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</div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">กาฬโรค</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 100 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – เยอรมันสวิส" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันสวิส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8A" title="Вабаъ – อาวาร์" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Вабаъ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="อาวาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97" title="प्लेग – อวธี" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="प्लेग" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="อวธี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taun" title="Taun – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Taun" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – ซาโมจิเตียน" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="ซาโมจิเตียน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambah-ambah" title="Ambah-ambah – เบตาวี" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ambah-ambah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="เบตาวี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampar" title="Sampar – บันจาร์" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sampar" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="บันจาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%97" title="প্লেগ – บังกลา" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্লেগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="บังกลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosenn_(kle%C3%B1ved)" title="Bosenn (kleñved) – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bosenn (kleñved)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuga" title="Kuga – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kuga" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesta" title="Pesta – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pesta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%B9%B3%CC%84-%C4%ADk" title="Chṳ̄-ĭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chṳ̄-ĭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor" title="Mor – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8C%DE%AF%DE%A2%DE%AB%DE%82%DE%B0_%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%A8" title="ތޯޢޫން ބަލި – ธิเวหิ" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ތޯޢޫން ބަލި" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ธิเวหิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Πανώλη – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανώλη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8st" title="Pèst – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pèst" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease) – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Plague (disease)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesto" title="Pesto – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pesto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katk" title="Katk – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Katk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izurri_buboniko" title="Izurri buboniko – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Izurri buboniko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความแนะนำ"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutto" title="Rutto – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rutto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – ฟริเซียนเหนือ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%80" title="મરકી – คุชราต" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મરકી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="คุชราต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C3%BA-yi%CC%8Dt" title="Chhú-yi̍t – จีนแคะ" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chhú-yi̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="จีนแคะ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%91%D7%A8_(%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%94)" title="דבר (מחלה) – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דבר (מחלה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97" title="प्लेग – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्लेग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuga" title="Kuga – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kuga" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pestis" title="Pestis – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pestis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%BF" title="Ժանտախտ – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ժանտախտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pes" title="Pes – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesto" title="Pesto – อีโด" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pesto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="อีโด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1ga" title="Plága – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Plága" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคุณภาพ"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88" title="ペスト – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペスト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჭირი – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჭირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarka" title="Tarka – กาไบล" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tarka" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="กาไบล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Оба – คาซัค" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оба" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="คาซัค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪ್ಲೇಗ್ – กันนาดา" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ಲೇಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="กันนาดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="페스트 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페스트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – คีร์กีซ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="คีร์กีซ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pestis" title="Pestis – ละติน" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pestis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ละติน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescht" title="Pescht – ลักเซมเบิร์ก" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Pescht" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ลักเซมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maras" title="Maras – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Maras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%93ris" title="Mēris – ลัตเวีย" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mēris" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเวีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82)" title="Чума (болест) – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Чума (болест)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="പ്ലേഗ് – มาลายาลัม" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്ലേഗ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="มาลายาลัม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB" title="ပလိပ်ရောဂါ – พม่า" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပလိပ်ရောဂါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="พม่า" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – แซกซอนใต้" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="แซกซอนใต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97" title="प्लेग – เนปาล" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्लेग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="เนปาล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_(ziekte)" title="Pest (ziekte) – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pest (ziekte)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8sta" title="Pèsta – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pèsta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%97" title="ପ୍ଲେଗ – โอดิยา" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପ୍ଲେଗ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="โอดิยา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Емынæ – ออสเซเตีย" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Емынæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ออสเซเตีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%97_(%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97)" title="ਪਲੇਗ (ਰੋਗ) – ปัญจาบ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਲੇਗ (ਰੋਗ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ปัญจาบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BCuma" title="Dżuma – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dżuma" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – พัชโต" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="พัชโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest%C4%83" title="Pestă – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pestă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesti" title="Pesti – ซิซิลี" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pesti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ซิซิลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuga" title="Kuga – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kuga" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_(pestis)" title="Mor (pestis) – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mor (pestis)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuga" title="Kuga – สโลวีเนีย" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kuga" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="สโลวีเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murtaja_(s%C3%ABmundje)" title="Murtaja (sëmundje) – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Murtaja (sëmundje)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Куга – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Куга" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauni" title="Tauni – สวาฮีลี" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tauni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="สวาฮีลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="கொள்ளைநோய் – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கொள்ளைநோய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81" title="ప్లేగు – เตลูกู" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్లేగు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="เตลูกู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veba" title="Veba – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Veba" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чума – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чума" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86" title="طاعون – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طاعون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peste" title="Peste – เวเนโต้" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Peste" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="เวเนโต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%8Bch_h%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Dịch hạch – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dịch hạch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest" title="Pest – เฟลมิชตะวันตก" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Pest" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="เฟลมิชตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鼠疫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჭირი – เมเกรเลีย" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჭირი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="เมเกรเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghnou" title="Binghnou – จ้วง" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Binghnou" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="จ้วง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鼠疫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C3%AD-e%CC%8Dk" title="Chhí-e̍k – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhí-e̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鼠疫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133780#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>บทความ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pestilence" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133780" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: lightgrey">กาฬโรค<br />(Plague)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/230px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg" decoding="async" width="230" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/345px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/460px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2294" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span><div><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yersinia_pestis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yersinia pestis (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Yersinia pestis</a></i> ที่กำลังขยาย 200 เท่า และติดฉลากเรืองแสง แบคทีเรียดังกล่าวเป็นสาเหตุของกาฬโรค</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">บัญชีจำแนกและลิงก์ไปภายนอก</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="บัญชีจำแนกทางสถิติระหว่างประเทศของโรคและปัญหาสุขภาพที่เกี่ยวข้อง">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/A20">A20</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="บัญชีจำแนกทางสถิติระหว่างประเทศของโรคและปัญหาสุขภาพที่เกี่ยวข้อง">ICD</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_ICD-9_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of ICD-9 codes (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">9</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=020">020</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=MedlinePlus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MedlinePlus (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">MedlinePlus</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000596.htm">000596</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMedicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMedicine (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">eMedicine</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3381.htm">med/3381</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2024/MB_cgi?field=uid&term=D010930">D010930</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>กาฬโรค</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">plague</span>) เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="โรคติดเชื้อ">โรคติดเชื้อ</a>ถึงตายที่เกิดจากเอ็นเทอโรแบคทีเรีย <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yersinia_pestis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yersinia pestis (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Yersinia pestis</a></i> ซึ่งตั้งตามชื่อนักวิทยาแบคทีเรียชาวฝรั่งเศส-สวิส <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อเล็กซานเดอร์ เยอร์ซิน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อเล็กซานเดอร์ เยอร์ซิน</a> กาฬโรคเป็นโรคที่อยู่ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="สัตว์ฟันแทะ">สัตว์ฟันแทะ</a> และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94_(%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C)" title="หมัด (สัตว์)">หมัด</a>เป็นตัวแพร่สู่มนุษย์ โรคดังกล่าวรู้จักกันตลอดประวัติศาสตร์ เนื่องจากขอบเขตการเสียชีวิตและการทำลายล้างที่โรคอื่นเทียบไม่ได้ กาฬโรคเป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="โรคระบาด">โรคระบาด</a>หนึ่งในสามโรคที่ต้องรายงานต่อ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81" title="องค์การอนามัยโลก">องค์การอนามัยโลก</a> (อีกสองโรค คือ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84" title="อหิวาตกโรค">อหิวาตกโรค</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="ไข้เหลือง">ไข้เหลือง</a>) กระทั่งเดือนมิถุนายน 2550<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>กาฬโรคสามารถแพร่ในอากาศ ผ่านการสัมผัสโดยตรง หรือโดยอาหารหรือวัสดุที่ปนเปื้อน ขึ้นอยู่กับการติดเชื้อที่ปอดหรือสภาพสุขาภิบาล อาการของกาฬโรคขึ้นอยู่กับบริเวณที่มีเชื้อมากในแต่ละบุคคล เช่น <a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" class="mw-redirect" title="Bubonic plague">กาฬโรคที่ต่อมน้ำเหลือง</a> (bubonic plague) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Septicemic_plague&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Septicemic plague (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">กาฬโรคแบบโลหิตเป็นพิษ</a> (septicemic ) ในหลอดเลือด <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pneumonic_plague&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pneumonic plague (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">กาฬโรคแบบมีปอดบวม</a> (pneumonic plague) ในปอด ฯลฯ กาฬโรครักษาได้หากตรวจพบเร็ว และยังระบาดอยู่ในบางส่วนของโลก </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[WHO IHR Brief No. 2. Notification and other reporting requirements under the IHR (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.who.int/ihr/ihr_brief_no_2_en.pdf">http://www.who.int/ihr/ihr_brief_no_2_en.pdf</a>]</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%97" class="mw-redirect" title="แบล็กเดท">แบล็กเดท</a> เหตุการณ์กาฬโรคระบาดใหญ่ในคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 14</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-disambig" title="ห่า">ห่า</a></li></ul> <style 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