National Institute of Standards and Technology

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class="visually-hidden focusable" data-elastic-exclude> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>  <section data-elastic-exclude class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here鈥檚 how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here鈥檚 how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div 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" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="nist-hero__caption"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/historic-measures-how-standards-and-technology-enabled-inca-empire-thrive"> <div class="text">Historic Measures: How Standards and Technology Enabled the Inca Empire to Thrive</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-hero__item tablet:grid-col-6 tablet-lg:grid-col-3 "> <div class="nist-hero__item-inner"> <div class="nist-hero__image"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-physicist-adam-kaufman-wins-breakthrough-new-horizons-physics-prize"> <picture> <source srcset="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/400_x_400/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=pPZjD-8A 1x, /web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800_x_800/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=5b1DsNpf 2x" media="(min-width: 640px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=DHuuUcOS 1x, /web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/1280w_x_640h/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=6BVkqQ4G 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480w_x_240h/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=Wo2RdqFD 1x, /web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/960w_x_480h/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=-aopKxJ9 2x" media="(min-width: 0px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/400_x_400/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=pPZjD-8A" alt="Adam Kaufman poses for a head shot with a shelf of library books in the background. 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</div> <div class="nist-card nist-card--icon mobile-lg:grid-col-6 tablet-lg:grid-col-3"> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/quantum-information-science"> <img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/img/homepage/quantum_science2.png" alt="Quantum Science"/> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title nist-card__title--link"> <h3><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/quantum-information-science">Quantum Science</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-primary-lighter padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <h2 class="nist-block__title nist-block__title--no-border text-primary text-center font-body-xl">Standards & Measurements</h2> <div class="nist-card nist-card--horizontal nist-card--horizontal-full nist-card--primary-lighter margin-top-4"> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/img/homepage/nist-homepage-standards-measurements.jpg" alt="A man wearing safety goggles leans over a scientific device."/> </div> <div class="nist-card__content"> <p class="mobile-lg:margin-top-neg-105 font-sans-md">NIST鈥檚 portfolio of services for measurements, standards, and legal metrology provide solutions that ensure measurement traceability, enable quality assurance, and harmonize documentary standards and regulatory practices.</p> <ul class="add-list-reset margin-top-4"> <li class="maxw-mobile-lg"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-button usa-button-homepage usa-button-homepage--measure"><div class="flex-1 display-inline-flex text-left">Calibrations</div></a></li> <li class="maxw-mobile-lg"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/documentary-standards" class="usa-button usa-button-homepage usa-button-homepage--file-text2"><div class="flex-1 display-inline-flex text-left">Documentary Standards</div></a></li> <li class="maxw-mobile-lg"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-button usa-button-homepage usa-button-homepage--file-binary"><div class="flex-1 display-inline-flex text-left">Standard Reference Data</div></a></li> <li class="maxw-mobile-lg"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-button usa-button-homepage usa-button-homepage--prescription"><div class="flex-1 display-inline-flex text-left">Standard Reference Materials</div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6 margin-top-4"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">News</h2> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-7bd4977c9baa285ab13be2f74318299870fd780fa18e7d12f0b56539232488dc"> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-physicist-adam-kaufman-wins-breakthrough-new-horizons-physics-prize" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-physicist-adam-kaufman-wins-breakthrough-new-horizons-physics-prize" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/09/21/Kaufman_photo.jpg?itok=Z0Ja8WFV" width="100" height="95" alt="Adam Kaufman poses for a head shot with a shelf of library books in the background. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-physicist-adam-kaufman-wins-breakthrough-new-horizons-physics-prize"><span property="schema:name">NIST Physicist Adam Kaufman Wins Breakthrough New Horizons in Physics Prize</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-09-22T12:00:00Z">September 22, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">Kaufman won for his work in advancing the control of atoms and molecules to improve atomic clocks and quantum information processing.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-awards-funding-5-universities-advance-standards-education" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-awards-funding-5-universities-advance-standards-education" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2020/01/30/megan-zimmerman-horizontal-2019-copyright-david-hills.jpg?itok=kf6P-bzk" width="100" height="67" alt="Engineer in a lab. Screen that shows her face on the left. 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" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/researchers-uncover-how-3d-print-one-strongest-stainless-steels"><span property="schema:name">Researchers Uncover How to 3D-Print One of the Strongest Stainless Steels</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-09-22T12:00:00Z">September 22, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">High-energy X-rays lit a path forward.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-awards-funding-small-businesses-advance-technologies-covid-response" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-awards-funding-small-businesses-advance-technologies-covid-response" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220929034709im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/03/31/AMO_RoadmappingGrants_Image.png?itok=otTKyzgA" width="100" height="54" alt="Collage of photos shows factory worker, medical equipment, person using microscope." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220929034709/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/09/nist-awards-funding-small-businesses-advance-technologies-covid-response"><span property="schema:name">NIST Awards Funding to Small Businesses to Advance Technologies for COVID Response, Manufacturing, Medical Diagnostics and More</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time 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