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Beskikbaar in 42 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لغات همونغ مين – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغات همونغ مين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_hmong-mien" title="Llingües hmong-mien – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezho%C3%B9_mongek-mienek" title="Yezhoù mongek-mienek – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezhoù mongek-mienek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_hmong-mien" title="Llengües hmong-mien – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengües hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-miensk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Hmong-mienské jazyky – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hmong-mienské jazyky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-Mien-Sprachen" title="Hmong-Mien-Sprachen – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hmong-Mien-Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong%E2%80%93Mien_languages" title="Hmong–Mien languages – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hmong–Mien languages" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_hmong-mien" title="Lenguas hmong-mien – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%93%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="زبان‌های همونگ–مین – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان‌های همونگ–مین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miao-jao-kielet" title="Miao-jao-kielet – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Miao-jao-kielet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_hmong-mien" title="Langues hmong-mien – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_hmong-mien" title="Linguas hmong-mien – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguas hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjao-Jao_jezici" title="Mjao-Jao jezici – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mjao-Jao jezici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Hmong-Mien" title="Rumpun bahasa Hmong-Mien – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Hmong-Mien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_hmong-mien" title="Lingue hmong-mien – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingue hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A4%E3%82%AA%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="ミャオ・ヤオ語族 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミャオ・ヤオ語族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D0%BE-%D1%8F%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Мяо-яо тілдері – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мяо-яо тілдері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%BD%EB%AA%90%EC%96%B4%EC%A1%B1" title="몽몐어족 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몽몐어족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguae_Hmong-Mien" title="Linguae Hmong-Mien – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Linguae Hmong-Mien" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_miau-iau" title="Linguas miau-iau – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Linguas miau-iau" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong%C5%B3-mien%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Hmongų-mienų kalbos – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hmongų-mienų kalbos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fianakaviam-piteny_hm%C3%B4ng-miena" title="Fianakaviam-piteny hmông-miena – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fianakaviam-piteny hmông-miena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Хмонгмјенски јазици – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хмонгмјенски јазици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Hmong-Mien" title="Bahasa-bahasa Hmong-Mien – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa-bahasa Hmong-Mien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-Mientalen" title="Hmong-Mientalen – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hmong-Mientalen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-mienspr%C3%A5k" title="Hmong-mienspråk – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hmong-mienspråk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengas_miao-yao" title="Lengas miao-yao – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengas miao-yao" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_hmong-mien" title="Języki hmong-mien – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_hmong-mien" title="Lenghe hmong-mien – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenghe hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_hmong-mien" title="Línguas hmong-mien – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Línguas hmong-mien" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3-%D0%BC%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Хмонг-мьенские языки – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хмонг-мьенские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3-%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Хмонг-мјен језици – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хмонг-мјен језици" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-mienspr%C3%A5k" title="Hmong-mienspråk – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hmong-mienspråk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha_za_Kihmong-Mien" title="Lugha za Kihmong-Mien – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha za Kihmong-Mien" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87-%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ตระกูลภาษาม้ง-เมี่ยน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตระกูลภาษาม้ง-เมี่ยน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong-Mien_dilleri" title="Hmong-Mien dilleri – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hmong-Mien dilleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BE-%D1%8F%D0%BE" title="Мови мяо-яо – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мови мяо-яо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="مونگمیائی زبانیں – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مونگمیائی زبانیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%BB%AF_h%E1%BB%87_Hm%C3%B4ng-Mi%E1%BB%81n" title="Ngữ hệ Hmông-Miền – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngữ hệ Hmông-Miền" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E7%91%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="苗瑶语 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苗瑶语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E7%91%B6%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="苗瑶语系 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苗瑶语系" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E7%91%A4%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" title="苗瑤語系 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="苗瑤語系" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33322#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hmong-Mien-tale" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Hmong-Mien-tale" 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text-align: center; background-color: #f2ceee;">Hmong-Mien-tale <div style="font-size: smaller;">Miao-Yao-tale</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Geografiese<br />verspreiding: </td> <td>Suidelike <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Volksrepubliek China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnam" title="Viëtnam">Viëtnam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taalfamilies" class="mw-redirect" title="Taalfamilies">Genetiese<br />klassifikasie</a>: </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien_tale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hmong-Mien tale (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hmong-Mien</a><b><br /> Hmong-Mien-tale</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Onderafdelings: </td> <td><div></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-tale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hmong-tale (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hmong</a> (Miao)</div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mien-tale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mien-tale (bladsy bestaan nie)">Mien</a> (Yao)</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hmong-Mien-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hmong-Mien-en.svg/300px-Hmong-Mien-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hmong-Mien-en.svg/450px-Hmong-Mien-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hmong-Mien-en.svg/600px-Hmong-Mien-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <p>Verspreiding van Hmong-Mien-tale </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Die <b>Hmong-Mien-tale</b> of <b>Miao-Yao-tale</b> is 'n <a href="/wiki/Taalfamilie" title="Taalfamilie">taalfamilie</a> wat uit sowat 38 <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">tale</a> bestaan en deur 14–15 miljoen mense gepraat word.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hulle is oorwegend oor die suidelike <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Volksrepubliek China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnam" title="Viëtnam">Viëtnam</a> versprei. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hmong_diaspora.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hmong_diaspora.png/220px-Hmong_diaspora.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hmong_diaspora.png/330px-Hmong_diaspora.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hmong_diaspora.png/440px-Hmong_diaspora.png 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1195" /></a><figcaption>Hmong-Mien-migrasie volgens tradisies</figcaption></figure> <p>Die Hmong-Mien-tale is na die twee hooftakke, naamlik die Hmong-tale (of Miao-tale) en die Mien-tale (of Yao-tale), genoem.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die taal She of Ho Nte sal moontlik 'n derde sytak kan vorm. Die <a href="/wiki/Mandaryns" title="Mandaryns">Mandarynse</a> name van die twee hooftakke is <i>Miáo</i> en <i>Yáo</i>, terwyl die <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnamese" title="Viëtnamese">Viëtnamese</a> benaming <i>H'Mông</i> en <i>Dao</i> is. Die endoniem van albei volke en tale is egter <i>Hmong</i> en <i>Mien</i>. </p><p>As gevolg van die toontaal-eienskappe van die Hmong-Mien-tale en die groot aantal van <a href="/wiki/Chinees" title="Chinees">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/Leenwoord" title="Leenwoord">leenwoorde</a> is hulle vroeër as deel van die <a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibettaanse_tale" title="Sino-Tibettaanse tale">Sino-Tibettaanse tale</a> beskou, hierdie siening is intussen verouderd. Volgens ander <a href="/wiki/Taalwetenskappe" title="Taalwetenskappe">taalkundiges</a> vorm die Hmong-Mien-tale egter deel van 'n Oos-Asiatiese of "Austriese" taalfamilie, saam met die <a href="/wiki/Austro-Asiatiese_tale" title="Austro-Asiatiese tale">Austro-Asiatiese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austronesiese_tale" title="Austronesiese tale">Austronesiese</a>, Sino-Tibettaanse, <a href="/wiki/Japannese_tale" title="Japannese tale">Japannese</a> en <a href="/wiki/Tai-Kadai-tale" title="Tai-Kadai-tale">Tai-Kadai-tale</a>. </p><p>Die grootste tale (volgens <a href="/wiki/Moedertaal" title="Moedertaal">moedertaalsprekers</a>) is: Hmong (3,7 miljoen) en Yao (1,3 miljoen). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> Lemoine, Jacques (2005). "What is the actual number of (H)mong in the world?" (PDF). <i>Hmong Studies Journal</i>. <b>6</b>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFHammarström,_Harald;_Forkel,_Robert;_Haspelmath,_Martin2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/hmon1336">"Hmong-Mien"</a>. <i>Glottolog 3.0</i> (in Engels). Jena, Duitsland: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191212010509/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/hmon1336">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 12 Desember 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glottolog+3.0&rft.atitle=Hmong-Mien&rft.date=2017&rft.au=Hammarstr%C3%B6m%2C+Harald%3B+Forkel%2C+Robert%3B+Haspelmath%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglottolog.org%2Fresource%2Flanguoid%2Fid%2Fhmon1336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHmong-Mien-tale" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verdere_leesstof">Verdere leesstof</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Verdere leesstof" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Verdere leesstof"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Chinees">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">zh</span>) </span> Chen Qiguang [陈其光] (2013). <i>Miao and Yao language</i> [苗瑶语文]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House [民族出版社]. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9787566003263" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9787566003263">ISBN 9787566003263</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> Ratliff, Martha (2010). Hmong–Mien-language history. Canberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-85883-615-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-85883-615-7">ISBN 0-85883-615-7</a></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hmong-Mien_languages" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hmong-Mien languages">Hmong-Mien-tale</a>.</li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/hmong-mien">"Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Seventeenth edition, Hmong-Mien"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnologue%3A+Languages+of+the+World%2C+Seventeenth+edition%2C+Hmong-Mien&rft.pub=Ethnologue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fsubgroups%2Fhmong-mien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHmong-Mien-tale" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hmong-Mien-languages">"Hmong-Mien languages"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hmong-Mien+languages&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FHmong-Mien-languages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHmong-Mien-tale" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primêre_taalfamilies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Taalfamilie" title="Sjabloon:Taalfamilie"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjabloonbespreking:Taalfamilie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Taalfamilie (bladsy bestaan nie)"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Taalfamilie&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primêre_taalfamilies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Primêre <b><a href="/wiki/Taalfamilie" title="Taalfamilie">taalfamilies</a></b></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oorkoepelende terme</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Australiese_tale" title="Australiese tale">Australies</a> • <a href="/wiki/Inheemse_tale_van_die_Amerikas" title="Inheemse tale van die Amerikas">Indiaans</a> • <a href="/wiki/Khoisan-tale" title="Khoisan-tale">Khoisan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Papoeas" title="Papoeas">Papoeastale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tasmaanse_tale" title="Tasmaanse tale">Tasmaans</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taalfamilies</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Algiese_tale" title="Algiese tale">Algiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Andamanse_tale" title="Andamanse tale">Andamanse tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Afro-Asiatiese_tale" title="Afro-Asiatiese tale">Afro-Asiatiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alta%C3%AFese_tale" title="Altaïese tale">Altaïese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Amerindiese_tale" title="Amerindiese tale">Amerindiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Arawaktale" title="Arawaktale">Arawaktale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Austro-Asiatiese_tale" title="Austro-Asiatiese tale">Austro-Asiatiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Austronesiese_tale" title="Austronesiese tale">Austronesiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Drawidiese_tale" title="Drawidiese tale">Drawidiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eskimo-Aleoetiese_tale" title="Eskimo-Aleoetiese tale">Eskimo-Aleoetiese tale</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hmong-Mien-tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Indo-Europese_tale" title="Indo-Europese tale">Indo-Europese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Japannese_tale" title="Japannese tale">Japannese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kartweliese_tale" title="Kartweliese tale">Kartweliese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Majatale" title="Majatale">Majatale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mongoolse_tale" title="Mongoolse tale">Mongoolse tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Na-Den%C3%A9-tale" title="Na-Dené-tale">Na-Dené-tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Niger-Kongo-tale" title="Niger-Kongo-tale">Niger-Kongo-tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nilo-Sahariese_tale" title="Nilo-Sahariese tale">Nilo-Sahariese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noordoos-Kaukasiese_tale" title="Noordoos-Kaukasiese tale">Noordoos-Kaukasiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noordwes-Kaukasiese_tale" title="Noordwes-Kaukasiese tale">Noordwes-Kaukasiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oeraalse_tale" title="Oeraalse tale">Oeraalse tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Otomangue" title="Otomangue">Otomangue</a> • <a href="/wiki/Paleosiberiese_tale" title="Paleosiberiese tale">Paleosiberiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibettaanse_tale" title="Sino-Tibettaanse tale">Sino-Tibettaanse tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tai-Kadai-tale" title="Tai-Kadai-tale">Tai-Kadai-tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Toengoesiese_tale" title="Toengoesiese tale">Toengoesiese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trans-Nieu-Guinese_tale" title="Trans-Nieu-Guinese tale">Trans-Nieu-Guinese tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tup%C3%AD-tale" title="Tupí-tale">Tupí-tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turkse_tale" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkse tale">Turkse tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uto-Asteekse_tale" title="Uto-Asteekse tale">Uto-Asteekse tale</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ander</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gebaretaal" title="Gebaretaal">Gebaretale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ge%C3%AFsoleerde_tale" title="Geïsoleerde tale">Geïsoleerde tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kreools" title="Kreools">Kreools</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kunsmatige_taal" title="Kunsmatige taal">Kunsmatige tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ongeklassifiseerde_tale" title="Ongeklassifiseerde tale">Ongeklassifiseerde tale</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pidgin" title="Pidgin">Pidgin</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33322&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33322&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33322" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" 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dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&oldid=2208098">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hmong-Mien-tale&oldid=2208098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Taalfamilies" title="Kategorie:Taalfamilies">Taalfamilies</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-bronne_in_Engels_(en)" title="Kategorie:AS1-bronne in Engels (en)">AS1-bronne in Engels (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_GND-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met 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