CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: scaphoid fracture</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: scaphoid fracture"> <meta name="keywords" content="scaphoid fracture"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="scaphoid fracture" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="scaphoid fracture"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 619</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: scaphoid fracture</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">619</span> An Unusual Fracture Pattern: Fracture of the Distal Radius (Colles') along with Fracture of the Ipsilateral Scaphoid & Capitate Bones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srikanta%20Tagore%20Sarkar">Srikanta Tagore Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanta%20Kumar%20Mandal"> Prasanta Kumar Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dibakar%20Roy"> Dibakar Roy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The association of a capitate fracture with a scaphoid fracture has been termed as the naviculocapitate syndrome. The existence of some nondisplaced fractures of scaphoid and capitate with or without the fracture of lunate or radius suggests that there is a spectrum of these injuries, and this confuses the terminology. With our case; we report an unusual variety of this naviculocapitate syndrome with distal radial Colles fracture in addition to the nondisplaced fractures of the scaphoid, capitate and the dorsal lip of radial fracture. When we looked at the literature there is no another Colles fracture reported together with undisplaced scapho-capitate syndrome. The coronal and sagittal images that obtained from the MDCT (Multidetector computed tomography) is useful and effective imaging modality to diagnose complex wrist fractures with more details that are not detected in X-rays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid" title="scaphoid">scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capitate" title=" capitate"> capitate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colles%E2%80%99%20fracture" title=" Colles’ fracture"> Colles’ fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syndrome" title=" syndrome"> syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDCT" title=" MDCT"> MDCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unusual" title=" unusual"> unusual</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13989/an-unusual-fracture-pattern-fracture-of-the-distal-radius-colles-along-with-fracture-of-the-ipsilateral-scaphoid-capitate-bones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">618</span> Macroscopic Anatomy of the Nutrient Foramina of Human Scaphoid Bone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20V.%20Murlimanju">B. V. Murlimanju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Scaphoid bone is commonly fractured among all the bones of the wrist. The fracture can damage the arteries and would cause avascular necrosis of the scaphoid. In this present study, the goal was to study the topography and number of nutrient foramina in the scaphoid bones of South Indian population. Methods: We studied 46 human scaphoid bones, among them 20 were left sided and 26 belonged to the right side. The scaphoid bones were available at the department of anatomy of our institution. The scaphoid bones were macroscopically observed for the topography and number of nutrient foramina. The data was collected, tabulated and analyzed. Results: The nutrient foramina were observed in all the scaphoid bones (100%). The locations of the foramina were over the non-articular surfaces in all these scaphoids. They were distributed over the palmar and dorsal surfaces. The foramina were found proximal as well as distal to the mid waist of the scaphoid bone. Their number ranged between 9 and 54 in each scaphoid bone. The number ranged between 2-24 over the palmar surface and 7-36 over the dorsal surface. They ranged between 2-24 proximal to the waist and 3-39 distal to the waist. Conclusion: The knowledge of arterial supply, topography of nutrient foramen and their number is essential to understand the concepts of avascular necrosis of scaphoid bone. It will be enlightening to understand the non-union of the fracture of waist of the scaphoid. The morphological data is required to the operating hand surgeon. We do believe that the present study has provided additional information about the topography and number of nutrient foramina of the human scaphoid bones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avascular%20necrosis" title="avascular necrosis">avascular necrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20foramen" title=" nutrient foramen"> nutrient foramen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid" title=" scaphoid"> scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular" title=" vascular"> vascular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42463/macroscopic-anatomy-of-the-nutrient-foramina-of-human-scaphoid-bone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">617</span> The Nutrient Foramen of the Scaphoid Bone – A Morphological Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20V.%20Murlimanju">B. V. Murlimanju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20J.%20Jiji"> P. J. Jiji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latha%20V.%20Prabhu"> Latha V. Prabhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangala%20M.%20Pai"> Mangala M. Pai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured bone of the wrist. The fracture may disrupt the vessels and end up as the avascular necrosis of the bone. The objective of the present study was to investigate the morphology and number of the nutrient foramina in the cadaveric dried scaphoid bones of the Indian population. Methods: The present study included 46 scaphoid bones (26 right sided and 20 left sided) which were obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of our institution. The bones were macroscopically observed for the nutrient foramina and the data was collected with respect to their number. The tabulation of the data and analysis were done. Results: All of our specimens (100%) exhibited the nutrient foramina over the non-articular surfaces. The foramina were observed only over the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the scaphoid bones. The foramina were observed both proximal and distal to the mid waist of the scaphoid bone. The foramen ranged between 9 and 54 in each scaphoid bone. The foramina over the palmar surface ranged between, 2-24 in number. The foramina over the dorsal surface ranged between, 7-36 in number. The foramina proximal to the waist ranged between 2 and 24 in number and distal to the waist ranged between 3 and 39. Conclusion: We believe that the present study has provided additional data about the nutrient foramina of the scaphoid bones. The data is enlightening to the orthopedic surgeon and would help in the hand surgeries. The morphological knowledge of the vasculature, their foramina of entry and their number is required to understand the concepts in the avascular necrosis of the proximal scaphoid and non-union of the fracture at the waist of the scaphoid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avascular%20necrosis" title="avascular necrosis">avascular necrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient" title=" nutrient"> nutrient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid" title=" scaphoid"> scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular" title=" vascular"> vascular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27733/the-nutrient-foramen-of-the-scaphoid-bone-a-morphological-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">616</span> Sport-Related Hand and Wrist Injuries Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergei%20Kosarev">Sergei Kosarev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wrong treatment tactics for hand and wrist sport-related injuries can lead to the inability to play sports in the future. It is especially important for professional athletes. The members of the Russian Olympic Team are treated in our hospital -Federal Clinical Research Center (Moscow). For their treatment, we use minimally invasive methods such as wrist arthroscopy and also orthobiologics procedures. In 2022 we had cases with scaphoid fracture and TFCC injuries. In all the cases, we were using the arthroscopy technic for treatment. The scaphoid fracture was fixed by K-wires with free bone grafting. For TFCC injures we used transossal sutures. Rehabilitation started the next day after surgery. Rehabilitation included hand therapy and physiotherapy. All athletes returned to the sport after 8-12 weeks after surgery. One of them had pain in the wrist after 12 weeks after surgery, not more than 4 point VAS. Pain syndrome was blocked after 2 PRP injections in the ulnar side of the wrist. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20trauma" title="sport trauma">sport trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wrist%20arthroscopy" title=" wrist arthroscopy"> wrist arthroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wrist%20pain" title=" wrist pain"> wrist pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture" title=" scaphoid fracture"> scaphoid fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152967/sport-related-hand-and-wrist-injuries-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">615</span> Operative versus Non-Operative Treatment of Scaphoid Non-Union in Children: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilja%20K%C3%A4ch">Ilja Käch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20R.%20Jandali"> Abdul R. Jandali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadja%20Zechmann-M%C3%BCller"> Nadja Zechmann-Müller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: We discuss the treatment of two young male patients suffering from scaphoid non-union after a traumatic scaphoid fracture. The currently propagated techniques for treating a scaphoid non-union in children are either the operative reconstruction of the scaphoid or the conservative treatment with splinting in a scaphoid cast. Cases: In the first case, we operated on a 13 years old male patient with a posttraumatic scaphoid non-union in the middle third with a humpback deformity. We resected the middle third of the scaphoid and grafted the defect with an iliac crest bone, and the DISI-Deformity was reduced. Fixation was performed with K-Wires and immobilisation in a scaphoid cast. In the second case a 13 years old male patient also with a posttraumatic scaphoid non-union in the middle third and humpback deformity, DISI-deformity, was treated conservatively. Immobilisation in a scaphoid cast for four months was performed. Results: Operative: One year postoperatively the patient achieved a painless free arc of motion. Flexion/Extension 70/0/60°, Radial-/Ulnarduction 30/0/30° and Pro-/Supination 90/0/90°. The computer tomogram showed complete consolidation and bony fusion of the iliac crest bone. Conservative: Six to eight months after conservative treatment the patient demonstrated painless motion and AROM Flexion/Extension 80/0/80°, Radial-/Ulnarduction and Pro-/Supination in maximum range. Complete consolidation in the computer tomogram with persistent humpback- and DISI deformity. Conclusion: In the literature, both techniques are described, either the operative scaphoid reconstruction or the conservative treatment with splinting. In our cases, both the operative and conservative treatments showed comparable good results. However, the humpback- and DISI deformity can only be addressed with a surgical approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid" title="scaphoid">scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-union" title=" non-union"> non-union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operative%20vs.%20non%20operative" title=" operative vs. non operative"> operative vs. non operative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161069/operative-versus-non-operative-treatment-of-scaphoid-non-union-in-children-a-case-presentation-and-review-of-the-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">614</span> An Unusual Case of Wrist Pain: Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of the Scaphoid, Preiser’s Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adae%20Amoako">Adae Amoako</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Montero"> Daniel Montero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Murray"> Peter Murray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Pujalte"> George Pujalte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a case of a 42-year-old, right-handed Caucasian male who presented to a medical orthopedics clinic with left wrist pain. The patient indicated that the pain started two months prior to the visit. He could only remember helping a friend move furniture prior to the onset of pain. Examination of the left wrist showed limited extension compared to the right. There was clicking with flexion and extension of the wrist on the dorsal aspect. Mild tenderness was noticed over the distal radioulnar joint. There was ulnar and radial deviation on provocation. Initial 4-view x-rays of the left wrist showed mild radiocarpal and scapho-trapezium-trapezoid (ST-T) osteoarthritis, with subchondral cysts seen in the lunate and scaphoid, with no obvious fractures. The patient was initially put in a wrist brace and diclofenac topical gel was prescribed for pain control, as a patient could not take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) due to gastritis. Despite diclofenac topical gel use and bracing, symptoms remained, and a steroid injection with 1 mL of lidocaine with 10 mg of triamcinolone acetonide was performed under fluoroscopy. He obtained some relief but after 3 months, the injection had to be repeated. On 2-month follow up after the initial evaluation, symptoms persisted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained which showed an abnormal T1 hypodense signal involving the proximal pole of the scaphoid and articular collapse proximally of the scaphoid, with marked irregularity of the overlying cartilage, suggesting a remote injury, findings consistent with avascular necrosis of the proximal pole of the scaphoid. A month after that, the patient had the left proximal pole of the scaphoid debrided and an intercompartmental supraretinacular artery vascularized. Pedicle bone graft reconstruction of the proximal pole of the left scaphoid was done. A non-vascularized autograft from the left radius was also applied. He was put in a thumb spica cast with the interphalangeal joint free for 6 weeks. On 6-week follow-up after surgery, the patient was healing well and could make a composite fist with his left hand. The diagnosis of Preiser’s disease is primarily based on radiological findings. Due to the fact that necrosis happens over a period of time, most AVNs are diagnosed at the late stages of the disease. There appear to be no specific guidelines on the management AVN of the scaphoid. In the past, immobilization and arthroscopic debridement had been used. Radial osteotomy has also been tried. Vascularized bone grafts have also been used to treat Preiser’s disease. In our patient, we used three of these treatment modalities, starting with conservative management with topical NSAIDS and immobilization, then debridement with vascularized bone grafts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wrist%20pain" title="wrist pain">wrist pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avascular%20necrosis%20of%20the%20scaphoid" title=" avascular necrosis of the scaphoid"> avascular necrosis of the scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preiser%E2%80%99s%20disease" title=" Preiser’s disease"> Preiser’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascularized%20bone%20grafts" title=" vascularized bone grafts"> vascularized bone grafts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26164/an-unusual-case-of-wrist-pain-idiopathic-avascular-necrosis-of-the-scaphoid-preisers-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">613</span> Micro-CT Assessment of Fracture Healing in Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20N.%20Shuid">Ahmad N. Shuid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azri%20Jalil"> Azri Jalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabarul%20A.%20Mokhtar"> Sabarul A. Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20F.%20Khamis"> Mohd F. Khamis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norliza%20Muhammad"> Norliza Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro-CT provides a 3-D image of fracture callus, which can be used to calculate quantitative parameters. In this study, micro-CT was used to assess the fracture healing of orchidectomised rats, an androgen-deficient osteoporosis model. The effect of testosterone (hormone replacement) on fracture healing was also assessed with micro-CT. The rats were grouped into orchidectomised-control (ORX), sham-operated (SHAM), and orchidectomised; and injected with testosterone intramuscularly once weekly (TEN). Treatment duration was six weeks. The fracture was induced and fixed with plates and screws in the right tibia of all the rats. An in vitro micro-CT was used to scan the fracture callus area which consisted of 100 axial slices above and below fracture line. The analysis has shown that micro-CT was able to detect a significant difference in the fracture healing rate of ORX and TEN groups. In conclusion, micro-CT can be used to assess fracture healing in androgen-deficient osteoporosis. This imaging tool can be used to test agents that influence fracture healing in the androgen-deficient model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androgen" title="androgen">androgen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orchidectomy" title=" orchidectomy"> orchidectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis "> osteoporosis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33626/micro-ct-assessment-of-fracture-healing-in-androgen-deficient-osteoporosis-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">612</span> Fracture Dislocation of Upper Sacrum in an Adolescent: Case Report and Review of Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Alireza%20Mirghasemi">S. Alireza Mirghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narges%20Rahimi%20Gabaran"> Narges Rahimi Gabaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although sacral fractures in children are rare due to the fact that the occurrence of pelvic fracture is not common in childhood. Sacral fractures present a high risk of neurological damage. This kind of fracture is often missed because the routine pelvic X-rays imaging scarcely show this fracture. Also, the treatment is controversial, and it ranges from fine reduction to conservative treatments without any try to reduce the dislocation. In this article, a case of fracture dislocation of S1 and S2 along with a suggested diagnostic test and treatment based on similar cases are presented. The case investigates a 14-year-old boy who entered the hospital one week after a car accident that knocked him to the ground in crawling position and a rack fell down on his body. Pain and tenderness in the sacral region and a fracture in the left leg were notable--we detected incomplete bilateral palsy of L5, S1 and S2 roots. In radiographs of the spine fracture dislocation of S1, the sacral fracture was seen. The treatment included a skeletal traction with a halo over the patient’s head and two femoral pins. After one week, another surgery was performed in order to stabilize and reduce the fracture, and we employed a posterior approach with CD and a pedicular screw. After two years of follow-up, the fracture is completely cured without any loss of reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title="adolescent">adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20in%20adolescent" title=" fracture in adolescent"> fracture in adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20dislocation" title=" fracture dislocation"> fracture dislocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrum" title=" sacrum"> sacrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34780/fracture-dislocation-of-upper-sacrum-in-an-adolescent-case-report-and-review-of-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">611</span> Failure Analysis of Fractured Dental Implants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Bansal">Rajesh Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Raj%20Sharma"> Amit Raj Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vakil%20Singh"> Vakil Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The success and predictability of titanium implants for long durations are well established and there has been a tremendous increase in the popularity of implants among patients as well as clinicians over the last four decades. However, sometimes complications arise, which lead to the loss of the implant as well as the prosthesis. Fracture of dental implants is rare; however, at times, implants or abutment screws fracture and lead to many problems for the clinician and the patient. Possible causes of implant fracture include improper design, overload, fatigue and corrosion. Six retrieved fractured dental implants, with varying diameters and designs, were collected from time to time to examine by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to characterize fracture behavior and assess the mechanism of fracture. In this investigation, it was observed that fracture of the five dental implants occurred due to fatigue crack initiation and propagation from the thread roots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title="titanium">titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental" title=" dental"> dental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implant" title=" implant"> implant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure" title=" failure"> failure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171204/failure-analysis-of-fractured-dental-implants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">610</span> Model of Elastic Fracture Toughness for Ductile Metal Pipes with External Longitudinal Cracks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guoyang%20Fu">Guoyang Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Yang"> Wei Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Qing%20Li"> Chun-Qing Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most common type of cracks that appear on metal pipes is longitudinal cracks. For ductile metal pipes, the existence of plasticity eases the stress intensity at the crack front and consequently increases the fracture resistance. It should be noted that linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) has been widely accepted by engineers. In order to make the LEFM applicable to ductile metal materials, the increase of fracture toughness due to plasticity should be excluded from the total fracture toughness of the ductile metal. This paper aims to develop a model of elastic fracture toughness for ductile metal pipes with external longitudinal cracks. The derived elastic fracture toughness is a function of crack geometry and material properties of the cracked pipe. The significance of the derived model is that the well-established LEFM can be used for ductile metal material in predicting the fracture failure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ductile%20metal%20pipes" title="Ductile metal pipes">Ductile metal pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20fracture%20toughness" title=" elastic fracture toughness"> elastic fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20crack" title=" longitudinal crack"> longitudinal crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasticity" title=" plasticity"> plasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79581/model-of-elastic-fracture-toughness-for-ductile-metal-pipes-with-external-longitudinal-cracks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">609</span> Socio-Economic Problems in Treatment of Non-Union Both Bones Fracture of the Leg: A Retrospective Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Kumar%20Kanojia">Rajendra Kumar Kanojia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treatment of fracture both bones of leg following trauma is done intially at nearby primary health care center.primary management for shock,pain,control of bleeding,plaster application. These are treated for primay fixation of fracture, debridment of wound. Then, they were refered to tertiary care where they were again and planned for further treatment. This leads to loss of lot of time, money, job, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20both%20bones%20leg" title="fracture both bones leg">fracture both bones leg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-union" title=" non-union"> non-union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ilizarov" title=" ilizarov"> ilizarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19616/socio-economic-problems-in-treatment-of-non-union-both-bones-fracture-of-the-leg-a-retrospective-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">608</span> Estimation of Reservoirs Fracture Network Properties Using an Artificial Intelligence Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Abdel%20Azim">Reda Abdel Azim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20Shehab"> Tariq Shehab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this study is to develop a subsurface fracture map of naturally fractured reservoirs by overcoming the limitations associated with different data sources in characterising fracture properties. Some of these limitations are overcome by employing a nested neuro-stochastic technique to establish inter-relationship between different data, as conventional well logs, borehole images (FMI), core description, seismic attributes, and etc. and then characterise fracture properties in terms of fracture density and fractal dimension for each data source. Fracture density is an important property of a system of fracture network as it is a measure of the cumulative area of all the fractures in a unit volume of a fracture network system and Fractal dimension is also used to characterize self-similar objects such as fractures. At the wellbore locations, fracture density and fractal dimension can only be estimated for limited sections where FMI data are available. Therefore, artificial intelligence technique is applied to approximate the quantities at locations along the wellbore, where the hard data is not available. It should be noted that Artificial intelligence techniques have proven their effectiveness in this domain of applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naturally%20fractured%20reservoirs" title="naturally fractured reservoirs">naturally fractured reservoirs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20intensity" title=" fracture intensity"> fracture intensity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20dimension" title=" fractal dimension"> fractal dimension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74553/estimation-of-reservoirs-fracture-network-properties-using-an-artificial-intelligence-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">607</span> Multi-Plane Wrist Movement: Pathomechanics and Design of a 3D-Printed Splint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sigal%20Portnoy">Sigal Portnoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yael%20Kaufman-Cohen"> Yael Kaufman-Cohen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yafa%20Levanon"> Yafa Levanon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Rehabilitation following wrist fractures often includes exercising flexion-extension movements with a dynamic splint. However, during daily activities, we combine most of our wrist movements with radial and ulnar deviations. Also, the multi-plane wrist motion, named the ‘dart throw motion’ (DTM), was found to be a more stable motion in healthy individuals, in term of the motion of the proximal carpal bones, compared with sagittal wrist motion. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the pathomechanics of the wrist in a common multi-plane movement pattern (DTM) and design a novel splint for rehabilitation following distal radius fractures. Methods: First, a multi-axis electro-goniometer was used to quantify the plane angle of motion of the dominant and non-dominant wrists during various activities, e.g. drinking from a glass of water and answering a phone in 43 healthy individuals. The following protocols were then implemented with a population following distal radius fracture. Two dynamic scans were performed, one of the sagittal wrist motion and DTM, in a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, bilaterally. The scaphoid and lunate carpal bones, as well as the surface of the distal radius, were manually-segmented in SolidWorks and the angles of motion of the scaphoid and lunate bones were calculated. Subsequently, a patient-specific splint was designed using 3D scans of the hand. The brace design comprises of a proximal attachment to the arm and a distal envelope of the palm. An axle with two wheels is attached to the proximal part. Two wires attach the proximal part with the medial-palmar and lateral-ventral aspects of the distal part: when the wrist extends, the first wire is released and the second wire is strained towards the radius. The opposite occurs when the wrist flexes. The splint was attached to the wrist using Velcro and constrained the wrist movement to the desired calculated multi-plane of motion. Results: No significant differences were found between the multi-plane angles of the dominant and non-dominant wrists. The most common daily activities occurred at a plane angle of approximately 20° to 45° from the sagittal plane and the MRI studies show individual angles of the plane of motion. The printed splint fitted the wrist of the subjects and constricted movement to the desired multi-plane of motion. Hooks were inserted on each part to allow the addition of springs or rubber bands for resistance training towards muscle strengthening in the rehabilitation setting. Conclusions: It has been hypothesized that activation of the wrist in a multi-plane movement pattern following distal radius fractures will accelerate the recovery of the patient. Our results show that this motion can be determined from either the dominant or non-dominant wrists. The design of the patient-specific dynamic splint is the first step towards assessing whether splinting to induce combined movement is beneficial to the rehabilitation process, compared to conventional treatment. The evaluation of the clinical benefits of this method, compared to conventional rehabilitation methods following wrist fracture, are a part of a PhD work, currently conducted by an occupational therapist. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distal%20radius%20fracture" title="distal radius fracture">distal radius fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging" title=" dynamic magnetic resonance imaging"> dynamic magnetic resonance imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dart%20throw%20motion" title=" dart throw motion"> dart throw motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47804/multi-plane-wrist-movement-pathomechanics-and-design-of-a-3d-printed-splint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">606</span> Development of an Image-Based Biomechanical Model for Assessment of Hip Fracture Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Nasiri%20Sarvi">Masoud Nasiri Sarvi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunhua%20Luo"> Yunhua Luo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-trauma hip fracture, usually caused by fall from standing height, has become a main source of morbidity and mortality for the elderly. Factors affecting hip fracture include sex, race, age, body weight, height, body mass distribution, etc., and thus, hip fracture risk in fall differs widely from subject to subject. It is therefore necessary to develop a subject-specific biomechanical model to predict hip fracture risk. The objective of this study is to develop a two-level, image-based, subject-specific biomechanical model consisting of a whole-body dynamics model and a proximal-femur finite element (FE) model for more accurately assessing the risk of hip fracture in lateral falls. Required information for constructing the model is extracted from a whole-body and a hip DXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) image of the subject. The proposed model considers all parameters subject-specifically, which will provide a fast, accurate, and non-expensive method for predicting hip fracture risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title="bone mineral density">bone mineral density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20fracture%20risk" title=" hip fracture risk"> hip fracture risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20force" title=" impact force"> impact force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sideways%20falls" title=" sideways falls "> sideways falls </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34060/development-of-an-image-based-biomechanical-model-for-assessment-of-hip-fracture-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">536</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">605</span> Fracture Energy Corresponding to the Puncture/Cutting of Nitrile Rubber by Pointed Blades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ennouri%20Triki">Ennouri Triki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toan%20Vu-Khanh"> Toan Vu-Khanh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Resistance to combined puncture/cutting by pointed blades is an important property of gloves materials. The purpose of this study is to propose an approach derived from the fracture mechanics theory to calculate the fracture energy associated to the puncture/cutting of nitrile rubber. The proposed approach is also based on the application of a sample pre-strained during the puncture/cutting test in order to remove the contribution of friction. It was validated with two different pointed blade angles of 22.5° and 35°. Results show that the applied total fracture energy corresponding to puncture/cutting is controlled by three energies, one is the fracture energy or the intrinsic strength of the material, the other reflects the friction energy between a pointed blade and the material. For an applied pre-strain energy (or tearing energy) of high value, the friction energy is completely removed. Without friction, the total fracture energy is constant. In that case, the fracture contribution of the tearing energy is marginal. Growth of the crack is thus completely caused by the puncture/cutting by a pointed blade. Finally, results suggest that the value of the fracture energy corresponding to puncture/cutting by pointed blades is obtained at a frictional contribution of zero. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastomer" title="elastomer">elastomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pointed%20blades" title=" pointed blades"> pointed blades</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35346/fracture-energy-corresponding-to-the-puncturecutting-of-nitrile-rubber-by-pointed-blades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">604</span> The 10-year Risk of Major Osteoporotic and Hip Fractures Among Indonesian People Living with HIV</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqbal%20Pramukti">Iqbal Pramukti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamat%20Lukman"> Mamat Lukman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasniatisari%20Harun"> Hasniatisari Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kusman%20Ibrahim"> Kusman Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: People living with HIV had a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture than the general population. The purpose of this study was to predict the 10-year risk of fracture among people living with HIV (PLWH) using FRAX™ and to identify characteristics related to the fracture risk. Methodology: This study consisted of 75 subjects. The ten-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) and hip fractures was assessed using the FRAX™ algorithm. A cross-tabulation was used to identify the participant’s characteristics related to fracture risk. Results: The overall mean 10-year probability of fracture was 2.4% (1.7) for MOF and 0.4% (0.3) for hip fractures. For MOF score, participants with parents’ hip fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid use showed a higher MOF score than those who were not (3.1 vs. 2.5; 4.6 vs 2.5; and 3.4 vs 2.5, respectively). For HF score, participants with parents’ hip fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid use also showed a higher HF score than those who were not (0.5 vs. 0.3; 0.8 vs. 0.3; and 0.5 vs. 0.3, respectively). Conclusions: The 10-year risk of fracture was higher among PLWH with several factors, including the parent’s hip. Fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid used. Further analysis on determining factors using multivariate regression analysis with a larger sample size is required to confirm the factors associated with the high fracture risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLWH" title=" PLWH"> PLWH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures" title=" osteoporotic fractures"> osteoporotic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20fractures" title=" hip fractures"> hip fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=10-year%20risk%20of%20fracture" title=" 10-year risk of fracture"> 10-year risk of fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRAX" title=" FRAX"> FRAX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184625/the-10-year-risk-of-major-osteoporotic-and-hip-fractures-among-indonesian-people-living-with-hiv" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">603</span> Actual Fracture Length Determination Using a Technique for Shale Fracturing Data Analysis in Real Time</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Wigwe">M. Wigwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y%20Soloman"> M. Y Soloman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Pirayesh"> E. Pirayesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Eghorieta"> R. Eghorieta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Stegent"> N. Stegent</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The moving reference point (MRP) technique has been used in the analyses of the first three stages of two fracturing jobs. The results obtained verify the proposition that a hydraulic fracture in shale grows in spurts rather than in a continuous pattern as originally interpreted by Nolte-Smith technique. Rather than a continuous Mode I fracture that is followed by Mode II, III or IV fractures, these fracture modes could alternate throughout the pumping period. It is also shown that the Nolte-Smith time parameter plot can be very helpful in identifying the presence of natural fractures that have been intersected by the hydraulic fracture. In addition, with the aid of a fracture length-time plot generated from any fracture simulation that matches the data, the distance from the wellbore to the natural fractures, which also translates to the actual fracture length for the stage, can be determined. An algorithm for this technique is developed. This procedure was used for the first 9 minutes of the simulated frac job data. It was observed that after 7mins, the actual fracture length is about 150ft, instead of 250ft predicted by the simulator output. This difference gets larger as the analysis proceeds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shale" title="shale">shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracturing" title=" fracturing"> fracturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir" title=" reservoir"> reservoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frac-length" title=" frac-length"> frac-length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving-reference-point" title=" moving-reference-point"> moving-reference-point</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14083/actual-fracture-length-determination-using-a-technique-for-shale-fracturing-data-analysis-in-real-time" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">754</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">602</span> Micro-CT Assessment of Fracture Healing with Targeted Delivery of Tocotrienol in Osteoporosis Model </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Nazrun%20Shuid">Ahmad Nazrun Shuid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Naina%20Mohamed"> Isa Naina Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Izzah%20Ibrahim"> Nurul Izzah Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazlina%20Mohamed"> Norazlina Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Studies have shown that oral tocotrienol, a potent vitamin E, promoted fracture healing of osteoporotic bone. In this study, tocotrienol was combined with a polymer carrier (PLGA), and injected to the fracture site. The slow and constant release of tocotrienol particles would promote fracture healing of post-menopausal osteoporosis rat model. Fracture healing was assessed using micro-CT. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomised or sham-operated and the left tibiae were fractured and fixed with plate and screws. The fractures were created at the upper third of the left tibiae. The rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated (SO), ovariectomised-control (OVxC) and PLGA-incorporated tocotrienol treatment (OVx + TT) groups. After 4 weeks, the OVx + TT group showed significantly better callus fracture healing than the OVxC group. In conclusion, tocotrienol-incorporated PLGA was able to promote fracture healing of osteoporotic bone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title="osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-CT" title=" micro-CT"> micro-CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tocotrienol" title=" tocotrienol"> tocotrienol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLGA" title=" PLGA"> PLGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19173/micro-ct-assessment-of-fracture-healing-with-targeted-delivery-of-tocotrienol-in-osteoporosis-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">601</span> Failure Criterion for Mixed Mode Fracture of Cracked Wood Specimens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Fakoor">Mahdi Fakoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mohammad%20Navid%20Ghoreishi"> Seyed Mohammad Navid Ghoreishi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigation of fracture of wood components can prevent from catastrophic failures. Created fracture process zone (FPZ) in crack tip vicinity has important effect on failure of cracked composite materials. In this paper, a failure criterion for fracture investigation of cracked wood specimens under mixed mode I/II loading is presented. This criterion is based on maximum strain energy release rate and material nonlinearity in the vicinity of crack tip due to presence of microcracks. Verification of results with available experimental data proves the coincidence of the proposed criterion with the nature of fracture of wood. To simplify the estimation of nonlinear properties of FPZ, a damage factor is also introduced for engineering and application purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20criterion" title="fracture criterion">fracture criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20mode%20loading" title=" mixed mode loading"> mixed mode loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20zone" title=" damage zone"> damage zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20cracks" title=" micro cracks"> micro cracks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72822/failure-criterion-for-mixed-mode-fracture-of-cracked-wood-specimens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">600</span> Research on the Feasibility of Evaluating Low-Temperature Cracking Performance of Asphalt Mixture Using Fracture Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Yang">Tao Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongli%20Zhao"> Yongli Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-temperature cracking is one of the major challenges for asphalt pavement in the cold region. Fracture energy could determine from various test methods, which is a commonly used parameter to evaluate the low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt mixture. However, the feasibility of evaluating the low-temperature cracking performance of asphalt mixture using fracture energy is not investigated comprehensively. This paper aims to verify whether fracture energy is an appropriate parameter to evaluate the low-temperature cracking performance. To achieve this goal, this paper compared the test results of thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) and semi-circular bending test (SCB) of asphalt mixture with different types of aggregate, TSRST and indirect tensile test (IDT) of asphalt mixture with different additives, and single-edge notched beam test (SENB) and TSRST of asphalt mixture with different asphalt. Finally, the correlation between in-suit cracking performance and fracture energy was surveyed. The experimental results showed the evaluation result of critical cracking temperature and fracture energy are not always consistent; the in-suit cracking performance is also not correlated well with fracture energy. These results indicated that it is not feasible to evaluate low-temperature performance by fracture energy. Then, the composition of fracture energy of TSRST, SCB, disk-shaped compact tension test (DCT), three-point bending test (3PB) and IDT was analyzed. The result showed: the area of thermal stress versus temperature curve is the multiple of fracture energy and could be used to represent fracture energy of TSRST, as the multiple is nearly equal among different asphalt mixtures for a specific specimen; the fracture energy, determined from TSRST, SCB, DCT, 3PB, SENB and IDT, is mainly the surface energy that forms the fracture face; fracture energy is inappropriate to evaluate the low-temperature cracking performance of asphalt mixture, as the relaxation/viscous performance is not considered; if the fracture energy was used, it is recommended to combine this parameter with an index characterizing the relaxation or creep performance of asphalt mixture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20pavement" title="asphalt pavement">asphalt pavement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20region" title=" cold region"> cold region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20cracking%20temperature" title=" critical cracking temperature"> critical cracking temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20energy" title=" fracture energy"> fracture energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-temperature%20cracking" title=" low-temperature cracking"> low-temperature cracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131656/research-on-the-feasibility-of-evaluating-low-temperature-cracking-performance-of-asphalt-mixture-using-fracture-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">599</span> Prediction and Reduction of Cracking Issue in Precision Forging of Engine Valves Using Finite Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Yang">Xi Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulent%20Chavdar"> Bulent Chavdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20Vonseggern"> Alan Vonseggern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taylan%20Altan"> Taylan Altan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fracture in hot precision forging of engine valves was investigated in this paper. The entire valve forging procedure was described and the possible cause of the fracture was proposed. Finite Element simulation was conducted for the forging process, with commercial Finite Element code DEFORMTM. The effects of material properties, the effect of strain rate and temperature were considered in the FE simulation. Two fracture criteria were discussed and compared, based on the accuracy and reliability of the FE simulation results. The selected criterion predicted the fracture location and shows the trend of damage increasing with good accuracy, which matches the experimental observation. Additional modification of the punch shapes was proposed to further reduce the tendency of fracture in forging. Finite Element comparison shows a great potential of such application in the mass production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotforging" title="hotforging">hotforging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20valve" title=" engine valve"> engine valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tooling" title=" tooling"> tooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23033/prediction-and-reduction-of-cracking-issue-in-precision-forging-of-engine-valves-using-finite-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">598</span> Numerical Investigation for Ductile Fracture of an Aluminium Alloy 6061 T-6: Assessment of Critical J-Integral</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bensaada">R. Bensaada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Almansba"> M. Almansba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ould%20Ouali"> M. Ould Ouali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ferhoum"> R. Ferhoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20E.%20Hannachi"> N. E. Hannachi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to simulate the ductile fracture of SEN specimens in aluminium alloy. The assessment of fracture toughness is performed with the calculation of Jc (the critical value of J-Integral) through the resistance curves. The study is done using finite element code calculation ABAQUSTM including an elastic plastic with damage model of material’s behaviour. The procedure involves specimens of four different thicknesses and four ligament sizes for every thickness. The material of study is an aluminium alloy 6061-T6 for which the necessary parameters to complete the study are given. We found the same results for the same specimen’s thickness and for different ligament sizes when the fracture criterion is evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=j-integral" title="j-integral">j-integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical-j" title=" critical-j"> critical-j</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage" title=" damage"> damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title=" fracture toughness"> fracture toughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26204/numerical-investigation-for-ductile-fracture-of-an-aluminium-alloy-6061-t-6-assessment-of-critical-j-integral" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">597</span> Extended Strain Energy Density Criterion for Fracture Investigation of Orthotropic Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Fakoor">Mahdi Fakoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannaneh%20Manafi%20Farid"> Hannaneh Manafi Farid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to predict the fracture behavior of cracked orthotropic materials under mixed-mode loading, well-known minimum strain energy density (SED) criterion is extended. The crack is subjected along the fibers at plane strain conditions. Despite the complicities to solve the nonlinear equations which are requirements of SED criterion, SED criterion for anisotropic materials is derived. In the present research, fracture limit curve of SED criterion is depicted by a numerical solution, hence the direction of crack growth is figured out by derived criterion, MSED. The validated MSED demonstrates the improvement in prediction of fracture behavior of the materials. Also, damaged factor that plays a crucial role in the fracture behavior of quasi-brittle materials is derived from this criterion and proved its dependency on mechanical properties and direction of crack growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-mode%20fracture" title="mixed-mode fracture">mixed-mode fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20strain%20energy%20density%20criterion" title=" minimum strain energy density criterion"> minimum strain energy density criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthotropic%20materials" title=" orthotropic materials"> orthotropic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20limit%20curve" title=" fracture limit curve"> fracture limit curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20II%20critical%20stress%20intensity%20factor" title=" mode II critical stress intensity factor"> mode II critical stress intensity factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91812/extended-strain-energy-density-criterion-for-fracture-investigation-of-orthotropic-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">596</span> Study on Effect of Reverse Cyclic Loading on Fracture Resistance Curve of Equivalent Stress Gradient (ESG) Specimen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaegu%20Choi">Jaegu Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Mean%20Koo"> Jae-Mean Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Sung%20Seok"> Chang-Sung Seok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungwoo%20Moon"> Byungwoo Moon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since massive earthquakes in the world have been reported recently, the safety of nuclear power plants for seismic loading has become a significant issue. Seismic loading is the reverse cyclic loading, consisting of repeated tensile and compression by longitudinal and transverse wave. Up to this time, the study on characteristics of fracture toughness under reverse cyclic loading has been unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the fracture toughness under reverse cyclic load for the integrity estimation of nuclear power plants under seismic load. Fracture resistance (J-R) curves, which are used for determination of fracture toughness or integrity estimation in terms of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics, can be derived by the fracture resistance test using single specimen technique. The objective of this paper is to study the effects of reverse cyclic loading on a fracture resistance curve of ESG specimen, having a similar stress gradient compared to the crack surface of the real pipe. For this, we carried out the fracture toughness test under the reverse cyclic loading, while changing incremental plastic displacement. Test results showed that the J-R curves were decreased with a decrease of the incremental plastic displacement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20cyclic%20loading" title="reverse cyclic loading">reverse cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=j-r%20curve" title=" j-r curve"> j-r curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESG%20specimen" title=" ESG specimen"> ESG specimen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incremental%20plastic%20displacement" title=" incremental plastic displacement"> incremental plastic displacement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52074/study-on-effect-of-reverse-cyclic-loading-on-fracture-resistance-curve-of-equivalent-stress-gradient-esg-specimen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">595</span> The Study on Mechanical Properties of Graphene Using Molecular Mechanics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Ling%20Chang">I-Ling Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jer-An%20Chen"> Jer-An Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The elastic properties and fracture of two-dimensional graphene were calculated purely from the atomic bonding (stretching and bending) based on molecular mechanics method. Considering the representative unit cell of graphene under various loading conditions, the deformations of carbon bonds and the variations of the interlayer distance could be realized numerically under the geometry constraints and minimum energy assumption. In elastic region, it was found that graphene was in-plane isotropic. Meanwhile, the in-plane deformation of the representative unit cell is not uniform along armchair direction due to the discrete and non-uniform distributions of the atoms. The fracture of graphene could be predicted using fracture criteria based on the critical bond length, over which the bond would break. It was noticed that the fracture behavior were directional dependent, which was consistent with molecular dynamics simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20minimization" title="energy minimization">energy minimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20mechanics" title=" molecular mechanics"> molecular mechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25956/the-study-on-mechanical-properties-of-graphene-using-molecular-mechanics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">594</span> Fracture Strength of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Plasma Sprayed Aluminum Oxide Coating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anup%20Kumar%20Keshri">Anup Kumar Keshri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvind%20Agarwal"> Arvind Agarwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum oxide (Al2O3) composite coating was synthesized on the steel substrate using plasma spraying technique. Three different compositions of coating such as Al2O3, Al2O¬3-4 wt. % CNT and Al2O3-8 wt. % CNT were synthesized and the fracture strength was determined using the four point bend test. Uniform dispersion of CNTs over Al2O3 powder particle was successfully achieved. With increasing CNT content, porosity in the coating showed decreasing trend and hence contributed towards enhanced mechanical properties such as hardness (~12% increased) and elastic modulus (~34 % increased). Fracture strength of the coating was found to be increasing with the CNT additions. By reinforcement of 8 wt. % of CNT, fracture strength increased by ~2.5 times. The improvement in fracture strength of Al2O3-CNT coating was attributed to three competitive phenomena viz. (i) lower porosity (ii) higher hardness and elastic modulus (iii) CNT bridging between splats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20oxide" title="aluminum oxide">aluminum oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title=" carbon nanotube"> carbon nanotube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20strength" title=" fracture strength"> fracture strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20spraying" title=" plasma spraying"> plasma spraying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18770/fracture-strength-of-carbon-nanotube-reinforced-plasma-sprayed-aluminum-oxide-coating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> Phenomenological Ductile Fracture Criteria Applied to the Cutting Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franti%C5%A1ek%20%C5%A0ebek">František Šebek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Kub%C3%ADk"> Petr Kubík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jind%C5%99ich%20Petru%C5%A1ka"> Jindřich Petruška</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20H%C5%AFlka"> Jiří Hůlka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present study is aimed on the cutting process of circular cross-section rods where the fracture is used to separate one rod into two pieces. Incorporating the phenomenological ductile fracture model into the explicit formulation of finite element method, the process can be analyzed without the necessity of realizing too many real experiments which could be expensive in case of repetitive testing in different conditions. In the present paper, the steel AISI 1045 was examined and the tensile tests of smooth and notched cylindrical bars were conducted together with biaxial testing of the notched tube specimens to calibrate material constants of selected phenomenological ductile fracture models. These were implemented into the Abaqus/Explicit through user subroutine VUMAT and used for cutting process simulation. As the calibration process is based on variables which cannot be obtained directly from experiments, numerical simulations of fracture tests are inevitable part of the calibration. Finally, experiments regarding the cutting process were carried out and predictive capability of selected fracture models is discussed. Concluding remarks then make the summary of gained experience both with the calibration and application of particular ductile fracture criteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductile%20fracture" title="ductile fracture">ductile fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenological%20criteria" title=" phenomenological criteria"> phenomenological criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20process" title=" cutting process"> cutting process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explicit%20formulation" title=" explicit formulation"> explicit formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AISI%201045%20steel" title=" AISI 1045 steel"> AISI 1045 steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15076/phenomenological-ductile-fracture-criteria-applied-to-the-cutting-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> Improval of Fracture Healing of Osteoporotic Bone by Lovastatin-Incorporated Poly-(DL-Lactide)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Izzah%20Ibrahim">Nurul Izzah Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Naina%20Mohamed"> Isa Naina Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazlina%20Mohamed"> Norazlina Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Nazrun%20Shuid"> Ahmad Nazrun Shuid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoporosis disease delays fracture healing. Statins have shown potential for osteoporosis and to promote fracture healing. The effects of statin can be further potentiated by combining it with a carrier known as poly-(DL-lactide), which would provide persistent release of statin to the fracture site. This study was designed to investigate the effects of direct injection of poly-(DL-lactide)-incorporated lovastatin on fracture healing of postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated (SO), ovariectomized-control rats (OVxC) and poly-(DL-lactide)-incorporated lovastatin (OVx+Lov) groups. The OVx+Lov group was given a single injection of 750 µg/kg lovastatin particles incorporated with poly-(DL-lactide). After 4 weeks, the fractured tibiae were dissected out for biomechanical assessments of the callus. The OVx+Lov group showed significantly better callus strength than the OVxC group (p<0.05). In conclusion, a single injection of lovastatin-incorporated poly-(DL-lactide) was able to promote better fracture healing of osteoporotic bone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statins" title="statins">statins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20healing" title=" fracture healing"> fracture healing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly-%28DL-lactide%29" title=" poly-(DL-lactide)"> poly-(DL-lactide)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9413/improval-of-fracture-healing-of-osteoporotic-bone-by-lovastatin-incorporated-poly-dl-lactide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Determining the Mode II Intra Ply Energy Release Rate of Composites Made of Prepreg</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Rose">Philip Rose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20Linke"> Markus Linke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Busquets"> David Busquets</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The distinction between interlaminar and intralaminar fracture toughness has already been investigated by several authors. For loading mode I, the double cantilever beam specimens were often used for the interlaminar fracture toughness and the compact tension specimen for the intralaminar fracture toughness. In order to minimize the influence of the different specimen geometries, a method was developed which allows the determination of both the interlaminar and the intralaminar fracture toughness on an almost identical specimen geometry. However, as this method is not applicable to prepreg semi-finished products, a further modification was developed, which is also suitable for prepreg laminates. After the successful application for the investigation of mode I with this method, the application of the method for loading mode II is presented in this paper. In addition to manufacturing differences, due to an additional fiber ply in which the controlled crack growth takes place, the adapted test procedure is also explained. By comparing the test results of standardized end-notched flexure (ENF) specimens with those of the modified ENF specimen, the difference between the interlaminar and intralaminar fracture toughness of the material Hexply 8552/IM7 is shown. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ENF" title="ENF">ENF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title=" fracture toughness"> fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interlaminar" title=" interlaminar"> interlaminar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20II" title=" mode II"> mode II</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160137/determining-the-mode-ii-intra-ply-energy-release-rate-of-composites-made-of-prepreg" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> Influence of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube on Interface Fracture of Sandwich Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alak%20Kumar%20Patra">Alak Kumar Patra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nilanjan%20Mitra"> Nilanjan Mitra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interface fracture toughness of glass-epoxy (G/E) PVC core sandwich composite with and without MWCNT has been investigated through experimental methods. Results demonstrate an improvement in interface fracture toughness values (GC) of samples with a certain percentages of MWCNT. In addition, dispersion of MWCNT in epoxy resin through sonication followed by mixing of hardener and vacuum assisted resin transfer method (VARTM) used in this study is an easy and cost effective methodology in comparison to previously adopted other methods limited to laminated composites. The study also identifies the optimum weight percentage of MWCNT addition in the resin system for maximum performance gain in interfacial fracture toughness. The results are supported by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis and fracture micrograph of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title="carbon nanotube">carbon nanotube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam" title=" foam"> foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-epoxy" title=" glass-epoxy"> glass-epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20fracture" title=" interfacial fracture"> interfacial fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composite" title=" sandwich composite"> sandwich composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25671/influence-of-multi-walled-carbon-nanotube-on-interface-fracture-of-sandwich-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=20">20</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=21">21</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid%20fracture&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>