossing. This transition is usually described by a perturbative renormalization group in d = 2 + ε of a U (N) Gross-Neveu model in the limit N → 0. Unfortunately, this model is not multiplicatively renormalizable in 2+ε dimensions: An infinite number of relevant operators are required to describe the critical behavior. Hence its use in a quantitative description of the transition beyond one-loop is at least questionable. We propose an alternative route, building on the correspondence between the Gross-Neveu and Gross-Neveu-Yukawa models developed in the context of high energy physics. It results in a model of Weyl fermions with a random non-Gaussian imaginary potential which allows one to study the critical properties of the transition within a d = 4 − ε expansion. We also discuss the characterization of the transition by the multifractal spectrum of wave functions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f5511fcb93e5668e28719f693a31c95" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778525,"asset_id":86294244,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778525/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294244"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294244"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294244; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294244]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294244; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294244']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294244, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6f5511fcb93e5668e28719f693a31c95" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294244]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294244,"title":"The Journal of Contemporary History: Fifty Years of Change and Continuity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"SAGE Publications","grobid_abstract":"The Weyl semimetals are topologically protected from a gap opening against weak disorder in three dimensions. 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Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778524/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294243/Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era">Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Catholic Social Science Review</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. Aun cuando las características de la ocupación Moche en esta área no son completamente conocidas actualmente se dispone de valiosos datos sobre los sistemas de irrigación y comunicación, la arquitectura residencial y monumental, y la cultura material local. La presente contribución, desarrollada a partir de prospecciones en diversas secciones del valle bajo de Moche y en excavaciones en el área de Caballo Muerto, revisa propuestas anteriores sobre la relación entre la ocupación Moche en la margen norte del valle bajo de Moche y el proceso de centralización política en Huacas de Moche, examinando la historia de una serie de comunidades y centros ceremoniales al interior de un paisaje que adquiría un nuevo rol para todos sus ocupantes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="38a844641db42a480ff305b2cd04236f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778524,"asset_id":86294243,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778524/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294243"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294243"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294243; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294243]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294243]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294243; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294243']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294243, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "38a844641db42a480ff305b2cd04236f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294243]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294243,"title":"Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Philosophy Documentation Center","grobid_abstract":"Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. Aun cuando las características de la ocupación Moche en esta área no son completamente conocidas actualmente se dispone de valiosos datos sobre los sistemas de irrigación y comunicación, la arquitectura residencial y monumental, y la cultura material local. La presente contribución, desarrollada a partir de prospecciones en diversas secciones del valle bajo de Moche y en excavaciones en el área de Caballo Muerto, revisa propuestas anteriores sobre la relación entre la ocupación Moche en la margen norte del valle bajo de Moche y el proceso de centralización política en Huacas de Moche, examinando la historia de una serie de comunidades y centros ceremoniales al interior de un paisaje que adquiría un nuevo rol para todos sus ocupantes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Catholic Social Science Review","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":90778524},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294243/Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:44.607-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90778524,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778524/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11067.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778524/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Rac.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90778524/11067-libre.pdf?1662620454=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Rac.pdf\u0026Expires=1736139621\u0026Signature=Ts85W8lu2k8cUDuzvrWXoSljAq5cNZeFupamok2qbGG-AHYYbxK2Hwzr5A-fNgROh8APIkHSiHcUJty4dQ01zrpi3Yh4Riblc7ugPtbJCuzEEjvi3pyBsr-gH3l5JjA~ucCh7C7FsamtUmTAI1ugDoC7zpgbZDtkxWb34~sUTONv6d~BI9T8KliMK490yfDfM42Evc1j7QSxKOuTOvsPiD-V8iAfVFpXWMcR3wymIMssZIkslT~bga85eIuu5UzGLWzPvXnb2Jeq2EiB6ubDcJ39v5wnSyH1yuHhe5xi~XqPKw3I28dLbRVUXdhT4zNaMLZwhbyBXzAW0KcJuhEQxw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Thomas_C_Leonard_Illiberal_Reformers_Race_Eugenics_and_American_Economics_in_the_Progressive_Era","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":"Esta contribución trata sobre los asentamientos involucrados en el proceso de expansión agrícola Moche en la margen norte del Valle de Moche entre los siglos V a VIII d.C. Aun cuando las características de la ocupación Moche en esta área no son completamente conocidas actualmente se dispone de valiosos datos sobre los sistemas de irrigación y comunicación, la arquitectura residencial y monumental, y la cultura material local. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294239"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294239/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294239/George_Pitt_Rivers_and_the_Nazis">George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>George Pitt-Rivers and the Nazis</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294239"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294239"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294239; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294235"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294235/Russell_Wallis_Britain_Germany_and_the_Road_to_the_Holocaust_British_Attitudes_towards_Nazi_Atrocities"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Russell Wallis, Britain, Germany and the Road to the Holocaust: British Attitudes towards Nazi Atrocities" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294235/Russell_Wallis_Britain_Germany_and_the_Road_to_the_Holocaust_British_Attitudes_towards_Nazi_Atrocities">Russell Wallis, Britain, Germany and the Road to the Holocaust: British Attitudes towards Nazi Atrocities</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European History Quarterly</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294235"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294235"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294235; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294232"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory">Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Rewriting German History</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294232"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294232"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294232; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294232]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294232; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294232']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294232, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294232]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294232,"title":"Interwar Britain and German Racial Theory","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","publisher":"Palgrave Macmillan UK","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Rewriting German History"},"translated_abstract":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294232/Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:28.320-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Interwar_Britain_and_German_Racial_Theory","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Over the past three decades, historians have uncovered vast amounts of new information about how Nazi domestic policies were perceived and interpreted beyond the Third Reich’s borders. Building on the pioneering work of scholars including Gisela Bock, Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Garland Allen, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeremy Noakes and Mark B. Adams in the 1980s, recent researchers have added substantially to the scholarly understanding not only of how Nazi racial policies were implemented in Germany but also how foreign experts, particularly those in the United States and Great Britain, directly contributed to their formulation.1 In parallel to this work, recent revisionist accounts of eugenics outside Germany have provided important new accounts of the origins of these ideas and how they developed in the interwar period.2 The result of these two strands of historiography developing simultaneously was the increasing realization that Nazi racial theories and legislation were strongly linked to events and movements beyond the borders of the Third Reich. Some of the most important early research examining these links was put forward by Stefan Kuhl, who concluded that eugenics societies around the world cultivated an extensive ‘Nazi connection’ with German racial hygienists through the 1930s.3 More recently, work by Marius Turda and Sheila Faith Weiss, along with the publication of the extensive Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, has begun to expand the scholarly understanding of eugenics beyond the traditional areas of interest into locations and contexts not previously considered, including Latin America, India, South Africa and Eastern Europe.4 In addition, Nathaniel C. Comfort’s work has situated the eugenics movements of the early twentieth century within the longer-term scientific quest for ‘human perfection’ that commenced long before, and continued beyond, the Second World War.5","owner":{"id":29619893,"first_name":"Bradley","middle_initials":"W","last_name":"Hart","page_name":"BradleyHart","domain_name":"nationalww2museum","created_at":"2015-04-14T16:01:15.011-07:00","display_name":"Bradley W Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":2036,"name":"History Of Eugenics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Eugenics"},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History"},{"id":32175,"name":"German","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German"},{"id":43023,"name":"Nazi Germany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nazi_Germany"},{"id":642637,"name":"History of Eugenics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Eugenics-1"},{"id":1452411,"name":"Interwar Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interwar_Period"}],"urls":[{"id":23678965,"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057/9781137347794_13"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294230"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294230/The_Foundations_of_the_British_Conservative_Party_Essays_on_Conservatism_from_Lord_Salisbury_to_David_Cameron"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778517/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294230/The_Foundations_of_the_British_Conservative_Party_Essays_on_Conservatism_from_Lord_Salisbury_to_David_Cameron">The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and historical underpinnings, and offers a perspective on what lessons it can learn from its past. Alastair Hill argues that the volume is impressive in scope, and shows that the party must adapt to the modern world if it is to repeat the successes of the previous century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e254e8553cd8cea7092cf10a65ed0204" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778517,"asset_id":86294230,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778517/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294230"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294230"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294230; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294230]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294230]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294230; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294230']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294230, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e254e8553cd8cea7092cf10a65ed0204" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294230]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294230,"title":"The Foundations of the British Conservative Party : Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"provides a detailed intellectual anatomy of the British Conservative Party, its philosophical and historical underpinnings, and offers a perspective on what lessons it can learn from its past. 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Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">political system. Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. He marshals impressive intellectual and theoretical resources in producing an insightful history of religion and liberty in Italy, and an incisive, erudite and nuanced analysis of the interplay between them.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe73bb517401e0762bcc07ab3ec8e2e6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778518,"asset_id":86294227,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778518/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294227]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294227']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294227, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe73bb517401e0762bcc07ab3ec8e2e6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294227]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294227,"title":"Anton Weiss-Wendt and Rory Yeomans (eds), Racial Science in Hitler's New Europe, 1938-1945","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","ai_title_tag":"Racial Science and Liberty in Hitler's New Europe","grobid_abstract":"political system. Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. 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Thus the religion of liberty must be opposed to the religions of despotism that have for so long prevailed in Italian culture and politics. Viroli employs the notion of the religion of liberty to present a heroic and tragic view of Italian history. He demonstrates the ways in which the established and conventional beliefs either prevailed or recurred in different guises in different periods. Significantly he shows the ways in which reformers and innovators were undermined by an inability to overcome the fundamental and pivotal contradiction in Italian history-namely, the opposition between the educated and secular view of elites and the popular and conventional view of religion entertained by the masses. The religion of liberty encountered numerous political and social obstacles and it was not able to displace the religions of festivals in the life and culture of the popular masses. Viroli is a brilliant guide to this struggle. 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Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294225, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294225,"title":"Science, Politics, and Prejudice: The Dynamics and Significance of British Anthropology's Failure to Confront Nazi Racial Ideology","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"European History Quarterly"},"translated_abstract":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86294225/Science_Politics_and_Prejudice_The_Dynamics_and_Significance_of_British_Anthropologys_Failure_to_Confront_Nazi_Racial_Ideology","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-07T14:50:12.765-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":29619893,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Science_Politics_and_Prejudice_The_Dynamics_and_Significance_of_British_Anthropologys_Failure_to_Confront_Nazi_Racial_Ideology","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"For two years in the turbulent mid-1930s, the Royal Anthropological Institute co-convened an expert committee tasked with scientifically evaluating Nazi claims about race. Called the Race and Culture Committee, this body was created at the behest of Charles G. Seligman and given the unofficial objective of producing a strong anti-racist statement attacking the anthropological notion of a pure Aryan race. Scientists and other scholars of Jewish descent were intentionally excluded from the Committee to pre-emptively avert attacks on the report’s validity by anti-Semites. However, such a report was never produced due to the interference of members who were committed to defending Nazi Germany and the country’s racial policies. Using newly uncovered sources, this article argues that the Committee was doomed to failure from the start, and that its demise prevented the collective British anthropological establishment from attacking Nazi views on race with a unified voice before the Second World War despite an emerging consensus that the German government’s pronouncements were scientifically indefensible. More significantly, there is also now evidence that the obstructionist faction within the Committee was taking its ideological direction directly from German scientific practitioners with their own agendas during this period, raising questions about the relationship between science, politics, and interactions between academics and the state. It was only with the later publication of We Europeans that mainstream British scientists would declare their opposition to Nazi racial views, but by then the opportunity to make a more impactful stand had been lost.","owner":{"id":29619893,"first_name":"Bradley","middle_initials":"W","last_name":"Hart","page_name":"BradleyHart","domain_name":"nationalww2museum","created_at":"2015-04-14T16:01:15.011-07:00","display_name":"Bradley W Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86294207"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294207/James_Q_Whitman_Hitler_s_American_Model_The_United_States_and_the_Making_of_Nazi_Race_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of James Q. Whitman, Hitler’s American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90778494/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86294207/James_Q_Whitman_Hitler_s_American_Model_The_United_States_and_the_Making_of_Nazi_Race_Law">James Q. Whitman, Hitler’s American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European History Quarterly</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="31b04abbfdff4fe1462ed1e151be30a4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90778494,"asset_id":86294207,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90778494/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86294207"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86294207"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294207; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294207]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86294207]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86294207; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86294207']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86294207, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "31b04abbfdff4fe1462ed1e151be30a4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86294207]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86294207,"title":"James Q. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83436261"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436261/The_Stanford_connection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Stanford connection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436261/The_Stanford_connection">The Stanford connection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Labour, British radicalism and the First World War</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83436261"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83436261"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83436261; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83436259"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436259/The_Stanford_connection_David_Starr_Jordan_eugenics_and_the_Anglo_American_anti_war_movement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Stanford connection: David Starr Jordan, eugenics and the Anglo-American anti-war movement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436259/The_Stanford_connection_David_Starr_Jordan_eugenics_and_the_Anglo_American_anti_war_movement">The Stanford connection: David Starr Jordan, eugenics and the Anglo-American anti-war movement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Labour, British radicalism and the First World War</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gavin Baird and Bradley W. Hart’s consider David Starr Jordan, a largely forgotten figure in Brit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gavin Baird and Bradley W. Hart’s consider David Starr Jordan, a largely forgotten figure in Britain, but someone with significant academic and political clout in the United States. Although Starr Jordan’s fame largely rested on his role as the first President of Stanford University, his interventions into diplomacy lent heavily on his belief in eugenics. As Baird and Hart illustrate, during the lead-up to the war and in the period before America entered the Allied side, Starr Jordan used his academic prominence to stress the dysgenic impact of the conflict on both sides of the Atlantic. Tracing his story from California to the corridors of Westminster, this chapter chronicles the interactions of an American pacifist with the Snowdens, Ramsay MacDonald, and Fabian thinkers like Graham Wallas.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83436259"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83436259"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83436259; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83436259]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83436259]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83436259; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83436259']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 83436259, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83436259]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83436259,"title":"The Stanford connection: David Starr Jordan, eugenics and the Anglo-American anti-war movement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Gavin Baird and Bradley W. Hart’s consider David Starr Jordan, a largely forgotten figure in Britain, but someone with significant academic and political clout in the United States. Although Starr Jordan’s fame largely rested on his role as the first President of Stanford University, his interventions into diplomacy lent heavily on his belief in eugenics. As Baird and Hart illustrate, during the lead-up to the war and in the period before America entered the Allied side, Starr Jordan used his academic prominence to stress the dysgenic impact of the conflict on both sides of the Atlantic. Tracing his story from California to the corridors of Westminster, this chapter chronicles the interactions of an American pacifist with the Snowdens, Ramsay MacDonald, and Fabian thinkers like Graham Wallas.","publisher":"Manchester University Press","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Labour, British radicalism and the First World War"},"translated_abstract":"Gavin Baird and Bradley W. Hart’s consider David Starr Jordan, a largely forgotten figure in Britain, but someone with significant academic and political clout in the United States. Although Starr Jordan’s fame largely rested on his role as the first President of Stanford University, his interventions into diplomacy lent heavily on his belief in eugenics. As Baird and Hart illustrate, during the lead-up to the war and in the period before America entered the Allied side, Starr Jordan used his academic prominence to stress the dysgenic impact of the conflict on both sides of the Atlantic. 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Although Starr Jordan’s fame largely rested on his role as the first President of Stanford University, his interventions into diplomacy lent heavily on his belief in eugenics. As Baird and Hart illustrate, during the lead-up to the war and in the period before America entered the Allied side, Starr Jordan used his academic prominence to stress the dysgenic impact of the conflict on both sides of the Atlantic. Tracing his story from California to the corridors of Westminster, this chapter chronicles the interactions of an American pacifist with the Snowdens, Ramsay MacDonald, and Fabian thinkers like Graham Wallas.","owner":{"id":29619893,"first_name":"Bradley","middle_initials":"W","last_name":"Hart","page_name":"BradleyHart","domain_name":"nationalww2museum","created_at":"2015-04-14T16:01:15.011-07:00","display_name":"Bradley W Hart","url":"https://nationalww2museum.academia.edu/BradleyHart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":14482,"name":"World War I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_War_I"},{"id":178104,"name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manchester_Metropolitan_University"},{"id":270801,"name":"Anti war","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti_war"},{"id":982555,"name":"Stanford University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stanford_University"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83436248"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436248/The_historic_Conservative_trend_in_favour_of_participation_in_the_EU_jars_with_contemporary_political_attitudes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The historic Conservative trend in favour of participation in the EU jars with contemporary political attitudes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88778724/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83436248/The_historic_Conservative_trend_in_favour_of_participation_in_the_EU_jars_with_contemporary_political_attitudes">The historic Conservative trend in favour of participation in the EU jars with contemporary political attitudes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Conservative Party’s position on Europe remains ambiguous – far from resolving the issue, the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Conservative Party’s position on Europe remains ambiguous – far from resolving the issue, the promise of a referendum has the party all over the place. By contrast Labour’s pro-EU position now looks set to become clear. And yet in the past it was the Tories who championed greater integration in Europe. Richard Carr and Bradley Hart trace their journey from the party of Europe to the party of cautious Eurosceptics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6480a79408d4cc956e7d192384cb34ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88778724,"asset_id":83436248,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88778724/download_file?st=MTczNjEzNjAyMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83436248"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83436248"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83436248; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83436248]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83436248]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83436248; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83436248']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 83436248, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6480a79408d4cc956e7d192384cb34ba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83436248]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83436248,"title":"The historic Conservative trend in favour of participation in the EU jars with contemporary political attitudes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Conservative Party’s position on Europe remains ambiguous – far from resolving the issue, the promise of a referendum has the party all over the place. 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