CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Claire McCardell - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8450a1bc-77c6-4845-8570-948ae08529f3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Claire_McCardell","wgTitle":"Claire McCardell","wgCurRevisionId":1259861648,"wgRevisionId":1259861648,"wgArticleId":4243879,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Webarchive template wayback links","1905 births","1958 deaths","Parsons School of Design alumni","Hood College alumni","American fashion designers","People from Frederick, Maryland","Burials at Mount Olivet Cemetery (Frederick, Maryland)"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Claire_McCardell","wgRelevantArticleId":4243879,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2975089","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.21"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1581"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1054"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="843"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Claire McCardell - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Claire_McCardell rootpage-Claire_McCardell skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Claire+McCardell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Claire+McCardell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Claire+McCardell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Claire+McCardell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s_and_1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s_and_1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>1930s and 1940s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s_and_1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>1950s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legacy and influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics_of_McCardell_designs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics_of_McCardell_designs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Characteristics of McCardell designs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characteristics_of_McCardell_designs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Claire McCardell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%9C" title="קלייר מקרדל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קלייר מקרדל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB" title="クレア・マッカーデル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クレア・マッカーデル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="Claire McCardell – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Claire McCardell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2975089#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Claire_McCardell" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Claire_McCardell" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Claire_McCardell"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Claire_McCardell"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Claire_McCardell" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Claire_McCardell" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&oldid=1259861648" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Claire_McCardell&id=1259861648&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FClaire_McCardell"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FClaire_McCardell"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Claire_McCardell&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Claire_McCardell" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2975089" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American fashion designer (1905–1958)</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME,_May_2_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg/220px-Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg/330px-Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>American fashion designer Claire McCardell surrounded by models wearing her designs, <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>, 2 May 1955</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Claire McCardell</b> (May 24, 1905 – March 22, 1958) was an American <a href="/wiki/Fashion_design" title="Fashion design">fashion designer</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">ready-to-wear</a> clothing in the twentieth century. She is credited with the creation of <a href="/wiki/American_sportswear" class="mw-redirect" title="American sportswear">American sportswear</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McCardell was the eldest of four children born to Eleanor and Adrian McCardell in <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick, Maryland</a>. Adrian was a Maryland <a href="/wiki/State_senator" title="State senator">state senator</a> and president of the Frederick County National Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a child, McCardell earned the nickname "Kick" for her ability to keep the boys from pushing her around.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fascinated by fashion from a young age, McCardell wanted to move to New York City to study fashion design at age 16. Unwilling to send a teenager so far away, McCardell's father convinced her to enroll in the home economics program at <a href="/wiki/Hood_College" title="Hood College">Hood College</a> instead. After two years of study in Maryland, McCardell moved to New York and enrolled in <a href="/wiki/Parsons_The_New_School_for_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsons The New School for Design">Parsons</a> (then known as the New York School of Fine and Applied Art). In 1927, McCardell went to Paris, continuing her studies at the Parsons branch school at the <a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Paris, McCardell and her classmates were able to purchase samples by couturiers such as <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet" title="Madeleine Vionnet">Madeleine Vionnet</a> that they took apart in order to study their structure.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McCardell graduated from Parsons with a certificate in costume design in 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduation, she worked odd jobs sketching at a fashionable dress shop,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> painting flowers on paper lamp shades, and acting as a fit model for <a href="/wiki/B._Altman_and_Company" title="B. Altman and Company">B. Altman</a>. Then she met designer Robert Turk.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1930s_and_1940s">1930s and 1940s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1930s and 1940s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Late in 1930, McCardell began working as an assistant designer for Robert Turk.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon afterward, Turk moved to a larger company, Townley Frocks, and brought McCardell with him. In 1932, Turk drowned and Claire was asked to finish his fall line.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 27-year-old chief designer soon traveled to Paris for inspiration, as did most American designers. Not interested in copying European high fashion, McCardell searched for inspiration in art and street fashion. During the 1930s, she began to show innovations such as sashes, spaghetti string ties, and the use of menswear details that would become part of her design signature.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1938, she modernized the <a href="/wiki/Dirndl" title="Dirndl">dirndl</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also pioneered matching separates.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg/250px-Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg/330px-Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg/500px-Sunburn-brown_jersey_beachware_designed_by_Claire_McCardell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3188" data-file-height="4146" /></a><figcaption>Beachwear designed by McCardell circa 1948</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1938, Claire McCardell introduced the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monastic_Dress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monastic Dress (page does not exist)">Monastic Dress</a></i>, a bias-cut tentlike dress.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had no seamed waist and hung loosely, but with a versatile belt it could be adapted to hug a woman's curves gracefully.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Best & Co. exclusively sold the dress for $29.95 and it sold out in a day.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Monastic Dress" was widely copied and the cost of trying to stop knock-offs drove Townley Frocks out of business.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the closure of Townley Frocks, <a href="/wiki/Hattie_Carnegie" title="Hattie Carnegie">Hattie Carnegie</a> hired McCardell to work for her famed dressmaking firm, but her designs were not successful with Carnegie's clients, who were in search of more elaborate merchandise.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While working for Hattie Carnegie, McCardell met <a href="/wiki/Diana_Vreeland" title="Diana Vreeland">Diana Vreeland</a> (then at <i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a></i>). She would become McCardell's lifelong friend and champion.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1940, just before leaving Carnegie, McCardell attended her last Parisian <a href="/wiki/Fashion_show" title="Fashion show">fashion show</a>, preferring from then on to avoid any French influence on her clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Townley Frocks reopened in 1940 under new management and McCardell returned to the brand. The company's labels then read, "Claire McCardell Clothes by Townley", making her one of the first American designers to have <a href="/wiki/Name_recognition" title="Name recognition">name recognition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> cut American designers off from European inspiration and limited the availability of some materials. McCardell flourished under these restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although many designers considered them too basic, McCardell already worked with fabrics such as <a href="/wiki/Denim" title="Denim">denim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calico" title="Calico">calico</a>, and wool jersey that were easily available during the war.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She popularized the ballet flat when, responding to the shortage of leather, McCardell commissioned <a href="/wiki/Capezio" title="Capezio">Capezio</a> to produce a range of ballet flats to match her designs.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the government announced a surplus of weather balloon cotton materials in 1944, McCardell quickly bought them up, using them to design clothes that patriotic American women wore with pride.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1941, McCardell produced a line of separates that made nine outfits from five pieces. The pieces included a taffeta skirt, a jersey top, and a jersey jacket.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, she showed her first "Kitchen Dinner Dress". Made of cotton, the "Kitchen Dinner Dress" had a full skirt with an attached apron.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1942, McCardell created her famed "<a href="/wiki/Popover_(dress)" title="Popover (dress)">Popover Dress</a>". It was a response to a Harper's Bazaar challenge to create something fashionable one could wear to clean the house and then, wear to a cocktail party. The simple grey dress came with a matching potholder that fit into the dress pocket.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Popover Dress" sold for $6.95 <sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and more than 75,000 were sold in the first season alone.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These dresses became a staple of McCardell collections and over time, she made versions in different lengths and fabrics.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Popover Dress" received a citation from the American Fashion Critics Association and in 1943, McCardell won a <a href="/wiki/Coty_Award" title="Coty Award">Coty Award</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_(52691).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg/220px-Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg/330px-Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg/440px-Claire_McCardell_dress_at_the_Met_%2852691%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2667" data-file-height="4238" /></a><figcaption>Dress by McCardell from 1943 at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in the exhibit <i>In America: A Lexicon of Fashion</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Beginning in 1945, McCardell was featured as an "American Look" designer by Lord & Taylor's department store.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1946, McCardell won the Best Sportswear Designer Award and in 1948 she won the Neiman-Marcus Award.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1950s">1950s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As McCardell's fame grew, her influence within Townley also rose. In 1952, she became a partner in the company.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war, McCardell worked as a volunteer critic in the fashion design department at Parsons.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1950, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bess_Truman" title="Bess Truman">Bess Truman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Truman" title="Margaret Truman">Margaret Truman</a> presented McCardell with a <i>Woman of the Year</i> Award from the Women's National Press Club.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the award McCardell cherished most.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1953, the <a href="/wiki/Frank_Perls" title="Frank Perls">Frank Perls</a> Gallery in Beverly Hills launched a retrospective exhibition of twenty years of McCardell's garments.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibit included the "Monastic Dress", the "Diaper Bathing Suit", <a href="/wiki/Capezio" title="Capezio">Capezio</a> ballet flats, and work-wear-inspired pieces with <a href="/wiki/Rivet" title="Rivet">rivets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his introduction to the exhibit, retailer <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Marcus" title="Stanley Marcus">Stanley Marcus</a> wrote, "...she is one of the truly creative designers this country has produced... She is to America what <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet" title="Madeleine Vionnet">Vionnet</a> was to France."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1954, she worked on an advisory panel formed by Time Inc. to create a new magazine that would become <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>'s May 2, 1955, issue.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A book entitled <i>What Shall I Wear? The What, Where, When, and How Much of Fashion</i> was published in 1957<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under McCardell's name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943, McCardell married the <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>-born architect, Irving Drought Harris, who had two children by an earlier marriage,<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established a home base in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. </p><p>McCardell's life and work were cut short by a diagnosis of terminal <a href="/wiki/Colon_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Colon cancer">colon cancer</a> in 1957. With the help of long-time friend and classmate, Mildred Orrick, McCardell completed her final collection from her hospital bed. She checked out of the hospital in order to make the introductions for her final runway show. McCardell died on March 22, 1958, at the age of 52, a year after her diagnosis.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was buried at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olivet_Cemetery_(Frederick,_Maryland)" title="Mount Olivet Cemetery (Frederick, Maryland)">Mount Olivet Cemetery</a> in Frederick.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her death, McCardell's family decided to close the label. Her brother explained, "It wasn't that difficult [to close the label]. Claire's ideas were always her own."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_influence">Legacy and influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy and influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor" title="Lord & Taylor">Lord & Taylor</a> re-issued the "Popover Dress" as part of a McCardell retrospective at their Fifth Avenue store in Manhattan.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Versions of the "Popover Dress" are held by the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_School_of_Design" title="Rhode Island School of Design">Rhode Island School of Design</a>, and the Museum at F.I.T.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Versions of the "Monastic Dress" are held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art and <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art" title="Los Angeles County Museum of Art">LACMA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> named McCardell one of the 100 most important Americans of the twentieth century.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year later, she was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Maryland Women's Hall of Fame">Maryland Women's Hall of Fame</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, forty years after her death, three separate retrospectives of Claire McCardell's work were staged at <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, F.I.T., and the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Historical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Historical Society">Maryland Historical Society</a> in Baltimore.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fashion designers such as <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Mizrahi" title="Isaac Mizrahi">Isaac Mizrahi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donna_Karan" title="Donna Karan">Donna Karan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Klein" title="Calvin Klein">Calvin Klein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norma_Kamali" title="Norma Kamali">Norma Kamali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Rowley" title="Cynthia Rowley">Cynthia Rowley</a> all have been influenced by McCardell.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anna_Sui" title="Anna Sui">Anna Sui</a>'s line of spring-summer 1999 was directly inspired by her work.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of McCardell's work Anna Sui said, "What I truly appreciate was her fabric sensibility, even with more constructed fabrics like denim. She made them all look so soft and drapy. The halters she did were so modern. The thing is, you look at some of the things she did, and you can't believe it was the 40s.''<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the Frederick Art Club launched the Claire McCardell Project to underwrite the creation and installation of a larger-than-life bronze statue of McCardell in her hometown of Frederick, Maryland. The club commissioned award-winning sculptor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Hempel_Irani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarah Hempel Irani (page does not exist)">Sarah Hempel Irani</a> for this monumental task and, thanks to community support, reached its fundraising goal in less than two years. In October 2021, the statue will be placed on a granite pedestal in an elegant garden setting in Frederick's Carroll Creek Park.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics_of_McCardell_designs">Characteristics of McCardell designs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Characteristics of McCardell designs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1938 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/97501">Monastic dress</a> - a bias-cut, tent-shaped garment with dolman sleeves, belted with spaghetti ties that wrap multiple times around the waist to create shape</li> <li>1942 <a href="/wiki/Popover_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Popover dress">Popover dress</a> - versatile wrap dress with patch pockets and wide dolman sleeves that could be "popped" over other clothes and used as a housedress; also worn as a dressing gown or party dress <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Diaper bathing suit - made of light cotton with a panel that wrapped up between the legs, and was secured by thin strings<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Streamlined wool bathing suits</li> <li>Pockets in everything from capris to evening gowns</li> <li>Ballet slippers as everyday footwear<sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Trouser pockets and pleats in women's wear</li> <li>Zippers on the side instead of the back, enabling women to dress without assistance</li> <li>Revealing sundresses and casual wear<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fabric draping and gathering to accentuate the natural shape of the body<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Use of common, natural-fiber fabrics such as cotton, twill, gingham, denim, and jersey in a variety of garments, not just as day wear<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elimination of highly structured undergarments such as corsets, crinolines, and girdles</li> <li>Use of rivets and other work clothes fasteners<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGunnCalhoun2013" class="citation book cs1">Gunn, Tim; Calhoun, Ada (2013-09-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pWG9AAAAQBAJ"><i>Tim Gunn's Fashion Bible: The Fascinating History of Everything in Your Closet</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451643862" title="Special:BookSources/9781451643862"><bdi>9781451643862</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tim+Gunn%27s+Fashion+Bible%3A+The+Fascinating+History+of+Everything+in+Your+Closet&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2013-09-03&rft.isbn=9781451643862&rft.aulast=Gunn&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=Calhoun%2C+Ada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpWG9AAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/013500/013581/html/13581bio.html">"Claire McCardell, MSA SC 3520-13581"</a>. <i>msa.maryland.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=msa.maryland.gov&rft.atitle=Claire+McCardell%2C+MSA+SC+3520-13581&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsa.maryland.gov%2Fmegafile%2Fmsa%2Fspeccol%2Fsc3500%2Fsc3520%2F013500%2F013581%2Fhtml%2F13581bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/1998/10/04/thoroughly-modern-mccardell-designer-frederick-native-claire-mccardell-started-a-fashion-revolution-in-the-1930s-now-her-legacy-is-being-celebrated-in-a-book-a-gallery-and-a-retrospective-show/">"Thoroughly modern McCardell Designer: Frederick native Claire McCardell started a fashion revolution in the 1930s. Now, her legacy is being celebrated in a book, a gallery and a retrospective show"</a>. 4 October 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thoroughly+modern+McCardell+Designer%3A+Frederick+native+Claire+McCardell+started+a+fashion+revolution+in+the+1930s.+Now%2C+her+legacy+is+being+celebrated+in+a+book%2C+a+gallery+and+a+retrospective+show.&rft.date=1998-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2F1998%2F10%2F04%2Fthoroughly-modern-mccardell-designer-frederick-native-claire-mccardell-started-a-fashion-revolution-in-the-1930s-now-her-legacy-is-being-celebrated-in-a-book-a-gallery-and-a-retrospective-show%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/1999/08/07/claire-mccardell-and-the-american-look-designer-at-a-time-when-the-fashion-world-looked-to-paris-this-frederick-native-looked-away-marylanders-of-the-century/">"Claire McCardell and the American look"</a>. 7 August 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Claire+McCardell+and+the+American+look&rft.date=1999-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2F1999%2F08%2F07%2Fclaire-mccardell-and-the-american-look-designer-at-a-time-when-the-fashion-world-looked-to-paris-this-frederick-native-looked-away-marylanders-of-the-century%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFHunt-HurstLeeDoering2015" class="citation book cs1">F, José Blanco; Hunt-Hurst, Patricia Kay; Lee, Heather Vaughan; Doering, Mary (2015-11-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hDkVCwAAQBAJ"><i>Clothing and Fashion: American Fashion from Head to Toe</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781610693103" title="Special:BookSources/9781610693103"><bdi>9781610693103</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Clothing+and+Fashion%3A+American+Fashion+from+Head+to+Toe&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2015-11-23&rft.isbn=9781610693103&rft.aulast=F&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Blanco&rft.au=Hunt-Hurst%2C+Patricia+Kay&rft.au=Lee%2C+Heather+Vaughan&rft.au=Doering%2C+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhDkVCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPolanTredre2009" class="citation book cs1">Polan, Brenda; Tredre, Roger (2009-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6nevAwAAQBAJ"><i>The Great Fashion Designers</i></a>. Berg. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857851741" title="Special:BookSources/9780857851741"><bdi>9780857851741</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Fashion+Designers&rft.pub=Berg&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.isbn=9780857851741&rft.aulast=Polan&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.au=Tredre%2C+Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6nevAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTortoraEubank2009" class="citation book cs1">Tortora, Phyllis G.; Eubank, Keith (2009-06-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qXqXBgAAQBAJ"><i>Survey of Historic Costume Study Guide</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781609012212" title="Special:BookSources/9781609012212"><bdi>9781609012212</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+Historic+Costume+Study+Guide&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+USA&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.isbn=9781609012212&rft.aulast=Tortora&rft.aufirst=Phyllis+G.&rft.au=Eubank%2C+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqXqXBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dickinson, Elizabeth Evitts, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/magazine/wp/2018/12/12/feature/the-designer-who-radically-suggested-that-women-should-wear-whats-comfortable/?noredirect=on&wpisrc=nl_evening&wpmm=1">A Dress for Everyone</a></i>, The Washington Post Magazine, December 12, 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFields2007" class="citation book cs1">Fields, Jill (2007-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oWGmDiI3UTYC"><i>An Intimate Affair: Women, Lingerie, and Sexuality</i></a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520223691" title="Special:BookSources/9780520223691"><bdi>9780520223691</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Intimate+Affair%3A+Women%2C+Lingerie%2C+and+Sexuality&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft.isbn=9780520223691&rft.aulast=Fields&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoWGmDiI3UTYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160811090835/http://fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu/view/people/asitem/items$0040:6603/0?t:state:flow=15b6a997-616f-4351-9701-3da5d72e8211">"The Museum at FIT - Online Collections"</a>. <i>fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu/view/people/asitem/items$0040:6603/0?t:state:flow=15b6a997-616f-4351-9701-3da5d72e8211">the original</a> on 2016-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu&rft.atitle=The+Museum+at+FIT+-+Online+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu%2Fview%2Fpeople%2Fasitem%2Fitems%240040%3A6603%2F0%3Ft%3Astate%3Aflow%3D15b6a997-616f-4351-9701-3da5d72e8211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhite1998" class="citation news cs1">White, Constance C. R. (1998-11-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/17/style/celebrating-claire-mccardell.html">"Celebrating Claire McCardell"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Celebrating+Claire+McCardell&rft.date=1998-11-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Constance+C.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F11%2F17%2Fstyle%2Fcelebrating-claire-mccardell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCondra2008" class="citation book cs1">Condra, Jill (2008-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q6FI2czFz6MC"><i>The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Clothing Through World History: 1801 to the present</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313336652" title="Special:BookSources/9780313336652"><bdi>9780313336652</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Greenwood+Encyclopedia+of+Clothing+Through+World+History%3A+1801+to+the+present&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=9780313336652&rft.aulast=Condra&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq6FI2czFz6MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.augusta-auction.com/list-of-past-auctions-by-date?view=lot&id=556&auction_file_id=3">"Auctions by Date"</a>. <i>www.augusta-auction.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.augusta-auction.com&rft.atitle=Auctions+by+Date&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.augusta-auction.com%2Flist-of-past-auctions-by-date%3Fview%3Dlot%26id%3D556%26auction_file_id%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.newschool.edu/archives/findingaids/KA0082.html">"Guide to the Claire McCardell fashion sketches, 1931-1958"</a>. <i>New School Libraries and Archives</i>. New School University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+School+Libraries+and+Archives&rft.atitle=Guide+to+the+Claire+McCardell+fashion+sketches%2C+1931-1958&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.newschool.edu%2Farchives%2Ffindingaids%2FKA0082.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKennedyStoehrerCalderin2013" class="citation book cs1">Kennedy, Alicia; Stoehrer, Emily Banis; Calderin, Jay (2013-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=76p1khskZK4C"><i>Fashion Design, Referenced: A Visual Guide to the History, Language, and Practice of Fashion</i></a>. Rockport Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781592536771" title="Special:BookSources/9781592536771"><bdi>9781592536771</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fashion+Design%2C+Referenced%3A+A+Visual+Guide+to+the+History%2C+Language%2C+and+Practice+of+Fashion&rft.pub=Rockport+Publishers&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.isbn=9781592536771&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Alicia&rft.au=Stoehrer%2C+Emily+Banis&rft.au=Calderin%2C+Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D76p1khskZK4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCo1997" class="citation book cs1">Co, Turner Publishing (1997-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VDxaNHLBlRgC"><i>Reliable Sources: The National Press Club in the American Century</i></a>. Turner Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781563113758" title="Special:BookSources/9781563113758"><bdi>9781563113758</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reliable+Sources%3A+The+National+Press+Club+in+the+American+Century&rft.pub=Turner+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.isbn=9781563113758&rft.aulast=Co&rft.aufirst=Turner+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVDxaNHLBlRgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYohannan1998" class="citation book cs1">Yohannan, Kohle (1998-10-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GmFAAQAAIAAJ"><i>Claire Mccardell</i></a>. Harry N. Abrams. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810943759" title="Special:BookSources/9780810943759"><bdi>9780810943759</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Claire+Mccardell&rft.pub=Harry+N.+Abrams&rft.date=1998-10-15&rft.isbn=9780810943759&rft.aulast=Yohannan&rft.aufirst=Kohle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGmFAAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarcus2001" class="citation book cs1">Marcus, Stanley (2001-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZWNRmz3E1H4C"><i>Minding the Store</i></a>. University of North Texas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781574411393" title="Special:BookSources/9781574411393"><bdi>9781574411393</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minding+the+Store&rft.pub=University+of+North+Texas+Press&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.isbn=9781574411393&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZWNRmz3E1H4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19550502,00.html">"TIME Magazine Cover: Claire McCardell - May 2, 1955"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=TIME+Magazine+Cover%3A+Claire+McCardell+-+May+2%2C+1955&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fcovers%2F0%2C16641%2C19550502%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.mht.maryland.gov/medusa/PDF/Frederick/F-3-274.pdf">"Mount Olivet Cemetery"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Maryland Historical Trust</i>. 2019-02-26. p. 7<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Historical+Trust&rft.atitle=Mount+Olivet+Cemetery&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.mht.maryland.gov%2Fmedusa%2FPDF%2FFrederick%2FF-3-274.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KuQCAAAAMBAJ"><i>New York Magazine</i></a>. New York Media, LLC. 1981-03-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.pub=New+York+Media%2C+LLC&rft.date=1981-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKuQCAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/C.I.45.71.2ab/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Pop-over" | C.I.45.71.2ab | Work of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art"</a>. <i>The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Met%E2%80%99s+Heilbrunn+Timeline+of+Art+History&rft.atitle=%22Pop-over%22+%7C+C.I.45.71.2ab+%7C+Work+of+Art+%7C+Heilbrunn+Timeline+of+Art+History+%7C+The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fworks-of-art%2FC.I.45.71.2ab%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://risdmuseum.org/art_design/objects/6143_popover_dress">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Popover" Dress – Objects - RISD MUSEUM"</a>. <i>risdmuseum.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=risdmuseum.org&rft.atitle=%22Popover%22+Dress+%E2%80%93+Objects+-+RISD+MUSEUM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frisdmuseum.org%2Fart_design%2Fobjects%2F6143_popover_dress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160811083617/http://fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu/view/objects/asitem/People$00406603/4/dynasty-desc?t:state:flow=26aea269-a8b0-43fd-88bc-26da4d0fa8da">"The Museum at FIT - Online Collections"</a>. <i>fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu/view/objects/asitem/People$00406603/4/dynasty-desc?t:state:flow=26aea269-a8b0-43fd-88bc-26da4d0fa8da">the original</a> on 2016-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu&rft.atitle=The+Museum+at+FIT+-+Online+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashionmuseum.fitnyc.edu%2Fview%2Fobjects%2Fasitem%2FPeople%2400406603%2F4%2Fdynasty-desc%3Ft%3Astate%3Aflow%3D26aea269-a8b0-43fd-88bc-26da4d0fa8da&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/97501">"Claire McCardell | "Monastic Dress" | American | The Met"</a>. <i>The Metropolitan Museum of Art, i.e. The Met Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art%2C+i.e.+The+Met+Museum&rft.atitle=Claire+McCardell+%7C+%22Monastic+Dress%22+%7C+American+%7C+The+Met&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F97501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/157273">"Claire McCardell | Dress | American | The Met"</a>. <i>The Metropolitan Museum of Art, i.e. The Met Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art%2C+i.e.+The+Met+Museum&rft.atitle=Claire+McCardell+%7C+Dress+%7C+American+%7C+The+Met&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F157273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.lacma.org/node/178697">"Woman's Dress, 'Monastic' | LACMA Collections"</a>. <i>collections.lacma.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=collections.lacma.org&rft.atitle=Woman%27s+Dress%2C+%27Monastic%27+%7C+LACMA+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollections.lacma.org%2Fnode%2F178697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFClegg2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Clegg, Jeannine (May 6, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.threadsmagazine.com/2021/05/06/fashion-designer-clare-mccardell-receives-bronze-statue-as-tribute">"Claire McCardell, Iconic Designer, to be Memorialized in Bronze"</a>. <i>Threads</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Threads&rft.atitle=Claire+McCardell%2C+Iconic+Designer%2C+to+be+Memorialized+in+Bronze&rft.date=2021-05-06&rft.aulast=Clegg&rft.aufirst=Jeannine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.threadsmagazine.com%2F2021%2F05%2F06%2Ffashion-designer-clare-mccardell-receives-bronze-statue-as-tribute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaire+McCardell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Claire McCardell: "Popover" dress (C.I.45.71.2ab) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Web. 14 Nov 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Claire McCardell: Play/bathing suit (C.I. 45.71.4) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Web. 14 Nov 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Claire McCardell: Sundress (C.I.58.49.5) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Web. 14 Nov 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Claire McCardell: Evening gown (C.I.58.17.2) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Web. 14 Nov 2009.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080408124717/http://library.newschool.edu/speccoll/fashionhistory/mccardell.php">McCardell's page at the New School's website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071127042754/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,866314-1,00.html">1955 Time magazine article on McCardell's life and work</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/17/style/celebrating-claire-mccardell.html?pagewanted=2">1998 New York Times article on McCardell's life, work, and contemporary influence</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/mccardell.html">McCardell's biography from the Maryland Women's Hall of Fame</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411002014/https://www.msa.md.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/mccardell.html">Archived</a> 2021-04-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/Ma-Mu/Mccardell-Claire.html">McCardell's biography from Fashion Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dmc.newschool.edu:8081/BrowserInsight/BrowserInsight?cmd=start&cid=14&ig=&gwisp=&iia=0&gwia=1&ir=-1&id=-1&d=0&iwas=2&gc=0&isl=1&ss=0">Original McCardell design sketches, from The New School's archives</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_mccardellclaire.htm">Extant examples of McCardell's work at the Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/42547">American Ingenuity: Sportswear 1930s–1970s</a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Claire McCardell (see index)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frederickartclub.com/theclairemccardellproject">The Claire McCardell Project- Monument to Claire McCardell in Frederick, Maryland.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Maryland_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame58" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maryland_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Maryland Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maryland_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Maryland Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Maryland_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Maryland Women's Hall of Fame">Maryland Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1980s58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Brent" title="Margaret Brent">Margaret Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_C._Davidson" title="Rita C. Davidson">Rita C. Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladys_Spellman" title="Gladys Spellman">Gladys Spellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lillie_Mae_Carroll_Jackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lillie Mae Carroll Jackson">Lillie Mae Carroll Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" title="Elizabeth Ann Seton">Elizabeth Ann Seton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">Henrietta Szold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Rosner_Wolman" title="Jeanette Rosner Wolman">Jeanette Rosner Wolman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiltgunt_Zassenhaus" title="Hiltgunt Zassenhaus">Hiltgunt Zassenhaus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Ellen_Watkins_Harper" title="Frances Ellen Watkins Harper">Frances Ellen Watkins Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanita_Jackson_Mitchell" title="Juanita Jackson Mitchell">Juanita Jackson Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shaw_Shorb" title="Mary Shaw Shorb">Mary Shaw Shorb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_B._Taussig" title="Helen B. Taussig">Helen B. Taussig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadie_Kneller_Miller" title="Sadie Kneller Miller">Sadie Kneller Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Eliza_Risteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Eliza Risteau">Mary Eliza Risteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Carey_Thomas" class="mw-redirect" title="Martha Carey Thomas">Martha Carey Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verda_Welcome" title="Verda Welcome">Verda Welcome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_Adkins" title="Bertha Adkins">Bertha Adkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenie_Clark" title="Eugenie Clark">Eugenie Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavinia_Engle" title="Lavinia Engle">Lavinia Engle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_King_Lee" title="Lena King Lee">Lena King Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_R._Ramey" class="mw-redirect" title="Estelle R. Ramey">Estelle R. Ramey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990s58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Maurer" title="Lucille Maurer">Lucille Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enolia_McMillan" title="Enolia McMillan">Enolia McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauli_Murray" title="Pauli Murray">Pauli Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adele_Hagner_Stamp" title="Adele Hagner Stamp">Adele Hagner Stamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lemist_Titcomb" title="Mary Lemist Titcomb">Mary Lemist Titcomb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rita_R._Colwell" title="Rita R. Colwell">Rita R. Colwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Lange" title="Mary Elizabeth Lange">Mary Elizabeth Lange</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Claire McCardell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Moses" title="Bessie Moses">Bessie Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Schrock" title="Alta Schrock">Alta Schrock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Armstrong" title="Annie Armstrong">Annie Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ella_Carroll" title="Anna Ella Carroll">Anna Ella Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Kushner" title="Rose Kushner">Rose Kushner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Collins_Schweinhaut" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Collins Schweinhaut">Margaret Collins Schweinhaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Delgado_Votaw" title="Carmen Delgado Votaw">Carmen Delgado Votaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Rosalyn Blake Bell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Clifton" title="Lucille Clifton">Lucille Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_King_Ellicott" title="Elizabeth King Ellicott">Elizabeth King Ellicott</a></li> <li>Jean Spencer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Ellicott_Tyson" title="Martha Ellicott Tyson">Martha Ellicott Tyson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalie_Silber_Abrams" title="Rosalie Silber Abrams">Rosalie Silber Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Banning" title="Mary Elizabeth Banning">Mary Elizabeth Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Elizabeth_Brown" title="Harriet Elizabeth Brown">Harriet Elizabeth Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">Connie Morella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Adelaide_Nutting" title="Mary Adelaide Nutting">Mary Adelaide Nutting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jill Moss Greenberg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_L._Nock" title="Mary L. Nock">Mary L. Nock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Taylor_Norris" title="Amanda Taylor Norris">Amanda Taylor Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nettie_Barcroft_Taylor" title="Nettie Barcroft Taylor">Nettie Barcroft Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemia_Mary_Goldsborough_Willson" title="Euphemia Mary Goldsborough Willson">Euphemia Mary Goldsborough Willson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_L._Ellicott" class="mw-redirect" title="Madeleine L. Ellicott">Madeleine L. Ellicott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Ennis" title="Ethel Ennis">Ethel Ennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Digges_Lee" title="Mary Digges Lee">Mary Digges Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigid_G._Leventhal" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigid G. Leventhal">Brigid G. Leventhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_A._Robinson" title="Barbara A. Robinson">Barbara A. Robinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Diane L. Adams</li> <li>Sol del Ande Mendez Eaton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_R._Gira" title="Catherine R. Gira">Catherine R. Gira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_L._Koss" title="Helen L. Koss">Helen L. Koss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Ponselle" title="Rosa Ponselle">Rosa Ponselle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Constance Ross Beims</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Katharine_Goddard" title="Mary Katharine Goddard">Mary Katharine Goddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Ryan_Hedges" title="Elaine Ryan Hedges">Elaine Ryan Hedges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carter_Smith" title="Mary Carter Smith">Mary Carter Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Riefle_Bahr" title="Florence Riefle Bahr">Florence Riefle Bahr</a></li> <li>Lillian C. Compton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Houghton_Hooker" title="Edith Houghton Hooker">Edith Houghton Hooker</a></li> <li>Elizabeth Fran Johnson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernice_Smith_White" title="Bernice Smith White">Bernice Smith White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000s58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Constance Uriolo Battle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Green_Carr" title="Lois Green Carr">Lois Green Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Pressman_Fuentes" title="Sonia Pressman Fuentes">Sonia Pressman Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Jacobsen" title="Josephine Jacobsen">Josephine Jacobsen</a></li> <li>Rosetta Stith</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Feeley" title="Kathleen Feeley">Kathleen Feeley</a></li> <li>Misbah Khan</li> <li>Charmaine Krohe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a></li> <li>Sandra W. Tomlinson</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mabel_Houze_Hubbard" title="Mabel Houze Hubbard">Mabel Houze Hubbard</a></li> <li>Florence P. Kendall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Young_Pickersgill" title="Mary Young Pickersgill">Mary Young Pickersgill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Sheehan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorraine Sheehan">Lorraine Sheehan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Walcott_Beauchamp" title="Virginia Walcott Beauchamp">Virginia Walcott Beauchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Clarke" title="Edith Clarke">Edith Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_J._DuFour" title="Kathryn J. DuFour">Kathryn J. DuFour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_L._Kirschstein" title="Ruth L. Kirschstein">Ruth L. Kirschstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etta_Haynie_Maddox" title="Etta Haynie Maddox">Etta Haynie Maddox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Yow" title="Debbie Yow">Debbie Yow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2004</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmonson_sisters" title="Edmonson sisters">Edmonson sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Grasmick" title="Nancy Grasmick">Nancy Grasmick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_McCready" title="Esther McCready">Esther McCready</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Byrd_Rawson" title="Margaret Byrd Rawson">Margaret Byrd Rawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivian_V._Simpson" title="Vivian V. Simpson">Vivian V. Simpson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Shoshana Shoubin Cardin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Olive_Cole" title="Bessie Olive Cole">Bessie Olive Cole</a></li> <li>Susan R. Panny</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edyth_H._Schoenrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Edyth H. Schoenrich">Edyth H. Schoenrich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2006</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Pardee_Baker" title="Susan Pardee Baker">Susan Pardee Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liebe_Sokol_Diamond" title="Liebe Sokol Diamond">Liebe Sokol Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bea_Gaddy" title="Bea Gaddy">Bea Gaddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Hughes_Gaston" class="mw-redirect" title="Marilyn Hughes Gaston">Marilyn Hughes Gaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Alban_Hoffberger" title="Rebecca Alban Hoffberger">Rebecca Alban Hoffberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Snively" title="Grace Snively">Grace Snively</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Annette M.Deener</li> <li>Sally T. Grant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasanna_Nair" title="Prasanna Nair">Prasanna Nair</a></li> <li>Karen H. Rothenberg</li> <li>Audrey E. Scott</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2008</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramona_McCarthy_Hawkins" title="Ramona McCarthy Hawkins">Ramona McCarthy Hawkins</a></li> <li>Ellen Moses Heller</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Menes" title="Pauline Menes">Pauline Menes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toby_Orenstein" title="Toby Orenstein">Toby Orenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Wilson_Walker" title="Emily Wilson Walker">Emily Wilson Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilia_Fehrer" title="Ilia Fehrer">Ilia Fehrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Griffin_(biologist)" title="Diane Griffin (biologist)">Diane Griffin</a></li> <li>Harriet Legum</li> <li>Allyson R. Solomon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_St._Clair_Wright" title="Anne St. Clair Wright">Anne St. Clair Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010s58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claire_M._Fraser" title="Claire M. Fraser">Claire M. Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Catherine_Hoof_Green" title="Anne Catherine Hoof Green">Anne Catherine Hoof Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Morgan_Kirkaldy" class="mw-redirect" title="Irene Morgan Kirkaldy">Irene Morgan Kirkaldy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almira_Hart_Lincoln_Phelps" class="mw-redirect" title="Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps">Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps</a></li> <li>Bernice R. Sandler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillie_Shockney" title="Lillie Shockney">Lillie D. Shockney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider">Carol W. Greider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Holdridge" title="Barbara Holdridge">Barbara Holdridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligia_Peralta" title="Ligia Peralta">Ligia Peralta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Poe" title="Gertrude Poe">Gertrude Poe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Diggs_Slowe" title="Lucy Diggs Slowe">Lucy Diggs Slowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_A._Willenz" title="June A. Willenz">June A. Willenz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Black" title="Maureen Black">Maureen Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Dunkle" title="Margaret Dunkle">Margaret Dunkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Kopp" title="Nancy Kopp">Nancy Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Manicur" title="Alice Manicur">Alice Manicur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Gribbon_Motz" title="Diana Gribbon Motz">Diana Gribbon Motz</a></li> <li>Gwendolyn Rooks</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Delich_Bentley" title="Helen Delich Bentley">Helen Delich Bentley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_B._Cryor" title="Jean B. Cryor">Jean B. Cryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlene_Dukes" title="Charlene Dukes">Charlene Dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Sauerbrey" title="Ellen Sauerbrey">Ellen Sauerbrey</a></li> <li>Linda A. Shevitz</li> <li>Beatrice P. Tignor</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_F._Bailey" title="Dorothy F. Bailey">Dorothy F. Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Kane_Callum" title="Agnes Kane Callum">Agnes Kane Callum</a></li> <li>Renee E. Fox</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_K._Goering" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan K. Goering">Susan K. Goering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks" title="Henrietta Lacks">Henrietta Lacks</a></li> <li>Ann Cipriano Rees</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_B._Byron" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly B. Byron">Beverly B. Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Gail_de_Planque" title="E. Gail de Planque">E. Gail de Planque</a></li> <li>Mary S. Feik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_O%27Brien" title="Katherine O'Brien">Katherine O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_L._Singh" title="Linda L. Singh">Linda L. Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Fryer_Ward" title="Sue Fryer Ward">Sue Fryer Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sophia Arabatzis Balis</li> <li>Oretha Bridgwaters-Simms</li> <li>Mary C. Goodwillie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Danforth_Harmon" class="mw-redirect" title="Elaine Danforth Harmon">Elaine Danforth Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Katz" title="Joanne Katz">Joanne Katz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizette_Woodworth_Reese" title="Lizette Woodworth Reese">Lizette Woodworth Reese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Coleman-Adebayo" title="Marsha Coleman-Adebayo">Marsha Coleman-Adebayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Colvin" title="Carolyn Colvin">Carolyn Colvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">Donna Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Garrett" title="Mary Garrett">Mary Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Blodgett_Gebbie" title="Katharine Blodgett Gebbie">Katharine Blodgett Gebbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Ledecky" title="Katie Ledecky">Katie Ledecky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Maroulis" title="Helen Maroulis">Helen Maroulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilian_Welsh" title="Lilian Welsh">Lilian Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sandra I. Barnes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Williams_Ortega" title="Sandra Williams Ortega">Sandra Williams Ortega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Saunders_Plummer" title="Emily Saunders Plummer">Emily Saunders Plummer</a></li> <li>Rita L. Robinson</li> <li>Hattie N. Washington</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Marielsa A. Bernard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_T._Chissell" title="Augusta T. Chissell">Augusta T. Chissell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Dawes" title="Dominique Dawes">Dominique Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Hall" title="Virginia Hall">Virginia Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Gumataotao_Rios" title="Rosa Gumataotao Rios">Rosa Gumataotao Rios</a></li> <li>Evelyn Williams Townsend</li> <li>Phyllis B. Trickett</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Woo_Tsui" title="Pauline Woo Tsui">Pauline Woo Tsui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020s58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victorine_Q._Adams" title="Victorine Q. Adams">Victorine Q. Adams</a></li> <li>Evelyn O. A. Darden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Parkinson" title="Claire Parkinson">Claire Parkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Roman" title="Nancy Roman">Nancy Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_R._Wolfe" title="Leslie R. Wolfe">Leslie R. Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bobo" title="Elizabeth Bobo">Elizabeth Bobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hawkins" title="Margaret Hawkins">Margaret Hawkins</a></li> <li>Ruby Reese Moone</li> <li>Nancy K. Welker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celeste_Revillon_Winans" title="Celeste Revillon Winans">Celeste Revillon Winans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Blum" title="Dorothy Blum">Dorothy Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_L._Cleave" title="Mary L. Cleave">Mary L. Cleave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Richardson" title="Gloria Richardson">Gloria Richardson</a></li> <li>Beatrice Rodgers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa_M._Shannon" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa M. Shannon">Odessa M. Shannon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janeen_L._Birckhead" title="Janeen L. Birckhead">Janeen L. Birckhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_M._Cooksey" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte M. Cooksey">Charlotte M. Cooksey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Sol_Gutierrez" title="Ana Sol Gutierrez">Ana Sol Gutierrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_G._Lawlah" title="Gloria G. Lawlah">Gloria G. Lawlah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Ronne" title="Jackie Ronne">Jackie Ronne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_A._Jones" title="Adrienne A. Jones">Adrienne A. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_C._Lee" title="Susan C. Lee">Susan C. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Lierman" title="Brooke Lierman">Brooke Lierman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Miller" title="Aruna Miller">Aruna Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_sportswear162" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_sportswear" title="Template:American sportswear"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_sportswear" title="Template talk:American sportswear"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_sportswear" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American sportswear"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_sportswear162" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)" title="Sportswear (fashion)">American sportswear</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century<br />sportswear designers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Steckling-Coen" title="Adrienne Steckling-Coen">Adri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Atkinson_(designer)" title="Bill Atkinson (designer)">Bill Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louella_Ballerino" title="Louella Ballerino">Louella Ballerino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhane_Barnes" title="Jhane Barnes">Jhane Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Beene" title="Geoffrey Beene">Geoffrey Beene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Brigance" title="Tom Brigance">Tom Brigance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Brooks" title="Donald Brooks">Donald Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Burrows_(designer)" title="Stephen Burrows (designer)">Stephen Burrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_S._Campbell" title="Jeanne S. Campbell">Jeanne Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Cashin" title="Bonnie Cashin">Bonnie Cashin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Cole_(designer)" title="Kenneth Cole (designer)">Kenneth Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Claiborne" title="Liz Claiborne">Liz Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Ellis" title="Perry Ellis">Perry Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Fogarty" title="Anne Fogarty">Anne Fogarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudi_Gernreich" title="Rudi Gernreich">Rudi Gernreich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halston" title="Halston">Halston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Hawes" title="Elizabeth Hawes">Elizabeth Hawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger" title="Tommy Hilfiger">Tommy Hilfiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Jacobs" title="Marc Jacobs">Marc Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Kamali" title="Norma Kamali">Norma Kamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Karan" title="Donna Karan">Donna Karan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_King" title="Muriel King">Muriel King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Klein_(fashion_designer)" title="Anne Klein (fashion designer)">Anne Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Klein" title="Calvin Klein">Calvin Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kors" title="Michael Kors">Michael Kors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lauren" title="Ralph Lauren">Ralph Lauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Leser" title="Tina Leser">Tina Leser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Maxwell" title="Vera Maxwell">Vera Maxwell</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Claire McCardell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Mizrahi" title="Isaac Mizrahi">Isaac Mizrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Potter" title="Clare Potter">Clare Potter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_Ruffin" title="Clovis Ruffin">Clovis Ruffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_di_Sant%27_Angelo" title="Giorgio di Sant' Angelo">Giorgio di Sant' Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Schnurer" title="Carolyn Schnurer">Carolyn Schnurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg" title="Diane von Fürstenberg">Diane von Fürstenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Wang" title="Vera Wang">Vera Wang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Weitz" title="John Weitz">John Weitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Wilkens" title="Emily Wilkens">Emily Wilkens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Wragge" title="Sydney Wragge">Sydney Wragge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_(designer)" title="Zoran (designer)">Zoran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century<br />sportswear designers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Lam" title="Derek Lam">Derek Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ping" title="Mary Ping">Mary Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zac_Posen" title="Zac Posen">Zac Posen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proenza_Schouler" title="Proenza Schouler">Proenza Schouler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behnaz_Sarafpour" title="Behnaz Sarafpour">Behnaz Sarafpour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popover_(dress)" title="Popover (dress)">Popover (dress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_dress" title="Wrap dress">Wrap dress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other associated people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Martin_(curator)" title="Richard Martin (curator)">Richard Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Shaver" title="Dorothy Shaver">Dorothy Shaver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Look_(fashion_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Look (fashion movement)">The American Look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_terminology" title="Clothing terminology">Clothing terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">History of clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2975089#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1540" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2975089#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1540" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2975089#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000038250911">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/37754610">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/413223/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcc86QbfYbmTv6pWdRxjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/120709988">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n98015495">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13616741s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13616741s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p182305546">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500334763">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/10912/">Victoria</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/50042">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6x92g70">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&oldid=1259861648">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&oldid=1259861648</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1905_births" title="Category:1905 births">1905 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1958_deaths" title="Category:1958 deaths">1958 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parsons_School_of_Design_alumni" title="Category:Parsons School of Design alumni">Parsons School of Design alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hood_College_alumni" title="Category:Hood College alumni">Hood College alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers" title="Category:American fashion designers">American fashion designers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Frederick,_Maryland" title="Category:People from Frederick, Maryland">People from Frederick, Maryland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Mount_Olivet_Cemetery_(Frederick,_Maryland)" title="Category:Burials at Mount Olivet Cemetery (Frederick, Maryland)">Burials at Mount Olivet Cemetery (Frederick, Maryland)</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 13:51<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Claire_McCardell&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Claire McCardell</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>9 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-d6f4c4464-5s624","wgBackendResponseTime":174,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.568","walltime":"0.697","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2351,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":140211,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":540,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":128286,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 553.434 1 -total"," 47.16% 260.982 1 Template:Reflist"," 26.76% 148.072 11 Template:Cite_book"," 18.73% 103.671 1 Template:Maryland_Women\u0026#039;s_Hall_of_Fame"," 18.20% 100.721 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 17.78% 98.384 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.85% 54.506 13 Template:Cite_web"," 9.24% 51.135 2 Template:Pagetype"," 7.91% 43.784 1 Template:Authority_control"," 5.61% 31.032 3 Template:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.337","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5411344,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-9859d99b7-ccfg6","timestamp":"20250325195125","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Claire McCardell","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Claire_McCardell","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2975089","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2975089","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-03-01T23:47:50Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T13:51:51Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/97\/Claire_McCardell_on_the_cover_of_TIME%2C_May_2_1955.jpg","headline":"American fashion designer (1905-1958)"}</script> </body> </html>