CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913630abdacb5d38',cH: '_jUZGkSnAhlYg.akgJU7o7tAkXqW0RI2HyYZ2simNeY-1739799635-1.2.1.1-lHMelXGaL07mCE2TqEB4MRPUuHTV.CHWQWDCmx5APhwWjomntEQf39oPWMfnbGDd',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/55056\/parametric-analysis-and-optimal-design-of-functionally-graded-plates-using-particle-swarm-optimization-algorithm-and-a-hybrid-meshless-method?__cf_chl_tk=mv2Gv7Nnw2snj_NWedSMEs8HmjB_LyWOhkWkX6GdfOA-1739799635-1.0.1.1-Qr.l.Nq1l7lPg1zCgnNaUmwFQkPV.AJRPODl70Qz_LU",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739799635',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/55056\/parametric-analysis-and-optimal-design-of-functionally-graded-plates-using-particle-swarm-optimization-algorithm-and-a-hybrid-meshless-method?__cf_chl_f_tk=mv2Gv7Nnw2snj_NWedSMEs8HmjB_LyWOhkWkX6GdfOA-1739799635-1.0.1.1-Qr.l.Nq1l7lPg1zCgnNaUmwFQkPV.AJRPODl70Qz_LU",md: "9s4r9ZglhpCpA.zxtND9S7qZO0MGNu2Th1LWbBQo978-1739799635-1.2.1.1-zNKnHc_oH7YcEyp4u5rvJK8pKeshi9dRMbzzVJ0kH5596FLmMrRgnGCql5PQXa6sI3UuKhue8ZUG.iCXMpKNQfI4YtpCEus7_c11jFyAf5_XYNaVwFkGIBx.vErQDYbkNh5PzaeOGAhUOToj2t.IHmNtpU_x4AfFraAa2CZro2WP8InZatxeiPmPxsFFODmE0RQQv_A2GYfB5HsXy7_781yLdmIv29JSC5rXYYSNyy3MRLCSaGF04O_QCrlHnkpnSY3Z8PXtSgzB.8JkkVRpjACZT78X5VHCm9eWlnNEFTrW1vMPsmdD0IQ8NOrftub.7c23f_fiFAFVUC4YjCGoSozzquAmk8NJlRQ04.dIAztx9lK.8PEzALBQe0pDBE76NQJcKt44M4l7t8lq0ofdo6Edglvmxa7Z3RB7KkcUseAXJ0SKASVgVZOpGf7qSL1fuCBwOO0wq_PTj7SeAowzM1EQhwy1UWrd18OpGdUREE7m7JLnn0gEgh3WLsiSbO_VLCZExpZZeb213ITjt49UXvhumEcNNb5We1HZ_ITiEfxw6PVrpjEjihjTQ8xyqUicGuHtAP6JfisHT7MSRRFkRC13efGgwXY6lT8aPYWCxqYcRhen7cSVDa2HHuVH8FRNxeHTq5SGFemmj6o7GMlzE._JXRLEQxdcmWJL6enOPOJfbdPbEc5OgY2ErNyIPAQuj.5psHOAjTnBFDgrzOJ5LVa.7gz95nOtXFnTShm8S9Bt5oZD1fXmcO3zXWgzluxrYz5kgtgbucGvArSUvUGEsSXHg4eHtSq8t4RSvFGTGxfwSxM5RWa1QLlUVmNLgJCdeBL83TCsOH4Rrdx638Z8FejHrquuaoD.8NLBtfIZ_kDiJp_id_s66gRs2j3SjeiNsWiLwPgQXt4wQvcsdhpbpbKLJ1UDWzAYeFD05F5Y85849cTfiiPN3dmmoT3upj6aEFdJ6ZZ8bKbtY9u99nSUSUCcBL23uBtYCf1YMkgK84I3QA.BwY54M1Nw9fgBjal9Vy_DZTK5kQnmrMkcbSyPkUyj3zvFFG.6ekhYIUIDjwWCdpnTdjIo_dVSc.8E2W6b_2vIJOm2wc.SWv.CHyrHginl8TqCToCvabTA1j6PoIal3SxpCxU4g3xxrTV8BDVWsUew4XeeiTpSYuWUvflHzIRkA8bjDMnwGArksx6xxrbS0rRHL3SKZg7nznjSccgFVymvm.CPq6s3MBcs_L8gtALhxxAS_ptfNiCn3Rlgwh2zYaUAlscuib6PaC2qMAhbBxs9xwMUIvQWlNeTF1A37igzIPRU9qypWs5vsezsqJp5JCA8J21JOKZFuWChXdGRBhu_5EVRq2nqiddVkRTQ3Wi9culROYjcwSZoA5GDh_hGDrBCNzsVCKjFxWm3O5kRCJNtsadN.aBAe7ko31Rdg30b1lgSDr94.xDr9xZkz2LqKgKM27kSWFXJDBZMCtyU0CzBA5Bswlu4V19TGFQAI8IBmMrchlvoHSbwkpv2PxsxrgaMRQj1ij3L01eJOIFXApcRZpFZ9LoaiQ.w6IRcF8QfrxNud3Yvs9lGYz.RRlsMszoFAApSzssc1hN_8azb8iH5pZwXVvH77i9NhX32iCfkZfYmw2l1TQOAlCTcJsfTrJ3x5Sb9zq9LJrDsXVVG91j5VNzjyCsqaGMwL8RxTwnFyycHjYvm3zzLinQuULcbx3Jg1bRQxOem1pHfXBkWRfI_foTLeSBVSDOp84IVd6eqyzuaGElKiBYcMvk5IYq7bxGyRBaGJRX4ap_49Kw8_zstxcjcMFIKPyzRcenHRJxnUwZhQMTr_gUudUDTHsDgIAseX2huu4WMV9HS3nUp7peYw.GLvNV5GTnSLGUeSL80qkM_iM0p36sJ80XtYzw_zsjxCBrV6E7.0p0GZYFMaMn_3hO0htm.i48ugkkrmWllml4WEYRwdKbBYKVON8upwjOxwc4_yeeI0t48jjUosG_9vDgSm2m_ViC8dnZng.PoM1utl8pk76wqPZie8OFR3paU33kDLiT1DFEII_jDF.mSzJIVA02SeqOL3fHGUafwRnN4QT.2u8tsVRPctWzXN0eYUhngK.wkDoPrSwvvlLe6Iis8A3F5yzh35AA2L1yMJioaK8Rn.s7GIB7eAW7C4OWBChhuS7N9Q6NyOYFaWHTxQQQ0tz5Y4MRZj9ClrE4CXAOzlbx4bry.LprUxjVETR7HFYs4IOxb9723OlZzOmvV_EC0lwvvBqAq0Xco0ykMJjtR.DManFcKPFMeVh0",mdrd: "GojOctjFfbZYpGZDZ2GBL5b.lSkXiNNtrfvpxSQvO9E-1739799635-1.2.1.1-haQO4Fn5ipwY7ZoccUupv2z3nGfHla99G4sLrun4zZt1jESsdCddkGvh03Dr48mk9vbD4kZT7s7V8zbORVcE5N4KLEqlg2drP6Db5aJhKE7pQSmETnGwE8TrzwXRDLEL.JRTz5Gut9uNNm3eanMCTHnZNXjSEHmVyD9vup44o77rkxbsvXq7LimcJm_uNhJVOpnK4zTwSNcZZq4ZSwPXQqncMwi5m7PMfGXjt80CNPtYEQn_PpLsYPL5kD664BQTRWqzTeISqicL5vzdenvMljjQukM9FskW_LR2y7pEjWT1zwbCQw7G7Fdhyd31kWZWflGixgwb5i2iejIRZuxIlokF1Hdx0p.zobnp1gC_cmtNFBS9f.S_KFhfk9eiiC6q13HMeouKe5gyWeg8NYFeQFbUqPFGlpeVKLjdg2VbkrnmFOw42RP0e.G0BYKPOniiI9xSOXEdi1vi7dBHo3UYYy0ENSjiYOJ1m.R4ID7FB0uzmRYMKqmgCkIXyDVJwJ6oUaRX8zwVRuzQ3jzW4CsKDpadkKphh17nkvi.JnCG2JAzChuVCpWEasSz.pyxKl_ElBI.eLuj0oAv7SnVEMwEkVrON9NDPkJ3rf_a_1YauXLcSybVd8k8bLfBdoSIeS0ISwUPqKdmK_iHPKkI5W2e_yrBWGeQ912guTBpCH4pC007BYgq.JZsFZfjrqrjVdfw7PAUnawfblGR9mKTrD_Wfqe0MXmuSE333sUNFsKbI.zpurjvbwfox8GhRiqB_0i1DeW.R9ur69QbX_1rdBmwYc.DXXDRYCSmae6ff8QBiI3nBbK_ijcRoRE2W_wi5mmx8l_0CmMxbw7sSlMRrrd2JapZF_cFJq5z3AxaYpvGX4_UhlxDhUT1sduKZfrOfxsjnytx3lVWcjNAVJAZYX0kPku4Va6NEWVl0hdVQDoHXwuEjw8LtOHU_jmwyqjyVeIhdDCY2DNqLCgq84KmlEpLEziutG4oS1Zy9GK3jWnO7Hzw22UnDzJ7A9XlsRbu4Y.ejk05G_I8ESUVzncxIIbCpFnbD4EobdeDQKUx0nNrqr5jNF82NtY8Dn_fDbq4VjoF2uaBfubkwK3LXRWdhSBlMEnsE3pqq4Y43xBpo2lroGKO4Pd8GO6yJEBmTozGzNHyxIx5cIWm6TazGJkMemy7eYhO.As1Hj7cAvuVH0qaq7ItjM2jHOnk0OuTHlvB.p9MA3zOaCUpBQM0rPEicPnIUc1Vg3V9z3p7Gy4DmJVQkhg160MeerYgU4tqPaX7A1MG_NwI__TuyNcI2wyXV4mi4eMoLOCkJO0oOYbpBkCovWixlhH2ENKcl7vKYBw5Hibg1jOhksy1g1p4qMl3eAy0FRQJJtFXLU3oIKciK7X0xUNbX6xmqt6pMeAaynU.QjIAhlzxyk6Y8QraGPgZDpdijOTXMNGV5WHOc0qrHJ.9ME2_mAVUuYiZ4WHsgJgE_XHVCdXb2.c26hEaxzLEkAWK__yvQPtrHzpe67zVmStsoq9Mdf7U1Ksu_xV0EJAiCTPK0zA82JWc8P2JrmN.l49k5IyszGzjToVMh5BAyAdB5tOQpyJwtuKTLN5GKcZkRqM5roD2am_sv0.OTlzK8kVcM5t0kdhaoKfCPt.lDIHEAp8u0j.KCm9jY8gNpYdZYk3FQ23I0_BLIJQ7rxU1jONtcfWcwp_kQR5PZtIWBr9c0MzKtZ_Mlv0eoaZzuj49mW2zo555JWwapO9cHC02h9nlorra3_YWPjRpNNTdyRXSPc8xXsruz2IMhAyEN_X2t2fBnxVQVxww1mRiR1m88eWzgQswQg6ST6cCS5xzeW_ldBCzT5AS5YBdLb7qSLJ5ILLE9lX5lAbuXwy42Q3mma_WZh7FCW41ZVOghoqML9XJC72.Lc4bRTRsqP4mrEwTONC9Hrwp19PS3LOoq0eIEmdtEhiPBle9wN0ndLT2j9m1FQZuGWqNMCubKdvCjnnrgmlDXcTR.YrXY8X5xjLk3iziug"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913630abdacb5d38';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/55056\/parametric-analysis-and-optimal-design-of-functionally-graded-plates-using-particle-swarm-optimization-algorithm-and-a-hybrid-meshless-method?__cf_chl_rt_tk=mv2Gv7Nnw2snj_NWedSMEs8HmjB_LyWOhkWkX6GdfOA-1739799635-1.0.1.1-Qr.l.Nq1l7lPg1zCgnNaUmwFQkPV.AJRPODl70Qz_LU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>