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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zajedničke_usluge_jezgra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zajedničke_usluge_jezgra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zajedničke usluge jezgra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zajedničke_usluge_jezgra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operativni_sistemi_današnjice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operativni_sistemi_današnjice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Operativni sistemi današnjice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operativni_sistemi_današnjice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Operativni sistemi današnjice</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operativni_sistemi_današnjice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Juniksoliki_sistemi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Juniksoliki_sistemi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Juniksoliki sistemi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Juniksoliki_sistemi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microsoft_Windows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microsoft_Windows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Microsoft Windows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microsoft_Windows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drugi_operativni_sistemi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drugi_operativni_sistemi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Drugi operativni sistemi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drugi_operativni_sistemi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikacija_i_terminologija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikacija_i_terminologija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Klasifikacija i terminologija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasifikacija_i_terminologija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dodatno_čitanje_-_knjige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dodatno_čitanje_-_knjige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Dodatno čitanje - knjige</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dodatno_čitanje_-_knjige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spisak_operativnih_sistema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spisak_operativnih_sistema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Spisak operativnih sistema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spisak_operativnih_sistema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Operativni sistem</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 152 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-152" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">152 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS" title="OS — Ačineski" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="OS" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Ačineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedryfstelsel_(inligtingstegnologie)" title="Bedryfstelsel (inligtingstegnologie) — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bedryfstelsel (inligtingstegnologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betriebssystem" title="Betriebssystem — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Betriebssystem" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%B2%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B0%E1%88%9D_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%B0%E1%88%AA" title="የሲስተም አሰሪ — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የሲስተም አሰሪ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sistema operativo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weorcendebyrdness" title="Weorcendebyrdness — Staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Weorcendebyrdness" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%84" title="نظام تشغيل — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظام تشغيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%84" title="نظام تشغيل — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نظام تشغيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativu" title="Sistema operativu — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sistema operativu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fm%C9%99liyyat_sistemi" title="Əməliyyat sistemi — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əməliyyat sistemi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ایشلدیم سیستمی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایشلدیم سیستمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операцион система — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Операцион система" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uoperac%C4%97n%C4%97_s%C4%97stema" title="Uoperacėnė sėstema — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Uoperacėnė sėstema" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Аперацыйная сістэма — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аперацыйная сістэма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Апэрацыйная сыстэма — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Апэрацыйная сыстэма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операционна система — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Операционна система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE" title="ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम — Biharski" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Biharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE" title="অপারেটিং সিস্টেম — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অপারেটিং সিস্টেম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reizhiad_korvoi%C3%B1" title="Reizhiad korvoiñ — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Reizhiad korvoiñ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativni_sistem" title="Operativni sistem — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Operativni sistem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Үйлэдэлэй системэ — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Үйлэдэлэй системэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operatiu" title="Sistema operatiu — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sistema operatiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%8F%CC%A4-c%C3%A1uk_hi%C3%AA-t%C5%ABng" title="Chŏ̤-cáuk hiê-tūng — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chŏ̤-cáuk hiê-tūng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операционни система — Čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Операционни система" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سیستمی بەکارخەری — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیستمی بەکارخەری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_syst%C3%A9m" title="Operační systém — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Operační systém" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92peracjow%C3%B4_systema" title="Òperacjowô systema — Kašubijanski" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Òperacjowô systema" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kašubijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Операци системи — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Операци системи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_weithredu" title="System weithredu — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="System weithredu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Styresystem" title="Styresystem — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Styresystem" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betriebssystem" title="Betriebssystem — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Betriebssystem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemo_operatif" title="Sistemo operatif — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sistemo operatif" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Λειτουργικό σύστημα — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λειτουργικό σύστημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistamma_operat%C3%AEv" title="Sistamma operatîv — Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sistamma operatîv" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Operating system" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaciumo" title="Operaciumo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Operaciumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema operativo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteem" title="Operatsioonisüsteem — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Operatsioonisüsteem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_eragile" title="Sistema eragile — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sistema eragile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84" title="سیستم‌عامل — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیستم‌عامل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4ytt%C3%B6j%C3%A4rjestelm%C3%A4" title="Käyttöjärjestelmä — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Käyttöjärjestelmä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C3%B5rats%27oonis%C3%BCstem" title="Opõrats'oonisüstem — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Opõrats'oonisüstem" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_d%27exploitation" title="Système d'exploitation — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système d'exploitation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedriifs%C3%BCsteem" title="Bedriifsüsteem — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bedriifsüsteem" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisteme_operat%C3%AEf" title="Sisteme operatîf — Friulijski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sisteme operatîf" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3ras_oibri%C3%BAch%C3%A1in" title="Córas oibriúcháin — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Córas oibriúcháin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sistema operativo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apopyvusu_oku%27%C3%A9va" title="Apopyvusu oku'éva — Gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Apopyvusu oku'éva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chok-ngia%CC%8Dp_h%C3%AC-th%C3%BAng" title="Chok-ngia̍p hì-thúng — hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chok-ngia̍p hì-thúng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%94" title="מערכת הפעלה — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכת הפעלה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="प्रचालन तन्त्र — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रचालन तन्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Operating system" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacijski_sustav" title="Operacijski sustav — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Operacijski sustav" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BA%C4%9B%C5%82owy_system" title="Dźěłowy system — Gornji sorbijski" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Dźěłowy system" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Gornji sorbijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oper%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_rendszer" title="Operációs rendszer — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Operációs rendszer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Օպերացիոն համակարգ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օպերացիոն համակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema_de_operation" title="Systema de operation — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Systema de operation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_operasi" title="Sistem operasi — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sistem operasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativ_systema" title="Operativ systema — Interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Operativ systema" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_ti_panangpaandar" title="Sistema ti panangpaandar — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sistema ti panangpaandar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funcionanta_sistemo" title="Funcionanta sistemo — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Funcionanta sistemo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%BDrikerfi" title="Stýrikerfi — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stýrikerfi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sistema operativo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0" title="オペレーティングシステム — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オペレーティングシステム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_operasi_komputer" title="Sistem operasi komputer — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sistem operasi komputer" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ოპერაციული სისტემა — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოპერაციული სისტემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operatsion_sistema" title="Operatsion sistema — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Operatsion sistema" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagraw_n_wammud" title="Anagraw n wammud — Kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Anagraw n wammud" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Операциялық жүйелер — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Операциялық жүйелер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A3_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%A8" title="ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಣ ಸಾಧನ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಣ ಸಾಧನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="운영체제 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="운영체제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%90%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D9%90%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%8E%D9%85" title="آپریٹِنگ سِسٹَم — Kašmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="آپریٹِنگ سِسٹَم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kašmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedriefsystem" title="Bedriefsystem — kelnski" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Bedriefsystem" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kelnski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergala_xebitandin%C3%AA" title="Pergala xebitandinê — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pergala xebitandinê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D3%A7%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операционнӧй система — Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Операционнӧй система" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Операциялык тутум — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Операциялык тутум" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema_internum" title="Systema internum — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Systema internum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betribssystem" title="Betribssystem — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Betribssystem" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_de_opera" title="Sistem de opera — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sistem de opera" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scistema_%C3%B2perativo" title="Scistema òperativo — ligurski" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Scistema òperativo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativ" title="Sistema operativ — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sistema operativ" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lit%C3%A1mbwisi-mokonzi" title="Litámbwisi-mokonzi — Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Litámbwisi-mokonzi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ລະບົບປະຕິບັດການ — Laoški" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລະບົບປະຕິບັດການ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laoški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacin%C4%97_sistema" title="Operacinė sistema — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Operacinė sistema" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oper%C4%93t%C4%81jsist%C4%93ma" title="Operētājsistēma — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Operētājsistēma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpandrindra_milina" title="Mpandrindra milina — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mpandrindra milina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Операционло системе — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Операционло системе" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_operasi" title="Sistem operasi — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Sistem operasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Оперативен систем — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оперативен систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82" title="ഓപ്പറേറ്റിങ്‌ സിസ്റ്റം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓപ്പറേറ്റിങ്‌ സിസ്റ്റം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Үйлдлийн систем — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Үйлдлийн систем" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="संचालन प्रणाली — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="संचालन प्रणाली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_pengendalian" title="Sistem pengendalian — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sistem pengendalian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_ouperatibo" title="Sistema ouperatibo — Mirandeški" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sistema ouperatibo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%85%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ကွန်ပျူတာ စက်လည်ပတ်ရေး စနစ် — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွန်ပျူတာ စက်လည်ပတ်ရေး စနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedriefssystem" title="Bedriefssystem — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bedriefssystem" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE" title="अपरेटिङ सिस्टम — Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अपरेटिङ सिस्टम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besturingssysteem" title="Besturingssysteem — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Besturingssysteem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativsystem" title="Operativsystem — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Operativsystem" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativsystem" title="Operativsystem — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Operativsystem" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8ma_operatiu" title="Sistèma operatiu — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sistèma operatiu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%AE" title="ଅପରେଟିଙ୍ଗ ସିଷ୍ଟମ — Orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅପରେଟିଙ୍ଗ ସିଷ୍ଟମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%AE" title="ਆਪਰੇਟਿੰਗ ਸਿਸਟਮ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਪਰੇਟਿੰਗ ਸਿਸਟਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betriebssystem" title="Betriebssystem — Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Betriebssystem" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_operacyjny" title="System operacyjny — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="System operacyjny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%85" title="اوپریٹنگ سسٹم — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اوپریٹنگ سسٹم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema operativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llamk%27achiy_llikacha" title="Llamk'achiy llikacha — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llamk'achiy llikacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_de_operare" title="Sistem de operare — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sistem de operare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операционная система — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Операционная система" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операчна сістема — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Операчна сістема" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%8B%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операциялыыр система — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Операциялыыр система" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operativu" title="Sistema operativu — Sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sistema operativu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operatin_seestem" title="Operatin seestem — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Operatin seestem" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operatiivavuog%C3%A1dat" title="Operatiivavuogádat — Severni sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Operatiivavuogádat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Severni sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88_%E1%81%B6%E1%80%BD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="ပိူင်သၢင်ႈ ၶွမ်းပျူတႃႇ — Šan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပိူင်သၢင်ႈ ၶွမ်းပျူတႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Šan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92" title="පරිගණක මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති — Singaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පරිගණක මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Operating system" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m" title="Operačný systém — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Operačný systém" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%85" title="آپریٹنگ سسٹم — Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="آپریٹنگ سسٹم" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacijski_sistem" title="Operacijski sistem — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Operacijski sistem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system — Somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Operating system" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemi_operativ" title="Sistemi operativ — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sistemi operativ" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Оперативни систем — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оперативни систем" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistim_Operasi" title="Sistim Operasi — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sistim Operasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativsystem" title="Operativsystem — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Operativsystem" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mfumo_wa_uendeshaji" title="Mfumo wa uendeshaji — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mfumo wa uendeshaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uoperacyjno_systyma" title="Uoperacyjno systyma — Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Uoperacyjno systyma" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இயக்கு தளம் — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயக்கு தளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆపరేటింగ్ సిస్టమ్ — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆపరేటింగ్ సిస్టమ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Системомил — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Системомил" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ระบบปฏิบัติการ — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระบบปฏิบัติการ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Operating system" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Fletim_sistemi" title="İşletim sistemi — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İşletim sistemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операцион система — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Операцион система" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B4%D8%BA%DB%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%90%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="مەشغۇلات سىستېمىسى — Ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مەشغۇلات سىستېمىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Операційна система — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Операційна система" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%85" title="آپریٹنگ سسٹم — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آپریٹنگ سسٹم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishlatuv_tizimi" title="Ishlatuv tizimi — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ishlatuv tizimi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_oparadivo" title="Sistema oparadivo — venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sistema oparadivo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_%C4%91i%E1%BB%81u_h%C3%A0nh" title="Hệ điều hành — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hệ điều hành" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistinme_d%27_operance" title="Sistinme d' operance — Valun" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sistinme d' operance" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_operatiba" title="Sistema operatiba — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sistema operatiba" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosteg_doxiin" title="Nosteg doxiin — Volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Nosteg doxiin" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系统 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="操作系统" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ოპერაციული სისტემა — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოპერაციული სისტემა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9F_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9D" title="אפערירן סיסטעם — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אפערירן סיסטעם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_System" title="Operating System — Jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Operating System" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系统 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="操作系统" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chok-gia%CC%8Dp_h%C4%93-th%C3%B3ng" title="Chok-gia̍p hē-thóng — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chok-gia̍p hē-thóng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E6%A5%AD%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="作業系統 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="作業系統" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhlelomgidinga" title="Uhlelomgidinga — Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Uhlelomgidinga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9135#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Operativni_sistem" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><p>U <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarstvo" title="Računarstvo">računarstvu</a>, <b>operativni sistem</b> (<b>OS</b>) je skup programa i rutina odgovoran za kontrolu i upravljanje uređajima i računarskim komponentama kao i za obavljanje osnovnih radnji. Operativni sistem objedinjuje u celinu raznorodne delove računara i sakriva od krajnjeg korisnika detalje funkcionisanja ovih delova. Operativni sistem stvara za korisnika radno okruženje koje rukuje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proces_(ra%C4%8Dunarstvo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proces (računarstvo) (stranica ne postoji)">procesima</a> i <a href="/wiki/Datoteka" title="Datoteka">datotekama</a>, umesto <a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1tina" title="Suština">bitovima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bajt" title="Bajt">bajtovima</a> i blokovima podataka. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Operating_system_placement-sr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Operating_system_placement-sr.svg/250px-Operating_system_placement-sr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="370" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Operating_system_placement-sr.svg/375px-Operating_system_placement-sr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Operating_system_placement-sr.svg/500px-Operating_system_placement-sr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>Mesto operativnog sistema u prikazu korišćenja računara</figcaption></figure><p> Većina operativnih sistema dolazi sa aplikacijom koja obezbeđuje korisnički interfejs za rukovanje operativnim sistemom, kao što su interpreter komandne linije i grafički korisnički interfejs. Dodatno, operativni sistem omogućava pokretanje drugih, korisničkih, programa kao što su editori, prevodioci i internet pretraživači. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mre%C5%BEni_operativni_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mrežni operativni sistem (stranica ne postoji)">Mrežni operativni sistem</a> je druga vrsta operativnog sistema. </p><p>Prije najkorišćeniji operativni sistem u upotrebi na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoni_ra%C4%8Dunar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoni računar (stranica ne postoji)">stonim</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prenosivi_ra%C4%8Dunar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prenosivi računar (stranica ne postoji)">prenosivim računarima</a> je <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">XP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tržišni_kolač_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tržišni_kolač-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jači serveri koriste <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a> i druge vrste <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">juniksolikih</a> operativnih sistema. Međutim, i ovi operativni sistemi, posebno <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a>, se takođe koriste na <a href="/wiki/Osobni_kompjuter" title="Osobni kompjuter">personalnim računarima</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uvod">Uvod</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Uvod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Uvod"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rani <a href="/wiki/Kompjuter" title="Kompjuter">računari</a> nisu imali operativni sistem (pogledati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istorija_operativnih_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istorija operativnih sistema (stranica ne postoji)">Istorija operativnih sistema</a>). Operator je osoba koja je ručno unosila i pokretala <a href="/wiki/Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Program">programe</a>. Kada su razvijeni programi za učitavanje i pokretanje drugih programa logično je bilo da takvi programi dobiju naziv po onome čiji posao obavljaju. </p><p>Prvim računarom ćemo smatrati takav elektronski računar koji je odgovarao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fon_Nojman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fon Nojman (stranica ne postoji)">Fon Nojmanovoj</a> <a href="/wiki/Von_Neumannova_arhitektura" title="Von Neumannova arhitektura">arhitekturi</a> - kod koga su i program i podaci u istoj memoriji. Kada su se sa sledećim računarima pojavili i prvi spoljašnji uređaji - čitači papirne trake i bušač kartica - pojavila se prilika za sledeći stepen automatizacije. Uobičajeni skup kartica na kojima su se nalazili kodovi za ulazne i izlazne operacije su bile klica za budući razvoj operativnih sistema. </p><p>Najčešća upotreba pojma "operativni sistem" danas, od opšte i stručne javnosti, se odnosi na sav <a href="/wiki/Softver" title="Softver">softver</a> potreban korisniku za upravljanje sistemom i pokretanje svih programa koji mogu raditi na tom sistemu. Po opšteprihvaćenim normama to podrazumeva ne samo najniže slojeve jezgra (kernel) koji neposredno upravljaju uređajima nego i <a href="/wiki/Biblioteka" title="Biblioteka">biblioteke</a> neophodne korisničkim programima kao i osnovne programe za baratanje <a href="/wiki/Datoteka" title="Datoteka">datotekama</a> i konfigurisanje sistema. </p><p>Granica između operativnog sistema i korisničkih programa nije precizno određena i predstavlja često predmet rasprava. Na primer, jedno od ključnih pitanja u antimonopolskom sudskom slučaju <a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Ameri%C4%8Dke_Dr%C5%BEave" title="Sjedinjene Američke Države">Sjedinjene Američke Države</a> protiv <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Majkrosofta</a> je da li je Majkrosoftov pretraživač Internet Eksplorer deo operativnog sistema Vindouz ili je deo skupa korisničkih programa. Drugi primer je neslaganje oko imenovanja GNU/Linuks, jer u osnovi jeste Linuks kernel ali mnogi upravo ceo operativni sistem zovu Linuks. </p><p>Najniži nivo svakog operativnog sistema je kernel, jezgro, prvi sloj softvera koji se učitava u računarsku memoriju pri pokretanju. Kao prvi softverski sloj, on obezbeđuje svom ostalom softveru koji se potom učita u operativnu memoriju zajedničke usluge jezgra. Osnovne usluge koje pruža ovo zajedničko jezgro su pristup <a href="/w/index.php?title=Disk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disk (stranica ne postoji)">diskovima</a>, upravljanje <a href="/wiki/Pam%C4%87enje" title="Pamćenje">memorijom</a>, upravljanje procesima i poslovima i pristup ostalim računarskim uređajima. Kao i kod operativnog sistema i ovde postoji pitanje šta tačno treba da čini "kernel". Postoje mišljenja koja podržavaju koncept "mikrokernela" ili "monolitni kernel" ili nešto treće, čak se postavljaju pitanja kao na primer—treba li sistem za upravljanje datotekama (fajl sistem) biti deo kernela? </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistemski_pozivi">Sistemski pozivi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Sistemski pozivi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Sistemski pozivi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sistemski pozivi su usluge koje korisnički programi zahtevaju od operativnog sistema. Sistemski pozivi često koriste posebne procesorske naredbe koje uzrokuju da procesor menja mod, a neki primeri su "zaštićeni mod" (protected mode) ili "nadzornički mod" (supervisor mode). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zajedničke_usluge_jezgra"><span id="Zajedni.C4.8Dke_usluge_jezgra"></span>Zajedničke usluge jezgra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Zajedničke usluge jezgra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zajedničke usluge jezgra"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kako su se operativni sistemi razvijali, sve više usluga se očekivalo od zajedničkog jezgra. Od <a href="/wiki/1990-e" title="1990-e">1990ih</a> se od operativnih sistema često očekuje da pruže mogućnost povezivanja na lokalnu mrežu i na <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. Čak se očekuje da zaštite ostali softver na računaru od štete koju mogu naneti zlonamerni programi, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalni_virus" title="Računalni virus">virusi</a>. Spisak usluga koje se očekuju od jezgra se i dalje širi. </p><p>Programi međusobno komuniciraju kroz <a href="/wiki/Aplikativni_programski_interfejs" class="mw-redirect" title="Aplikativni programski interfejs">aplikativni programski interfejs</a> (API), slično kao što ljudi sa računarom komuniciraju kroz korisničko sučelje - korisnički interfejs. Ovo posebno važi u komunikaciji između korisničkih programa i operativnog sistema. Zajedničkim uslugama jezgra operativnog sistema korisnički programi pristupaju kroz API. Time operativni sistem omogućava komunikaciju između <a href="/wiki/Softver" title="Softver">softvera</a> i <a href="/wiki/Hardver" title="Hardver">hardvera</a>, to jest, programa i uređaja. U osnovne funkcije operativnog sistema svakako treba navesti upravljanje <a href="/wiki/Procesor" title="Procesor">procesorom</a>. </p><p>Pogledati: <a href="/w/index.php?title=POSIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="POSIX (stranica ne postoji)">POSIX</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operativni_sistemi_današnjice"><span id="Operativni_sistemi_dana.C5.A1njice"></span>Operativni sistemi današnjice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Operativni sistemi današnjice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Operativni sistemi današnjice"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Najrašireniji operativni sistemi današnjice koji se koriste na računarima opšte namene (tu računamo i lične računare - Pi Si) su grupisani u dve porodice: porodica Juniksolikih i porodica Majkrosoft Vindouz operativnih sistema. Veliki računari i računari posebne namene koriste izmenjene ili posebno naručene operativne sisteme koji ne moraju biti ni u kakvoj vezi sa Vindouzom ili Juniksom ali su, po pravilu, bliži Juniksu nego Vindouzu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Juniksoliki_sistemi">Juniksoliki sistemi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Juniksoliki sistemi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Juniksoliki sistemi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Edgy_with_apps.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Edgy_with_apps.png/300px-Edgy_with_apps.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Edgy_with_apps.png/450px-Edgy_with_apps.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Edgy_with_apps.png/600px-Edgy_with_apps.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Snimak ekrana operativnog sistema <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Porodica juniksolikih sistema je raznorodna grupa operativnih sistema koja uključuje i <a href="/w/index.php?title=System_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System V (stranica ne postoji)">System V</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=BSD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BSD (stranica ne postoji)">BSD</a>, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU/Linuks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNU/Linuks (stranica ne postoji)">GNU/Linuks</a>. Ime juniks je zaštićeno od strane Otvorene Grupe (The Open Group) koja daje licencno pravo korišćenja imena kada se pokaže da predmetni operativni sistem zadovoljava sve potrebne zadate uslove. Sam naziv se odnosi na veliki skup operativnih sistema koji podsećaju na prvobitni juniks. </p><p>Juniks sistemi pokreću računare raznolikih unutrašnjih arhitektura. Najrasprostranjenija primena je među serverima u korporativnom sektoru ali i među radnim stanicama u akademskom i inženjerskom okruženju. Slobodno dostupne varijante Juniksa, kao što su Linuks i BSD su u usponu popularnosti. Napravljen je proboj i na tržištu stonih računara, posebno "prijateljskim" Linuks distribucijama, kao što je Ubuntu GNU/Linuks. </p><p>Neke vlasničke varijante Juniksa, kao što je HP-ov HP-UX i IBM-ov AIX su napravljeni posebno da rade samo na računarima i sa opremom originalnog proizvođača. Drugi, kao Solaris, mogu raditi na originalnim računarima ali i na drugim računarima koji odgovaraju proizvođačevim zahtevima. Eplov Mac OS X je BSD varijanta nastala iz NeXTSTEP i FreeBSD je zamena za raniji Mac OS u uskom segmentu tržišta, ali postaje vremenom najpopularniji vlasnički Juniks sistem. </p><p>Tokom prethodnih godina su slobodni Juniks sistemi potisnuli vlasničke iz mnogih oblasti. Na primer, naučničko modelovanje i računarska animacija su nekad bili teritorija Silikon Grafiksa i njegovog IRIKS operativnog sistema. Danas su oni pod vlašću računarskih sistema pod GNU/Linuksom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microsoft_Windows">Microsoft Windows</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Microsoft Windows" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Microsoft Windows"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> porodica operativnih sistema nastaje kao grafička nadogradnja povrh starog <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS DOS</a> operativnog sistema <a href="/wiki/Osobni_kompjuter" title="Osobni kompjuter">PI SI računara</a>. Današnje verzije se baziraju na jednoj naprednijoj varijanti koja je nazvana Vindouz NT i ne predstavlja više samo grafičko okruženje već uistinu potpuni operativni sistem. Vindouz radi na računarima zasnovanim na procesorima firme <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> i <a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">AMD</a>. Oznaka za takve procesore je h86 kompatibilni, a najpoznatiji su firme AMD-dobar za igrice, mada je intel bolji za obradu podataka. Postoje ili su postojale varijante koje rade na procesorima DEC Alpha, MIPS i PowerPC. Postoje takođe i varijacije za procesore sa 32 i sa 64 bita. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drugi_operativni_sistemi">Drugi operativni sistemi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Drugi operativni sistemi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Drugi operativni sistemi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Operativni sistemi za velike računare kao što je IBM-ov z/OS i operativni sistemi posebne namene, kao što su QNX, eCos, i PalmOS nisu bliski Juniksu niti Windows - u sem Windows SE koji je blizak Windows - u i nekoliko Linuks i BSD distribucija koje su posebno krojene za specifične primene. </p><p>Pored operativnih sistema za velike računare postoje i operativni sistemi za manje uređaje (mobilni telefoni, digitroni i sl.) i uređaje specijalne namene (mikro-procesorski sistemi u automobilima, sistemi za automatsko otvaranje vrata i sl.), koji zahtevaju rad u realnom vremenu. Popularni operativni sistemi za mobilne telefone su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbijan (stranica ne postoji)">Simbijan</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=OSE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OSE (stranica ne postoji)">OSE</a>, dok za uređaje specijalne namene veliko uporište imaju OSECK i OSE Epsilon i sl. </p><p>Stariji operativni sistemi koji se još uvek ponegde koriste su Vindouzu-nalik <a href="/w/index.php?title=OS/2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS/2 (stranica ne postoji)">OS/2</a> od IBM-a; <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenVMS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenVMS (stranica ne postoji)">OpenVMS</a> od Hjulit Pakarda (nekada Didžital korporacije); Mek OS, Eplov prethodni ne-juniks operativni sistem; <a href="/w/index.php?title=RISK_OS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RISK OS (stranica ne postoji)">RISK OS</a>, posebno stvoren za <a href="/w/index.php?title=ARM_procesor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARM procesor (stranica ne postoji)">ARM procesore</a> i njihovu arhitekturu; <a href="/wiki/AmigaOS" title="AmigaOS">AmigaOS</a>, prvi grafički orijentisan operativni sistem sa multimedijalnim mogućnostima i to još za široku publiku. </p><p>Istraživanje i razvoj novih vrsta operativnih sistema je zasebna oblast nauke o računarima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikacija_i_terminologija">Klasifikacija i terminologija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Klasifikacija i terminologija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Klasifikacija i terminologija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Operativni sistem je suštinski sastavljen iz tri skupa komponenti: </p> <ul><li>Korisničkog interfejsa, koji može biti grafičkog tipa ili imati interpreter komandne linije koji se još zove i školjka ("shell")</li> <li>Sistemske rutine niskog nivoa</li> <li>Jezgro-kernel koji je srce operativnog sistema</li></ul> <p>Kao što naziv sugeriše, školjka je spoljašnji programski omotač jezgra, dok jezgro neposredno komunicira sa uređajima. Kod nekih operativnih sistema, kao što je Juniks, školjka i jezgro su različiti i samostalni entiteti, što omogućuje proizvoljne kombinacije i laku zamenu školjke. Drugi operativni sistemi samo formalno prikazuju postojanje različitih komponenti dok su u suštini monolitni. </p><p>Ideje projektovanja jezgra operativnog sistema su se vremenom izdiferencirale u sledeće koncepte </p> <ul><li>monolitno jezgro</li> <li>mikrojezgro</li> <li>egzojezgro</li></ul> <p>Većina najrasprostranjenijih operativnih sistema ima jezgra monolitnog tipa, kao što su Juniks, Linuks i Vindouz. Neki noviji operativni sistemi imaju mikrojezgro, kao Epl MekOS H, AmigaOS, QNX i BeOS. Među istraživačima i razvojnom zajednicom je mikrojezgro pristup veoma popularan, kao što je Hurd/GNU. Oba sistema imaju svojih prednosti i uspešno žive na mnogim mašinama. Na sistemima posebne namene koji podrazumevaju ugradnju sistema i softvera u elektronski proizvod se primenjuje projektovanje egzokernela, tačno za jedan uređaj i jednu primenu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tržišni_kolač-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-tržišni_kolač_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.netmarketshare.com/operating-system-market-share.aspx?qprid=10">http://www.netmarketshare.com/operating-system-market-share.aspx?qprid=10</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dodatno_čitanje_-_knjige"><span id="Dodatno_.C4.8Ditanje_-_knjige"></span>Dodatno čitanje - knjige</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Dodatno čitanje - knjige" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dodatno čitanje - knjige"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Besplatna i dobra knjiga za Linuks u elektronskom obliku, na srpskom jeziku: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dragan-pleskonjic.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/os-unix-i-linux.pdf">"Operativni sistemi: juniks i Linux"</a></li> <li>Sveobuhvatna knjiga - udžbenik o operativnim sistemima na srpskom jeziku: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mikroknjiga.rs/store/prikaz.php?ref=978-86-7555-305-2">"Operativni sistemi – teorija, praksa i rešeni zadaci"</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spisak_operativnih_sistema">Spisak operativnih sistema</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Spisak operativnih sistema" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spisak operativnih sistema"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmigaOS" title="AmigaOS">AmigaOS</a> - još uvek izlaze nove verzije sistema.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> -</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MVS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MVS (stranica ne postoji)">MVS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS/2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS/2 (stranica ne postoji)">OS/2</a> - IBMov operativni sistem, koji se prestao proizvoditi 90tih godina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> - popular sistem tijekom 70 i 80tih godina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> - najpopularniji operativni sistem današnjice.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS_DOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS DOS (stranica ne postoji)">MS Dos</a> - prethodnik Windowsa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> - drugi najpopularniji operativni sistem današnjice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS">Mac OS</a> - operativni sistem za <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> kompjutere</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS/390&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS/390 (stranica ne postoji)">OS/390</a> -</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP/M" title="CP/M">CP/M</a> - sistem kojeg je zadnjeg podržavao kompjuter <a href="/wiki/Commodore_128" title="Commodore 128">Commodore 128</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm_OS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palm OS (stranica ne postoji)">Palm OS</a> - sistem za mobitele koji se prestao proizvoditi 2009. godine</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbijan (stranica ne postoji)">Symbian</a> - sistem za mobitele</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UBUNTU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UBUNTU (stranica ne postoji)">UBUNTU</a> Siste za racunare</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekos (stranica ne postoji)">Ekos</a> - operativni sistem za računare</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&oldid=41265128">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operativni_sistem&oldid=41265128</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Softver" title="Kategorija:Softver">Softver</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Operativni_sistem" title="Kategorija:Operativni sistem">Operativni sistem</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica je posljednji put izmijenjena 13. septembra 2022. u 10:07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; mogu se primijeniti i dodatni uslovi. 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