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href='http://www.aapg.org/career/training/in-person/visiting-geoscientist/abstract/Articleid/28752/unconventional-petroleum-reservoirs-an-overview'> <div class="image-overlay "></div> <noscript data-slimmage>  <img itemprop="image" class="lazy-sidebar" data-original="/Portals/0/PackFlashItemImages/WebReady/wiki-oil-shales-hero.jpg?width=200&height=200&mode=crop&anchor=middlecenter&encoder=freeimage&progressive=true&quality=90&scale=both&bgcolor=ffffff" src="/portals/0/PackFlashItemImages/WebReady/wiki-oil-shales-hero.jpg?width=200&height=200&mode=crop&anchor=middlecenter&encoder=freeimage&progressive=true&quality=90&scale=both&bgcolor=ffffff" alt="AAPG"> </noscript> </a> </div> <div class="text VG Abstract 1plus4 Rotation DL Abstracts Archived Basin Modeling and Geochemistry Bitumen/Heavy Oil Oil Shale Petroleum Systems " id="pfid_28752"> <div class="author content-type" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <span class="content-type">VG Abstract</span> <span class="author" itemprop="author">By Ameed Ghori</span> </div> <div class="h5" itemprop="headline"> <a itemprop="url" href='http://www.aapg.org/career/training/in-person/visiting-geoscientist/abstract/Articleid/28752/unconventional-petroleum-reservoirs-an-overview'>Unconventional Petroleum Reservoirs: An Overview</a> </div>  <div class="show-more-snippet fade"><div class="summary" itemprop="description"><p>Production from unconventional petroleum reservoirs includes petroleum from shale, coal, tight-sand and oil-sand. These reservoirs contain enormous quantities of oil and natural gas but pose a technology challenge to both geoscientists and engineers to produce economically on a commercial scale. These reservoirs store large volumes and are widely distributed at different stratigraphic levels and basin types, offering long-term potential for energy supply. Most of these reservoirs are low permeability and porosity that need enhancement with hydraulic fracture stimulation to maximize fluid drainage. Production from these reservoirs is increasing with continued advancement in geological characterization techniques and technology for well drilling, logging, and completion with drainage enhancement. Currently, Australia, Argentina, Canada, Egypt, USA, and Venezuela are producing natural gas from low permeability reservoirs: tight-sand, shale, and coal (CBM). Canada, Russia, USA, and Venezuela are producing heavy oil from oilsand. USA is leading the development of techniques for exploring, and technology for exploiting unconventional gas resources, which can help to develop potential gas-bearing shales of Thailand. The main focus is on source-reservoir-seal shale petroleum plays. In these tight rocks petroleum resides in the micro-pores as well as adsorbed on and in the organics. Shale has very low matrix permeability (nano-darcies) and has highly layered formations with differences in vertical and horizontal properties, vertically non-homogeneous and horizontally anisotropic with complicate natural fractures. Understanding the rocks is critical in selecting fluid drainage enhancement mechanisms; rock properties such as where shale is clay or silica rich, clay types and maturation , kerogen type and maturation, permeability, porosity, and saturation. Most of these plays require horizontal development with large numbers of wells that require an understanding of formation structure, setting and reservoir character and its lateral extension. The quality of shale-gas resources depend on thickness of net pay (>100 m), adequate porosity (>2%), high reservoir pressure (ideally overpressure), high thermal maturity (>1.5% Ro), high organic richness (>2% TOC), low in clay (<50%), high in brittle minerals (quartz, carbonates, feldspars), and favourable in-situ stress. During the past decade, unconventional shale and tight-sand gas plays have become an important supply of natural gas in the US, and now in shale oil as well. As a consequence, interest to assess and explore these plays is rapidly spreading worldwide. The high production potential of shale petroleum resources has contributed to a comparably favourable outlook for increased future petroleum supplies globally. Application of 2D and 3D seismic for defining reservoirs and micro seismic for monitoring fracturing, measuring rock properties downhole (borehole imaging) and in laboratory (mineralogy, porosity, permeability), horizontal drilling (downhole GPS), and hydraulic fracture stimulation (cross-linked gel, slick-water, nitrogen or nitrogen foam) is key in improving production from these huge resources with low productivity factors.</p></div></div><a class='show-more'>Show more</a> <p style="/*float: right; height: auto; margin: 0 0 15px; width: 81%;*/"><a class="dnnPrimaryAction" href='//www.aapg.org/career/training/in-person/visiting-geoscientists/request-form'>Request a visit from Ameed Ghori!</a></p> </div> <meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="English"> <span style="display: none;" itemprop="publisher" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <span itemprop="name">American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)</span> <meta itemprop="logo" content="https://img.aapg.org/Portals/0/images/_site/AAPG-logo-footer.png"> </span> <div class="morelink">Added on <span itemprop="datePublished" class="schema">14 April, 2016</span></div> </div>     </div> <script type="text/javascript"> /*var moreText = "Show details", lessText = "Hide details", moreButton = $("a.readmorebtn"); moreButton.click(function () { var $this = $(this); $this.text($this.text() == moreText ? lessText : moreText).nextAll(".more").slideToggle("fast"); }); */ $('.show-more').each(function() { var parent_id = "#" + $(this).parent("div").attr("id"); $(this).click(function() { var minimum_height = (parseInt($(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet .summary').css('line-height'), 10) * 5) + 'px'; console.log(minimum_height); //if($(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').css('height') != '35px'){ if($(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').css('height') != minimum_height){ //$(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').stop().animate({height: '35px'}, 200); $(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').stop().animate({height: minimum_height}, 200).addClass("fade"); $(this).text('Show more'); }else{ $(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').css({height:'100%'}).removeClass("fade"); var xx = $(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').height(); //$(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').css({height:'35px'}); $(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').css({height: minimum_height}); $(parent_id + ' .show-more-snippet').stop().animate({height: xx}, 400); // ^^ The above is beacuse you can't animate css to 100% (or any percentage). So I change it to 100%, get the value, change it back, then animate it to the value. If you don't want animation, you can ditch all of it and just leave: $('.show-more-snippet').css({height:'100%'});^^ // $(this).text('Show less'); } }); }); // over 450 characters in summary should trigger "more" </script>  </div></div></div> </div><div class="hidden" id="testingnews"></div></div> </div></div></div> </div></div> <div id="dnn_Right3Pane" class="flowRt Right3Pane"><div class="DnnModule DnnModule-DNN_HTML DnnModule-26627 DnnVersionableControl"><a name="26627"></a> <div class="h2_title_white_area"> <h2><span id="dnn_ctr26627_dnnTITLE_titleLabel" class="Head">Committee</span> </h2> <div class="title_bottomborder"></div> <div class="h2_white_content"> <div id="dnn_ctr26627_contentpane" class="content_pad"> <div id="dnn_ctr26627_ModuleContent" class="DNNModuleContent ModDNNHTMLC"> <div id="dnn_ctr26627_HtmlModule_lblContent">Error compiling Razor Template (contact the administrator for more details)</div> </div></div> <div></div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="dnn_Right3PaneSubmenu" class="Right3Pane Right3PaneSubmenu"><div class="DnnModule DnnModule-DDRMenu DnnModule-11721"><a name="11721"></a> <div class="no_title_light_area"> <div class="no_title_light_content"> <div id="dnn_ctr11721_contentpane" class="content_pad"> <h3>Related Interests</h3><div id="dnn_ctr11721_ModuleContent" class="DNNModuleContent ModDDRMenuC"> <style> .h3_dark_content ul ul {margin:10px 0 0 10px !important;} .Right3Pane .no_title_light_content li, .Right4Pane .no_title_light_content li {margin: 0;} .Right3Pane .no_title_light_content .ModDDRMenuC ul li + li, .Right4Pane .no_title_light_content .ModDDRMenuC ul li + li {margin-top: 10px;} .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction{ display: inline-block !important; width: auto !important; font-weight: normal !important; margin: 5px; font-size: 12px; padding: 3px 6px; background: #61A63A !important; } /*.ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnActions input[type="reset"],*/ .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction{ background: #61A63A !important; } /*.ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnActions input[type="reset"]:hover,*/ .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction:hover, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction:hover{ background: #f7941e !important; } .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem label{ display: block; } .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem textarea, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem input[type="text"]{ float: left; } </style> <ul> <li class="toplevel first"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/coalbed-methane" class="sidebar-navlink">Coalbed Methane</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/deep-basin-gas" class="sidebar-navlink">Deep Basin Gas</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/diagenetic-traps" class="sidebar-navlink">Diagenetic Traps</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/fractured-carbonate-reservoirs" class="sidebar-navlink">Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/oil-sands" class="sidebar-navlink">Bitumen/Heavy Oil (Oil Sands)</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/oil-shale" class="sidebar-navlink">Oil Shale</a> </li> <li class="toplevel selected"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/shale-gas" class="sidebar-navlink">Shale Gas</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/stratigraphic-traps" class="sidebar-navlink">Stratigraphic Traps</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/structural-traps" class="sidebar-navlink">Structural Traps</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/subsalt-traps" class="sidebar-navlink">Subsalt Traps</a> </li> <li class="toplevel last"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/tight-gas-sands" class="sidebar-navlink">Tight Gas Sands</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="sidebar-bottom-margin"></div></div> <div></div> </div> </div> </div><div class="DnnModule DnnModule-DDRMenu DnnModule-11722"><a name="11722"></a> <div class="h3_title_dark_area"> <h3><span id="dnn_ctr11722_dnnTITLE_titleLabel" class="Head">See Also ...</span> </h3> <div class="h3_dark_content"> <div id="dnn_ctr11722_contentpane" class="content_pad"> <div id="dnn_ctr11722_ModuleContent" class="DNNModuleContent ModDDRMenuC"> <style> .h3_dark_content ul ul {margin:10px 0 0 10px !important;} .Right3Pane .no_title_light_content li, .Right4Pane .no_title_light_content li {margin: 0;} .Right3Pane .no_title_light_content .ModDDRMenuC ul li + li, .Right4Pane .no_title_light_content .ModDDRMenuC ul li + li {margin-top: 10px;} .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction{ display: inline-block !important; width: auto !important; font-weight: normal !important; margin: 5px; font-size: 12px; padding: 3px 6px; background: #61A63A !important; } /*.ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnActions input[type="reset"],*/ .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction{ background: #61A63A !important; } /*.ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnActions input[type="reset"]:hover,*/ .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form a.dnnSecondaryAction:hover, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form span.dnnInputFileWrapper.dnnSecondaryAction:hover{ background: #f7941e !important; } .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem label{ display: block; } .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem textarea, .ui-tabs-panel .xmp-form .dnnFormItem input[type="text"]{ float: left; } </style> <ul> <li class="toplevel first"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science" class="sidebar-navlink">Discipline</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types" class="sidebar-navlink">Play Types</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/alternative-resources" class="sidebar-navlink">Alternative Resources</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science/geographic/map" class="sidebar-navlink">Geographic</a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.aapg.org/science" class="sidebar-navlink"></a> </li> <li class="toplevel"> <a href="https://www.spe.org/en/industry/reserves/" class="sidebar-navlink">Petroleum Resources Management System</a> </li> <li class="toplevel last"> <a href="https://www.spe.org/en/industry/co2-storage-resources-management-system/" class="sidebar-navlink">CO2 Storage Resources Management System</a> </li> </ul> </div></div> <div></div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div id="empty"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clr"></div>   <div id="outerFt"> <div class="footer_bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer_area_bg"> <a id="sitemap" name="sitemap"></a> <div class="footer_area"> <div class="link_text" align="right"> Looking For Something? 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