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id="toc-Late_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Late 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_20th_century_and_the_Wisconsin_Idea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_20th_century_and_the_Wisconsin_Idea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Early 20th century and the Wisconsin Idea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_20th_century_and_the_Wisconsin_Idea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_20th_century_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_20th_century_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Late 20th century to present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_20th_century_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Campus </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campus subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bascom_Hill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bascom_Hill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Bascom Hill </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bascom_Hill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wisconsin_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wisconsin_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Wisconsin Union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wisconsin_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Henry_Mall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Henry_Mall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Henry Mall </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Henry_Mall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effigy_mounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effigy_mounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Effigy mounds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effigy_mounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Organization and administration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Academics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Academics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Admissions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Reputation and rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letters_&_Science_Honors_Program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letters_&_Science_Honors_Program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Letters & Science Honors Program </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letters_&_Science_Honors_Program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Big Ten Academic Alliance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institute_for_Creative_Writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institute_for_Creative_Writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Institute for Creative Writing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institute_for_Creative_Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institute_for_Science_Education_and_Community_Engagement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institute_for_Science_Education_and_Community_Engagement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Institute for Science Education and Community Engagement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institute_for_Science_Education_and_Community_Engagement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Student life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Residential_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Residential_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Residential life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Residential_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Student publications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus_radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus_radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 Campus radio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campus_radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Athletics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Athletics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Men's_basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Men's_basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Men's basketball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Men's_basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's_basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's_basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Women's basketball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's_basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's_ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's_ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Women's ice hockey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's_ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Ice hockey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Rivalries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mascot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mascot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 Mascot </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mascot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notable people </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable people subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Alumni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_and_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_and_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Faculty and staff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_and_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">University of Wisconsin–Madison</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" > 54 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="جامعة ويسكونسن-ماديسون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة ويسكونسن-ماديسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viskonsin-Medison_Universiteti" title="Viskonsin-Medison Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Viskonsin-Medison Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="ویسکانسین-مدیسن بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویسکانسین-مدیسن بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="উইসকনসিন-ম্যাডিসন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইসকনসিন-ম্যাডিসন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Вісконсінскі ўніверсітэт у Мадысане – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вісконсінскі ўніверсітэт у Мадысане" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Вісконсінскі ўнівэрсытэт у Мэдысане – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вісконсінскі ўнівэрсытэт у Мэдысане" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Уисконсински университет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уисконсински университет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_de_Wisconsin" title="Universitat de Wisconsin – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat de Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsinsk%C3%A1_univerzita_v_Madisonu" title="Wisconsinská univerzita v Madisonu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wisconsinská univerzita v Madisonu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="University of Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="University of Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsini_%C3%9Clikool" title="Wisconsini Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wisconsini Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Πανεπιστήμιο του Ουισκόνσιν στο Μάντισον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανεπιστήμιο του Ουισκόνσιν στο Μάντισον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Wisconsin-Madison" title="Universidad de Wisconsin-Madison – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Viskonsino_en_Madisono" title="Universitato de Viskonsino en Madisono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Viskonsino en Madisono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin-Madisongo_Unibertsitatea" title="Wisconsin-Madisongo Unibertsitatea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wisconsin-Madisongo Unibertsitatea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86" title="دانشگاه ویسکانسین-مدیسن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه ویسکانسین-مدیسن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Wisconsin_%C3%A0_Madison" title="Université du Wisconsin à Madison – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université du Wisconsin à Madison" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Wisconsin-Madison" title="Universidade de Wisconsin-Madison – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Universidade de Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%98%EC%8B%A0_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_%EB%A7%A4%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A8" title="위스콘신 대학교 매디슨 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위스콘신 대학교 매디슨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="विस्कांसिन विश्वविद्यालय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विस्कांसिन विश्वविद्यालय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="Universitas Wisconsin–Madison – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin-h%C3%A1sk%C3%B3li_%C3%AD_Madison" title="Wisconsin-háskóli í Madison – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wisconsin-háskóli í Madison" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_del_Wisconsin-Madison" title="Università del Wisconsin-Madison – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università del Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F%E2%80%93%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אוניברסיטת ויסקונסין–מדיסון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת ויסקונסין–מדיסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%96" title="Мадисондағы Висконсин университеті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мадисондағы Висконсин университеті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Висконсин-Мэдисон Университети – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Висконсин-Мэдисон Университети" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viskonsinas-Medisonas_Universit%C4%81te" title="Viskonsinas-Medisonas Universitāte – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Viskonsinas-Medisonas Universitāte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Egyetem" title="Wisconsin–Madison Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wisconsin–Madison Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="جامعة ويسكونسين-ماديسون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة ويسكونسين-ماديسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="University of Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%83%9E%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3%E6%A0%A1" title="ウィスコンシン大学マディソン校 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィスコンシン大学マディソン校" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="University of Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viskonsin_universiteti" title="Viskonsin universiteti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Viskonsin universiteti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81_%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86" title="یونیورسٹی آف وسکانسن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یونیورسٹی آف وسکانسن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="University of Wisconsin-Madison" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="Universidade de Wisconsin–Madison – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="University of Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Висконсинский университет в Мадисоне – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Висконсинский университет в Мадисоне" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="University of Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerza_Wisconsina-Madison" title="Univerza Wisconsina-Madison – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Univerza Wisconsina-Madison" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Универзитет Висконсина (Медисон) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Универзитет Висконсина (Медисон)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsinin_yliopisto,_Madison" title="Wisconsinin yliopisto, Madison – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wisconsinin yliopisto, Madison" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="University of Wisconsin–Madison" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Wisconsin_sa_Madison" title="Unibersidad ng Wisconsin sa Madison – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Wisconsin sa Madison" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D)" title="விஸ்கொன்சின் பல்கலைக்கழகம் (மேடிசன்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விஸ்கொன்சின் பல்கலைக்கழகம் (மேடிசன்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="มหาวิทยาลัยวิสคอนซิน แมดิสัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มหาวิทยาลัยวิสคอนซิน แมดิสัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Донишгоҳи Висконсин дар Мадисон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Донишгоҳи Висконсин дар Мадисон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin-Madison_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Університет Вісконсину в Медісоні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Університет Вісконсину в Медісоні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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style="display:none">Public university in Madison, Wisconsin, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"University of Wisconsin" redirects here. For the state university system, see <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="University of Wisconsin (disambiguation)">University of Wisconsin (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">University of Wisconsin–Madison</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg/225px-Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg/300px-Seal_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">University of Wisconsin (1848–1971)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Numen Lumen<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">"The divine within the universe, however manifested, is my light" or "God, our light"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Land-grant_university" title="Land-grant university">land-grant</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">July 26, 1848; 176 years ago (July 26, 1848)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent institution</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_accreditation" title="Higher education accreditation">Accreditation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Higher_Learning_Commission" title="Higher Learning Commission">HLC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_American_Universities" title="Association of American Universities">AAU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_Associated_Universities" title="Oak Ridge Associated Universities">ORAU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_Research_Association" title="Universities Research Association">URA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Sea_Grant_College_Program" title="National Sea Grant College Program">Sea-grant</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$4.0 billion (2021)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$4.3 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Mnookin" title="Jennifer Mnookin">Jennifer L. Mnookin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lee_Isbell_Jr." title="Charles Lee Isbell Jr.">Charles Lee Isbell Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,220<a href="#cite_note-Academics-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Total staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">24,232<a href="#cite_note-facts-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">48,557 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-facts-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">34,212 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-facts-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">14,345 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-facts-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&params=43.0750_N_89.4172_W_region:US-WI_type:edu_scale:10000">43°04′30″N 89°25′02″W / 43.0750°N 89.4172°W / 43.0750; -89.4172</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Large city<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>, 938 acres (380 ha)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal </a></li><li><a href="/wiki/The_Badger_Herald" title="The Badger Herald">The Badger Herald</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Cardinal and white<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>   </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Badgers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_FBS" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Division I FBS">NCAA Division I FBS</a> – <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association">WCHA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Association_of_Rowing_Colleges" title="Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges">EARC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bucky_Badger" title="Bucky Badger">Bucky Badger</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wisc.edu">wisc.edu</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838330#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg/220px-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg/330px-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg/440px-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="128" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Land-grant_university" title="Land-grant university">land-grant</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a>, United States. It was founded in 1848 when Wisconsin <a href="/wiki/Admission_to_the_Union" title="Admission to the Union">achieved statehood</a> and is the <a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">flagship</a> campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The 933-acre (378 ha) main campus is located on the shores of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a> and includes four <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmarks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The university also owns and operates the 1,200-acre (486 ha) <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Arboretum" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum">University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum</a> 4 miles (6.4 km) south of the main campus.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> UW–Madison is organized into 13 schools and colleges, which enrolled approximately 34,200 undergraduate and 14,300 graduate and professional students in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-facts-5">[5]</a> Its academic programs include 136 undergraduate majors, 148 master's degree programs, and 120 <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">doctoral</a> programs.<a href="#cite_note-Academics-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-2018Enrollment-12">[12]</a> Wisconsin is one of the twelve founding members of the selective <a href="/wiki/Association_of_American_Universities" title="Association of American Universities">Association of American Universities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> It is considered a <a href="/wiki/Public_Ivy" title="Public Ivy">Public Ivy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> and is classified as an <a href="/wiki/Research_I_university" class="mw-redirect" title="Research I university">R1 University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-15">[15]</a> UW–Madison was also the home of both the prominent <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_school" title="Wisconsin school">"Wisconsin School" of economics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_(diplomatic_history)" title="Wisconsin School (diplomatic history)">diplomatic history</a>. In 2023, UW–Madison ranked sixth among U.S. universities in <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_research_and_development_spending" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by research and development spending">research expenditures</a>, according to the <a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NCSES-16">[16]</a> As of March 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit">[update]</a>, 20 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureates" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel laureates">Nobel laureates</a>, 41 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> winners, 2 <a href="/wiki/Fields_Medalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Fields Medalists">Fields medalists</a>, and 1 <a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a> recipient have been affiliated with UW–Madison as <a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_people" title="List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people">alumni, faculty, or researchers</a>. It is also a leading producer of <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulbright scholars">Fulbright Scholars</a> and <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows_Program" title="MacArthur Fellows Program">MacArthur Fellows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> As of November 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit">[update]</a>, 14 <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEOs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies attended UW–Madison, the most of any university in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-University_of_Wisconsin_produced_the_most_current_Fortune_500_CEOs—here's_how_29_other_schools_stack_up-18">[18]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Wisconsin Badgers</a> compete in 25 intercollegiate sports in the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten Conference</a> and have won 31 <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers#National_championships" title="Wisconsin Badgers">national championships</a>. Wisconsin students and alumni have won <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_universities_with_Olympic_medals#11th_-_50th" class="mw-redirect" title="List of American universities with Olympic medals">50 Olympic medals</a> (including 13 gold medals).<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Establishment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_State_University,_Madison,_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg/220px-Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg/330px-Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg/440px-Wisconsin_State_University%2C_Madison%2C_Wis._1879_LCCN2003654983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption>An early illustration of the campus in 1879, including <a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washburn_Observatory" title="Washburn Observatory">Washburn Observatory</a></figcaption></figure> The university had its official beginnings when the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Territory" title="Wisconsin Territory">Wisconsin Territorial Legislature</a> in its 1838 session passed a law incorporating a "University of the Territory of Wisconsin", and a high-ranking <a href="/wiki/Board_of_visitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of visitors">board of visitors</a> was appointed. However, this body (the predecessor of the UW <a href="/wiki/Governing_boards_of_colleges_and_universities_in_the_United_States" title="Governing boards of colleges and universities in the United States">board of regents</a>) never actually accomplished anything before <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> was incorporated as a state in 1848.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin Constitution">Wisconsin Constitution</a> provided for "the establishment of a state university, at or near the seat of state government..." and directed by the state legislature to be governed by a <a href="/wiki/Higher_education_governing_board#Regents" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education governing board">board of regents</a> and administered by a <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a>. On July 26, 1848, <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Dewey" title="Nelson Dewey">Nelson Dewey</a>, Wisconsin's first <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wisconsin" title="Governor of Wisconsin">governor</a>, signed the act that formally created the University of Wisconsin.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Hiram_Lathrop" title="John Hiram Lathrop">John H. Lathrop</a> became the university's first chancellor, in the fall of 1849.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> With <a href="/wiki/John_Whelan_Sterling" title="John Whelan Sterling">John W. Sterling</a> as the university's first professor (mathematics), the first class of 17 students met at <a href="/wiki/Madison_Female_Academy" title="Madison Female Academy">Madison Female Academy</a> on February 5, 1849. A permanent campus site was soon selected: an area of 50 acres (20.2 ha) "bounded north by Fourth lake, east by a street to be opened at right angles with King street", [later State Street] "south by Mineral Point Road (University Avenue), and west by a carriage-way from said road to the lake." The regents' building plans called for a "main edifice fronting towards the Capitol, three stories high, surmounted by an observatory for astronomical observations."<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> This building, University Hall, now known as <a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hall</a>, was finally completed in 1859. On October 10, 1916, a fire destroyed the building's dome, which was never replaced. <a href="/wiki/North_Hall,_University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="North Hall, University of Wisconsin">North Hall</a>, constructed in 1851, was actually the first building on campus. In 1854, Levi Booth and Charles T. Wakeley became the first graduates of the university, and in 1892 the university awarded its first <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a> to future <a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">university president</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Van_Hise" title="Charles R. Van Hise">Charles R. Van Hise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_19th_century">Late 19th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Late 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1549_siftwinnow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1549_siftwinnow.jpg/220px-1549_siftwinnow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1549_siftwinnow.jpg/330px-1549_siftwinnow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/1549_siftwinnow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="317" /></a><figcaption>"<a href="/wiki/Sifting_and_winnowing" title="Sifting and winnowing">Sifting and winnowing</a>" plaque on Bascom Hall, UW–Madison tribute to academic freedom</figcaption></figure> Female students were first admitted to the University of Wisconsin during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> in 1863.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin State Legislature">Wisconsin State Legislature</a> formally designated the university as the Wisconsin <a href="/wiki/Land-grant_university" title="Land-grant university">land-grant institution</a> in 1866.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> In 1875, William Smith Noland became the first known African-American to graduate from the university.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Science_Hall" title="University of Wisconsin Science Hall">Science Hall</a> was constructed in 1888 as one of the world's first buildings to use <a href="/wiki/I-beam" title="I-beam">I-beams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> On April 4, 1892, the first edition of the student-run <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal</a> was published.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In 1894 an unsuccessful attempt was made by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Elwin_Wells" title="Oliver Elwin Wells">Oliver Elwin Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Public_Instruction_of_Wisconsin" title="Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin">Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin</a> to expel <a href="/wiki/Richard_T._Ely" title="Richard T. Ely">Richard T. Ely</a> from his chair of director of the School of Economics, Political Science, and History at Wisconsin for purportedly teaching <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialistic</a> doctrines. This effort failed, with the Wisconsin state <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Regents" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Regents">Board of Regents</a> issuing a ringing proclamation in favor of <a href="/wiki/Academic_freedom" title="Academic freedom">academic freedom</a>, acknowledging the necessity for freely "<a href="/wiki/Sifting_and_winnowing" title="Sifting and winnowing">sifting and winnowing</a>" among competing claims of truth.<a href="#cite_note-Library.wisc.edu-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_20th_century_and_the_Wisconsin_Idea">Early 20th century and the Wisconsin Idea</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early 20th century and the Wisconsin Idea">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG/220px-Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG/330px-Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG/440px-Bascom_Hall_Fire_1917.JPG 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Bascom Hall">Bascom Hall</a> fire that destroyed the dome in 1916<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></figcaption></figure> Research, teaching, and service at the UW is influenced by a tradition known as "the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Idea" title="Wisconsin Idea">Wisconsin Idea</a>", first articulated by UW–Madison President <a href="/wiki/Charles_Van_Hise" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Van Hise">Charles Van Hise</a> in 1904, when he declared "I shall never be content until the beneficent influence of the University reaches every home in the state."<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The Wisconsin Idea holds that the boundaries of the university should be the boundaries of the state, and that the research conducted at UW–Madison should be applied to solve problems and improve health, quality of life, the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environment</a>, and agriculture for all citizens of the state. The Wisconsin Idea permeates the university's work and helps forge close working relationships among university faculty and students, and the state's industries and government.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Based in Wisconsin's populist history, the Wisconsin Idea continues to inspire the work of the faculty, staff, and students who aim to solve real-world problems by working together across disciplines and demographics.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> During this period, numerous significant research milestones were met, including the discoveries of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">Vitamin A</a> and <a href="/wiki/B_Vitamins" class="mw-redirect" title="B Vitamins">Vitamin B</a> in 1913 and 1916, respectively, by <a href="/wiki/Elmer_V._McCollum" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmer V. McCollum">Elmer V. McCollum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Davis" title="Marguerite Davis">Marguerite Davis</a>, as well as the "<a href="/wiki/Single-grain_experiment" title="Single-grain experiment">Single-grain experiment</a>" conducted by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Moulton_Babcock" title="Stephen Moulton Babcock">Stephen Moulton Babcock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edwin_B._Hart" title="Edwin B. Hart">Edwin B. Hart</a> from 1907 to 1911, paving the way for modern nutrition as a science.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> In 1923, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Steenbock" title="Harry Steenbock">Harry Steenbock</a> invented process for adding <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">vitamin D</a> to <a href="/wiki/Dairy" title="Dairy">milk</a> and in 1925, the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Alumni_Research_Foundation" title="Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation">Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation</a> was chartered to control patenting and patent income on UW–Madison inventions.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> The UW Graduate School had been separated in 1904-1905.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> In 1909, <a href="/wiki/William_Purdy" title="William Purdy">William Purdy</a> and Paul Beck wrote <a href="/wiki/On,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="On, Wisconsin">On, Wisconsin</a>, the UW–Madison athletic fight song.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Radio station 9XM, the oldest continually operating radio station in the United States, was founded on campus in 1919 (now <a href="/wiki/WHA_(AM)" title="WHA (AM)">WHA</a> (970 AM).<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison)" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin–Madison)">Memorial Union</a> opened in 1928, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Arboretum" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum">University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum</a> opened in 1934. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall,_1930.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png/220px-Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png/330px-Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png/440px-Experimental_College_group_outside_Adams_Hall%2C_1930.png 2x" data-file-width="3252" data-file-height="2163" /></a><figcaption>Students of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Experimental_College" title="University of Wisconsin Experimental College">Experimental College</a>, 1930</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Experimental_College" title="University of Wisconsin Experimental College">University of Wisconsin Experimental College</a> was a two-year college designed and led by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Meiklejohn" title="Alexander Meiklejohn">Alexander Meiklejohn</a> in 1927 with a <a href="/wiki/Great_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Great books">great books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> curriculum. Students followed a uniform curriculum that sought to teach democracy and foster an intrinsic love of learning, but the college developed a reputation for radicalism and wanton anarchy in which students lived and worked with their teachers, had no fixed schedule, no compulsory lessons, and no semesterly grades. The advisers taught primarily through <a href="/wiki/Tutorial" title="Tutorial">tutorial</a> instead of lectures. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and lack of outreach to Wisconsinites and UW faculty led to the college's closure in 1932.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> In 1936, UW–Madison began an <a href="/wiki/Artist-in-residence" title="Artist-in-residence">artist-in-residence</a> program with <a href="/wiki/John_Steuart_Curry" title="John Steuart Curry">John Steuart Curry</a>, the first ever at a university.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> In the 1940s, <a href="/wiki/Warfarin" title="Warfarin">Warfarin</a> (Coumadin) was developed at UW by the laboratory of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Paul_Link" title="Karl Paul Link">Karl Paul Link</a> and named after the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-pmid13619027-38">[38]</a> During World War II, the University of Wisconsin was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the <a href="/wiki/V-12_Navy_College_Training_Program" title="V-12 Navy College Training Program">V-12 Navy College Training Program</a> which offered students a path to a Navy commission.<a href="#cite_note-wisconsin-v-12-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_20th_century_to_present">Late 20th century to present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Late 20th century to present">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Hall_bombing" title="Sterling Hall bombing">Sterling Hall bombing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg/220px-Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg/330px-Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg/440px-Bascom_Hill_crosses2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>Bascom Hill with crosses placed by students protesting the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> and sign reading, "Bascom Memorial Cemetery, Class of 1968"</figcaption></figure> Over time, additional campuses were added to the university. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee">University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee</a> was created in 1956, and UW–Green Bay and UW–Parkside in 1968. Ten freshman-sophomore centers were also added to this system.<a href="#cite_note-Wisconsin-40">[40]</a> In 1971, Wisconsin legislators passed a law merging the University of Wisconsin with the nine universities and four freshman-sophomore branch campuses of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System#Former_Wisconsin_State_Universities" title="University of Wisconsin System">Wisconsin State Universities System</a>, creating the University of Wisconsin System and bringing the two higher education systems under a single board of regents. UW–Madison's <a href="/wiki/Howard_Temin" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard Temin">Howard Temin</a>, a virologist, co-discovered the enzyme <a href="/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase" title="Reverse transcriptase">reverse transcriptase</a> in 1969,<a href="#cite_note-pmid4316301-41">[41]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Badger_Herald" title="The Badger Herald">The Badger Herald</a> was founded as a conservative student paper the same year. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, UW–Madison was shaken by a series of student protests, and by the use of force by authorities in response, comprehensively documented in the film <a href="/wiki/The_War_at_Home_(1979_film)" title="The War at Home (1979 film)">The War at Home</a>. The first major demonstrations protested the presence on campus of <a href="/wiki/Recruitment" title="Recruitment">recruiters</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Chemical">Dow Chemical</a> Company, which supplied the <a href="/wiki/Napalm" title="Napalm">napalm</a> used in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. Authorities used force to quell the disturbance. The struggle was documented in the book, <a href="/wiki/They_Marched_into_Sunlight" title="They Marched into Sunlight">They Marched into Sunlight</a>,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> as well as the PBS documentary <a href="/wiki/Two_Days_in_October" title="Two Days in October">Two Days in October</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Among the students injured in the protest was former Madison mayor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soglin" title="Paul Soglin">Paul Soglin</a>. Another target of protest was the Army Mathematics Research Center (AMRC) in Sterling Hall, which was also home of the physics department. The student newspaper, <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal</a>, published a series of investigative articles stating that AMRC was pursuing research directly pursuant to <a href="/wiki/US_Department_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="US Department of Defense">US Department of Defense</a> requests, and supportive of military operations in Vietnam. AMRC became a magnet for demonstrations, in which protesters chanted "U.S. out of Vietnam! Smash Army Math!" On August 24, 1970, near 3:40 am, a bomb exploded next to Sterling Hall, aimed at destroying the Army Math Research Center.<a href="#cite_note-Stucki-44">[44]</a> Despite the late hour, a <a href="/wiki/Postdoctoral_researcher" title="Postdoctoral researcher">post doctoral physics researcher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fassnacht" title="Robert Fassnacht">Robert Fassnacht</a>, was in the lab and was killed in the explosion. The physics department was severely damaged, while the intended target, the AMRC, was scarcely affected. <a href="/wiki/Karleton_Armstrong" class="mw-redirect" title="Karleton Armstrong">Karleton Armstrong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Armstrong" title="Dwight Armstrong">Dwight Armstrong</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Fine_(activist)" title="David Fine (activist)">David Fine</a> were found responsible for the blast. <a href="/wiki/Leo_Burt" title="Leo Burt">Leo Burt</a> was identified as a suspect, but was never apprehended or tried.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In 1998, UW–Madison's <a href="/wiki/James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)" title="James Thomson (cell biologist)">James Thomson</a> first isolated and cultured human embryonic <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">stem cells</a>.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Campus">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camp_Randall_arch_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg/220px-Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg/330px-Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg/440px-Camp_Randall_arch_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2402" data-file-height="1886" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall" title="Camp Randall">Camp Randall</a> memorial arch</figcaption></figure> Located in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a>, about a mile from the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">state capitol</a>, the main campus of the university is situated partially on <a href="/wiki/Madison_Isthmus" title="Madison Isthmus">the isthmus</a> between <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Monona" title="Lake Monona">Lake Monona</a>. The main campus comprises 933 acres (378 ha) of land, while the entire campus, including research stations throughout the state, is over 10,600 acres (4,290 ha) in area. The central campus is on an urban layout mostly coinciding with the city of Madison's street grid, exceptions being the suburban <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Hospital_and_Clinics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics">University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics</a>, and the Department of Psychiatry & Clinics in the West Side research park. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Arboretum" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum">University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum</a>, a demonstration area for native ecosystems, is located on the west side of Madison. The main campus includes many buildings designed or supervised by architects <a href="/wiki/J.T.W._Jennings" class="mw-redirect" title="J.T.W. Jennings">J.T.W. Jennings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Peabody" title="Arthur Peabody">Arthur Peabody</a>. The hub of campus life is the <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin-Madison)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin-Madison)">Memorial Union</a>. UW–Madison's campus has been ranked as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the United States by <a href="/wiki/Travel_%2B_Leisure" title="Travel + Leisure">Travel + Leisure</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast_Traveler" title="Condé Nast Traveler">Condé Nast Traveler</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> One unusual feature of the campus is the Babcock Hall dairy plant and store, a fully functional dairy well known for its ice cream.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bascom_Hill">Bascom Hill</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bascom Hill">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg/220px-Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg/330px-Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg/440px-Bascom_Hall_Sunset.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5177" data-file-height="3614" /></a><figcaption>Bascom Hall sits atop <a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a> at the heart of campus.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Science_Hall,_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG/220px-Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG/330px-Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG/440px-Science_Hall%2C_University_of_Wisconsin_Madison.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Science_Hall" title="University of Wisconsin Science Hall">Science Hall</a> was constructed in 1888.</figcaption></figure> As one of the icons on campus, Bascom Hall,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> at the top of Bascom Hill, is often considered the "heart of the campus." Built in 1857, a decorative dome that once sat atop the structure was destroyed by fire in 1916. The structure has been added to several times over the years. The building currently houses the office of the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">chancellor</a> and vice chancellors. Bascom Hall is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> as a contributing building within the Bascom Hill Historic District.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Flanking both sides of Bascom Hall are the two oldest surviving buildings on campus. Designed by <a href="/wiki/John_F._Rague" title="John F. Rague">John F. Rague</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Federal_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal style">Federal style</a>, the oldest structure in the university, <a href="/wiki/North_Hall_(University_of_Wisconsin)" title="North Hall (University of Wisconsin)">North Hall</a> (built in 1851), was planned to be similar to the dormitories at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp-52">[52]</a> It is still in use as the home of the Department of Political Science. Its opposite twin, South Hall (built in 1855), originally served as the women's dormitory prior to the establishment of the Female College Building in 1871 (today the location of Chadbourne Hall).<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The administrative offices of the College of Letters and Science now occupy the building. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_(8051910688).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg/170px-Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg/255px-Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg/340px-Carillon_Tower-University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_10-02-2012_360_%288051910688%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2953" data-file-height="3713" /></a><figcaption>Evening view of the Carillon Tower</figcaption></figure> The Carillon Tower, erected in 1936, was designed by <a href="/wiki/Warren_Powers_Laird" title="Warren Powers Laird">Warren Powers Laird</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Philippe_Cret" title="Paul Philippe Cret">Paul Philippe Cret</a> so that the <a href="/wiki/Balustrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Balustrade">balustrade</a> echoes that on Bascom Hall.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman_Carillon-54">[54]</a> The carillon has 56 bronze bells, with the largest weighing 6,800 pounds.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> An automated system rings bells on the hour, playing songs such as "<a href="/wiki/Varsity_(toast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Varsity (toast)">Varsity</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/On,_Wisconsin!" title="On, Wisconsin!">On, Wisconsin!</a>". East of the tower, lies a monument to the <a href="/wiki/Sauk_people" title="Sauk people">Sauk</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_(Sauk_leader)" title="Black Hawk (Sauk leader)">Black Hawk</a>, whose flight through the Madison area represented the last armed conflict between the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> and native peoples in southern Wisconsin.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Several other notable architectural styles are represented in the historic core of the university. Following the 1884 fire that destroyed the original, <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee, Wisconsin">Milwaukee</a> architect <a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Koch" title="Henry C. Koch">Henry C. Koch</a> designed the new <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Science_Hall" title="University of Wisconsin Science Hall">Science Hall</a> (built in 1888) in a <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_Revival_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanesque Revival style">Romanesque Revival style</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The Education Building, originally designed to house the College of Engineering, features a <a href="/wiki/Beaux_Arts_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaux Arts style">Beaux-Arts style</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Structures built in a <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoclassical style">Neoclassical style</a> include Birge Hall and the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Located at the foot of the hill, Music Hall was designed in 1878 by Madison architect <a href="/wiki/David_R._Jones_(architect)" title="David R. Jones (architect)">David R. Jones</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival</a> style. Van Hise Hall is home to most of the languages departments of the university<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> and the upper floors house the offices of the University of Wisconsin System's president and its Board of Regents. At 241 feet and 19 stories, Van Hise is the second-tallest building in Madison and one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_educational_buildings" title="List of tallest educational buildings">tallest educational buildings</a> in the world.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Because of its placement atop Bascom Hill it towers over the State Capitol as the building with the highest elevation in the city. Van Hise Hall was constructed in 1967 and its destruction is slated for sometime around 2025 as part of the university's campus master plan.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> The <a href="/wiki/George_Mosse" title="George Mosse">George L. Mosse</a> Humanities Building, located on Library Mall, was built in the late 1960s in the <a href="/wiki/Brutalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutalist">Brutalist</a> style. Although debunked, the campus myth is that the building (with its poor ventilation, narrow windows, inclined base, and cantilevered upper floors) was designed to be "riot-proof".<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Its seven floors house the history, art, and music departments. The most recent campus master plan calls for it to be demolished and replaced with two other buildings,<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> in part because of water damage.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wisconsin_Union">Wisconsin Union</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wisconsin Union">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Union" title="Wisconsin Union">Wisconsin Union</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg/220px-Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg/330px-Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg/440px-Library_Mall_UW%E2%80%93Madison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison)" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin–Madison)">Memorial Union</a> (right)</figcaption></figure> The University of Wisconsin–Madison has two <a href="/wiki/Student_activity_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Student activity center">student unions</a>. The older, <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison)" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin–Madison)">Memorial Union</a>, was built in 1928 to honor American World War I <a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">veterans</a>. Also known as the Union or the Terrace, it has gained a reputation as one of the most beautiful <a href="/wiki/Student_activity_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Student activity center">student centers</a> on a university campus. Located on the shore of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a>, it is a popular spot for socializing among both students and the public, who enjoy gazing at the lake and its sailboats. The union is known for the <a href="/wiki/Rathskeller" class="mw-redirect" title="Rathskeller">Rathskeller</a>, a German pub adjacent to the lake terrace. Political debates and <a href="/wiki/Backgammon" title="Backgammon">backgammon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheepshead_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheepshead (game)">sheepshead</a> games over a beer on the terrace are common among students. The Rathskeller serves "Rathskeller Ale", a beer brewed expressly for the Terrace. Memorial Union was the first union at a public university to serve beer.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison,_WI_8-30-2011_753_(6933430819).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg/220px-Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg/330px-Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg/440px-Madison%2C_WI_8-30-2011_753_%286933430819%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4556" data-file-height="3080" /></a><figcaption>Terrace on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a> behind Memorial Union</figcaption></figure> Memorial Union is home to many arts venues, including several art galleries, the Wisconsin Union Theater, and a craft shop that provides courses and facilities for arts and crafts activities. Students and Madison community members alike congregate at the Memorial Union for the films and concerts each week. An advisory referendum to renovate and expand Memorial Union was approved by the student body in 2006, and the university completed the renovation in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_South_(Wisconsin)" title="Union South (Wisconsin)">Union South</a> was first built in 1971 to better accommodate a growing student enrollment. The original structure was demolished in 2008 and replaced with a <a href="/wiki/LEED" title="LEED">LEED</a>-certified building which opened in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The building contains several dining options, an art gallery, a movie theater, a climbing wall, a bowling alley, event spaces, and a hotel.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The Wisconsin Union also provides a home for the Wisconsin Union Directorate Student Programming Board, which provides regular programs for both students and community members. One of the most well-known members is the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Hoofers" title="Wisconsin Hoofers">Wisconsin Hoofers</a>, a club that organizes outdoor recreational activities.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Henry_Mall">Henry Mall</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Henry Mall">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mall_Historic_District" title="Henry Mall Historic District">Henry Mall Historic District</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_(Henry_Mall).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg/220px-University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg/330px-University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg/440px-University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_August_2022_34_%28Henry_Mall%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mall_Historic_District" title="Henry Mall Historic District">Henry Mall</a> is surrounded by departments of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Agricultural_and_Life_Sciences" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences">College of Agricultural and Life Sciences</a></figcaption></figure> Henry Mall is a 50-foot wide and 575-foot long landscaped quadrangle that was designed by architects Warren Laird and Paul Cret and constructed between 1903 and 1961.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a> The mall contains buildings that represent Neoclassical, Beaux-Arts, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Renaissance Revival">Italian Renaissance Revival</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Modern_Movement_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Movement architecture">Modern Movement</a> styles of architecture.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a> Laird and Cret were hired to draw up a master plan for future construction at the campus, with the idea of creating a more unified and aesthetically pleasing area. The departments around the Henry Mall area were conceived to be "technical" and geographically close to the science departments and the university farm.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a> The Mall features several notable buildings, including <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_Hall_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="Agriculture Hall (Madison, Wisconsin)">Agriculture Hall</a>, the Agronomy Building, the <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Engineering_Building" title="Agricultural Engineering Building">Agricultural Engineering Building</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Chemistry_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural Chemistry Building">Agricultural Chemistry Building</a>. The Mall is also home to several artworks, including the Hoard statue by <a href="/wiki/Gutzon_Borglum" title="Gutzon Borglum">Gutzon Borglum</a>, which honors <a href="/wiki/William_Dempster_Hoard" class="mw-redirect" title="William Dempster Hoard">William Dempster Hoard</a>, the publisher of Hoard's Dairyman magazine.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The Henry Boulder, a chunk of gneiss on the mall with a plaque, is dedicated to Dean <a href="/wiki/William_Arnon_Henry" title="William Arnon Henry">William Arnon Henry</a>, the mall's namesake, who helped establish the College of Agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a> Other buildings in the area include the Stovall Lab of Hygiene and the Genetics Building.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The Henry Mall Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp2-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effigy_mounds">Effigy mounds</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Effigy mounds">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG/220px-Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG/330px-Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG/440px-Willow_Drive_Mounds-DA119.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Willow Drive Effigy Mounds</figcaption></figure> UW–Madison claims more distinct archaeological sites than on any other university campus.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The campus contains four clusters of <a href="/wiki/Effigy_mounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Effigy mounds">effigy mounds</a> located at Observatory Hill, Willow Drive, Picnic Point, and Eagle Heights. These sites, reflecting thousands of years of human habitation in the area, have survived to a greater or lesser degree on campus, depending on location and past building activities. Surviving sites are marked and fenced on the campus, ensuring that they are not disturbed. Wisconsin statutes protect effigy mounds by giving them a five-foot buffer zone.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Lakeshore_Nature_Preserve" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve">Lakeshore Nature Preserve Committee</a> is endeavoring to "...safeguard beloved cultural landscapes," through aggressive enforcement of measures for the preservation of such zones and advocating for broader buffers where possible.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg/220px-Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg/330px-Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg/440px-Chazen_Museum_of_Art_Interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4080" data-file-height="2720" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the <a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Madison_Geology_Museum" title="UW–Madison Geology Museum">Geology Museum</a> features rocks, minerals, and fossils from around the world. Highlights include a blacklight room, a walk-through cave, and a fragment of the <a href="/wiki/Meteor_Crater" title="Meteor Crater">Barringer meteorite</a>. Some noteworthy fossils include the first dinosaur skeleton assembled in Wisconsin (an <a href="/wiki/Edmontosaurus" title="Edmontosaurus">Edmontosaurus</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">shark</a> (<a href="/wiki/Squalicorax" title="Squalicorax">Squalicorax</a>) and a floating colony of <a href="/wiki/Crinoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Crinoids">sea lilies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uintacrinus" title="Uintacrinus">Uintacrinus</a>), both from the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> chalk of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, and the Boaz <a href="/wiki/Mastodon" title="Mastodon">Mastodon</a>, a found on a farm in southwestern Wisconsin in 1897.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a>, formerly the Elvehjem Museum of Art, maintains a collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture, prints and photographs spanning over 700 years of art.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> The university's Zoological Museum maintains a collection of approximately 500,000 zoological specimens, which can be used for research and instruction. A special collection contains skeletons, artifacts, and research papers associated with the <a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands" title="Galápagos Islands">Galápagos Islands</a>. Since 1978, the UW–Madison Zoological Museum has been one of only three museums granted permission by the Ecuadoran Government to collect anatomical specimens from the Galápagos Islands.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The <a href="/wiki/L._R._Ingersoll_Physics_Museum" title="L. R. Ingersoll Physics Museum">L. R. Ingersoll Physics Museum</a> contains a range of exhibits demonstrating <a href="/wiki/Classical_physics" title="Classical physics">classical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modern_physics" title="Modern physics">modern physics</a>. Many of the exhibits allow for hands-on interaction by visitors. The museum also has a number of historical instruments and pictures on display.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_administration">Organization and administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Organization and administration">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg/220px-Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg/330px-Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg/440px-Wisconsin_Law_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Law_School" title="University of Wisconsin Law School">Law Building</a> on Bascom Hill</figcaption></figure> The University of Wisconsin–Madison is divided into eight main undergraduate schools and colleges and four main professional schools, some of which have further divisions:<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Agricultural_and_Life_Sciences" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences">College of Agricultural and Life Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_of_Business" title="Wisconsin School of Business">School of Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Education" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Education">School of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Engineering" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering">College of Engineering</a></li> <li>Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies</li> <li>Graduate School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Human_Ecology" title="University of Wisconsin School of Human Ecology">School of Human Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Law_School" title="University of Wisconsin Law School">Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Letters_and_Science" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science">College of Letters & Science</a> <ul><li>School of Computer, Data & Information Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Music" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Music">Mead Witter School of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Journalism_%26_Mass_Communication" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Journalism & Mass Communication">School of Journalism & Mass Communication</a></li> <li>School of Social Work</li> <li>School of Library and Information Studies</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs">Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">School of Medicine and Public Health</a></li> <li>School of Nursing</li> <li>School of Pharmacy</li> <li>School of Veterinary Medicine</li></ul> UW–Madison is governed by the Board of Regents of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>, which governs each of the state's 13 comprehensive public universities.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> The board has 18 members; 16 are appointed by the governor of Wisconsin, while two are students of the system. Furthermore, the elected <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Public_Instruction_of_Wisconsin" title="Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin">superintendent of public instruction</a> serves as an ex-officio member.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The board establishes the regulations and budgets for the university and appoints the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor" title="Chancellor">chancellor</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Mnookin" title="Jennifer Mnookin">Jennifer Mnookin</a>, former dean of the <a href="/wiki/UCLA_School_of_Law" title="UCLA School of Law">UCLA School of Law</a>, has served as the chancellor of UW–Madison since 2022.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Academics">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg/220px-Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg/330px-Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg/440px-Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2747" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery" title="Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery">Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery</a></figcaption></figure> The University of Wisconsin–Madison, the flagship campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>, is a large, four-year research university comprising twenty associated colleges and schools.<a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-15">[15]</a> In addition to undergraduate and <a href="/wiki/Quaternary_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaternary education">graduate</a> divisions in agriculture and life sciences, business, education, engineering, <a href="/wiki/Human_ecology" title="Human ecology">human ecology</a>, journalism and <a href="/wiki/Mass_communication" title="Mass communication">mass communication</a>, letters and science, music, <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">nursing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pharmacy" title="Pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Social_welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Social welfare">social welfare</a>, the university also maintains graduate and professional schools in <a href="/wiki/Environmental_studies" title="Environmental studies">environmental studies</a>, law, <a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">library</a> and <a href="/wiki/Information_science" title="Information science">information studies</a>, medicine and <a href="/wiki/Public_health" title="Public health">public health</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">(School of Medicine and Public Health)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_administration" title="Public administration">public affairs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Veterinary_medicine" title="Veterinary medicine">veterinary medicine</a>. The four year, full-time undergraduate instructional program is classified by the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Foundation_for_the_Advancement_of_Teaching" title="Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching">Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching</a> as "arts and science plus professions" with a high graduate coexistence.<a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-15">[15]</a> The largest university college, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Letters_and_Science" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science">College of Letters and Science</a>, enrolls approximately half of the undergraduate student body and is made up of 38 departments and five professional schools<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> that instruct students and carry out research in a wide variety of fields, such as <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>, economics, <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">geography</a>, history, <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">zoology</a>. The graduate instructional program is classified by Carnegie as "comprehensive with medical/veterinary." In 2008, it granted the third largest number of doctorates in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-NSFDoctorates-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Admissions">Admissions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Admissions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="float:right; clear:right;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Undergraduate admissions statistics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="position:relative;">2023 entering class<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2023-92">[92]</a>Change vs. 2018</div><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admit rate</th><td class="infobox-data">43.3% <div style="float:right;">(<img alt="Neutral decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/11px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/17px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/22px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="346" /> −8.4)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Yield_(college_admissions)" title="Yield (college admissions)">Yield rate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">28.9% <div style="float:right;">(<img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> −2.2)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;">Test scores <a href="/wiki/Interquartile_range" title="Interquartile range">middle 50%</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[i]</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/SAT" title="SAT">SAT</a> Total</th><td class="infobox-data">1370–1490 (among 16% of <a href="/wiki/Freshman" title="Freshman">FTFs</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ACT_(test)" title="ACT (test)">ACT</a> Composite</th><td class="infobox-data">28–32 (among 38% of <a href="/wiki/Freshman" title="Freshman">FTFs</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;">High school <a href="/wiki/GPA" class="mw-redirect" title="GPA">GPA</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average</th><td class="infobox-data">3.9</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> Among students who chose to submit </li> </ol></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton Review">Princeton Review</a> ranked the University of Wisconsin–Madison's undergraduate admissions selectivity a 92/99.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> The 2022 annual ranking of <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> categorizes UW–Madison as "more selective."<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> For the Class of 2027 (enrolled Fall 2023), UW–Madison received 63,537 applications and accepted 27,527 (43.3%). Of those accepted, 7,966 enrolled, for a total <a href="/wiki/Yield_(college_admissions)" title="Yield (college admissions)">yield rate</a> (the percentage of accepted students who choose to attend the university) of 28.9%. On average, UW–Madison accepts about two-thirds of in-state applicants, while its out-of-state acceptance rate is approximately 18%.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> UW–Madison's freshman <a href="/wiki/University_student_retention" title="University student retention">retention rate</a> is 94.2%, with 89.2% going on to graduate within six years.<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2022-98">[97]</a> The university started test-optional admissions with the Fall 2021 incoming class in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and has extended this through Fall 2024. Of the 38% of enrolled freshmen in 2022 who submitted <a href="/wiki/ACT_(test)" title="ACT (test)">ACT</a> scores; the middle 50 percent Composite score was between 28 and 33.<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2022-98">[97]</a> Of the 18% of the incoming freshman class who submitted <a href="/wiki/SAT" title="SAT">SAT</a> scores; the middle 50 percent Composite scores were 1370–1500.<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2022-98">[97]</a> The average unweighted GPA among enrolled freshman was 3.88.<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2022-98">[97]</a> Admission is <a href="/wiki/Need-blind" class="mw-redirect" title="Need-blind">need-blind</a> for domestic applicants.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> The University of Wisconsin–Madison is a college-sponsor of the National Merit Scholarship Program and sponsored 10 Merit Scholarship awards in 2020. In the 2020–2021 academic year, 30 freshman students were <a href="/wiki/National_Merit_Scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="National Merit Scholars">National Merit Scholars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:right: font-size:90%; margin:10px"> <caption>Fall First-Time Freshman Statistics<a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2023-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-FallEnrollmentReport2022-98">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>2023 </th> <th>2022 </th> <th>2021</th> <th>2020</th> <th>2019</th> <th>2018 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Applicants </th> <td>63,537 </td> <td>60,260 </td> <td>53,829</td> <td>45,941</td> <td>43,921</td> <td>42,741 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Admits </th> <td>27,527 </td> <td>29,546 </td> <td>32,466</td> <td>26,289</td> <td>23,287</td> <td>22,099 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Admit rate </th> <td>43.3 </td> <td>49.0 </td> <td>60.3</td> <td>57.2</td> <td>53.0</td> <td>51.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Enrolled </th> <td>7,966 </td> <td>8,635 </td> <td>8,465</td> <td>7,306</td> <td>7,550</td> <td>6,862 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Yield rate </th> <td>28.9 </td> <td>29.2 </td> <td>26.1</td> <td>27.8</td> <td>32.4</td> <td>31.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>ACT composite* (out of 36) </th> <td>28–32 (38%†) </td> <td>28–33 (38%†) </td> <td>28–32 (46%†)</td> <td>27–32 (78%†)</td> <td>27–32 (79%†)</td> <td>27–32 (84%†) </td></tr> <tr> <th>SAT composite* (out of 1600) </th> <td>1370–1490 (16%†) </td> <td>1370–1500 (18%†) </td> <td>1350–1480 (15%†)</td> <td>1300–1440 (27%†)</td> <td>1330–1450 (28%†)</td> <td>1300–1480 (23%†) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7">* middle 50% range † percentage of first-time freshmen who chose to submit </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reputation_and_rankings">Reputation and rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Reputation and rankings">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States" title="College and university rankings in the United States">Academic rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">National</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Top_Colleges" title="America's Top Colleges">Forbes</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Forbes_NU-105">[104]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">39</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">U.S. News & World Report</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_NU-106">[105]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">39</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Monthly_college_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Monthly college rankings">Washington Monthly</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Wamo_NU-107">[106]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">11</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">WSJ</a>/College Pulse<a href="#cite_note-Rankings_WSJ_NU-108">[107]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">58</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">Global</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_QS_W-109">[108]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">102</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_THES_W-110">[109]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">63</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking">U.S. News & World Report</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_W-111">[110]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">63</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="float:right; clear:right; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="background:#C5050C; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #333333, inset -2px -2px 0 #333333;">National Program Rankings<a href="#cite_note-USNWR-112">[111]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Program </th> <th>Ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>Audiology</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biological Sciences</td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business</td> <td>43 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Clinical Psychology</td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Computer Science</td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Earth Sciences</td> <td>20 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Economics</td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Engineering</td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td>English</td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fine Arts</td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td>History</td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Law</td> <td>36 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Library & Information Studies</td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mathematics</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medicine: Primary Care</td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medicine: Research</td> <td>35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nursing: Doctor of Nursing Practice</td> <td>66 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Occupational Therapy</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pharmacy</td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physical Therapy</td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physician Assistant</td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physics</td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Political Science</td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Psychology</td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Affairs</td> <td>23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Health</td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rehabilitation Counseling</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Social Work</td> <td>20 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sociology</td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Speech-Language Pathology</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Statistics</td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veterinary Medicine</td> <td>7 </td></tr> </tbody></table> UW–Madison's undergraduate program was ranked tied for 39th among national universities by <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> for 2025 and tied for 13th among public universities.<a href="#cite_note-USNWR2-113">[112]</a> Poets&Quants ranked the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_of_Business" title="Wisconsin School of Business">Wisconsin School of Business</a> undergraduate program 22nd in the nation, up 10 positions from 2022, and top 10 among public universities.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> Other graduate schools ranked by USNWR for 2022 include the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">School of Medicine and Public Health</a>, which was 33rd in research and 12th in primary care, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Education" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Education">University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Education</a> tied for fourth, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Engineering" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering">University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering</a> tied for 26th, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Law_School" title="University of Wisconsin Law School">University of Wisconsin Law School</a> tied for 29th, and the <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs">Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs</a> tied for 25th.<a href="#cite_note-USNWR2-113">[112]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a>/<a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education</a> College Rankings 2022 ranked UW–Madison 58th among 801 U.S. colleges and universities based upon 15 individual performance indicators.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> UW–Madison was ranked eleventh in the nation and second among public universities by the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Monthly" title="Washington Monthly">Washington Monthly</a> 2023 National University Rankings.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> In 2023, Money.com gave the University of Wisconsin–Madison 5 out of 5 stars among four-year colleges and universities in their Best Colleges in America list.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> UW–Madison was ranked 35th among world universities in 2022 by the <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a>, which assesses academic and research performance.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> In the 2024 <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a>, UW–Madison was ranked 102nd in the world.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> The 2024 <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">Times Higher Education World University Rankings</a> placed UW–Madison 63rd worldwide, based primarily on surveys administered to students, faculty, and recruiters.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> For 2023, UW–Madison was ranked 63rd by <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> among global universities.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> In 2023, UW–Madison was ranked 28th globally by the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_World_University_Rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for World University Rankings">Center for World University Rankings</a>, which relies on outcome-based samplings, coupled with a Subject ranking in 227 subject categories.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Libraries">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg/220px-View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg/330px-View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg/440px-View_from_Bascom_Hill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1520" /></a><figcaption>A view of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> from atop <a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a>. The Mosse Humanities building is on the right, Wisconsin Historical Society (fore) and Memorial Library (rear) on the left.</figcaption></figure> The University of Wisconsin–Madison has the 12th largest research library collection in North America.<a href="#cite_note-ARL-123">[122]</a> More than 30 professional and special-purpose libraries serve the campus.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> The campus library collections include more than 11 million volumes representing human inquiry through all of history.<a href="#cite_note-ARL-123">[122]</a> In addition, the collections comprised more than 103,844 serial titles, 6.4 million microform items, and over 8.2 million items in other formats, such as government documents, maps, musical scores, and audiovisual materials.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Over 1 million volumes are circulated to library users every year.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> Memorial Library serves as the principal research facility on campus for the humanities and social sciences. It is the largest library in the state, with over 3.5 million volumes.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> It also houses a periodical collection, domestic and foreign newspapers, Special Collections,<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> the Mills Music Library,<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> and the UW Digital Collections Center.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> The UW–Madison Libraries are members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> Steenbock Memorial Library is the primary science library and supports the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, the College of Engineering, the School of Veterinary Medicine, UW–Extension and Cooperative Extension, and the College of Liberal Arts and Science Departments of Botany, Chemistry, Computer Science, Statistics, and Zoology.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> The University of Wisconsin–Madison Archives and Records Management Department and Oral History Program are also located in Steenbock Library. The library is named for UW professor <a href="/wiki/Harry_Steenbock" title="Harry Steenbock">Harry Steenbock</a> (1886–1967), who developed an inexpensive method of enriching foods with vitamin D in the 1920s. This library is open to the public. After the closure of the Wendt Library for Engineering,<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> Steenbock Library was designated a Patent and Trademark Depository Library, and it maintains all U.S. utility, design, and plant patents, and provides reference tools and assistance for both the general public and the UW–Madison community. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg/220px-Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg/330px-Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg/440px-Wisconsin_Historical_Society_library_reading_room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3100" data-file-height="2329" /></a><figcaption>Library reading room of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a></figcaption></figure> Undergraduates can find many of the resources they need at College Library in Helen C. White Hall.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> Special collections there include Ethnic Studies, Career, Women's, and Gaus (Poetry). The Open Book collection, created to support the extra-academic interests of undergraduates, contains DVDs, audio books, and video games, and paperback books.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> The library also has a coffee shop, the Open Book Café.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> College Library houses a media center with over 200 computer workstations, DV editing stations, scanners, poster printing, and equipment checkout (including laptops, digital cameras, projectors, and more). Ebling Library for the Health Sciences is located in the Health Sciences Learning Center. It opened in 2004 after the Middleton Library, Weston Library, and Power Pharmaceutical Library merged collections and staff.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> The LGBT Student Center, located in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Armory_and_Gymnasium" title="University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium">Red Gym</a>, functions as a library for queer-themed fiction and non-fiction and provides training and resources for the entire campus.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> The Kohler Art Library is located in the Conrad A. Elvehjem Building across from the <a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a> and serves as the main campus resource for art and architecture. The library supports the Departments of Art and Art History as well as the Chazen Museum. Its collections number over 185,000 volumes covering global art movements of all periods.<a href="#cite_note-:0-140">[139]</a> A feature of the library is the Artists' Book Collection, which contains over 1,000 artists' books from 175 presses and artists.<a href="#cite_note-:0-140">[139]</a> The collection, created as a teaching resource in 1970 by founding Kohler Art Library Director William C. Bunce, was digitized in 2007 by the UW Digital Collections Center.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> The Kohler Art Library is open to the public. UW–Madison Libraries is maintain their own online catalog.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> It includes bibliographic records for books, periodicals, audiovisual materials, maps, music scores, microforms, and computer databases owned by over 30 campus libraries, as well as records for items part of the University of Wisconsin System Libraries. The UW–Madison Libraries website provides access to resources licensed for use by those affiliated with UW–Madison, in addition to those openly available on the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Letters_&_Science_Honors_Program">Letters & Science Honors Program</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Letters & Science Honors Program">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Washburn_Observatory_(14805263590).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg/220px-Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg/330px-Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg/440px-Washburn_Observatory_%2814805263590%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4855" data-file-height="3237" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Washburn_Observatory" title="Washburn Observatory">Washburn Observatory</a> houses the College of Letters & Science Honors Program.</figcaption></figure> The L&S Honors Program serves over 1300 students in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Letters_and_Science" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science">College of Letters and Science</a> (the UW–Madison's <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_college" title="Liberal arts college">liberal arts college</a>) with an enriched undergraduate <a href="/wiki/Curriculum" title="Curriculum">curriculum</a>. In addition to its curriculum, the program offers professional advising services; research opportunities and funding; and numerous academic, social and service opportunities through the Honors Student Organization. The Honors Program also supports several student organizations, such as the University of Wisconsin–Madison Forensics Team. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance">Big Ten Academic Alliance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Big Ten Academic Alliance">edit</a>]</div> The University of Wisconsin is a participant in the <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance" title="Big Ten Academic Alliance">Big Ten Academic Alliance</a>. The Big Ten Academic Alliance (BTAA) is the academic consortium of the universities in the <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten Conference</a>. Students at participating schools are allowed "in-house" borrowing privileges at other schools' libraries.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> The BTAA uses collective purchasing and licensing, and has saved member institutions $19 million to date.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> Course sharing,<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> <a href="/wiki/Professional_development" title="Professional development">professional development</a> programs,<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> <a href="/wiki/Study_abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Study abroad">study abroad</a> and international collaborations,<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> and other initiatives are also part of the BTAA. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Institute_for_Creative_Writing">Institute for Creative Writing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Institute for Creative Writing">edit</a>]</div> The Wisconsin Institute for Creative Writing is a post-graduate program for emerging writers offered by the Creative Writing Program at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Each year, it awards "internationally-competitive" nine-month fellowships to writers of fiction and poetry who have yet to publish a second book.<a href="#cite_note-creativewriting.wisc.edu-148">[147]</a> Notable past Fellows include <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Doerr" title="Anthony Doerr">Anthony Doerr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Packer_(author)" title="Ann Packer (author)">Ann Packer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quan_Barry" title="Quan Barry">Quan Barry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-149">[148]</a> The Wisconsin Institute for Creative Writing offers two fellowships in fiction and three fellowships in poetry. These include the James C. McCreight Fiction Fellowship, the Carol Houck Smith Fiction Fellowship, the Ruth Halls Poetry Fellowship, the Ronald Wallace Poetry Fellowship, and the First Wave Poetry Fellowship. Additionally, it offers the Halls Emerging Artist Fellowship to a second-year candidate of the University of Wisconsin–Madison's MFA program in creative writing, in order to fund a third year of study. Fellows receive a cash prize of a minimum of $38,000 as well as health insurance. Fellows are required to live in the <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a> area for the duration of their fellowships, teach one creative writing workshop each semester, assist in judging the English department's writing contests and fellowships, and give a public reading.<a href="#cite_note-creativewriting.wisc.edu-148">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> The Wisconsin Institute for Creative Writing was founded in 1985 by the poet <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Wallace_(poet)" title="Ronald Wallace (poet)">Ronald Wallace</a>, who taught at the University of Wisconsin's English department from 1972 to 2015.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> WICW was created "to provide time, space, and an intellectual community for writers working on a first book of poetry or fiction." In 2012, the Institute expanded its fellowship eligibility requirements to include writers who have published only one book-length work of creative writing.<a href="#cite_note-creativewriting.wisc.edu-148">[147]</a> From 2008 to 2014, it offered the Carl Djerassi Distinguished Playwriting Fellowship in addition to fiction and poetry fellowships.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-149">[148]</a> Fellowship applications are judged anonymously until finalists are chosen. However, "it is the work and the work alone that really matters," says <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Lee_Kercheval" title="Jesse Lee Kercheval">Jesse Lee Kercheval</a>, in a conversation with the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Writers_%26_Writing_Programs" title="Association of Writers & Writing Programs">Association of Writers and Writing Programs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <caption class="nowrap">List of current and former Fellows<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-149">[148]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Fellows </th></tr> <tr> <td>1986–1987 </td> <td> <ul><li>Juanita Brunk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_Spark" title="Debra Spark">Debra Spark</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987–1988 </td> <td> <ul><li>Mari Hatta</li> <li>Marly Swick</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988–1989 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Packer_(author)" title="Ann Packer (author)">Ann Packer</a></li> <li>Lise Goett</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989–1990 </td> <td> <ul><li>Heather Aronson</li> <li>Adele Ne Jame</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990–1991 </td> <td> <ul><li>Michael Barrett</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Garland" title="Max Garland">Max Garland</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991–1992 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D%27Ambrosio" title="Charles D'Ambrosio">Charles D'Ambrosio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Kovacik" title="Karen Kovacik">Karen Kovacik</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992–1993 </td> <td> <ul><li>Sara Corbett</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Rhoades" title="Lisa Rhoades">Lisa Rhoades</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993–1994 </td> <td> <ul><li>Aaron Anstett</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Lee_(writer)" title="Rebecca Lee (writer)">Rebecca Lee</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994–1995 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Brouwer" title="Joel Brouwer">Joel Brouwer</a></li> <li>Eileen Fitzgerald</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995–1996 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Loomis" title="Jon Loomis">Jon Loomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reisman" title="Nancy Reisman">Nancy Reisman</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996–1997 </td> <td> <ul><li>Anne Caston</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Skibell" title="Joseph Skibell">Joseph Skibell</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td> <ul><li>Allyson Goldin Loomis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Messer" title="Sarah Messer">Sarah Messer</a></li> <li>Brad Owens</li> <li>Jennifer Tonge</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998–1999 </td> <td> <ul><li>Benn Ann Fennelly</li> <li>John McNally</li> <li>Judith Claire Mitchell</li> <li>Stephen Schottenfeld</li> <li>Katharine Whitcomb</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999–2000 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quan_Barry" title="Quan Barry">Quan Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Doerr" title="Anthony Doerr">Anthony Doerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Hilles" title="Rick Hilles">Rick Hilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Reinhorn" title="Holiday Reinhorn">Holiday Reinhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysley_Tenorio" title="Lysley Tenorio">Lysley Tenorio</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000–2001 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Wilson" title="Antoine Wilson">Antoine Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Vanderbes" title="Jennifer Vanderbes">Jennifer Vanderbes</a></li> <li>Erica Olsen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Nezhukumatathil" title="Aimee Nezhukumatathil">Aimee Nezhukumatathil</a></li> <li>Blas Manuel De Luna</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_G._Van_Cleave" title="Ryan G. Van Cleave">Ryan G. van Cleave</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001–2002 </td> <td> <ul><li>Deborah Bernhardt</li> <li>Susanna Daniel</li> <li>Ha-yun Jung</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Meitner" title="Erika Meitner">Erika Meitner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imad_Rahman" title="Imad Rahman">Imad Rahman</a></li> <li>Mitch Raney</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002–2003 </td> <td> <ul><li>Ashley Capps</li> <li>Miriam Gershow</li> <li>Tamara Avila Guirado</li> <li>Lydia Melvin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srikanth_Reddy" title="Srikanth Reddy">Srikanth Reddy</a></li> <li>David Zimmerman</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003–2004 </td> <td> <ul><li>Josh Bell</li> <li>Matt Frieidson</li> <li>Frances Hwang</li> <li>Nathan S. Jones</li> <li>Jacinda Townsend</li> <li>Sharmila Voorakkara</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004–2005 </td> <td> <ul><li>Eric Burger</li> <li>Justin Haynes</li> <li>John Lee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Litman" title="Ellen Litman">Ellen Litman</a></li> <li>Kirk Lee Davis</li> <li>Cynthia Marie Hoffman</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005–2006 </td> <td> <ul><li>Colleen Abel</li> <li>Gabrielle Daniels</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Dunham" title="Rebecca Dunham">Rebecca Dunham</a></li> <li>Brandi Reissenweber</li> <li>Adam Stumacher</li> <li>Kate Umans</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006–2007 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danielle_Valore_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Danielle Valore Evans">Danielle Evans</a></li> <li>Sean Hill</li> <li>Jennifer Key</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laleh_Khadivi" title="Laleh Khadivi">Laleh Khadivi</a></li> <li>Derek Mong</li> <li>April Wilder</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007–2008 </td> <td> <ul><li>Danielle Deulen</li> <li>Kevin A. Gonzalez</li> <li>Nick Lantz</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shara_Lessley" title="Shara Lessley">Shara Lessley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_O%27Brien_(playwright)" title="Dan O'Brien (playwright)">Dan O'Brien</a></li> <li>Edward Porter</li> <li>Tim Scott</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008–2009 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traci_Brimhall" title="Traci Brimhall">Traci Brimhall</a></li> <li>Andrew Milward</li> <li>Stuart Nadler</li> <li>Michael Weller</li> <li>Jill Osier</li> <li>Amanda Rea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Straub" title="Emma Straub">Emma Straub</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009–2010 </td> <td> <ul><li>Lauren Berry</li> <li>Nate Brown</li> <li>Jason England</li> <li>Len Jenkin</li> <li>Chris Mohar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Murillo" title="John Murillo">John Murillo</a></li> <li>Michael Sheehan</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010–2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Laurel Bastian</li> <li>Sean Bishop</li> <li>Lydia Fitzpatrick</li> <li>Sarah Gubbins</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Hazelton" title="Rebecca Hazelton">Rebecca Hazelton</a></li> <li>Andrew Mortazavi</li> <li>Sterling Schildt</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011–2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Nicole Cullen</li> <li>Laura Eve Engel</li> <li>Pilar Gomez-Ibanez</li> <li>Mehdi Tavana Okasi</li> <li>Jacques J. Rancourt</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Ruskovich" title="Emily Ruskovich">Emily Ruskovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Zimmerman" title="Martin Zimmerman">Martin Zimmerman</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012–2013 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ari_Banias" title="Ari Banias">Ari Banias</a></li> <li>Miriam Cohen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaquira_D%C3%ADaz" title="Jaquira Díaz">Jaquira Diaz</a></li> <li>Sara Gelston</li> <li>Sarah Hulse</li> <li>Alyssa Knickerbocker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Romero" title="Elaine Romero">Elaine Romero</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013–2014 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Damiani" title="Jesse Damiani">Jesse Damiani</a></li> <li>Patricia Grace King</li> <li>Jennifer Luebbers</li> <li>Bonnie Metzgar</li> <li>Matthew Modica</li> <li>D. J. Thielke</li> <li>Timothy Daniel Welch</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014–2015 </td> <td> <ul><li>Brian Booker</li> <li>Ben Hoffman</li> <li>Lauren Russell</li> <li>Walter B. Thompson</li> <li>Meg Wade</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015–2016 </td> <td> <ul><li>Jordan Jacks</li> <li>Josh Kalscheur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karyna_McGlynn" title="Karyna McGlynn">Karyna McGlynn</a></li> <li>Mika Taylor</li> <li>Mark Wagenaar</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016–2017 </td> <td> <ul><li>Derrick Austin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamel_Brinkley" title="Jamel Brinkley">Jamel Brinkley</a></li> <li>Natalie Eilbert</li> <li>Sarah Fuchs</li> <li>Marcela Fuentes</li> <li>Barrett Swanson</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017–2018 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Baez_Bendorf" title="Oliver Baez Bendorf">Oliver Baez Bendorf</a></li> <li>Leila Chatti</li> <li>Tia Clark</li> <li>Marta Evans</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018–2019 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aria_Aber" title="Aria Aber">Aria Aber</a></li> <li>Chekwube O. Danladi</li> <li>Natasha Oladokun</li> <li>Emily Shetler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Tan" title="Lucy Tan">Lucy Tan</a></li> <li>Mary Terrier</li> <li>Kate Wisel</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019–2020 </td> <td> <ul><li>Claire Agnes</li> <li>R. Cassandra Bruner</li> <li>Sean Hammer</li> <li>Clemonce Heard</li> <li>Wes Holtermann</li> <li>Gabriel Louis</li> <li>Natasha Oladokun</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xan_Phillips" title="Xan Phillips">Xandria Phillips</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020–2021 </td> <td> <ul><li>Emma Binder</li> <li>Jari Bradley</li> <li>Sasha Debevec-McKenney</li> <li>Victoria C. Flanagan</li> <li>Sandra Hong</li> <li>Taylor Koekkoek</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Institute_for_Science_Education_and_Community_Engagement">Institute for Science Education and Community Engagement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Institute for Science Education and Community Engagement">edit</a>]</div> The Wisconsin Institute for Science Education and Community Engagement (WISCIENCE) is a unit that facilitates coordination of science outreach efforts across the university and works to improve science education at all levels.<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/220px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/330px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/440px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4838" data-file-height="3771" /></a><figcaption>A view of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Hospital_and_Clinics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics">UW Health University Hospital</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">Health Sciences Learning Center</a> (HSLC), and the Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research rising above <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a>, on the western edge of the UW–Madison campus. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health</a>, housed in the HSLC, accounts for 40% of UW–Madison's research grants.<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a></figcaption></figure> UW–Madison was a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_American_Universities" title="Association of American Universities">Association of American Universities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> In fiscal year 2022, the school received over $1.7 billion in research and development (R&D) funding, placing it sixth in the U.S. among institutions of higher education.<a href="#cite_note-NCSES-16">[16]</a> Its research programs were fourth in the number of patents issued in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> The University of Wisconsin–Madison is one of 33 <a href="/wiki/Sea_grant_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea grant colleges">sea grant colleges</a> in the United States. These colleges are involved in scientific research, education, training, and extension projects geared toward the conservation and practical use of U.S. coasts, the Great Lakes and other marine areas. The university maintains almost 100 research centers and programs, ranging from agriculture to arts, from education to engineering.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> It has been considered a major academic center for <a href="/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell" title="Embryonic stem cell">embryonic stem cell</a> research ever since UW–Madison professor <a href="/wiki/James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)" title="James Thomson (cell biologist)">James Thomson</a> became the first scientist to isolate human embryonic stem cells. This has brought significant attention and respect for the university's research programs from around the world. The university continues to be a leader in <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">stem cell</a> research, helped in part by the funding of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Alumni_Research_Foundation" title="Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation">Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation</a> and promotion of <a href="/wiki/WiCell" title="WiCell">WiCell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> Its center for research on <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal combustion engines">internal combustion engines</a>, called the Engine Research Center, has a five-year collaboration agreement with General Motors.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> It has also been the recipient of multimillion-dollar funding from the federal government.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> The Department of Engineering Physics conducts research to advance the scientific and technical basis for magnetic <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">fusion</a> energy. They have over 20 current graduate students and recruit new students annually. Their research includes non-inductive startup techniques, investigation of ion gyro-scale turbulent instabilities and dynamics, understanding core-edge coupling, and development of diagnostic systems.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> The UW also hosts the <a href="/wiki/Helically_Symmetric_Experiment" title="Helically Symmetric Experiment">Helically Symmetric Experiment</a> (HSX), which is a modular coil <a href="/wiki/Stellarator" title="Stellarator">stellarator</a>.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> In June 2013, it was reported that the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">United States National Institutes of Health</a> would fund an $18.13 million study at the University of Wisconsin. The study will research lethal qualities of viruses such as <a href="/wiki/Ebola" title="Ebola">Ebola</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Nile_virus" title="West Nile virus">West Nile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</a>. The goal of the study is to help find new drugs to fight off the most lethal pathogens.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> In 2012, UW–Madison experiments on cats came under fire from <a href="/wiki/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a> who claimed the animals were abused. In 2013, the <a href="/wiki/NIH" class="mw-redirect" title="NIH">NIH</a> briefly suspended the research's funding pending an agency investigation. The following year the university was fined more than $35,000 for several violations of the <a href="/wiki/Animal_Welfare_Act_of_1966" title="Animal Welfare Act of 1966">Animal Welfare Act</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Maher" title="Bill Maher">Bill Maher</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Cromwell" title="James Cromwell">James Cromwell</a> and others spoke out against the experiments that ended in 2014. The university defended the research and the care the animals received claiming that PETA's objections were merely a "stunt" by the organization.<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Student life">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible"> <caption style="font-size:90%">Student body composition as of September 2024 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race and ethnicity<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White</a> </td> <td align="right">62% </td> <td align="left">62<div style="width:124px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Foreign_national" title="Foreign national">Foreign national</a> </td> <td align="right">10% </td> <td align="left">10<div style="width:20px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orange"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td align="right">10% </td> <td align="left">10<div style="width:20px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a> </td> <td align="right">8% </td> <td align="left">8<div style="width:16px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other<a href="#cite_note-168">[a]</a> </td> <td align="right">7% </td> <td align="left">7<div style="width:14px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> </td> <td align="right">2% </td> <td align="left">2<div style="width:4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/Economic_diversity" title="Economic diversity">Economic diversity</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_lower_class" title="American lower class">Low-income</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[b]</a> </td> <td align="right">15% </td> <td align="left">15<div style="width:30px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluent</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[c]</a> </td> <td align="right">85% </td> <td align="left">85<div style="width:170px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:black"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Residential_life">Residential life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Residential life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg/220px-Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg/330px-Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg/440px-Allen_Centennial_Garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Allen_Centennial_Gardens" title="Allen Centennial Gardens">Allen Centennial Gardens</a></figcaption></figure> The university runs over twenty residence halls, including learning communities and affinity communities. These are spread across two distinct neighborhoods: Lakeshore and Southeast. The largest residence hall has a capacity of 1,250 students, while the smallest is home to 30 residents.<a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a> Nestled against Lake Mendota, the Lakeshore Neighborhood is home to thirteen residence halls and four dining markets. The neighborhood is close to Ebling and Steenbock Libraries and the Engineering campus. The Southeast Neighborhood, near downtown Madison, is home to eight residence halls and two dining markets.<a href="#cite_note-172">[168]</a> The Lakeshore and Southeast neighborhoods are considered to be rivals owing to their contrasting lifestyles. Southeast dorms are considered to be more social, while Lakeshore dorms tend to be more quiet.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> In winter, the two sides meet at Bascom Hill for a snowball fight that draws hundreds of students known as the "Battle for Bascom".<a href="#cite_note-174">[170]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg/220px-Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg/330px-Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg/440px-Barnard_Residence_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Barnard Residence Hall</figcaption></figure> Barnard Residence Hall, the oldest functioning residential building on campus, opened its doors in the fall of 1913 as the second women's dormitory. The building features an Italian Renaissance Revival style and owes its namesake to former Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Henry_Barnard" title="Henry Barnard">Henry Barnard</a>, who, ironically, opposed student housing on campus believing it to be a drain on the institution's income.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> Alongside neighboring Chadbourne Residence Hall, Barnard Hall is part of the Chadbourne Residential College, a building-wide living-learning community.<a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a> Barnard Residence Hall is connected to Rheta's Market, a buffet-style dining hall.<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> On May 22, 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk_Nation_of_Wisconsin" title="Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin">Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin</a> passed a resolution permitting the usage of the name "Dejope", a variation of the original Ho-chunk term, for a new residence hall at the university. Teejop means "Four Lakes" in the Ho-Chunk language, and Native Americans have used this word to describe the Madison area for thousands of years.<a href="#cite_note-178">[174]</a> The building and its grounds contain imagery of the mounds and lakes in the area and include a fire circle that overlooks Lake Mendota. Dejope Hall pays tribute to its name with the Four Lakes Market, which features an authentic canoe.<a href="#cite_note-179">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Student_publications">Student publications</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Student publications">edit</a>]</div> UW–Madison is the only university in the country with two daily student newspapers:<a href="#cite_note-180">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[179]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal</a>, founded in 1892 and <a href="/wiki/The_Badger_Herald" title="The Badger Herald">The Badger Herald</a>, founded in 1969. <a href="/wiki/The_Onion" title="The Onion">The Onion</a> was founded in 1988 by two UW–Madison juniors, and was published in Madison before moving to New York City in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-184">[180]</a> It is also the home of The Madison Misnomer, an undergraduate comedy newspaper, founded in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> UW–Madison is also home to one of only two nationally distributed undergraduate international studies journals in the country.<a href="#cite_note-186">[182]</a> The Journal of Undergraduate International Studies (JUIS) is a competitive publication that features peer-reviewed academic articles. It was founded in 2003 by David Coddon with the support of the University of Wisconsin–Madison Leadership Trust. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Campus_radio">Campus radio</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Campus radio">edit</a>]</div> The University of Wisconsin–Madison campus radio station is <a href="/wiki/WSUM" title="WSUM">WSUM</a> 91.7 FM, "The Snake on the Lake".<a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> Historically, UW–Madison has been home to a collection of student run radio stations, a number of which stopped broadcasting after run-ins with the United States <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> (FCC). The current radio station, WSUM, began in 1997 in a <a href="/wiki/Webcast" title="Webcast">webcast</a> only format because of the prolonged battle to get an FCC license and construct a tower. This lasted five years until February 22, 2002, when the station started broadcasting over <a href="/wiki/Frequency_modulation" title="Frequency modulation">FM</a> airwaves at 91.7 from its tower in <a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Wisconsin" title="Montrose, Wisconsin">Montrose, Wisconsin</a>. The radio station currently has around 200 volunteer DJs and eight paid managers. All UW–Madison students, as well as a limited number of community members, are eligible to participate in running the station. WSUM remains entirely free format, which means that the on-air personnel can showcase a large variety of music and talk programming at their discretion with few limitations. WSUM has garnered many awards from the Wisconsin Broadcasters Association for their news, play-by-play broadcasts of Badger athletic events, and unique <a href="/wiki/Public_service_announcements" class="mw-redirect" title="Public service announcements">public service announcements</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizations">Organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Organizations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Gym.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Red_Gym.jpg/220px-Red_Gym.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Red_Gym.jpg/330px-Red_Gym.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Red_Gym.jpg/440px-Red_Gym.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Armory_and_Gymnasium" title="University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium">University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium</a>, also known as "the Red Gym", houses various student centers.</figcaption></figure> Over 800 student organizations or clubs are registered with the Center for Leadership and Involvement (CFLI) at UW–Madison each year.<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> Student organizations at the school include chapters of the fraternities <a href="/wiki/Acacia_(fraternity)" title="Acacia (fraternity)">Acacia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Omega" title="Alpha Chi Omega">Alpha Chi Omega</a>,<a href="#cite_note-191">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Delta Phi">Alpha Delta Phi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Rho" title="Alpha Gamma Rho">Alpha Gamma Rho</a>,<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a> <a href="/wiki/Delta_Chi" title="Delta Chi">Delta Chi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a> Chi Psi, Pi Lambda Phi,<a href="#cite_note-195">[191]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha" title="Sigma Alpha">Sigma Alpha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Sigma" title="Alpha Chi Sigma">Alpha Chi Sigma</a> was founded at the university in 1902. Religious student organizations include affiliates of the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> organizations <a href="/wiki/Athletes_in_Action" title="Athletes in Action">Athletes in Action</a>,<a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chi_Alpha_Campus_Ministries" class="mw-redirect" title="Chi Alpha Campus Ministries">Chi Alpha Campus Ministries</a>,<a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Legal_Society" title="Christian Legal Society">Christian Legal Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/University_Presbyterian_Church_and_Student_Center" title="University Presbyterian Church and Student Center">Pres House</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> is a progressive student organization loosely associated with the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">PCUSA</a> that welcomes students of all backgrounds to its worship and various other gatherings. Wisconsin Lutheran Chapel is a Christian chapel and campus ministry that serves students of UW–Madison.<a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> UW is also home to student vehicles teams such as Formula SAE combustion and electric, Baja SAE, SAE Clean Snow, ASME Human Powered Vehicle, Wisconsin Autonomous, Concrete Canoe and formerly the <a href="/wiki/UW_Hybrid_Vehicle_Team" title="UW Hybrid Vehicle Team">UW Hybrid Vehicle Team</a> and <a href="/wiki/Badgerloop" class="mw-redirect" title="Badgerloop">Badgerloop</a>.<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> There are 8 A cappella groups on the UW–Madison campus. Of them, two are mixed-voice, two are lower voice, two are upper voice, and two are themed mixed-voice. The groups are the MadHatters, Redefined A Cappella, Fundamentally Sound, Pitches and Notes, Tangled up in Blue, Under A-Rest, Jewop, and Wisconsin Waale. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Athletics">Athletics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Athletics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Wisconsin Badgers</a></div> The University of Wisconsin–Madison sports teams participate in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Division_I-A" class="mw-redirect" title="Division I-A">Division I-A</a>. With the exception of lightweight <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_Crew" title="Wisconsin Badgers Crew">Wisconsin Badgers Crew</a>, the university's athletic programs compete in the <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten Conference</a>. The women's <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a> program competes in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association">Western Collegiate Hockey Association</a> (WCHA), while the men's and women's crew programs compete in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Association_of_Rowing_Colleges" title="Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges">Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Association_of_Women%27s_Rowing_Colleges" title="Eastern Association of Women's Rowing Colleges">Eastern Association of Women's Rowing Colleges</a>, respectively. The school's <a href="/wiki/Fight_song" title="Fight song">fight song</a> is "<a href="/wiki/On,_Wisconsin!" title="On, Wisconsin!">On, Wisconsin!</a>". The school's mascot is Buckingham U. Badger, commonly referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Bucky_Badger" title="Bucky Badger">Bucky Badger</a>". The athletic director is Chris McIntosh. 2005–2006 marked the first time in school history that four Badger teams won national championships in the same academic year.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> In the fall, the men's cross country team won its fourth national championship. The winter season was highlighted by the men's and women's ice hockey teams both winning national titles. The year was capped off in the spring with the women's lightweight crew taking its third straight <a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Rowing_Association" title="Intercollegiate Rowing Association">Intercollegiate Rowing Association</a> national crown. In 2008, both men's and women's crew teams claimed national titles.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Football">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_football" title="Wisconsin Badgers football">Wisconsin Badgers football</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg/220px-Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg/330px-Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg/440px-Camp_Randall_Aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> The Badgers play <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a>. The head coach is <a href="/wiki/Luke_Fickell" title="Luke Fickell">Luke Fickell</a>. Before the fourth quarter of every game at Camp Randall, the crowd jumps around to <a href="/wiki/House_of_Pain" title="House of Pain">House of Pain</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/Jump_Around" title="Jump Around">Jump Around</a>". After every game, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Marching_Band" title="University of Wisconsin Marching Band">University of Wisconsin Marching Band</a> plays popular songs during the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Marching_Band#Traditions" title="University of Wisconsin Marching Band">Fifth Quarter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> The Badgers won three <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_Game" title="Rose Bowl Game">Rose Bowl</a> Championships under <a href="/wiki/Barry_Alvarez" title="Barry Alvarez">Barry Alvarez</a> in 1994, 1999, and 2000. In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Bret_Bielema" title="Bret Bielema">Bret Bielema</a> led the Badgers to a school record (at that time) 11-win regular season and to 12 overall wins, defeating <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">Arkansas</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Capital_One_Bowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital One Bowl">Capital One Bowl</a>. Coach <a href="/wiki/Paul_Chryst" title="Paul Chryst">Paul Chryst</a> would later break that record as he led the Badgers to 12 regular season wins in the 2017–2018 campaign, as well as a 34–24 victory over Miami in the Orange Bowl, for a season total of 13 wins. Chryst also won a Cotton Bowl the year before the Orange Bowl win.<a href="#cite_note-208">[204]</a> The Badgers lost to <a href="/wiki/Texas_Christian_University" title="Texas Christian University">TCU</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Rose_Bowl" title="2011 Rose Bowl">2011 Rose Bowl</a> Championship on January 1, 2011. In the 2011 season, the Badgers defended the B1G championship title to go to the <a href="/wiki/2012_Rose_Bowl" title="2012 Rose Bowl">2012 Rose Bowl</a> Championship. The Badgers lost to Oregon 45–38 in the highest-scoring Rose Bowl of all time.<a href="#cite_note-209">[205]</a> The Badgers made it to the <a href="/wiki/2013_Rose_Bowl" title="2013 Rose Bowl">2013 Rose Bowl</a> for their third consecutive Rose Bowl appearance. Bret Bielema took the Arkansas football head coaching position before the game and Barry Alvarez took over as a one-game interim coach.<a href="#cite_note-Barry_Alvarez_will_coach_Wisconsin_in_the_Rose_Bowl-210">[206]</a> The Badgers lost to Stanford 14–20 for Barry Alvarez's first Rose Bowl loss, he had previously won it three times.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Men's_basketball">Men's basketball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Men's basketball">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_basketball" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball">Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kohl_Center_inside.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Kohl_Center_inside.jpg/220px-Kohl_Center_inside.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Kohl_Center_inside.jpg/330px-Kohl_Center_inside.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Kohl_Center_inside.jpg/440px-Kohl_Center_inside.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Men's basketball game as seen from the student section at the <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a></figcaption></figure> The Badgers have made 19 consecutive appearances (1999–2017) in the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Men%27s_Division_I_Basketball_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship">NCAA Tournament</a>, having played in the National Championship game in 2015, making <a href="/wiki/Final_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Final Four">Final Four</a> visits in 2000 and 2014, an <a href="/wiki/Elite_Eight" title="Elite Eight">Elite Eight</a> appearance in 2005, and <a href="/wiki/Sweet_Sixteen_(basketball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweet Sixteen (basketball)">Sweet Sixteen</a> appearances in 2003, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2016, and 2017.<a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bo_Ryan" title="Bo Ryan">Bo Ryan</a> was the head coach from 2001 to 2015. <a href="/wiki/Greg_Gard" title="Greg Gard">Greg Gard</a> is the current head coach. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Badgers</a> play at the <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a>, where the student fans are known as <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center#cite_ref-6" title="Kohl Center">AreaRED</a>. In the 2006–2007 season, the Badgers attained their highest AP ranking in school history (#1 Feb 19–25), garnering 35 first-place votes.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a> The Badgers earned their only NCAA National Championship in 1941. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_basketball">Women's basketball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Women's basketball">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_basketball" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's basketball">Wisconsin Badgers women's basketball</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_ice_hockey">Women's ice hockey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Women's ice hockey">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey">Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Ice hockey">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey">Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg/220px-Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg/330px-Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg/440px-Kohl_Center_hockey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Men's <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a> game played at the <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a></figcaption></figure> Badger ice hockey first became a men's varsity sport in 1922. Although dropped after the 1934–35 season, it again became a varsity sport in the 1963–64 season. The men's team played in the <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Dane County Coliseum">Dane County Coliseum</a> until moving to the <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a> (capacity 15,359) in the fall of 1998. The first ice hockey game played at the Kohl was the Hall of Fame game against the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">University of Notre Dame</a>. From 1999 to 2012 the men's team led the nation in college hockey attendance, setting an NCAA attendance record (averaging 15,048) during the 2009–10 season, which surpassed their previous record set in 2006–07.<a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Johnson_(ice_hockey_b._1931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Johnson (ice hockey b. 1931)">Bob Johnson</a>, nicknamed "Badger Bob" by fans, took over the reins in 1966. Johnson coached the Badger men to three national championships in 1973, 1977 and 1981. <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sauer" title="Jeff Sauer">Jeff Sauer</a> coached the Badger men to two more titles in 1983 and 1990. <a href="/wiki/Mike_Eaves" title="Mike Eaves">Mike Eaves</a>, member of the 1977 NCAA title team, coached the Badger men's team to its sixth national championship in 2006. The six Badger titles rank fourth in NCAA men's ice hockey history.<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a> Eaves' 2010 squad advanced to the national championship game during the Badgers' 11th appearance in the men's <a href="/wiki/Frozen_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Frozen Four">Frozen Four</a> before bowing to <a href="/wiki/Boston_College" title="Boston College">Boston College</a>. The school's strong ice hockey tradition gained another dimension with the addition of a women's team that began play in the 1999–2000 season. Coached by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Johnson_(hockey_player)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Johnson (hockey player)">Mark Johnson</a>, son of "Badger Bob" and another member of the men's 1977 title team, the Badger women won their first NCAA championship on March 26, 2006. The dual 2006 titles marked the first time that both the men's and women's Division I NCAA hockey titles were won by the same school in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> The women's team repeated as national champions in 2007 with a victory over the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota-Duluth" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Minnesota-Duluth">University of Minnesota-Duluth</a> and in 2009 with a victory over <a href="/wiki/Mercyhurst" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercyhurst">Mercyhurst</a>. The team set the NCAA women's hockey attendance record on February 15, 2014, in a game against Minnesota.<a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalries">Rivalries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Rivalries">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg/220px-Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg/330px-Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg/440px-Badgers_carrying_Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>Badgers celebrate their win by carrying <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Bunyan's Axe">Paul Bunyan's Axe</a> after the 2009 Minnesota–Wisconsin football game.</figcaption></figure> The Wisconsin Badgers' most notable rivalry within the Big Ten is with the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Golden_Gophers" title="Minnesota Golden Gophers">Minnesota Golden Gophers</a>, which is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_NCAA_college_football_rivalry_games" title="List of NCAA college football rivalry games">most-played rivalry</a> in Division I-A football.<a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a> In their annual <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> game, the teams compete for <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bunyan%27s_Axe" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Bunyan's Axe">Paul Bunyan's Axe</a>. The two universities also compete in the Border Battle, a year-long athletic competition in which each team's wins earn points for their university. Wisconsin's other prominent rivalries in football are with the <a href="/wiki/Iowa%E2%80%93Wisconsin_football_rivalry" title="Iowa–Wisconsin football rivalry">Iowa Hawkeyes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nebraska%E2%80%93Wisconsin_football_rivalry" title="Nebraska–Wisconsin football rivalry">Nebraska Cornhuskers</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Marquette%E2%80%93Wisconsin_men%27s_basketball_rivalry" title="Marquette–Wisconsin men's basketball rivalry">I-94 rivalry</a> between Wisconsin men's basketball and the in-state <a href="/wiki/Marquette_Golden_Eagles_men%27s_basketball" title="Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball">Marquette Golden Eagles</a> has been played annually since 1958. Other basketball rivalries include the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_Spartans_men%27s_basketball" title="Michigan State Spartans men's basketball">Michigan State Spartans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini_men%27s_basketball" title="Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball">Illinois Fighting Illini</a> within the Big Ten. The Wisconsin men's and women's hockey teams' most recognized rivals are <a href="/wiki/Minnesota%E2%80%93Wisconsin_ice_hockey_rivalry" title="Minnesota–Wisconsin ice hockey rivalry">Minnesota</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Fighting_Hawks" title="North Dakota Fighting Hawks">North Dakota Fighting Hawks</a>. Other rivals include the <a href="/wiki/Denver_Pioneers" title="Denver Pioneers">Denver Pioneers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado_College_Tigers" title="Colorado College Tigers">Colorado College Tigers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Tech_Huskies" title="Michigan Tech Huskies">Michigan Tech Huskies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Duluth_Bulldogs" title="Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs">Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._Cloud_State_Huskies" title="St. Cloud State Huskies">St. Cloud State Huskies</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mascot">Mascot</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Mascot">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bucky_Badger" title="Bucky Badger">Bucky Badger</a></div> The school mascot is an <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">anthropomorphized</a> <a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">badger</a> named <a href="/wiki/Bucky_Badger" title="Bucky Badger">Bucky</a> who dons a sweater affixed with the UW–Madison athletic logo (currently the red "Motion W"). Beginning in 1890, the university's first Bucky Badger was a live, temperamental and unruly <a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">badger</a> who was quickly retired. Although the nickname of the Wisconsin teams remained the "Badgers", it was not until Art Evans drew the early caricature version of Bucky in 1940 that today's recognizable image of Bucky was adopted. In 1949, a contest was held to name the mascot, but no consensus was reached after only a few entries were received. In reaction, the contest committee chose the name Buckingham U. Badger, or "Bucky", for short. At Wisconsin football games in the 1920s live mascots were used to inspire fans. The animals used included a black bear, a bonnet monkey, and live badgers. 1949 was the first year a student sporting a papier-mâché badger head appeared; this subsequently replaced the use of live badgers.<a href="#cite_note-221">[217]</a> The team's nickname originates from the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state nicknames">state nickname</a>. In the 1820s, many lead miners and their families lived in the mines in which they worked until adequate above-ground shelters were built, and thus were compared to badgers.<a href="#cite_note-222">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[219]</a> In 2009, Fulton Market Films produced the documentary Being Bucky which followed the lives of seven Wisconsin students who take on the role of Bucky Badger.<a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a> Being Bucky won "Best Documentary Film" at the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Film_Festival" title="Wisconsin Film Festival">Wisconsin Film Festival</a> and went on to play in local Wisconsin movie theaters.<a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_people" title="List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people">List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alumni">Alumni</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Alumni">edit</a>]</div> Over its history, UW–Madison alumni, faculty, or former faculty have distinguished themselves in a wide variety of fields, and have been awarded 20 Nobel Prizes and 41 Pulitzer Prizes.<a href="#cite_note-:1-226">[222]</a> UW–Madison graduates have been recipients of 32 <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarships</a>,<a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a> 22 <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Scholarship" title="Marshall Scholarship">Marshall Scholarships</a>,<a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a> 25 <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Scholarship" title="Harry S. Truman Scholarship">Truman Scholarships</a>,<a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a> 6 <a href="/wiki/Churchill_Scholarship" title="Churchill Scholarship">Churchill Scholarships</a>,<a href="#cite_note-230">[226]</a> and 1 <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Scholarship" title="Mitchell Scholarship">Mitchell Scholarship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a> The university has produced 828 <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Program" title="Fulbright Program">Fulbright Scholars</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a> and 20 <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows_Program" title="MacArthur Fellows Program">MacArthur Fellows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-233">[229]</a> UW–Madison alumni have occupied several prominent offices in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="United States government">United States government</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a>); <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiley_Rutledge" title="Wiley Rutledge">Wiley Rutledge</a>, BA); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Eagleburger" title="Lawrence Eagleburger">Lawrence Eagleburger</a>, BA, MA); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">United States Secretary of Health and Human Services</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wilbur_J._Cohen" title="Wilbur J. Cohen">Wilbur J. Cohen</a>, BA, and <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">Tommy Thompson</a>, BA, JD); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">United States Secretary of the Interior</a> (<a href="/wiki/Julius_Albert_Krug" title="Julius Albert Krug">Julius Albert Krug</a>, BA, and <a href="/wiki/William_Freeman_Vilas" class="mw-redirect" title="William Freeman Vilas">William Freeman Vilas</a>, BA); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">United States Secretary of Agriculture</a> (<a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Clayton Yeutter</a>); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">United States Postmaster General</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_A._Gronouski" title="John A. Gronouski">John A. Gronouski</a>, BA, MA, PhD, and William Freeman Vilas, BA); numerous federal judges, governors, and members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> (including <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">7</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Representatives">United States Representatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">1</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> currently serving). Some 843 UW–Madison alumni serve as CEOs, and nearly 16,000 hold an executive management position.<a href="#cite_note-:1-226">[222]</a> Additionally, as of November 2018, the current CEOs of 14 Fortune 500 companies have attended UW–Madison, the most of any university in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> Notable CEOs who have attended UW–Madison include <a href="/wiki/John_Rowe_(Exelon)" title="John Rowe (Exelon)">John Rowe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a>), <a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Falk" title="Thomas J. Falk">Thomas J. Falk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kimberly-Clark" title="Kimberly-Clark">Kimberly-Clark</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carol_Bartz" title="Carol Bartz">Carol Bartz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a>), <a href="/wiki/David_J._Lesar" title="David J. Lesar">David J. Lesar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Halliburton" title="Halliburton">Halliburton</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Kahl" title="Kelly Kahl">Kelly Kahl</a> (<a href="/wiki/CBS_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Entertainment">CBS Entertainment</a>), <a href="/wiki/Keith_Nosbusch" title="Keith Nosbusch">Keith Nosbusch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rockwell_Automation" title="Rockwell Automation">Rockwell Automation</a>), <a href="/wiki/Lee_Raymond" title="Lee Raymond">Lee Raymond</a> (<a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">Exxon Mobil</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kingsbury" title="Tom Kingsbury">Tom Kingsbury</a> (<a href="/wiki/Burlington_(department_store)" title="Burlington (department store)">Burlington Stores</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Judith_Faulkner" title="Judith Faulkner">Judith Faulkner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Epic_Systems" title="Epic Systems">Epic Systems</a>). Foreign alumni include the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President of Bangladesh</a> 2002–2009 (<a href="/wiki/Iajuddin_Ahmed" title="Iajuddin Ahmed">Iajuddin Ahmed</a>, MS, PhD); the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iraq" title="Prime Minister of Iraq">Prime Minister of Iraq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sa%27dun_Hammadi" title="Sa'dun Hammadi">Sa'dun Hammadi</a>, PhD); the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bhutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Bhutan">Prime Minister of Bhutan</a> 2004–2005 (<a href="/wiki/Yeshey_Zimba" title="Yeshey Zimba">Yeshey Zimba</a>, MA); the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Prime Minister of Singapore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Singapore)" title="Ministry of Finance (Singapore)">Minister of Finance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a>, BS); the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Finance_and_Public_Credit" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Finance and Public Credit">Secretary of Finance and Public Credit</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> 1975–1976 (<a href="/wiki/Mario_Ram%C3%B3n_Beteta" title="Mario Ramón Beteta">Mario Ramón Beteta</a>) and 2018–2019 (<a href="/wiki/Carlos_Manuel_Urz%C3%BAa_Mac%C3%ADas" title="Carlos Manuel Urzúa Macías">Carlos Manuel Urzúa Macías</a>, PhD); the <a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Federal_Constitutional_Court#Presidents_of_the_Federal_Constitutional_Court" title="List of justices of the Federal Constitutional Court">President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany</a> 1971–1983 (<a href="/wiki/Ernst_Benda" title="Ernst Benda">Ernst Benda</a>); the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Somalia)" title="Ministry of Finance (Somalia)">Minister of Finance</a> of <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> 2017–2022 (<a href="/wiki/Abdirahman_Duale_Beyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdirahman Duale Beyle">Abdirahman Duale Beyle</a>, PhD); the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile">Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile</a> 2006–2009 (<a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Foxley" title="Alejandro Foxley">Alejandro Foxley</a>, PhD); the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs of Tunisia">Minister of Foreign Affairs of Tunisia</a> 2010–2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kamel_Morjane" title="Kamel Morjane">Kamel Morjane</a>); the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Education (Taiwan)">Minister of Education</a> of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> 2013–2014 (<a href="/wiki/Huang_Pi-twan" title="Huang Pi-twan">Huang Pi-twan</a>, PhD). UW–Madison alumni have made significant contributions to the field of <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Edison_medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Edison medal">Edison Medal</a> recipient <a href="/wiki/Howard_H._Aiken" title="Howard H. Aiken">Howard H. Aiken</a>, who envisioned the conceptual design behind <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Mark_I" title="Harvard Mark I">Harvard Mark I</a>,<a href="#cite_note-235">[231]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a> Laureate <a href="/wiki/Pat_Hanrahan" title="Pat Hanrahan">Pat Hanrahan</a> (BS, PhD).<a href="#cite_note-236">[232]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gene_Amdahl" title="Gene Amdahl">Gene Amdahl</a> (MS, PhD) formulated <a href="/wiki/Amdahl%27s_law" title="Amdahl's law">Amdahl's law</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Willi_A._Kalender" title="Willi A. Kalender">Willi A. Kalender</a> (MS, PhD) invented <a href="/wiki/Helical_cone_beam_computed_tomography" class="mw-redirect" title="Helical cone beam computed tomography">spiral scan computed tomography</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Macintosh_II" title="Macintosh II">Macintosh II</a> computer was co-invented in 1987 by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dhuey" title="Michael Dhuey">Michael Dhuey</a>, who also designed the power supply for the original <a href="/wiki/IPod" title="IPod">iPod</a> in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-237">[233]</a> Alumni have won a total of 10 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>. There have been three winners of the <a href="/wiki/Oscar_for_Best_Picture" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscar for Best Picture">Oscar for Best Picture</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Rocklin" title="Nicole Rocklin">Nichole Rocklin</a> for her work on <a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(film)" title="Spotlight (film)">Spotlight</a> (2016), <a href="/wiki/Tom_Rosenberg" title="Tom Rosenberg">Tom Rosenberg</a> (BA) for his work on <a href="/wiki/Million_Dollar_Baby" title="Million Dollar Baby">Million Dollar Baby</a> (2004), and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (BA) for his work on <a href="/wiki/In_the_Heat_of_the_Night_(film)" title="In the Heat of the Night (film)">In the Heat of the Night</a> (1967). Pat Hanrahan (BS, PhD) has won three Oscars for his work in <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Technical_Achievement" title="Academy Award for Technical Achievement">technical achievement</a> (2014, 2004, 1993). <a href="/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris">Errol Morris</a> (BA) won the <a href="/wiki/Best_documentary_oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Best documentary oscar">Best Documentary Oscar</a> for <a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert McNamara</a> (2004). <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Brickman" title="Marshall Brickman">Marshall Brickman</a> won the <a href="/wiki/Best_screenplay_Oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Best screenplay Oscar">Best Screenplay Oscar</a> for his work on <a href="/wiki/Annie_Hall" title="Annie Hall">Annie Hall</a> (1978). <a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Frederic March</a> won two <a href="/wiki/Best_Actor_Oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Best Actor Oscar">Best Actor Oscars</a> for <a href="/wiki/The_Best_Years_of_Our_Lives" title="The Best Years of Our Lives">The Best Years of Our Lives</a> (1946) and <a href="/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1931_film)" title="Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1931 film)">Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde</a> (1932).<a href="#cite_note-238">[234]</a> As of 2017<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit">[update]</a>, UW–Madison had more than 427,000 living alumni. Although a large number of alumni live in Wisconsin, a significant number live in Illinois, Minnesota, New York, California, and Washington, D.C.<a href="#cite_note-alumni-239">[235]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Notable University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni include:</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Muir_Cane.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="John Muir - naturalist, founder of the Sierra Club, instrumental in preserving Yosemite National Park"><img alt="John Muir - naturalist, founder of the Sierra Club, instrumental in preserving Yosemite National Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Muir_Cane.JPG/86px-John_Muir_Cane.JPG" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Muir_Cane.JPG/129px-John_Muir_Cane.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Muir_Cane.JPG/172px-John_Muir_Cane.JPG 2x" data-file-width="866" data-file-height="1210" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/John_Muir" title="John Muir">John Muir</a> - naturalist, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a>, instrumental in preserving <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frank Lloyd Wright - architect known for designing the Guggenheim Museum and Fallingwater among other works"><img alt="Frank Lloyd Wright - architect known for designing the Guggenheim Museum and Fallingwater among other works" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg/73px-Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg/109px-Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg/146px-Frank_Lloyd_Wright_LC-USZ62-36384.jpg 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="1500" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a> - architect known for designing the <a href="/wiki/Solomon_R._Guggenheim_Museum" title="Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum">Guggenheim Museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fallingwater" title="Fallingwater">Fallingwater</a> among other works</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elmer McCollum - biochemist, discoverer of vitamins A, B, and D"><img alt="Elmer McCollum - biochemist, discoverer of vitamins A, B, and D" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg/90px-EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg/135px-EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg/180px-EVMcCollum-crop-UW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="352" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_McCollum" title="Elmer McCollum">Elmer McCollum</a> - biochemist, discoverer of vitamins <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B">B</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">D</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Lindbergh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles Lindbergh - aviator and military officer, remembered for the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean"><img alt="Charles Lindbergh - aviator and military officer, remembered for the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lindbergh.jpg/82px-Lindbergh.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lindbergh.jpg/123px-Lindbergh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lindbergh.jpg/164px-Lindbergh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="285" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> - aviator and military officer, remembered for the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Bardeen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Bardeen - physicist, only two-time recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 and 1972"><img alt="John Bardeen - physicist, only two-time recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 and 1972" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bardeen.jpg/85px-Bardeen.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bardeen.jpg/127px-Bardeen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bardeen.jpg/170px-Bardeen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a> - physicist, only two-time recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> in 1956 and 1972</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William C. Campbell - biologist and parasitologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015"><img alt="William C. Campbell - biologist and parasitologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/120px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/180px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/240px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2335" data-file-height="2335" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell_(scientist)" title="William C. Campbell (scientist)">William C. Campbell</a> - <a href="/wiki/Biologist" title="Biologist">biologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parasitologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasitologist">parasitologist</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> in 2015</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Laurel_Clark,_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Laurel Clark - medical doctor and NASA astronaut, flew aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia"><img alt="Laurel Clark - medical doctor and NASA astronaut, flew aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg/88px-Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg/132px-Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg/176px-Laurel_Clark%2C_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2205" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Clark" title="Laurel Clark">Laurel Clark</a> - medical doctor and <a href="/wiki/NASA_astronaut" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA astronaut">NASA astronaut</a>, flew aboard the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">Space Shuttle Columbia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Lovell.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jim Lovell - NASA astronaut, one of the first humans to fly to and orbit the Moon, commanded Apollo 13"><img alt="Jim Lovell - NASA astronaut, one of the first humans to fly to and orbit the Moon, commanded Apollo 13" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/James_Lovell.jpg/96px-James_Lovell.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/James_Lovell.jpg/144px-James_Lovell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/James_Lovell.jpg/192px-James_Lovell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6548" data-file-height="8185" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> - <a href="/wiki/NASA_astronaut" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA astronaut">NASA astronaut</a>, one of the first humans to fly to and orbit the Moon, commanded <a href="/wiki/Apollo_13" title="Apollo 13">Apollo 13</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:LaFOLLETTE,_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert M. La Follette - politician and lawyer, Progressive Era leader, former Congressman, Senator, 20th Governor of Wisconsin and Presidential candidate"><img alt="Robert M. La Follette - politician and lawyer, Progressive Era leader, former Congressman, Senator, 20th Governor of Wisconsin and Presidential candidate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg/96px-LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg/145px-LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg/193px-LaFOLLETTE%2C_ROBERT._SENATOR_LOC_hec.14955_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7477" data-file-height="9300" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette" title="Robert M. La Follette">Robert M. La Follette</a> - politician and lawyer, <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a> leader, former Congressman, Senator, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Wisconsin">20th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wisconsin" title="Governor of Wisconsin">Governor of Wisconsin</a> and Presidential candidate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:GaylordNelson.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gaylord Nelson - environmentalist and politician, founder of Earth Day, 35th Governor of and later United States Senator from Wisconsin"><img alt="Gaylord Nelson - environmentalist and politician, founder of Earth Day, 35th Governor of and later United States Senator from Wisconsin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/GaylordNelson.jpg/98px-GaylordNelson.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/GaylordNelson.jpg/147px-GaylordNelson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/GaylordNelson.jpg/196px-GaylordNelson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1309" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Nelson" title="Gaylord Nelson">Gaylord Nelson</a> - environmentalist and politician, founder of <a href="/wiki/Earth_Day" title="Earth Day">Earth Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Wisconsin">35th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wisconsin" title="Governor of Wisconsin">Governor</a> of and later <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Wisconsin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dick Cheney - politician and businessman, 46th Vice President of the United States"><img alt="Dick Cheney - politician and businessman, 46th Vice President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg/81px-Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg/122px-Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg/163px-Richard_Cheney_2005_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2041" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> - politician and businessman, <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">46th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Herbert_Kohl,_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Herb Kohl - businessman and politician, United States Senator from Wisconsin, former owner of the Milwaukee Bucks"><img alt="Herb Kohl - businessman and politician, United States Senator from Wisconsin, former owner of the Milwaukee Bucks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg/96px-Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg/143px-Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg/191px-Herbert_Kohl%2C_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="686" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Herb_Kohl" title="Herb Kohl">Herb Kohl</a> - businessman and politician, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Wisconsin, former owner of the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Bucks" title="Milwaukee Bucks">Milwaukee Bucks</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Tammy_Baldwin,_official_portrait,_113th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tammy Baldwin - politician and lawyer, United States Senator from Wisconsin, first openly LGBT person elected to the United States Senate"><img alt="Tammy Baldwin - politician and lawyer, United States Senator from Wisconsin, first openly LGBT person elected to the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/95px-Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/142px-Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/189px-Tammy_Baldwin%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3040" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Tammy Baldwin</a> - politician and lawyer, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Wisconsin, first openly LGBT person elected to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Linda Thomas-Greenfield - diplomat, United States ambassador to the United Nations"><img alt="Linda Thomas-Greenfield - diplomat, United States ambassador to the United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg/96px-Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg/144px-Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg/192px-Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4190" data-file-height="5237" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Thomas-Greenfield" title="Linda Thomas-Greenfield">Linda Thomas-Greenfield</a> - diplomat, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States ambassador to the United Nations</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chuck_Robb_(2019).jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chuck Robb - former governor and United States Senator from Virginia, co-chair of the 2004 Iraq Intelligence Commission"><img alt="Chuck Robb - former governor and United States Senator from Virginia, co-chair of the 2004 Iraq Intelligence Commission" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg/79px-Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg/118px-Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg/157px-Chuck_Robb_%282019%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="591" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Robb" title="Chuck Robb">Chuck Robb</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">governor</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, co-chair of the 2004 <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Intelligence_Commission" title="Iraq Intelligence Commission">Iraq Intelligence Commission</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Joyce Carol Oates - National Book Award-winning author of plays, poetry, short stories, and nonfiction"><img alt="Joyce Carol Oates - National Book Award-winning author of plays, poetry, short stories, and nonfiction" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG/90px-Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG/135px-Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG/180px-Joyce_carol_oates_8333.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates" title="Joyce Carol Oates">Joyce Carol Oates</a> - National Book Award-winning author of plays, poetry, short stories, and nonfiction</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Manu_Raju,_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison,_Wis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Manu Raju - television journalist, Senior Congressional Correspondent for CNN"><img alt="Manu Raju - television journalist, Senior Congressional Correspondent for CNN" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg/88px-Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg/132px-Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg/175px-Manu_Raju%2C_reporting_in_2016_on_House_Speaker_Paul_Ryan_from_Madison%2C_Wis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1392" data-file-height="1903" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Manu_Raju" title="Manu Raju">Manu Raju</a> - television journalist, Senior <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congressional</a> Correspondent for <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Greta Van Susteren - commentator, lawyer, and television news anchor for CNN, Fox News, and NBC News"><img alt="Greta Van Susteren - commentator, lawyer, and television news anchor for CNN, Fox News, and NBC News" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/90px-Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/135px-Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/179px-Greta_Van_Susteren_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2119" data-file-height="2832" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Van_Susteren" title="Greta Van Susteren">Greta Van Susteren</a> - commentator, lawyer, and television news anchor for <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>, and <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joan Cusack - actor, Academy Award and Golden Globe nominee"><img alt="Joan Cusack - actor, Academy Award and Golden Globe nominee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg/104px-Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg/157px-Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg/209px-Joan_Cusack_June_2010_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1652" data-file-height="1899" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Cusack" title="Joan Cusack">Joan Cusack</a> - actor, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> and <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe">Golden Globe</a> nominee</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeffrey Sprecher - chairman of the New York Stock Exchange, founder and CEO of Intercontinental Exchange"><img alt="Jeffrey Sprecher - chairman of the New York Stock Exchange, founder and CEO of Intercontinental Exchange" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg/93px-Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg/139px-Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg/186px-Jeffrey_Sprecher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="982" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Sprecher" title="Jeffrey Sprecher">Jeffrey Sprecher</a> - chairman of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a>, founder and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Exchange" title="Intercontinental Exchange">Intercontinental Exchange</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Virgil Abloh - fashion designer and founder of Off-White"><img alt="Virgil Abloh - fashion designer and founder of Off-White" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg/80px-Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg/120px-Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg/160px-Virgil_Abloh_Paris_Fashion_Week_Autumn_Winter_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2667" data-file-height="4000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Abloh" title="Virgil Abloh">Virgil Abloh</a> - <a href="/wiki/Fashion_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion designer">fashion designer</a> and founder of <a href="/wiki/Off-White" class="mw-redirect" title="Off-White">Off-White</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculty_and_staff">Faculty and staff</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Faculty and staff">edit</a>]</div> Current UW–Madison faculty and researchers include 68 <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> Fellows, 112 <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellows</a>, 5 <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur Fellows</a>, 6 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Education" title="National Academy of Education">National Academy of Education</a>, 20 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a>, 5 members of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>, 2 recipients of the <a href="/wiki/American_Psychological_Foundation" title="American Psychological Foundation">American Psychological Foundation</a> Gold Medal, 13 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Medicine" title="National Academy of Medicine">National Academy of Medicine</a>, 2 <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Public_Administration_(United_States)" title="National Academy of Public Administration (United States)">National Academy of Public Administration</a> Fellows, 39 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, 11 <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship">National Endowment for the Humanities Fellows</a>, 4 <a href="/wiki/National_Humanities_Center_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="National Humanities Center Fellowship">National Humanities Center Fellows</a>, and 1 <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodrow Wilson Center">Woodrow Wilson Center</a> Fellow.<a href="#cite_note-240">[236]</a> Faculty members have been responsible for numerous scientific advances at UW–Madison, including the <a href="/wiki/Single-grain_experiment" title="Single-grain experiment">single-grain experiment</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Babcock" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Babcock">Stephen Babcock</a>,<a href="#cite_note-241">[237]</a> the discovery of vitamins <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">A</a> and <a href="/wiki/B_vitamins" title="B vitamins">B</a> by <a href="/wiki/Elmer_McCollum" title="Elmer McCollum">Elmer McCollum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Davis" title="Marguerite Davis">Marguerite Davis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-242">[238]</a> the development of the anticoagulant medication <a href="/wiki/Warfarin" title="Warfarin">warfarin</a> by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Paul_Link" title="Karl Paul Link">Karl Paul Link</a>,<a href="#cite_note-243">[239]</a> the first chemical synthesis of a gene by <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Gobind Khorana</a>,<a href="#cite_note-244">[240]</a> the discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Retrovirus" title="Retrovirus">retroviral</a> enzyme <a href="/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase" title="Reverse transcriptase">reverse transcriptase</a> by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Temin" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard Temin">Howard Temin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-pmid4316301-41">[41]</a> and the first synthesis of <a href="/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell" title="Embryonic stem cell">human embryonic stem cells</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)" title="James Thomson (cell biologist)">James Thomson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-uwtimeline-21">[21]</a> UW–Madison professor <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Leopold" title="Aldo Leopold">Aldo Leopold</a> played an important role in the development of modern <a href="/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science">environmental science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conservationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservationism">conservationism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-University_Discoveries-245">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-Looking_back_100_years_at_two_major_biochemistry_discoveries-246">[242]</a> while professor <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Ladson-Billings" title="Gloria Ladson-Billings">Gloria Ladson-Billings</a> formulated the framework of <a href="/wiki/Culturally_relevant_teaching" title="Culturally relevant teaching">culturally relevant pedagogy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Culturally_Relevant_Pedagogy-247">[243]</a> UW–Madison is also known for its contributions to the field of <a href="/wiki/Glaciology" title="Glaciology">glaciology</a>. <a href="/wiki/Thwaites_Glacier" title="Thwaites Glacier">Thwaites Glacier</a>, infamously a part of the <a href="/wiki/West_Antarctic_Ice_Sheet" title="West Antarctic Ice Sheet">West Antarctic Ice Sheet</a>'s so-called "weak underbelly", was posthumously named after its <a href="/wiki/Professor_emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Professor emeritus">professor emeritus</a> Fredrik T. Thwaites (1883–1961). Other Antarctic features named after UW–Madison glaciologists include <a href="/wiki/Black_Glacier" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Glacier">Black Glacier</a> (after professor Robert F. Black), as well as <a href="/wiki/Mount_Bentley" title="Mount Bentley">Mount Bentley</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Subglacial_Trench" title="Bentley Subglacial Trench">Bentley Subglacial Trench</a>, both named after professor <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Bentley" title="Charles R. Bentley">Charles R. Bentley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UWGlaciology-248">[244]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Notable University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty include:</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stephen Moulton Babcock"><img alt="Stephen Moulton Babcock" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg/84px-Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg/126px-Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg/168px-Portrait_of_Stephen_Moulton_Babcock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="746" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Moulton_Babcock" title="Stephen Moulton Babcock">Stephen Moulton Babcock</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:CharlesRVanHise.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles R. Van Hise"><img alt="Charles R. Van Hise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CharlesRVanHise.jpeg/85px-CharlesRVanHise.jpeg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CharlesRVanHise.jpeg/128px-CharlesRVanHise.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CharlesRVanHise.jpeg/171px-CharlesRVanHise.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="705" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Van_Hise" title="Charles R. Van Hise">Charles R. Van Hise</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph Erlanger"><img alt="Joseph Erlanger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/85px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/127px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/170px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Joseph Erlanger</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck"><img alt="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg/99px-JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg/149px-JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg/199px-JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="1239" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">John Hasbrouck Van Vleck</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joshua Lederberg"><img alt="Joshua Lederberg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg/84px-Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg/127px-Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg/169px-Joshua_Lederberg-nih.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="515" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eugene Wigner"><img alt="Eugene Wigner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wigner.jpg/85px-Wigner.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wigner.jpg/127px-Wigner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wigner.jpg/170px-Wigner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Eugene Wigner</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Howard Martin Temin"><img alt="Howard Martin Temin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/96px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/144px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/192px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Martin_Temin" title="Howard Martin Temin">Howard Martin Temin</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paul S. Reinsch"><img alt="Paul S. Reinsch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg/85px-Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg/128px-Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg/171px-Portrait_of_Paul_Samuel_Reinsch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="978" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Paul_S._Reinsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul S. Reinsch">Paul S. Reinsch</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanislaw_Ulam.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Stanislaw Ulam"><img alt="Stanislaw Ulam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stanislaw_Ulam.tif/lossy-page1-83px-Stanislaw_Ulam.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stanislaw_Ulam.tif/lossy-page1-124px-Stanislaw_Ulam.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stanislaw_Ulam.tif/lossy-page1-165px-Stanislaw_Ulam.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="826" data-file-height="1198" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stanislaw_Ulam" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanislaw Ulam">Stanislaw Ulam</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Oliver Smithies"><img alt="Oliver Smithies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG/81px-Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG/122px-Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG/163px-Oliver_Smithies_HD2009_AIC_Gold_Medal_portrait_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1423" data-file-height="2097" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Oliver Smithies</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Har Gobind Khorana"><img alt="Har Gobind Khorana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/85px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/128px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/170px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="563" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Gobind Khorana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamie_Thomson.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="James Thomson"><img alt="James Thomson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jamie_Thomson.jpg/90px-Jamie_Thomson.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jamie_Thomson.jpg/135px-Jamie_Thomson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jamie_Thomson.jpg/180px-Jamie_Thomson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2026" data-file-height="2701" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)" title="James Thomson (cell biologist)">James Thomson</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badgerloop" class="mw-redirect" title="Badgerloop">Badgerloop</a> – a SpaceX Hyperloop Competition Team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MadFiber_Ice_Cream" title="MadFiber Ice Cream">MadFiber Ice Cream</a> – created by the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRNSYS" title="TRNSYS">TRNSYS</a> – <a href="/wiki/Computer_simulation" title="Computer simulation">simulation</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">program</a> for <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a> developed at UW–M</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW_Hybrid_Vehicle_Team" title="UW Hybrid Vehicle Team">UW Hybrid Vehicle Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weinert_Center" title="Weinert Center">Weinert Center</a> for Entrepreneurship</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cocoa_Foundation" title="World Cocoa Foundation">World Cocoa Foundation</a> (Partnership)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> Other consists of <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Multiracial Americans</a> & those who prefer to not say. </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> The percentage of students who received an income-based federal <a href="/wiki/Pell_grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Pell grant">Pell grant</a> intended for low-income students. </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> The percentage of students who are a part of the <a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">American middle class</a> at the bare minimum. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uwalumni.com/news/numen-lumen-seal/">"Numen Lumen: The UW's Not-So Secret Seal | Wisconsin Alumni Association"</a>. uwalumni.com. Retrieved April 4, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uwalumni.com&rft.atitle=Numen+Lumen%3A+The+UW%27s+Not-So+Secret+Seal+%7C+Wisconsin+Alumni+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uwalumni.com%2Fnews%2Fnumen-lumen-seal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> As of June 30, 2021. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.supportuw.org/about-us/investments/">Facts – University of Wisconsin Madison</a> (Report). University of Wisconsin Foundation. Fall 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Facts+%E2%80%93+University+of+Wisconsin+Madison&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Foundation&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.supportuw.org%2Fabout-us%2Finvestments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> As of 2023. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisconsin.edu/regents/download/meeting_materials/2023_meeting_materials/Meeting-Book---Special-Meeting-of-the-Board-of-Regents-(August-22,-2023)-(4)(2).pdf#page=21">"Special Meeting of the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved April 24, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pres+House-UW&rft.pub=Wisconsin+Involvement+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwin.wisc.edu%2Forganization%2Fpreshouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wlchapel.org/im-new/welcome/">"Welcome to Chapel"</a>. Wisconsin Lutheran Chapel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200302044918/https://www.wlchapel.org/im-new/welcome/">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2020. Retrieved March 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+Lutheran+Chapel&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Chapel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlchapel.org%2Fim-new%2Fwelcome%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vehicles.wisc.edu/formula/formulaabout.html">"UW-Madison Formula SAE Team"</a>. vehicles.wisc.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170727010842/http://vehicles.wisc.edu/formula/formulaabout.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vehicles.wisc.edu&rft.atitle=UW-Madison+Formula+SAE+Team&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvehicles.wisc.edu%2Fformula%2Fformulaabout.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uwbadgers.com/history/">"The Official Web Site of the Wisconsin Badgers – History"</a>. UWBadgers.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324043042/http://www.uwbadgers.com/history/">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 11, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Official+Web+Site+of+the+Wisconsin+Badgers+%E2%80%93+History&rft.pub=UWBadgers.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uwbadgers.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.madison.com/tct/sports//290341">UW–Madison men, women claim national rowing championships</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080613142356/http://www.madison.com/tct/sports//290341">Archived</a> June 13, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", The Capital Times. </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> UWBadgers.com. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://badgerband.com/5th-quarter/">Fifth Quarter</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131209023348/http://badgerband.com/5th-quarter/">Archived</a> December 9, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> University of Wisconsin Marching Band. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://badgerband.com/5th-quarter/">fifth Quarter</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131209023348/http://badgerband.com/5th-quarter/">Archived</a> December 9, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> Matt Simon. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1026647-ban-the-fifth-quarter-in-wisconsin-badger-losses">Ban the Fifth Quarter in Wisconsin Badger Losses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231000825/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1026647-ban-the-fifth-quarter-in-wisconsin-badger-losses">Archived</a> December 31, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", Bleacher Report, January 16, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080929003800/http://www.uwbadgers.com/sport_news/fb/bios/bio.html?staffid=559#top">""Bret Bielema""</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uwbadgers.com/sport_news/fb/bios/bio.html?staffid=559#top">the original</a> on September 29, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Bret+Bielema%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uwbadgers.com%2Fsport_news%2Ffb%2Fbios%2Fbio.html%3Fstaffid%3D559%23top&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> Associated Press. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scores.espn.go.com/ncf/recap?gameId=320022483">Oregon outruns Wisconsin to win highest-scoring Rose Bowl ever</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140104221344/http://scores.espn.go.com/ncf/recap?gameId=320022483">Archived</a> January 4, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", ESPN Football, January 2, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Barry_Alvarez_will_coach_Wisconsin_in_the_Rose_Bowl-210"><a href="#cite_ref-Barry_Alvarez_will_coach_Wisconsin_in_the_Rose_Bowl_210-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2012/12/06/wisconsin-rose-bowl-barry-alvarez-bret-bielema/1751029/">"Barry Alvarez will coach Wisconsin in the Rose Bowl"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010132731/https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2012/12/06/wisconsin-rose-bowl-barry-alvarez-bret-bielema/1751029/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Barry+Alvarez+will+coach+Wisconsin+in+the+Rose+Bowl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fgameon%2F2012%2F12%2F06%2Fwisconsin-rose-bowl-barry-alvarez-bret-bielema%2F1751029%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRittenberg2012" class="citation web cs1">Rittenberg, Adam (December 26, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/college-football/bowls12/story/_/id/8777957/barry-alvarez-enjoying-return-wisconsin-badgers-sideline-rose-bowl-college-football">"Alvarez savors return to Rose Bowl"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121227193257/http://espn.go.com/college-football/bowls12/story/_/id/8777957/barry-alvarez-enjoying-return-wisconsin-badgers-sideline-rose-bowl-college-football">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alvarez+savors+return+to+Rose+Bowl&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2012-12-26&rft.aulast=Rittenberg&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fcollege-football%2Fbowls12%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F8777957%2Fbarry-alvarez-enjoying-return-wisconsin-badgers-sideline-rose-bowl-college-football&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourneytravel.com/history/schoolstats.htm">"NCAA Tournament School Statistics"</a>. TourneyTravel.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716043304/http://www.tourneytravel.com/history/schoolstats.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NCAA+Tournament+School+Statistics&rft.pub=TourneyTravel.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tourneytravel.com%2Fhistory%2Fschoolstats.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310212414/http://sports.espn.go.com/ncb/rankingsindex?pollId=null&weekNumber=16&seasonYear=2007">"Men's Basketball Rankings 2006–07 Week 11"</a>. ESPN. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.espn.go.com/ncb/rankingsindex?pollId=null&weekNumber=16&seasonYear=2007">the original</a> on March 10, 2007. Retrieved January 20, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Men%27s+Basketball+Rankings+2006%E2%80%9307+Week+11&rft.pub=ESPN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsports.espn.go.com%2Fncb%2Frankingsindex%3FpollId%3Dnull%26weekNumber%3D16%26seasonYear%3D2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> NCAA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/m_icehockey_rb/2014/Attend.pdf">Men's Ice Hockey Attendance Records</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701113432/http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/m_icehockey_rb/2014/Attend.pdf">Archived</a> July 1, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, p. 4. Accessed February 26, 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.com/history/default.aspx?id=87986">""NCAA History""</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22NCAA+History%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncaa.com%2Fhistory%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fid%3D87986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> "Historic Sweep Complete", Wisconsin State Journal,April 9, 2006, p. 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Accessed February 26, 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> Chicago Now. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagonow.com/legends-leaders-ledger/2012/06/minnesota-jug-axe-and-pig-come-in-no-2/">Minnesota: Jug, Axe and Pig Come in No.2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140306102811/http://www.chicagonow.com/legends-leaders-ledger/2012/06/minnesota-jug-axe-and-pig-come-in-no-2/">Archived</a> March 6, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accessed February 26, 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gophersports.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/111803aac.html">Original Paul Bunyan Axe Donated to the College Football Hall of Fame</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140305155806/http://www.gophersports.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/111803aac.html">Archived</a> March 5, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. gophersports.com. Accessed February 26, 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uwbadgers.com/news/2006/10/8/How_the_Axe_Came_to_Be.aspx">How the Axe Came to Be</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180114020233/http://www.uwbadgers.com/news/2006/10/8/How_the_Axe_Came_to_Be.aspx">Archived</a> January 14, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Accessed January 12, 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> Arthur Hove. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uwpress.wisc.edu/books/0099.htm">The University of Wisconsin: A Pictorial History.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150309055952/http://uwpress.wisc.edu/books/0099.htm">Archived</a> March 9, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, University of Wisconsin Press, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-13000-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-13000-8">978-0-299-13000-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061112063315/http://www.uwbadgers.com/traditions/notables_120.html">"Badger Notables: Badger Nickname"</a>. UWBadgers.com – The Official Web Site of Badger Athletics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uwbadgers.com/traditions/notables_120.html">the original</a> on November 12, 2006. 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Retrieved July 8, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UWGlaciology&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglaciology.geoscience.wisc.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Butterfield, C. W.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyuniversi01unkngoog">History of the University of Wisconsin</a>. Madison: University Press, 1879.</li> <li>Fred, Edwin Broun. A University Remembers. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1969.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreeneMatthew_Greene2001" class="citation book cs1">Greene, Howard; Matthew Greene (2001). The Public Ivies: America's Flagship Public Universities. New York: HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-093459-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-093459-X"><bdi>0-06-093459-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Public+Ivies%3A+America%27s+Flagship+Public+Universities&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-06-093459-X&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.au=Matthew+Greene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Thwaites, Reuben Gold. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.library.wisc.edu/etext/WIReader/Thwaites/Contents.html">History of the University of Wisconsin</a>. 1900.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" class="extiw" title="commons:University of Wisconsin-Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wisc.edu">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838330#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uwbadgers.com/">University of Wisconsin–Madison Athletics website</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaertel1920" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Haertel, M. H. (1920). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Wisconsin,_University_of">"Wisconsin, University of" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wisconsin%2C+University+of&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Haertel&rft.aufirst=M.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Wisconsin,_University_of">"Wisconsin, University of" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a>. 1921.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wisconsin%2C+University+of&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work/Wisconsin,_University_of">"Wisconsin, University of" </a>. <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work">The New Student's Reference Work </a>. 1914.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wisconsin%2C+University+of&rft.btitle=The+New+Student%27s+Reference+Work&rft.date=1914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Wisconsin,_University_of">"Wisconsin, University of" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wisconsin%2C+University+of&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Wisconsin,_University_of">"Wisconsin, University of" </a>. <a href="/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Cyclopædia">The American Cyclopædia</a>. 1879.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wisconsin%2C+University+of&rft.btitle=The+American+Cyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.date=1879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Wisconsin–Madison" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><div>Located in: <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Colleges and schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Agricultural_and_Life_Sciences" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences">Agricultural and Life Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_of_Business" title="Wisconsin School of Business">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Education" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Engineering" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Human_Ecology" title="University of Wisconsin School of Human Ecology">Human Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_International_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of International Studies (page does not exist)">International Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Journalism_%26_Mass_Communication" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Journalism & Mass Communication">Journalism and Mass Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Law_School" title="University of Wisconsin Law School">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_College_of_Letters_and_Science" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science">Letters and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Library_and_Information_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Library and Information Studies (page does not exist)">Library and Information Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">Medicine and Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Music" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Nursing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Nursing (page does not exist)">Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Pharmacy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Pharmacy (page does not exist)">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs">Public Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Social_Work&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Social Work (page does not exist)">Social Work</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Veterinary_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine (page does not exist)">Veterinary Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham%27s_Woods" title="Abraham's Woods">Abraham's Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_Hall_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="Agriculture Hall (Madison, Wisconsin)">Agriculture Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Centennial_Gardens" title="Allen Centennial Gardens">Allen Centennial Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Arboretum" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum">Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlin_Hall" title="Chamberlin Hall">Chamberlin Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Dairy_Barn" title="University of Wisconsin Dairy Barn">Dairy Barn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeLuca_Biochemistry_Building" title="DeLuca Biochemistry Building">DeLuca Biochemistry Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Madison_Geology_Museum" title="UW–Madison Geology Museum">Geology Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Heating_Station" title="Agricultural Heating Station">Heating Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Lakeshore_Nature_Preserve" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve">Lakeshore Nature Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lathrop_Hall" title="Lathrop Hall">Lathrop Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Madison_Law_Building" title="University of Wisconsin Madison Law Building">Law Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin-Madison)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin-Madison)">Memorial Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Hall_(University_of_Wisconsin)" title="North Hall (University of Wisconsin)">North Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff_Observatory" title="Pine Bluff Observatory">Pine Bluff Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Science_and_Engineering_Center" title="Space Science and Engineering Center">Space Science and Engineering Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Armory_and_Gymnasium" title="University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium">Red Gym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Science_Hall" title="University of Wisconsin Science Hall">Science Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Madison)" title="State Street (Madison)">State Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_Pavilion" title="Stock Pavilion">Stock Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchrotron_Radiation_Center" title="Synchrotron Radiation Center">Synchrotron Radiation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_South_(Wisconsin)" title="Union South (Wisconsin)">Union South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washburn_Observatory" title="Washburn Observatory">Washburn Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weinert_Center" title="Weinert Center">Weinert Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Union_Theater" title="Wisconsin Union Theater">Wisconsin Union Theater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Athletics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_baseball" title="Wisconsin Badgers baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li>Basketball (<a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_basketball" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_basketball" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's basketball">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_Crew" title="Wisconsin Badgers Crew">Crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_football" title="Wisconsin Badgers football">Football</a></li> <li>Ice hockey (<a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey">Men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey">Women</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_soccer" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's soccer">Men's soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_softball" title="Wisconsin Badgers softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_volleyball" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's volleyball">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Field_House" title="Wisconsin Field House">Field House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaBahn_Arena" title="LaBahn Arena">LaBahn Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Ridge_Golf_Course" title="University Ridge Golf Course">University Ridge Golf Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucky_Badger" title="Bucky Badger">Bucky Badger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grateful_Red" class="mw-redirect" title="Grateful Red">Grateful Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota%E2%80%93Wisconsin_football_rivalry" title="Minnesota–Wisconsin football rivalry">Paul Bunyan's Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa%E2%80%93Wisconsin_football_rivalry" title="Iowa–Wisconsin football rivalry">Heartland Trophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall" title="Camp Randall">Camp Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Experimental_College" title="University of Wisconsin Experimental College">Experimental College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_and_Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents and Chancellors of the University of Wisconsin–Madison">Past Chancellors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sifting_and_winnowing" title="Sifting and winnowing">Sifting and winnowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-grain_experiment" title="Single-grain experiment">Single-grain experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_of_Bacon" class="mw-redirect" title="Slab of Bacon">Slab of Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Hall_bombing" title="Sterling Hall bombing">Sterling Hall bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teaching_Assistants_Association" title="Teaching Assistants Association">Teaching Assistants Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHA_(AM)" title="WHA (AM)">WHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Idea" title="Wisconsin Idea">Wisconsin Idea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Idea_Theatre" title="Wisconsin Idea Theatre">Wisconsin Idea Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_school" title="Wisconsin school">Wisconsin school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_(diplomatic_history)" title="Wisconsin School (diplomatic history)">Wisconsin School (diplomatic history)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Media and publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Badger_Herald" title="The Badger Herald">The Badger Herald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Scandinavian_Study" title="Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study">Scandinavian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandem_Press" title="Tandem Press">Tandem Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Press" title="University of Wisconsin Press">UW Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wisconsin_Engineer" title="The Wisconsin Engineer">The Wisconsin Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Law_Review" title="Wisconsin Law Review">Wisconsin Law Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSUM" title="WSUM">WSUM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_people" title="List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people">Alumni, faculty and staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_people_in_academics" title="List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people in academics">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_people_in_athletics" title="List of University of Wisconsin–Madison people in athletics">Athletics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biotron_(Wisconsin)" title="Biotron (Wisconsin)">Biotron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW_Carbone_Cancer_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UW Carbone Cancer Center">Carbone Cancer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Limnology" title="Center for Limnology">Center for Limnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Bioenergy_Research_Center" title="Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center">Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helically_Symmetric_Experiment" title="Helically Symmetric Experiment">Helically Symmetric Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cartography_Project" title="History of Cartography Project">History of Cartography Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IceCube_Neutrino_Observatory" title="IceCube Neutrino Observatory">IceCube Neutrino Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_in_action" title="Law in action">Law in Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Symmetric_Torus" title="Madison Symmetric Torus">Madison Symmetric Torus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McArdle_Laboratory" title="McArdle Laboratory">McArdle Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgridge_Institute_for_Research" title="Morgridge Institute for Research">Morgridge Institute for Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_Toroidal_Experiment" title="Pegasus Toroidal Experiment">Pegasus Toroidal Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Hospital_and_Clinics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics">UW Hospital & Clinics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_Research_Park_(Wisconsin)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University Research Park (Wisconsin) (page does not exist)">University Research Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaspan" title="Viaspan">Viaspan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIYN_Consortium" title="WIYN Consortium">WIYN Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WiCell" title="WiCell">WiCell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Alumni_Research_Foundation" title="Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation">Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Center_for_the_Advancement_of_Postsecondary_Education" title="Wisconsin Center for the Advancement of Postsecondary Education">WISCAPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Energy_Institute" title="Wisconsin Energy Institute">Wisconsin Energy Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Institutes_for_Discovery" title="Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery">Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Forensics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentally_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundamentally Sound">Fundamentally Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grateful_Red" class="mw-redirect" title="Grateful Red">Grateful Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Hoofers" title="Wisconsin Hoofers">Hoofers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humorology" title="Humorology">Humorology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Shield_Society" title="Iron Shield Society">Iron Shield Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_Around" title="Jump Around">Jump Around</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW_MadHatters" class="mw-redirect" title="UW MadHatters">MadHatters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Marching_Band" title="University of Wisconsin Marching Band">Marching Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On,_Wisconsin!" title="On, Wisconsin!">On, Wisconsin!</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undergraduate_Projects_Lab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undergraduate Projects Lab (page does not exist)">Undergraduate Projects Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varsity_(alma_mater_song)" title="Varsity (alma mater song)">Varsity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Film_Festival" title="Wisconsin Film Festival">Wisconsin Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Union" title="Wisconsin Union">Wisconsin Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_War_at_Home_(1979_film)" title="The War at Home (1979 film)">The War at Home</a> (1979 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><div> <ul><li>Founded: 1848</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background-color:#C5050C;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Wisconsin_System" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #990033; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #999999, inset -2px -2px 0 #999999;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Wisconsin" title="Template:University of Wisconsin"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Wisconsin" title="Template talk:University of Wisconsin"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Wisconsin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Wisconsin"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Wisconsin_System" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #990033; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #999999, inset -2px -2px 0 #999999;;width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Eau_Claire" title="University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire">Eau Claire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Green_Bay" title="University of Wisconsin–Green Bay">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93La_Crosse" title="University of Wisconsin–La Crosse">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Oshkosh" title="University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Parkside" title="University of Wisconsin–Parkside">Parkside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville" title="University of Wisconsin–Platteville"> Platteville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93River_Falls" title="University of Wisconsin–River Falls">River Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point">Stevens Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stout" title="University of Wisconsin–Stout">Stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Superior" title="University of Wisconsin–Superior">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Whitewater" title="University of Wisconsin–Whitewater">Whitewater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #990033; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #999999, inset -2px -2px 0 #999999;;width:1%">Branch campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Platteville_Baraboo_Sauk_County" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Platteville Baraboo Sauk County">Baraboo/Sauk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Eau_Claire_%E2%80%93_Barron_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire – Barron County">Barron County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Fond_du_Lac" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin–Fond du Lac">Fond du Lac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Oshkosh,_Fox_Cities_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Fox Cities Campus">Fox Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Manitowoc_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Manitowoc Campus">Manitowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Marinette_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Marinette Campus">Marinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point_at_Marshfield" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point at Marshfield">Marshfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville_Richland" title="University of Wisconsin–Platteville Richland">Richland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Whitewater_at_Rock_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Whitewater at Rock County">Rock County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Sheboygan_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Sheboygan Campus">Sheboygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee_at_Washington_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee at Washington County">Washington County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee_at_Waukesha" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee at Waukesha">Waukesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point_at_Wausau" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point at Wausau">Wausau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Big_Ten_Conference" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Big_Ten_Conference_navbox" title="Template:Big Ten Conference navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Big_Ten_Conference_navbox" title="Template talk:Big Ten Conference navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Big_Ten_Conference_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Big Ten Conference navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Big_Ten_Conference" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten Conference</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Current members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini" title="Illinois Fighting Illini">Illinois Fighting Illini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Hoosiers" title="Indiana Hoosiers">Indiana Hoosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes" title="Iowa Hawkeyes">Iowa Hawkeyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Terrapins" title="Maryland Terrapins">Maryland Terrapins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Wolverines" title="Michigan Wolverines">Michigan Wolverines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_Spartans" title="Michigan State Spartans">Michigan State Spartans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Golden_Gophers" title="Minnesota Golden Gophers">Minnesota Golden Gophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Cornhuskers" title="Nebraska Cornhuskers">Nebraska Cornhuskers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats" title="Northwestern Wildcats">Northwestern Wildcats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes" title="Ohio State Buckeyes">Ohio State Buckeyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Ducks" title="Oregon Ducks">Oregon Ducks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_State_Nittany_Lions" title="Penn State Nittany Lions">Penn State Nittany Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_Boilermakers" title="Purdue Boilermakers">Purdue Boilermakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_Scarlet_Knights" title="Rutgers Scarlet Knights">Rutgers Scarlet Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLA_Bruins" title="UCLA Bruins">UCLA Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USC_Trojans" title="USC Trojans">USC Trojans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Huskies" title="Washington Huskies">Washington Huskies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Wisconsin Badgers</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg/100px-Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg/150px-Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg/200px-Big_Ten_Conference_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="169" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Blue_Jays" title="Johns Hopkins Blue Jays">Johns Hopkins Blue Jays</a> (<a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Blue_Jays_men%27s_lacrosse" title="Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse">men's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Blue_Jays_women%27s_lacrosse" title="Johns Hopkins Blue Jays women's lacrosse">women's</a> lacrosse)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Fighting_Irish" title="Notre Dame Fighting Irish">Notre Dame Fighting Irish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Fighting_Irish_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey">men's ice hockey</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Former members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Maroons" title="Chicago Maroons">Chicago Maroons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Championships & awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Athlete_of_the_Year" title="Big Ten Athlete of the Year">Athlete of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B1G_Super_Saturday" title="B1G Super Saturday">B1G Super Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Big_Ten_Conference_national_championships" title="List of Big Ten Conference national championships">National Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Football (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Big_Ten_Conference_football_standings_(1959%E2%80%93present)" title="List of Big Ten Conference football standings (1959–present)">Standings</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Big_Ten_Conference_football_champions" title="List of Big Ten Conference football champions">Champions</a>)</li> <li>Men's basketball (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Big_Ten_Conference_men%27s_basketball_regular_season_champions" title="List of Big Ten Conference men's basketball regular season champions">Regular season</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_men%27s_basketball_tournament" title="Big Ten men's basketball tournament">Tournament</a>)</li> <li>Women's basketball (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Big_Ten_Conference_women%27s_basketball_regular_season_champions" title="List of Big Ten Conference women's basketball regular season champions">Regular season</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_women%27s_basketball_tournament" title="Big Ten women's basketball tournament">Tournament</a>)</li> <li>Ice hockey (<a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Men%27s_Ice_Hockey_Tournament" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Ten Men's Ice Hockey Tournament">Tournament</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_men%27s_lacrosse_tournament" title="Big Ten men's lacrosse tournament">Men's lacrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_women%27s_lacrosse_tournament" title="Big Ten women's lacrosse tournament">Women's lacrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference_volleyball" title="Big Ten Conference volleyball">Volleyball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#0088CE;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Network" title="Big Ten Network">Big Ten Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women&#039;s_ice_hockey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#231F20; color:#A7B1B7; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #EE3124, inset -2px -2px 0 #EE3124;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_navbox" title="Template:Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#A7B1B7">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_navbox" title="Template talk:Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#A7B1B7">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#A7B1B7">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women&#039;s_ice_hockey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association">Western Collegiate Hockey Association</a> <a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_ice_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's ice hockey">women's ice hockey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#231F20; color:#A7B1B7; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #EE3124, inset -2px -2px 0 #EE3124;;width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bemidji_State_University" title="Bemidji State University">Bemidji State</a> <a href="/wiki/Bemidji_State_Beavers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Bemidji State Beavers women's ice hockey">Beavers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">Minnesota</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Golden_Gophers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Minnesota Golden Gophers women's ice hockey">Golden Gophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Duluth" title="University of Minnesota Duluth">Minnesota Duluth</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Duluth_Bulldogs_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey">Bulldogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_State_University,_Mankato" title="Minnesota State University, Mankato">Minnesota State</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_State_Mavericks_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Minnesota State Mavericks women's ice hockey">Mavericks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a> <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Ohio State Buckeyes women's ice hockey">Buckeyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud_State_University" title="St. Cloud State University">St. Cloud State</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Cloud_State_Huskies_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Cloud State Huskies women's ice hockey">Huskies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Minnesota)" title="University of St. Thomas (Minnesota)">St. Thomas</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_(Minnesota)_Tommies_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Thomas (Minnesota) Tommies women's ice hockey">Tommies</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wisconsin</a> <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey">Badgers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#231F20; color:#A7B1B7; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #EE3124, inset -2px -2px 0 #EE3124;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Center" title="Sanford Center">Sanford Center</a> (Bemidji State)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridder_Arena" title="Ridder Arena">Ridder Arena</a> (Minnesota)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMSOIL_Arena" title="AMSOIL Arena">AMSOIL Arena</a> (Minnesota Duluth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Seasons_Arena_(Mankato)" title="All Seasons Arena (Mankato)">All Seasons Arena</a> (Minnesota State)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University_Ice_Rink" title="Ohio State University Ice Rink">Ohio State University Ice Rink</a> (Ohio State)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Brooks_National_Hockey_Center" title="Herb Brooks National Hockey Center">Herb Brooks National Hockey Center</a> (St. Cloud State)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Ice_Arena" title="St. Thomas Ice Arena">St. Thomas Ice Arena</a> (St. Thomas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaBahn_Arena" title="LaBahn Arena">LaBahn Arena</a> (Wisconsin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#231F20; color:#A7B1B7; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #EE3124, inset -2px -2px 0 #EE3124;;width:1%">Championships & awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_individual_awards" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's individual awards">Awards & honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Collegiate_Hockey_Association_women%27s_champions" title="Western Collegiate Hockey Association women's champions">Champions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#231F20; color:#A7B1B7; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #EE3124, inset -2px -2px 0 #EE3124;;width:1%">Seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999%E2%80%932000_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999–2000 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">1999–2000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000%E2%80%9301_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000–01 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2000–01</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2001%E2%80%9302_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001–02 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2001–02</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002%E2%80%9303_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002–03 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2002–03</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003%E2%80%9304_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003–04 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2003–04</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004%E2%80%9305_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004–05 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2004–05</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2005%E2%80%9306_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2005–06 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2005–06</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006%E2%80%9307_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006–07 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2006–07</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2007%E2%80%9308_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2007–08 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2007–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2008–09 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2008–09</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2009–10 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2009–10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%9311_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2010–11 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2010–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2011–12 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2011–12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%9313_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2012–13 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2012–13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013%E2%80%9314_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2013–14 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2013–14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2014–15 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2014–15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2015%E2%80%9316_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2015–16 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2015–16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016%E2%80%9317_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2016–17 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2016–17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2017%E2%80%9318_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2017–18 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2017–18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018%E2%80%9319_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018–19 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2018–19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019%E2%80%9320_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019–20 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2019–20</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2020%E2%80%9321_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2020–21 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2020–21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021%E2%80%9322_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021–22 WCHA women's ice hockey season (page does not exist)">2021–22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2022–23 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2022–23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2023–24 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2023–24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_WCHA_women%27s_ice_hockey_season" title="2024–25 WCHA women's ice hockey season">2024–25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" title="Template:Colleges and universities in Wisconsin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" title="Template talk:Colleges and universities in Wisconsin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Colleges and universities in Wisconsin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Wisconsin" title="List of colleges and universities in Wisconsin">Colleges and universities in Wisconsin</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alverno_College" title="Alverno College">Alverno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloit_College" title="Beloit College">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_University" title="Carroll University">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_College" title="Carthage College">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Wisconsin" title="Concordia University Wisconsin">Concordia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgewood_College" title="Edgewood College">Edgewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeland_University" title="Lakeland University">Lakeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_University" title="Lawrence University">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maranatha_Baptist_University" title="Maranatha Baptist University">Maranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_University_(Wisconsin)" title="Marian University (Wisconsin)">Marian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_University" title="Marquette University">Marquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_College_of_Wisconsin" title="Medical College of Wisconsin">Medical College of Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Institute_of_Art_%26_Design" title="Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design">Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_School_of_Engineering" title="Milwaukee School of Engineering">Milwaukee School of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Mary_University" title="Mount Mary University">Mount Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northland_College_(Wisconsin)" title="Northland College (Wisconsin)">Northland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_College_(Wisconsin)" title="Ripon College (Wisconsin)">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Norbert_College" title="St. Norbert College">St. Norbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_School_of_Architecture_at_Taliesin" class="mw-redirect" title="The School of Architecture at Taliesin">The School of Architecture at Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viterbo_University" title="Viterbo University">Viterbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Lutheran_College" title="Wisconsin Lutheran College">Wisconsin Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_School_of_Professional_Psychology" title="Wisconsin School of Professional Psychology">Wisconsin School of Professional Psychology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Eau_Claire" title="University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire">Eau Claire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Green_Bay" title="University of Wisconsin–Green Bay">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93La_Crosse" title="University of Wisconsin–La Crosse">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Oshkosh" title="University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Parkside" title="University of Wisconsin–Parkside">Parkside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville" title="University of Wisconsin–Platteville">Platteville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93River_Falls" title="University of Wisconsin–River Falls">River Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point">Stevens Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stout" title="University of Wisconsin–Stout">Stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Superior" title="University of Wisconsin–Superior">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Whitewater" title="University of Wisconsin–Whitewater">Whitewater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branch campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Platteville_Baraboo_Sauk_County" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Platteville Baraboo Sauk County">Baraboo/Sauk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Eau_Claire_%E2%80%93_Barron_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire – Barron County">Barron County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Fond_du_Lac" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin–Fond du Lac">Fond du Lac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Oshkosh,_Fox_Cities_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Fox Cities Campus">Fox Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Manitowoc_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Manitowoc Campus">Manitowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Marinette_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Marinette Campus">Marinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point_at_Marshfield" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point at Marshfield">Marshfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville_Richland" title="University of Wisconsin–Platteville Richland">Richland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Whitewater_at_Rock_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Whitewater at Rock County">Rock County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW%E2%80%93Green_Bay,_Sheboygan_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="UW–Green Bay, Sheboygan Campus">Sheboygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee_at_Washington_County" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee at Washington County">Washington County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Milwaukee_at_Waukesha" title="University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee at Waukesha">Waukesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stevens_Point_at_Wausau" title="University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point at Wausau">Wausau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Technical_College_System" title="Wisconsin Technical College System">Wisconsin Technical College System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackhawk_Technical_College" title="Blackhawk Technical College">Blackhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippewa_Valley_Technical_College" title="Chippewa Valley Technical College">Chippewa Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Valley_Technical_College" title="Fox Valley Technical College">Fox Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Technical_College" title="Gateway Technical College">Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeshore_Technical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeshore Technical College">Lakeshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Area_Technical_College" title="Madison Area Technical College">Madison Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-State_Technical_College" title="Mid-State Technical College">Mid-State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Area_Technical_College" title="Milwaukee Area Technical College">Milwaukee Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moraine_Park_Technical_College" title="Moraine Park Technical College">Moraine Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolet_Area_Technical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolet Area Technical College">Nicolet Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northcentral_Technical_College" title="Northcentral Technical College">Northcentral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Wisconsin_Technical_College" title="Northeast Wisconsin Technical College">Northeast Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwood_Technical_College" title="Northwood Technical College">Northwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Wisconsin_Technical_College" title="Southwest Wisconsin Technical College">Southwest Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waukesha_County_Technical_College" title="Waukesha County Technical College">Waukesha County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Technical_College" title="Western Technical College">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribal institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Menominee_Nation" title="College of Menominee Nation">College of Menominee Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lac_Courte_Oreilles_Ojibwa_Community_College" title="Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College">Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Stritch_University" title="Cardinal Stritch University">Cardinal Stritch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_College_of_Racine" title="Dominican College of Racine">Dominican College of Racine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downer_College" title="Downer College">Downer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_College" title="Gale College">Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_College_(Wisconsin)" title="Holy Family College (Wisconsin)">Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Media_Institute" title="Madison Media Institute">Madison Media Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_College" title="Milton College">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee-Downer_College" title="Milwaukee-Downer College">Milwaukee-Downer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Senario_College" title="Mount Senario College">Mount Senario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northland_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Northland Institute">Northland International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racine_College" title="Racine College">Racine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_College_(Wisconsin)" title="Sacred Heart College (Wisconsin)">Sacred Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinsinawa_Mound_College" title="Sinsinawa Mound College">Sinsinawa Mound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Big_Ten_Academic_Alliance" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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title="University of Nebraska–Lincoln">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" title="Purdue University">Purdue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University%E2%80%93New_Brunswick" title="Rutgers University–New Brunswick">Rutgers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Worldwide_Universities_Network" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Worldwide_Universities_Network" title="Template:Worldwide Universities Network"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Worldwide_Universities_Network" title="Template talk:Worldwide Universities Network"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Worldwide_Universities_Network" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Worldwide Universities Network"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Worldwide_Universities_Network" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Worldwide_Universities_Network" title="Worldwide Universities Network">Worldwide Universities Network</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Australia</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Technology_Sydney" title="University of Technology Sydney">Technology Sydney</a></dd> <dt>Brazil</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Minas_Gerais" title="Federal University of Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</a></dd> <dt>Canada</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">Alberta</a></dd> <dt>China</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Renmin_University_of_China" title="Renmin University of China">Renmin</a></dd> <dt>Germany</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ruhr_University_Bochum" title="Ruhr University Bochum">Ruhr Bochum</a></dd> <dt>Ghana</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ghana" title="University of Ghana">Ghana</a></dd> <dt>Hong Kong</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_University_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chinese University of Hong Kong">Chinese</a></dd> <dt>Mexico</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education" title="Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education">Monterrey</a></dd> <dt>Netherlands</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_University" title="Maastricht University">Maastricht</a></dd> <dt>New Zealand</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">Auckland</a></dd> <dt>South Africa</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">Cape Town</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pretoria" title="University of Pretoria">Pretoria</a></dd> <dt>Switzerland</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lausanne" title="University of Lausanne">Lausanne</a></dd> <dt>Taiwan</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Cheng_Kung_University" title="National Cheng Kung University">Cheng Kung</a></dd> <dt>Thailand</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mahidol_University" title="Mahidol University">Mahidol</a></dd> <dt>Uganda</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Makerere_University" title="Makerere University">Makerere</a></dd> <dt>United Kingdom</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></dd> <dt>United States</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rochester" title="University of Rochester">Rochester</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Association_of_American_Universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Association_of_American_Universities" title="Template:Association of American Universities"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona" title="University of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State</a></li> <li>California <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis" title="University of California, Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">Irvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside" title="University of California, Riverside">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego" title="University of California, San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Cruz" title="University of California, Santa Cruz">Santa Cruz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder" title="University of Colorado Boulder">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Institute of Technology">Georgia Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Bloomington" title="Indiana University Bloomington">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kansas" title="University of Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri" title="University of Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li>New York <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_at_Buffalo" title="University at Buffalo">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oregon" title="University of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" title="Purdue University">Purdue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Florida" title="University of South Florida">South Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University">Texas A&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Utah" title="University of Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandeis_University" title="Brandeis University">Brandeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">Caltech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_University" title="Emory University">Emory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_University" title="George Washington University">George Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">Notre Dame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">NYU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">Penn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_University" title="Rice University">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rochester" title="University of Rochester">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufts_University" title="Tufts University">Tufts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulane_University" title="Tulane University">Tulane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Public_Ivy_universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_Ivy" title="Template:Public Ivy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_Ivy" title="Template talk:Public Ivy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_Ivy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public Ivy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_Ivy_universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Public_Ivy" title="Public Ivy">Public Ivy universities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Richard Moll's 1985 list</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Original eight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary" title="College of William & Mary">William and Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_University" title="Miami University">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vermont" title="University of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Worthy runners-up"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binghamton_University" title="Binghamton University">Binghamton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder" title="University of Colorado Boulder">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Tech" title="Georgia Tech">Georgia Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College_of_Florida" title="New College of Florida">New College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Penn State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Greenes' Guides 2001 list</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binghamton_University" title="Binghamton University">Binghamton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Connecticut" title="University of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Delaware" title="University of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Penn State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vermont" title="University of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary" title="College of William & Mary">William and Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona" title="University of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis" title="University of California, Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">Irvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego" title="University of California, San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">Santa Barbara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder" title="University of Colorado Boulder">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Bloomington" title="Indiana University Bloomington">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_University" title="Miami University">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Schools_of_veterinary_medicine_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Veterinary_schools_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Veterinary schools in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Veterinary_schools_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Veterinary schools in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Veterinary_schools_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Veterinary schools in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Schools_of_veterinary_medicine_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_of_veterinary_medicine_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of schools of veterinary medicine in the United States">Schools of veterinary medicine in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auburn_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona" title="University of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UC_Davis_School_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine">California–Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_State_University" title="Colorado State University">Colorado State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine">Cornell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummings_School_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIUC_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="UIUC College of Veterinary Medicine">Illinois Urbana–Champaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_State_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine">Iowa State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_State_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine">Kansas State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Memorial_University" title="Lincoln Memorial University">Lincoln Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_University" title="Louisiana State University">Louisiana State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine">Michigan State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_University" title="Midwestern University">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_State_University" title="Mississippi State University">Mississippi State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine">North Carolina State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_State_University" title="Oklahoma State University">Oklahoma State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_University" title="Oregon State University">Oregon State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_School_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine">Purdue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee" title="University of Tennessee">Tennessee–Knoxville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University">Texas A&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_University" title="Texas Tech University">Texas Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_University" title="Tuskegee University">Tuskegee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia%E2%80%93Maryland_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine">Virginia–Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine">Washington State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_University_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine" title="Western University College of Veterinary Medicine">WesternU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin">Wisconsin–Madison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838330#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838330#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838330#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121673675">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/138019887">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/549815/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/39668-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80126277">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11984075c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11984075c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35965209">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003162162&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20021220003&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX109973">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90239815">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000584470&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB202015767">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810626351005606">Poland</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/6637">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007269383305171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058613020306706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/2875c6a5-a21c-45ec-8529-4a3d300154be">MusicBrainz place</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01453769?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500302305">ULAN</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1165828">Trove</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02789763X">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6tg0m67">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/30002332">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin–Madison&oldid=1259998083">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin–Madison&oldid=1259998083</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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