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<span>Composition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Composition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Composition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_bodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_bodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Administrative bodies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_bodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supervisory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Supervisory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supervisory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Power_to_decide_upon_major_state_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Power_to_decide_upon_major_state_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Power to decide upon major state issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Power_to_decide_upon_major_state_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meetings_and_procedures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meetings_and_procedures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Meetings and procedures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meetings_and_procedures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cases</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cases subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regulations_on_Hong_Kong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulations_on_Hong_Kong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Regulations on Hong Kong</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulations_on_Hong_Kong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chairman_and_vice_chairpersons_of_the_14th_NPCSC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chairman_and_vice_chairpersons_of_the_14th_NPCSC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Chairman and vice chairpersons of the 14th NPCSC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chairman_and_vice_chairpersons_of_the_14th_NPCSC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8" title="اللجنة الدائمة للمجلس الوطني لنواب الشعب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللجنة الدائمة للمجلس الوطني لنواب الشعب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%C3%A2n-kok_J%C3%AEn-b%C3%AEn_T%C4%81i-pi%C3%A1u_T%C4%81i-h%C5%8De_Si%C3%B4ng-b%C5%AB_%C3%9Ai-o%C3%A2n-h%C5%8De" title="Choân-kok Jîn-bîn Tāi-piáu Tāi-hōe Siông-bū Úi-oân-hōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Choân-kok Jîn-bîn Tāi-piáu Tāi-hōe Siông-bū Úi-oân-hōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1l%C3%BD_v%C3%BDbor_V%C5%A1e%C4%8D%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9ho_shrom%C3%A1%C5%BEd%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_lidov%C3%BDch_z%C3%A1stupc%C5%AF" title="Stálý výbor Všečínského shromáždění lidových zástupců – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stálý výbor Všečínského shromáždění lidových zástupců" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A4ndiger_Ausschuss_des_Nationalen_Volkskongresses" title="Ständiger Ausschuss des Nationalen Volkskongresses – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ständiger Ausschuss des Nationalen Volkskongresses" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Clehiinalise_Rahvaesindajate_Kogu_Alaline_Komitee" title="Ülehiinalise Rahvaesindajate Kogu Alaline Komitee – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ülehiinalise Rahvaesindajate Kogu Alaline Komitee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_Permanente_de_la_Asamblea_Popular_Nacional" title="Comité Permanente de la Asamblea Popular Nacional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comité Permanente de la Asamblea Popular Nacional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%82" title="کمیته دائمی کنگره ملی خلق – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمیته دائمی کنگره ملی خلق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_permanent_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_populaire" title="Comité permanent de l'Assemblée nationale populaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Comité permanent de l'Assemblée nationale populaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EB%8C%80%ED%91%9C%EB%8C%80%ED%9A%8C_%EC%83%81%EB%AC%B4%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" title="전국인민대표대회 상무위원회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전국인민대표대회 상무위원회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komite_Tetap_Kongres_Rakyat_Nasional" title="Komite Tetap Kongres Rakyat Nasional – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komite Tetap Kongres Rakyat Nasional" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comitato_permanente_dell%27Assemblea_nazionale_del_popolo" title="Comitato permanente dell'Assemblea nazionale del popolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comitato permanente dell'Assemblea nazionale del popolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Постојан комитет на Националното народно собрание – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Постојан комитет на Националното народно собрание" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanente_Comit%C3%A9_van_het_Nationaal_Volkscongres" title="Permanente Comité van het Nationaal Volkscongres – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Permanente Comité van het Nationaal Volkscongres" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%9A" title="全国人民代表大会常務委員会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="全国人民代表大会常務委員会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_nasjonale_folkekongress%E2%80%99_st%C3%A5ende_komite" title="Den nasjonale folkekongress’ stående komite – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den nasjonale folkekongress’ stående komite" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਪੀਪਲਜ਼ ਕਾਂਗਰਸ ਦੀ ਸਥਾਈ ਕਮੇਟੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਪੀਪਲਜ਼ ਕਾਂਗਰਸ ਦੀ ਸਥਾਈ ਕਮੇਟੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sta%C5%82y_Komitet_Og%C3%B3lnochi%C5%84skiego_Zgromadzenia_Przedstawicieli_Ludowych" title="Stały Komitet Ogólnochińskiego Zgromadzenia Przedstawicieli Ludowych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stały Komitet Ogólnochińskiego Zgromadzenia Przedstawicieli Ludowych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Постоянный комитет Всекитайского собрания народных представителей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Постоянный комитет Всекитайского собрания народных представителей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiinan_kansankongressin_pysyv%C3%A4_komitea" title="Kiinan kansankongressin pysyvä komitea – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kiinan kansankongressin pysyvä komitea" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="คณะกรรมาธิการสามัญประจำสภาประชาชนแห่งชาติ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คณะกรรมาธิการสามัญประจำสภาประชาชนแห่งชาติ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Permanent legislative body of China</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Presidium of the National People's Congress">Presidium of the National People's Congress</a> or <a 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border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China</div> <br /><div style="display:inline" class="nickname"><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会<br />常务委员会</span></span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Standing Committee of the <a href="/wiki/14th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="14th National People's Congress">14th National People's Congress</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/150px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/225px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/300px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/System_of_people%27s_congress" title="System of people's congress">Permanent body</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) <br />since 10 March 2023 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairpersons</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongming" title="Wang Dongming">Wang Dongming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xiao_Jie" title="Xiao Jie">Xiao Jie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tie_Ning" title="Tie Ning">Tie Ning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peng_Qinghua" title="Peng Qinghua">Peng Qinghua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingwei" title="Zhang Qingwei">Zhang Qingwei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">CCP</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_of_the_Kuomintang" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang">RCCK</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zhongli" title="Ding Zhongli">Ding Zhongli</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_League" title="China Democratic League">CDL</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Hao_Mingjin" title="Hao Mingjin">Hao Mingjin</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_National_Construction_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="China Democratic National Construction Association">CDNCA</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cai_Dafeng" title="Cai Dafeng">Cai Dafeng</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Association_for_Promoting_Democracy" title="China Association for Promoting Democracy">CAPD</a><br /><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Peasants%27_and_Workers%27_Democratic_Party" title="Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party">CPWDP</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wu_Weihua" title="Wu Weihua">Wu Weihua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiusan_Society" title="Jiusan Society">JS</a> <br />since 10 March 2023 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">Secretary-General</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1957)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1957)">Liu Qi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">CCP</a> <br />since 10 March 2023 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">175</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NPC_Standing_Committee.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NPC_Standing_Committee.svg/250px-NPC_Standing_Committee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NPC_Standing_Committee.svg/375px-NPC_Standing_Committee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NPC_Standing_Committee.svg/500px-NPC_Standing_Committee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Ruling party</b> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DD0000; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">CCP</a> (117)</li></ul> <p><b>Democratic Parties and Independents</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#cb7e1f; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_League" title="China Democratic League">CDL</a> (9)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFF500; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/China_Association_for_Promoting_Democracy" title="China Association for Promoting Democracy">CAPD</a> (7)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1b65af; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Kuomintang" title="Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang">RCCK</a> (6)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#189df0; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Peasants%27_and_Workers%27_Democratic_Party" title="Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party">CPWDP</a> (5)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Indianred; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Jiusan_Society" title="Jiusan Society">JS</a> (5)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Orangered; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/China_National_Democratic_Construction_Association" title="China National Democratic Construction Association">CNDCA</a> (4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1678C1; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Democratic_Self-Government_League" title="Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League">TDSL</a> (4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/China_Zhi_Gong_Party" title="China Zhi Gong Party">CZGP</a> (3)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C2C2C2; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (13)</li></ul> <p><b>Vacant</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:vacant; color:;"> </span> Vacant (2)</span></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">Indirect</a> modified <a href="/wiki/Multiple_non-transferable_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple non-transferable vote">block</a> <a href="/wiki/Combined_approval_voting" title="Combined approval voting">combined approval voting</a><sup id="cite_ref-Election_11_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Election_11-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-el_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cgov_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgov-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ciis_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2023_National_People%27s_Congress" title="2023 National People's Congress">March 2023</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data">March 2028</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG/250px-Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG/375px-Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG/500px-Great_Hall_Of_The_People_At_Night.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="1639" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Great_Hall_of_the_People" title="Great Hall of the People">Great Hall of the People</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xicheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xicheng District">Xicheng District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.npc.gov.cn.cdurl.cn/">en<wbr />.npc<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn<wbr />.cdurl<wbr />.cn</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19214#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #DD0000; border-bottom: 2px solid #DD0000">Rules</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Law/2007-12/12/content_1383928.htm">Rules of Procedure for the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> (in English)</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg/220px-Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg/330px-Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg/440px-Tiananmen_Square_Visit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Conference Room of the NPC Standing Committee on <a href="/wiki/Great_Hall_of_the_People" title="Great Hall of the People">Great Hall of the People</a> second floor</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_People%27s_Congress_Building_(20200904130106).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg/220px-National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg/330px-National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg/440px-National_People%27s_Congress_Building_%2820200904130106%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2688" /></a><figcaption>National People's Congress Office Building in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</b> (<b>NPCSC</b>) is the permanent body of the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> (NPC), the national legislature of the People's Republic of China. It exercises the powers of the NPC when it is not in session. </p><p>The NPCSC is composed of a chairman, vice chairpersons, a secretary-general, and regular members, all of whom are elected by regular NPC sessions. The day-to-day operations of the Standing Committee are handled by the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chairpersons" title="Council of Chairpersons">Council of Chairpersons</a>, which is composed of the chairman, vice chairpersons, and the secretary-general. Although the parent NPC officially has superiority over the Standing Committee, and certain authorities are not delegated, the Standing Committee is generally viewed to have more <i>de facto</i> power, as the NPC convenes only once a year for two weeks, leaving its Standing Committee the only body that regularly drafts and approves decisions and laws. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1954, the <a href="/wiki/1st_National_People%27s_Congress" title="1st National People's Congress">1st National People's Congress</a> was held in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, which became the statutory <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> of the People's Republic of China. The Standing Committee was established as its permanent body. The <a href="/wiki/1954_Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China">1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China</a> stipulates that "the National People's Congress is the sole organ that exercises the legislative power of the state" and that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has only the power to "interpret laws" and "enact decrees". However, because the number of delegates to the National People's Congress is in the thousands and non-full-time, only one meeting is held annually, and the meeting period cannot be too long. The 2nd NPC authorized its Standing Committee the power to exercise legislative power when the NPC is not in session.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (June 2023)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>For a while after <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Proclamation of the People's Republic of China">establishment of the People's Republic</a>, the power of the Standing Committee was limited to <a href="/wiki/Judicial_interpretation" title="Judicial interpretation">interpretation</a> of its <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the People's Republic of China">constitution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">laws</a>. At present, the NPC Standing Committee plays a key role in legislation and has the power to promulgate and amend most laws and decrees. <a href="/wiki/Bill_(law)" title="Bill (law)">Bills</a> voted on by the National People's Congress are usually submitted by the Standing Committee after its <a href="/wiki/Third_reading" class="mw-redirect" title="Third reading">third reading</a>. </p><p>During the political chaos of the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>, the NPC rarely held meetings and the Standing Committee virtually ceased to function. During this period, Chairman <a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a> and First <a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairman</a> <a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a> had both died, which enabled Vice Chairman <a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_of_the_Kuomintang" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang">Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang</a>, to exercise the functions and powers of Chairman of the NPCSC to a certain extent. With the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Abolition_in_1975" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">abolition of the presidency</a> in 1975, she effectively became the first female <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> in China by <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress#Powers" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">legal definition</a>. </p><p>In 1980, after the decision of the <a href="/wiki/5th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="5th National People's Congress">5th National People's Congress</a>, the "Committee for the Amendment of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China" was formally established, presided over by <a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a>, Soong Ching Ling and <a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a>, and including the main leaders of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_China" title="List of political parties in China">democratic parties</a>, social organizations and jurists. It was responsible for amending and establishing the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#1982_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the People's Republic of China">new constitution</a>. During the discussion on constitutional amendment, <a href="/wiki/Hu_Qiaomu" title="Hu Qiaomu">Hu Qiaomu</a>, secretary general of the Constitution Revision Committee, proposed cutting the number of NPC deputies to 1,000 and setting up two <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chambers</a> of 500 each under the NPC to make the NPC a permanent, <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> body, in an attempt to change its image as a "<a href="/wiki/Rubber_stamp_(politics)" title="Rubber stamp (politics)">rubber stamp</a>". Another committee member proposed to imitate the system used by the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union with one chamber composed of representatives from different regions and the other composed of representatives from different <a href="/wiki/Functional_constituency_(Hong_Kong)" title="Functional constituency (Hong Kong)">professional sectors</a>. Opponents, led by <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> and Ye Jianying, argued that "if the two parties disagree, it will be very troublesome to coordinate and difficult to operate". A compromise was finally reached that greatly expanded the powers of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, making it a permanent legislature with the power to enact most laws and to review those for approval by the NPC.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (June 2023)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NPCSC currently has 175 members, and consists of a <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">chairman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">vice chairpersons</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Secretary-General of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>, and regular members.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chairman presides over the NPCSC, and presides and convenes its work. The chairman has conventionally been one of the top members of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>, ranking as either the second-ranking or third-ranking member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee</a> since 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETruex201653_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETruex201653-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chairman, vice chairpersons and the secretary-general collectively make up the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chairpersons" title="Council of Chairpersons">Council of Chairpersons</a>, which handles the Standing Committee's daily affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the NPCSC must not, at the same time, hold executive, judicial, or supervisory positions. Other members of the NPC do not have this restriction.<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (June 2023)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Election">Election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Standing Committee is <a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">elected</a> by and from the NPC delegates during a NPC plenary session.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The candidates for the NPCSC chairperson, vice chairpersons, secretary-general, and regular members are nominally nominated by the <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Presidium of the National People's Congress">NPC Presidium</a>, though the nomination process is effectively controlled by the CCP.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elections for the non-regular NPCSC members, along with all other NPC elections are not competitive, with a single candidate proposed by the Presidium. In contrast, the elections for the regular NPCSC members have been the only competitive elections in the NPC since 1988; there are more nominees than available seats.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_bodies">Administrative bodies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Administrative bodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of administrative bodies have also been established under the Standing Committee to provide support for the day-to-day operation of the NPC. These include:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="General Office of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">General Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Affairs_Commission" title="Legislative Affairs Commission">Legislative Affairs Commission</a></li> <li>Budgetary Affairs Commission</li> <li>Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee</li> <li>Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions_and_powers">Functions and powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Functions and powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative">Legislative</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legislative"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NPC and its Standing Committee jointly exercise the power to enact laws in China. The legislative functions of the Standing Committee constitutionally include: drafting and revising laws except those to be enacted only by the full congress of the NPC; partially supplementing and amending, when the NPC is not in session, laws enacted by the NPC, provided that the basic principles of these laws are not contravened.<sup id="cite_ref-Functions_and_Powers_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Functions_and_Powers-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, day-to-day legislative work is conducted by the Standing Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETruex201651_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETruex201651-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the NPC has the power to revoke "inappropriate decisions" made by the Standing Committee, so far this power has never been used. As a result, the NPC Standing Committee often has a greater say in legislative deliberations. </p><p> The NPCSC has the power of <a href="/wiki/Judicial_interpretation" title="Judicial interpretation">judicial interpretation</a> of the constitution and law in the PRC,<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Basic Law of Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macao_Basic_Law" title="Macao Basic Law">Macau</a>. In contrast to <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> jurisdiction in which <i><a href="/wiki/Stare_decisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Stare decisis">stare decisis</a></i> gives the power of both final interpretation and adjudication to a <a href="/wiki/Supreme_court" title="Supreme court">supreme court</a>, within mainland China constitutional and legal interpretation is considered to be a legislative activity rather than a judicial one, and the functions are split so that the NPCSC provides legal interpretations while the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="Supreme People's Court">Supreme People's Court</a> actually decides cases. Because an interpretation of the NPCSC is legislative in nature and not judicial, it does not affect cases which have already been decided.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></p><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">全国人民代表大会常务委员会</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">全國人民代表大會常務委員會</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Chʻüan2-kuo2 Jên2-min2 Tai4-piao3 Ta4-hui4 Chʻang2-wu4 Wei3-yüan2-hui4</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Chyùhn gwok Yàhn màhn Doih bíu Daaih wuih Sèuhng mouh Wái yùhn wuih</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Cyun<sup>4</sup> gwok<sup>3</sup> Jan<sup>4</sup> man<sup>4</sup> Doi<sup>6</sup> biu<sup>2</sup> Daai<sup>6</sup> wui<sup>6</sup> Soeng<sup>4</sup> mou<sup>6</sup> Wai<sup>2</sup> jyun<sup>4</sup> wui<sup>6</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Officially abbreviated as</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">全国人大常委会</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">全國人大常委會</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Quánguó Réndà Chángwěihuì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Chʻüan2-kuo2 Jên2-ta4 Chʻang2-wei3-hui4</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supervisory">Supervisory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Supervisory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The NPC Standing Committee has the power to supervise the enforcement of the Constitution. It supervises the work of the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission of the PRC</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a>, the Supreme People's Court and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">Supreme People's Procuratorate</a>. It has the power to annul administrative regulations, decisions and orders of the State Council that go against the Constitution and other legislative acts of the NPC and itself, and to annul local regulations or decisions of the organs of state power of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government that contravene the Constitution, other laws or administrative regulations of all levels of government, especially national. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_to_decide_upon_major_state_issues">Power to decide upon major state issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Power to decide upon major state issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the NPC is not in session, the Standing Committee examines and approves partial adjustments to the plan for national economic and social development or to the state budget that prove necessary in the course of their implementation. The Standing Committee decides whether to <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratify</a> or abrogate <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a> and important agreements reached with other countries. It institutes systems of titles and ranks for military and diplomatic personnel, and other specific titles and ranks, <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_China" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of China">state medals and titles of honor</a> as well as the granting of special pardons. </p><p>The NPCSC decides on general or partial mobilization, and on entering into a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> throughout China or in particular provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the central government. When the NPC is not in session, the Standing Committee decides whether to proclaim a state of war in the event of an armed attack on China or in fulfillment of international treaty obligations concerning a common defense against aggression.<sup id="cite_ref-Functions_and_Powers_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Functions_and_Powers-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (June 2023)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meetings_and_procedures">Meetings and procedures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Meetings and procedures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term of office of a member of the NPC Standing Committee is the same as that of the current NPC, and is generally five years. It remains in power until the succeeding NPC elects its standing committee.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It convenes the NPC once a year, and may do so when it finds it necessary or with a proposal from one fifth of NPC's members. </p><p>The NPC Standing Committee usually holds a committee session once every two months, usually late in even-numbered months, with each session of the committee lasting a week.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may also hold interim sessions if there is a special need. The meetings are convened and chaired by the chairperson. The chairperson may delegate a vice chairperson to preside over a committee session on his or her behalf. Sessions of the Standing Committee may not be held unless a quorum is met of more than half of the members of the Standing Committee present. The <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chairpersons" title="Council of Chairpersons">Council of Chairpersons</a> shall draft the session agenda of the Standing Committee for the period pertaining and refer it to a plenary session of the Standing Committee for a decision.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to law, a bill may be proposed by the Chairperson's Council, or submitted to the Committee by the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate and deputies of the special committees of the National People's Congress (or the committee chairmen of these). Ten or more deputies of the Standing Committee may also sign and introduce a bill. After the bill is introduced, the Chairman's Council shall decide on the agenda of the ongoing session of the Standing Committee. The Chairman's Council may refer the bill to the relevant <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress#Special_committees" title="National People's Congress">special committee</a> for deliberation and submit a report before deciding to put it on the agenda of the Standing Committee either for the current session or in forthcoming sessions. It also has the right to vote to reject the bill proposed by the above-mentioned body. When the Chairman's Council rejects a bill, it shall explain the reasons to the Standing Committee and the bill sponsor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A bill put on the agenda of a Standing Committee session shall be deliberated by the Standing Committee for three times before it is submitted to a vote by deputies. At the first reading, an explanation of the legislative bill made by its sponsor shall be heard in a plenary session of the Standing Committee and then it shall be preliminarily deliberated at group meetings by deputies in the period between sessions. At the second reading, a report of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_and_Law_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution and Law Committee of the National People's Congress">Constitution and Law Committee</a> on the revision of the draft law and main problems concerned shall be heard in a plenary session, and then the legislative bill shall be further deliberated at group meetings. At the third reading, a report of the aforementioned committee on the results of its deliberation over the draft law shall be heard in another plenary session, and then the revised draft of the law shall be deliberated at group meetings for any final changes. After the revised draft law has been deliberated during sessions of the Standing Committee, the Constitution and Law Committee revises it in accordance with the deliberation opinions of the Standing Committee members and prepares the final version to be voted on. The Council of Chairpersons then refers the legislative bill to the Standing Committee for a vote. If the Standing Committee fails to reach an agreement on the bill during the third reading, it shall convene joint group meetings and additional plenary sessions for further discussion, or invite relevant personages, experts and scholars to hold hearings regarding the bill before either the whole of the Committee or within groups. After reaching an agreement, it is sent for the vote in a plenary session.<sup id="cite_ref-parliamentary_procedures_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parliamentary_procedures-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (June 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>For a bill that has been put on the agenda of the session of the Standing Committee, after each deliberation of the session of the Standing Committee, the draft law and the explanation of its drafting and amendment will be published on the website of the People's Republic of China or the Chinese Government Legal Information Network for public comment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When voting, the NPC Standing Committee session adopts the <a href="/wiki/Supermajority#Majority_of_the_entire_membership" title="Supermajority">absolute majority</a> system, that is, more than half of the committee members present in a session thus producing a quorum, and more than half of the committee members voted in favor, then the bill can be passed. When an affirmative vote and an abstention vote are equal, the chairman has no right to cast a decision vote, and the bill is vetoed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In fact, although most of the bills deliberated by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) have been agreed upon at the third reading, there are still some bills that have been rejected at the voting stage in the history of the Standing Committee of the NPC. For example, in 1989, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress vetoed the <i>Organic Law of the Urban Residents Committees of the People's Republic of China</i> (Draft) due to different opinions on the wording of the provisions of the bill. For example, in 1999, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress rejected the <i>Highway Law of the People's Republic of China</i> (Amendment) with 77 votes in favor, 6 against, 42 abstentions and 29 people not participating in the voting, which was just 50% of the total votes.<sup id="cite_ref-parliamentary_procedures_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parliamentary_procedures-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (June 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cases">Cases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regulations_on_Hong_Kong">Regulations on Hong Kong</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Regulations on Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A notable use of the constitutional interpretation power occurred in 1999 over the <a href="/wiki/Right_of_abode_in_Hong_Kong" title="Right of abode in Hong Kong">right of abode issue</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Lau_Kong_Yung_v._Director_of_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Lau Kong Yung v. Director of Immigration">Lau Kong Yung v. Director of Immigration</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NPCSC interpreted the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Basic Law of Hong Kong</a> in accordance with the position taken by the Hong Kong government with respect to the eligibility of permanent residency in Hong Kong. </p><p>In 2014, the NPCSC <a href="/wiki/2014_NPCSC_Decision_on_Hong_Kong" title="2014 NPCSC Decision on Hong Kong">set rules</a> for the election of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">chief executive</a> of Hong Kong, a decision that was widely opposed by the pro-democracy camp and led to the <a href="/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2014 Hong Kong protests">Umbrella Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the NPCSC ruled that Hong Kong lawmakers who take their oath improperly could be immediately disqualified.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2020, the NPCSC created and passed the <a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">Hong Kong National Security Law</a>, legislation that was kept secret until shortly before it took effect.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2020, <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Lam" title="Carrie Lam">Carrie Lam</a> sought help from the NPCSC to give authority for the Hong Kong government to disqualify 4 pro-democracy lawmakers from the Legislative Council.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2020, it was reported that the NPCSC would move to diminish opposition from <a href="/wiki/District_councils_of_Hong_Kong" title="District councils of Hong Kong">district councillors</a>, by unseating those who "breached the red line" and also by removing the 117 seats belonging to district councillors in the <a href="/wiki/Election_Committee_(Hong_Kong)" title="Election Committee (Hong Kong)">chief executive election committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier in December 2019, Carrie Lam said that the opposition district councillors would be treated the same as those from the pro-Beijing camp, and that "There is no question of the government's commitment to continue to respect the roles and functions of the district council."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2021, the NPCSC approved <a href="/wiki/2021_Hong_Kong_electoral_changes" title="2021 Hong Kong electoral changes">changes to Hong Kong's electoral system</a>, allowing only "patriots" to serve in the government, and also reducing democratic representation.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2022, after John Lee asked the NPCSC whether <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Lai" title="Jimmy Lai">Jimmy Lai</a> could hire a foreign lawyer, the NPCSC ruled that foreign lawyers could only be hired for national security cases if approved by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">chief executive</a> or by the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Committee for Safeguarding National Security</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chairman_and_vice_chairpersons_of_the_14th_NPCSC">Chairman and vice chairpersons of the 14th NPCSC</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chairman and vice chairpersons of the 14th NPCSC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elected by the <a href="/wiki/14th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="14th National People's Congress">14th National People's Congress</a> at its 1st session: </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman</a></dt> <dd> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a> (b. March 1957): 3rd-ranked member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Vice chairpersons</a> (14)</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a> (b. August 1956): member of the CCP Politburo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongming" title="Wang Dongming">Wang Dongming</a> (b. July 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Jie" title="Xiao Jie">Xiao Jie</a> (b. June 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a> (b. January 1957): chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Kuomintang" title="Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang">Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zhongli" title="Ding Zhongli">Ding Zhongli</a> (b. January 1957): chairman of the <a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_League" title="China Democratic League">China Democratic League</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Mingjin" title="Hao Mingjin">Hao Mingjin</a> (b. December 1956): chairman of the <a href="/wiki/China_National_Democratic_Construction_Association" title="China National Democratic Construction Association">China National Democratic Construction Association</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Dafeng" title="Cai Dafeng">Cai Dafeng</a> (b. June 1960): chairman of the <a href="/wiki/China_Association_for_Promoting_Democracy" title="China Association for Promoting Democracy">China Association for Promoting Democracy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a> (b. December 1955): chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Peasants%27_and_Workers%27_Democratic_Party" title="Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party">Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Weihua" title="Wu Weihua">Wu Weihua</a> (b. September 1956): chairman of <a href="/wiki/Jiusan_Society" title="Jiusan Society">Jiusan Society</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_Ning" title="Tie Ning">Tie Ning</a> (b. September 1957): chair of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and of the Chinese Writers Association.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Qinghua" title="Peng Qinghua">Peng Qinghua</a> (b. April 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingwei" title="Zhang Qingwei">Zhang Qingwei</a> (b. November 1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a> (b. July 1957): member of the 18th CCCPC; the former chairman of the Standing Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region People's Congress, and the Chairman of the Tibet Autonomous Region.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a> (b. August 1953): former chairman of Xinjiang.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_Supreme_Soviet" title="Presidium of the Supreme Soviet">Presidium of the Supreme Soviet</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> institution, after which Standing Committee of the NPC was modelled.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly">Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly</a> of North Korea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Cuba)" title="Council of State (Cuba)">Council of State</a> of Cuba</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTruex2016" class="citation book cs1">Truex, Rory (2016). <i>Making Autocracy Work: Representation and Responsiveness in Modern China</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107172432" title="Special:BookSources/9781107172432"><bdi>9781107172432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+Autocracy+Work%3A+Representation+and+Responsiveness+in+Modern+China&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781107172432&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=Rory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStanding+Committee+of+the+National+People%27s+Congress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackerrasMcMillenWatson2001" class="citation book cs1">Mackerras, Colin; McMillen, Donald; Watson, Andrew (2001). <i>Dictionary of the Politics of the People's Republic of China</i>. 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_People%27s_Congress" title="Template:National People's Congress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_People%27s_Congress" title="Template talk:National People's Congress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_People%27s_Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National People's Congress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plenary_session" title="Plenary session">Plenary sessions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_National_People%27s_Congress" title="1st National People's Congress">1st (1954–1959)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_National_People%27s_Congress" title="2nd National People's Congress">2nd (1959–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_National_People%27s_Congress" title="3rd National People's Congress">3rd (1964–1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="4th National People's Congress">4th (1975–1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="5th National People's Congress">5th (1978–1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="6th National People's Congress">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="7th National People's Congress">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="8th National People's Congress">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="9th National People's Congress">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="10th National People's Congress">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="11th National People's Congress">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="12th National People's Congress">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="13th National People's Congress">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="14th National People's Congress">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Presidium of the National People's Congress">Presidium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_voting_results_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="List of voting results of the National People's Congress">Voting results</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Standing<br />Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shaoqi" title="Liu Shaoqi">Liu Shaoqi</a> (1954–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a> (1959–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Qingling" class="mw-redirect" title="Song Qingling">Song Qingling</a> (<i>acting</i>, 1976–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a> (1978–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a> (1983–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a> (1988–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a> (1993–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a> (1998–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo">Wu Bangguo</a> (2003–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a> (2013–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a> (2018–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairpersons</a><br />(Current)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongming" title="Wang Dongming">Wang Dongming</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Jie" title="Xiao Jie">Xiao Jie</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zhongli" title="Ding Zhongli">Ding Zhongli</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Mingjin" title="Hao Mingjin">Hao Mingjin</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Dafeng" title="Cai Dafeng">Cai Dafeng</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Weihua" title="Wu Weihua">Wu Weihua</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_Ning" title="Tie Ning">Tie Ning</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Qinghua" title="Peng Qinghua">Peng Qinghua</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingwei" title="Zhang Qingwei">Zhang Qingwei</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">Secretary-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a> (1954–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Ningyi" title="Liu Ningyi">Liu Ningyi</a> (1965–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Pengfei" title="Ji Pengfei">Ji Pengfei</a> (1975–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a> (1979–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Shangkun" title="Yang Shangkun">Yang Shangkun</a> (1980–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanbin" title="Wang Hanbin">Wang Hanbin</a> (1983–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a> (1988–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Zhi" title="Cao Zhi">Cao Zhi</a> (1993–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Chunlin" title="He Chunlin">He Chunlin</a> (1998–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_Huaren" title="Sheng Huaren">Sheng Huaren</a> (2003–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jianguo" title="Li Jianguo">Li Jianguo</a> (2008–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chen_(politician)" title="Wang Chen (politician)">Wang Chen</a> (2013–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Zhenwu" title="Yang Zhenwu">Yang Zhenwu</a> (2018–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1957)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1957)">Liu Qi</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chairpersons" title="Council of Chairpersons">Council of<br />Chairpersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">1st (1954–1959)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">2nd (1959–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">3rd (1964–1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">4th (1975–1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">5th (1978–1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Council_of_Chairpersons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Council of Chairpersons (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="General Office of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">General Office</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budget_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budget Commission (page does not exist)">Budget Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Qualification_Examination_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deputy Qualification Examination Commission (page does not exist)">Deputy Qualification Examination Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Affairs_Commission" title="Legislative Affairs Commission">Legislative Affairs Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Basic_Law_for_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Committee for the Basic Law for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (page does not exist)">Committee for the Basic Law for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Basic_Law_for_the_Macao_Special_Administrative_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Committee for the Basic Law for the Macao Special Administrative Region (page does not exist)">Committee for the Basic Law for the Macao Special Administrative Region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Special Committee of the National People's Congress">Special<br />Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee" title="Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee">Agriculture and Rural Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_and_Law_Committee" title="Constitution and Law Committee">Constitution and Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Law Committee (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Law Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Law Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Law Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Law Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Law Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Law Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Constitution_and_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Constitution and Law Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Constitution_and_Law_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Constitution and Law Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee" title="Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee">Education, Science,<br />Culture and Public Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee" title="Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee">Environmental Protection and<br />Resources Conservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Affairs_Committee" title="Ethnic Affairs Committee">Ethnic Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">1st (1954–1959)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">2nd (1959–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">4th (1975–1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">5th (1978–1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Ethnic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Ethnic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee" title="Financial and Economic Affairs Committee">Financial and Economic Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress">Foreign Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee" title="Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee">Overseas Chinese Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">6th (1983–1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Social_Development_Affairs_Committee" title="Social Development Affairs Committee">Social Development Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Social_Development_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Social Development Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Social_Development_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Social Development Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee" title="Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee">Supervisory and Judicial Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">7th (1988–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">8th (1993–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">9th (1998–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">10th (2003–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">11th (2008–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Internal_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">12th (2013–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Supervisory_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">13th (2018–2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Supervisory_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee (page does not exist)">14th (2023–2028)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See <a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President of China</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="Supreme People's Court">Supreme People's Court</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">Supreme People's Procuratorate</a> for the offices of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">government of China</a> elected by the National People's Congress.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="19px&#124;National_Emblem_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China_Central_state_organs_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:PRC_State_Organs" title="Template:PRC State Organs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:PRC_State_Organs" title="Template talk:PRC State Organs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:PRC_State_Organs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:PRC State Organs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="19px&#124;National_Emblem_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China_Central_state_organs_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Emblem of the People's Republic of China"><img alt="National Emblem of the People's Republic of China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/19px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/29px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/38px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">Central state organs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div align="center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NPC Standing Committee</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="Supreme People's Court">Supreme People's Court</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">Supreme People's Procuratorate</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Politics_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_China_navbox" title="Template:Politics of China navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_China_navbox" title="Template talk:Politics of China navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_China_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of China navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Politics_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_China" title="Politics of China">Politics of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_China" title="Constitution of China">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">Ideology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Secretariat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Military Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Provincial_Standing_Committee" title="Chinese Communist Party Provincial Standing Committee">Provincial standing committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party">Constitution</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National emblem of the People's Republic of China"><img alt="National emblem of the People's Republic of China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/52px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/78px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/104px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">Central<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">Paramount leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Standing Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_China" title="Vice President of China">Vice President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_councillor" title="State councillor">State Councilors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministries of the People's Republic of China">Ministries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="Supreme People's Court">Supreme People's Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="President of the Supreme People's Court">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">Supreme People's Procuratorate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Procurator-General_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate">Procurator-General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_front_(China)" title="United front (China)">United front</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Political Consultative Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_China" title="List of political parties in China">Minor parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_organization" title="People's organization">People's organization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_Work_Department" title="United Front Work Department">United Front Work Department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics of<br /><a href="/wiki/Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Province-level divisions of China">province-level<br />divisions</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Chinese_provincial_leaders" title="List of current Chinese provincial leaders">current leaders</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-controlled municipalities of China">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Beijing" title="Politics of Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Chongqing" title="Politics of Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Shanghai" title="Politics of Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tianjin" title="Politics of Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Anhui" title="Politics of Anhui">Anhui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fujian" title="Politics of Fujian">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Gansu" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Gansu">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Guangdong" title="Politics of Guangdong">Guangdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Guizhou" title="Politics of Guizhou">Guizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hainan" title="Politics of Hainan">Hainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hebei" title="Politics of Hebei">Hebei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Heilongjiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Henan" title="Politics of Henan">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hubei" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hunan" title="Politics of Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Jiangsu" title="Politics of Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Jiangxi" title="Politics of Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Jilin" title="Politics of Jilin">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Liaoning" title="Politics of Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Qinghai" title="Politics of Qinghai">Qinghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Shaanxi" title="Politics of Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Shandong" title="Politics of Shandong">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Shanxi" title="Politics of Shanxi">Shanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sichuan" title="Politics of Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Yunnan" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Yunnan">Yunnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Zhejiang" title="Politics of Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous<br />regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Guangxi" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Guangxi">Guangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Politics of Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ningxia" title="Politics of Ningxia">Ningxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Xinjiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tibet" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Tibet">Tibet</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_political_leaders_of_Tibet" title="List of modern political leaders of Tibet">leaders</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">SARs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Politics of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Macau" title="Politics of Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;">Claimed province</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in the People's Republic of China">Elections</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19214#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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