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Muneer</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Badar Muneer"> <meta name="keywords" content="Badar Muneer"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Badar Muneer"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Badar Muneer</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Plate-Laminated Slotted-Waveguide Fed 2×3 Planar Inverted F Antenna Array</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badar%20Muneer">Badar Muneer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Shabir"> Waseem Shabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisal%20Karim%20Shaikh"> Faisal Karim Shaikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Substrate Integrated waveguide based 6-element array of Planar Inverted F antenna (PIFA) has been presented and analyzed parametrically in this paper. The antenna is fed with coupled transverse slots on a plate laminated waveguide cavity to ensure wide bandwidth and simplicity of feeding network. The two-layer structure has one layer dedicated for feeding network and the top layer dedicated for radiating elements. It has been demonstrated that the presented feeding technique for feeding such class of array antennas can be far simple in structure and miniaturized in size when it comes to designing large phased array antenna systems. A good return loss and standing wave ratio of 2:1 has been achieved while maintaining properties of typical PIFA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding%20network" title="feeding network">feeding network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminated%20waveguide" title=" laminated waveguide"> laminated waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIFA" title=" PIFA"> PIFA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transverse%20slots" title=" transverse slots"> transverse slots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63475/plate-laminated-slotted-waveguide-fed-23-planar-inverted-f-antenna-array" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> E-Commerce in Jordan: Conceptual Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneer%20Abbad">Muneer Abbad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study comes with a comprehensive analysis of specific factors affecting the adoption of e-commerce in Jordan. From the theoretical perspective, this study will make a contribution to the e-commerce by providing insights on the factors that seem to affect e-commerce’s adoption. The current study will provide managers information about the planning and formulating appropriate strategies to ensure rapid adoption of e-commerce in Jordan. It will offer marketing implications, conclusions, and suggestions for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title="e-commerce">e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20model" title=" conceptual model"> conceptual model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27771/e-commerce-in-jordan-conceptual-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Students’ Perception of E-Learning Systems at Hashemite University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneer%20Abbad">Muneer Abbad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In search of better, traditional learning universities have expanded their ways to deliver knowledge and integrate cost effective e-learning systems. Universities’ use of information and communication technologies has grown tremendously over the last decade. To ensure efficient use of the e-learning system, this project aimed to evaluate the good and bad practices, detect errors and determine areas for further improvements in usage. This project critically evaluated the students’ perception of the e-learning system and recommended changes to improve students’ e-learning usage, through conducting questionnaire given to the students that have experience with e-learning systems. Results of the study indicated that, in general, students have favourable perceptions toward using the e-learning system. They seemed to value the resources tool and its contribution to building their knowledge more than other e-learning tools. However, they seemed to perceive a limited value from the audio or video podcasts. This study has shown that technology acceptance is the most variable, factor that contributes to students’ perception and satisfaction of the e-learning system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title="e-learning">e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universities" title=" universities"> universities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15384/students-perception-of-e-learning-systems-at-hashemite-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Explaining E-Learning Systems Usage in Higher Education Institutions: UTAUT Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneer%20Abbad">Muneer Abbad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research explains the e-learning usage in a university in Jordan. Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model has been used as a base model to explain the usage. UTAUT is a model of individual acceptance that is compiled mainly from different models of technology acceptance. This research is the initial part from full explanations of the users' acceptance model that use Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method to explain the users' acceptance of the e-learning systems based on UTAUT model. In this part data has been collected and prepared for further analysis. The main factors of UTAUT model has been tested as different factors using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The second phase will be confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and SEM to explain the users' acceptance of e-learning systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title="e-learning">e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moodle" title=" moodle"> moodle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unified%20Theory%20of%20Acceptance%20and%20Use%20of%20Technology%20%28UTAUT%29" title=" Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)"> Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58239/explaining-e-learning-systems-usage-in-higher-education-institutions-utaut-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Non-Fungible Token (NFT) - Used in the Music Industry for Independent Artists without a Music Recording Label</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bartholomew%20Badar">Bartholomew Badar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An NFT is a digital certificate with rights to own an asset, including various valuable digital goods such as art pieces, music items, collectibles, etc. The market for NFTs started developing in 2017 and has lately seen increased growth as crypto-currencies and the blockchain market continue to gain popularity. This study aims to understand potential uses for NFTs concerning the music industry and record labels. Independent artists struggle to distribute and sell their music without the help of a record label. The NFT marketplace could be a great tool to eliminate this problem. The research objective is to identify possibilities for independent artists to own their music rights and share value with an audience. We see a trend of new-school music artists trying to enter the music NFT market by creating visualizers, beats, cover art, etc. To analyze various existing music NFT assets and determine whether or not independent artists could monetize their music without a record label is the main focus of this scholarly paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crypto-currency" title=" crypto-currency"> crypto-currency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artist" title=" artist"> artist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFT" title=" NFT"> NFT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144397/non-fungible-token-nft-used-in-the-music-industry-for-independent-artists-without-a-music-recording-label" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Qualitative Analysis of Healthcare Providers and Administrators’ Perceptions, Expectations, Barriers, and Facilitators Towards Pharmacists in Mental Healthcare in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badar%20Dhehawi%20A.%20Aldhafeeri">Badar Dhehawi A. Aldhafeeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To explore the views and experiences of healthcare providers (HCPs) and their expectations toward pharmacists in mental healthcare, in addition to their acceptance of new pharmacist roles. Barriers and facilitators that are emerging in the process of developing enhanced pharmacist-related roles were also explored. Methods: Qualitative semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with HCPs who had worked in mental health services in Saudi Arabia. The data were thematically analysed using a constant comparison with NVivo software to develop a series of key themes from the interviews. Results: Most HCPs indicated that they rarely interacted with pharmacists. They expected pharmacists to educate both patients and other healthcare workers in the future. Concerns were raised regarding inadequate pharmacy education and lack of clinical training for pharmacists. Conclusion: This study revealed that interactions between HCPs and pharmacists concerning mental health are still limited. A communication strategy for addressing mental health issues should be developed among pharmacists and other HCPs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacist" title="pharmacist">pharmacist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20student" title=" pharmacy student"> pharmacy student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saudi%20arabia" title=" saudi arabia"> saudi arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20research" title=" qualitative research"> qualitative research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156038/qualitative-analysis-of-healthcare-providers-and-administrators-perceptions-expectations-barriers-and-facilitators-towards-pharmacists-in-mental-healthcare-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Management Creativity Using Theory Planned Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basheer%20Ahmad%20Al-Alwan">Basheer Ahmad Al-Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ratib%20Al-Awamreh"> Ali Ratib Al-Awamreh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badar%20Saif%20Alhatmi"> Badar Saif Alhatmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The success of organizations in today's rapidly changing business landscape greatly hinges on the effectiveness of management creativity. This research aimed to uncover the elements influencing the effectiveness of management creativity by employing the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study's findings indicate that two significant predictors of management creativity effectiveness are one's attitude towards it and the subjective norms within the organization. Such results are rather important for the organizations and their leaders who would want to increase management creativity. The attitudes of subordinates towards management creativity should be positive if managers wish to cultivate management creativity among their employees, and the organizational culture must also be one that enhances and supports creative thinking. They should also make available all the requisite resources and support required for the implementation of their creative ideas and let employees participate in the decision-making processes in order to increase their sense of control over their creative activities. This research contributes to the literature on managerial creativity by presenting evidence about the effectiveness of managerial creativity and the strategies aimed at increasing the level of creativity in organizations through empirical insights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20creativity" title="management creativity">management creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20norms" title=" subjective norms"> subjective norms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20behavioral%20control" title=" perceived behavioral control"> perceived behavioral control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193897/factors-affecting-the-effectiveness-of-management-creativity-using-theory-planned-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Evaluating Effects of Health and Physical Maintenance on Academic Competencies of University Teachers in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Badar%20Habib">Muhammad Badar Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shakir"> Muhammad Shakir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Ali"> Asif Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zia%20ul%20Haq"> Muhammad Zia ul Haq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of the research is to examine the university teachers’ health and physical activities regarding their academic competencies. Major objectives of this piece research were (a) to identify health problems of teachers at university level that affects academic competencies of university teachers and (b) to evaluate educational betterment through physical balance. This research is descriptive in nature and questionnaire was used as source of collecting data. Population of the present research comprises teachers, professors and professionals teaching in the universities of Pakistan. 580 university teachers were selected as a population of the study. Random sampling technique was used to identify recipients. Data was feed and filter in Ms-Excel. In the light of the analysis of the study following findings were drawn out. This study found that the university teachers in Pakistan do not adopt proper physical exercise program. They were less interested to burn their extra calories and face diseases such as cramping, contraction of the muscles, diabetics and stomach diseases. This study recommends that seminars/workshops may be held by University establishment; to develop overall awareness among the teachers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluating%20effects%20of%20health%20and%20physical%20maintenance" title="evaluating effects of health and physical maintenance">evaluating effects of health and physical maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20competencies" title=" academic competencies"> academic competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20teachers" title=" university teachers"> university teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5556/evaluating-effects-of-health-and-physical-maintenance-on-academic-competencies-of-university-teachers-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance of Visible Light Induced Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Muneer">M. Muneer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Raza"> Waseem Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nano-crystalline materials of pure and metal-doped semiconducting materials have been successfully synthesized using sol gel and hydrothermal methods. The prepared materials were characterized by standard analytical techniques, i.e., XRD, SEM, EDX, UV–vis Spectroscopy and FTIR. The (XRD) analysis showed that the obtained particles are present in partial crystalline nature and exhibit no other impurity phase. The EDX and (SEM) images depicted that metals have been successfully loaded on the surface of the semiconductor. FTIR showed an additional absorption band at 910 cm−1, characteristic of absorption band indicating the incorporation of dopant into the lattice in addition to a broad and strong absorption band in the region of 410–580 cm−1 due to metal–O stretching. The UV–vis absorption spectra of synthesized particles indicate that the doping of metals into the lattice shift the absorption band towards the visible region. Thermal analysis, measurement of the synthesized sample showed that the thermal stability of pure semiconducting material is decreased due to increase in dopant concentration. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized particles was studied by measuring the change in concentration of three different chromophoric dyes as a function of irradiation time. The photocatalytic activity of doped materials were found to increase with increase in dopant concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalysis" title="photocatalysis">photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20doped%20semicondcutors" title=" metal doped semicondcutors"> metal doped semicondcutors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20degradation" title=" dye degradation"> dye degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visible%20light%20active%20materials" title=" visible light active materials"> visible light active materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35470/synthesis-characterization-and-photocatalytic-performance-of-visible-light-induced-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> An Ideational Grammatical Metaphor of Narrative History in Chinua Achebe's 'There Was a Country'</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammed-Badar%20Salihu%20Jibrin">Muhammed-Badar Salihu Jibrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chibabi%20Makedono%20Darlington"> Chibabi Makedono Darlington</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studied Ideational Grammatical Metaphor (IGM) of Narrative History in Chinua Achebe’s There Was a Country. It started with a narrative historical style as a recent genre out of the conventional historical writings. In order to explore the linguistic phenomenon using a particular lexico-grammatical tool of IGM, the theoretical background was examined based on Hallidayan Systemic Functional Linguistics. Furthermore, the study considered the possibility of applying IGM to the Part 4 of Achebe’s historical text with recourse to the concept of congruence in IGM and research questions before formulating a working methodology. The analysis of Achebe’s memoir was, thus, presented in tabular forms to account for the quantitative content analysis with qualitative research technique, as well as the metaphorical and congruent wording through nominalization and process types with samples. The frequencies and percentage were given appropriately with respect to each subheadings of the text. To this end, the findings showed that material and relational types indicated dominance. The discussion and implications were that the findings confirmed earlier study by MAK Halliday and C.I.M.I.M. Matthiessen’s suggestion that IGM should show dominance of material type process. The implication is that IGM can be an effective tool for the analysis of a narrative historical text. In conclusion, it was observed that IGM does not only carry grammatical function but also an ideological role in shaping the historical discourse within the narrative mode between writers and readers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideational%20grammatical%20metaphor" title="ideational grammatical metaphor">ideational grammatical metaphor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nominalization" title=" nominalization"> nominalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20history" title=" narrative history"> narrative history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memoire" title=" memoire"> memoire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dominance" title=" dominance"> dominance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99816/an-ideational-grammatical-metaphor-of-narrative-history-in-chinua-achebes-there-was-a-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> What Determine Corporate Board Diligence: Evidence from Sultanate of Oman</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badar%20Khalid%20Hakim%20Alshabibi">Badar Khalid Hakim Alshabibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to examine the determinants of corporate board diligence in the listed firm in Sultanate of Oman, using four corporate board characteristics, the board size, board independence, board gender diversity, and nationality diversity. Design/methodology/approach: Using a sample comprised of all companies listed in the Muscat Securities Exchange over a ten-year period (2009–2019), the study applies Pooled OLS regression to examine the determinants of corporate board diligence. Findings: Drawing from the agency theory and institutional theory, the results reveal that the number of independent board members had statistical significance, suggesting that board independence can improve corporate board diligence, though board size and nationality diversity were found to have a negative association with corporate board diligence. There is no evidence, however, that board gender diversity improves corporate board diligence. Practical implications: The study provides insights for both the investors and regulatory authorities in developing economies. For the investors to be aware about the corporate board characteristics which enhance board monitoring, and for the regulatory authorities to consider revising the corporate governance codes which enhance the quality of governance practices. Originality/value: The study provides new evidence documenting the determinants of corporate board diligence in a developing country such as the Sultanate of Oman, which has a high potential for growth and attracting foreign investment, as stated in Oman vision 2040. In addition, this paper is the first to examine the association between corporate board diligence and corporate board diversity aspects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20diligence" title="board diligence">board diligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20monitoring" title="board monitoring">board monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20composition" title="board composition">board composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20diversity" title="board diversity">board diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oman" title="oman">oman</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140877/what-determine-corporate-board-diligence-evidence-from-sultanate-of-oman" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Effect of Species and Slaughtering Age on Quality Characteristics of Different Meat Cuts of Humped Cattle and Water Buffalo Bulls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Kashif%20Yar">Muhammad Kashif Yar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hayat%20Jaspal"> Muhammad Hayat Jaspal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muawuz%20Ijaz"> Muawuz Ijaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafar%20Hayat"> Zafar Hayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iftikhar%20Hussain%20Badar"> Iftikhar Hussain Badar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Nasir"> Jamal Nasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Meat quality characteristics such as ultimate pH (pHu), color, cooking loss and shear force of eight wholesale meat cuts of humped cattle (Bos indicus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls at two age groups were evaluated. A total of 48 animals, 24 of each species and within species 12 from each 18 and 26 months age group were slaughtered. After 24h post-slaughter, eight meat cuts, i.e., tenderloin, sirloin, rump, cube roll, round, topside, silverside and blade were cut from the carcass. The pHu of tenderloin (5.65 vs 5.55), sirloin (5.67 vs 5.60), cube roll (5.68 vs 5.62) and blade (5.88 vs 5.72) was significantly higher (P<0.05) in buffalo than cattle. The tenderloin showed significantly higher (44.63 vs 42.23) and sirloin showed lower (P<0.05) mean L* value (42.28 vs 44.47) in cattle than buffalo whilst the mean L* value of the only tenderloin was affected by animal age. Species had a significant (P<0.05) effect on mean a*, b*, C, and h values of all meat cuts. The shear force of the majority of meat cuts, within species and age groups, varied considerably. The mean shear values of tenderloin, sirloin, cube roll and blade were higher (P<0.05) in buffalo than cattle. The shear values of rump, round, topside and silverside increased significantly (P<0.05) with animal age. In conclusion, primal cuts of cattle showed better meat quality especially tenderness than buffalo. Furthermore, calves should be raised at least up to 26 months of age to maximize profitability by providing better quality meat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffalo" title="buffalo">buffalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title=" cattle"> cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20color" title=" meat color"> meat color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20quality" title=" meat quality"> meat quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slaughtering%20age" title=" slaughtering age"> slaughtering age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenderness" title=" tenderness"> tenderness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136680/effect-of-species-and-slaughtering-age-on-quality-characteristics-of-different-meat-cuts-of-humped-cattle-and-water-buffalo-bulls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Gymnastics-Oriented Training Program: Impact of 6 weeks Training on the Fitness and Performance of Basketball Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ibrahim">Syed Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Muneer%20Ahmed"> Syed Muneer Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is a global phenomenon that fitness is a pre-requisite to the desired end of optimum efficiency in elite class basketballers achieved through appropriate conditioning program. This study was undertaken to find out the effect of gymnastic oriented training program on the physical fitness and the level of technical performance of basketball players. Method: 27 basketballers were divided into 12 experimental and 15 control groups aged between 19 to 25 years. Physical fitness tests comprising of vertical jump, push-ups, chin ups, sit ups, back strength, 30 m sprint, boomerangs test, 600 m run, sit and reach, bridge up and shoulder rotation and technical skill tests like dribbling, layup shots and rebound collection were used for the study. A pre- and post-test was conducted before and after the training program of 6 weeks. Results: The results indicated no significant difference in the anthropometric measurements of age, height and weight between the experimental and control group as the ‘t’ values observed were 0.28, 1.63 and 1.60 respectively . There were significant improvements in vertical jump, push-ups, sit-ups, modified boomerang test, bridge test and shoulder rotation index with the ‘t’ values being 2.60, 3.41, 3.91, 4.02, 3.55 and 2.33 respectively. However, no significant differences existed in chin-ups, back strength, 30 m sprint and 6000 m run with the ‘t’ values being 2.08, 1.77, 1.28 and 0.80 respectively. There was significant improvement in the post-test for the technical skills tests in the experimental group with ‘t’ values being 3.65, 2.57, and 3.62 for the dribble, layup shots and rebound collection respectively. There was no significant difference in the values of the control group except in the rebound collection which showed significant difference. Conclusion: It was found that both the physical fitness and skill proficiency of the basketballers increased through the participation in the gymnastics oriented program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gymnastic" title="gymnastic">gymnastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical" title=" technical"> technical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-requisite" title=" pre-requisite"> pre-requisite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elite%20class" title=" elite class"> elite class</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10621/gymnastics-oriented-training-program-impact-of-6-weeks-training-on-the-fitness-and-performance-of-basketball-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Lightweight and Seamless Distributed Scheme for the Smart Home </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mehran%20Arshad%20Khan">Muhammad Mehran Arshad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengliang%20Wang"> Chengliang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zou%20Minhui"> Zou Minhui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danyal%20Badar%20Soomro"> Danyal Badar Soomro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Security of the smart home in terms of behavior activity pattern recognition is a totally dissimilar and unique issue as compared to the security issues of other scenarios. Sensor devices (low capacity and high capacity) interact and negotiate each other by detecting the <em>daily behavior activity</em> of individuals to execute common tasks. Once a device (e.g., surveillance camera, smart phone and light detection sensor etc.) is compromised, an adversary can then get access to a specific device and can damage daily behavior activity by altering the data and commands. In this scenario, a group of common instruction processes may get involved to generate deadlock. Therefore, an effective suitable security solution is required for smart home architecture. This paper proposes <em>seamless distributed Scheme</em> which fortifies low computational wireless devices for secure communication. Proposed scheme is based on lightweight key-session process to upheld cryptic-link for trajectory by recognizing of individual’s behavior activities pattern. Every device and service provider unit (low capacity sensors (LCS) and high capacity sensors (HCS)) uses an authentication token and originates a secure trajectory connection in network. Analysis of experiments is revealed that proposed scheme strengthens the devices against device seizure attack by recognizing daily behavior activities, minimum utilization memory space of LCS and avoids network from deadlock. Additionally, the results of a comparison with other schemes indicate that scheme manages efficiency in term of computation and communication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title="authentication">authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key-session" title=" key-session"> key-session</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensors" title=" wireless sensors"> wireless sensors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84365/lightweight-and-seamless-distributed-scheme-for-the-smart-home" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Hyper-Immunoglobulin E (Hyper-Ige) Syndrome In Skin Of Color: A Retrospective Single-Centre Observational Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Kothari">Rohit Kothari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneer%20Mohamed"> Muneer Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivekanandh%20K."> Vivekanandh K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunmeet%20Sandhu"> Sunmeet Sandhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preema%20Sinha"> Preema Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Bhatnagar"> Anuj Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Hyper-IgE syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterised by triad of severe atopic dermatitis, recurrent pulmonary infections, and recurrent staphylococcal skin infections. The diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion, typical clinical features, and not mere rise in serum-IgE levels, which may be seen in multiple conditions. Genetic studies are not always possible in a resource poor setting. This study highlights various presentations of Hyper-IgE syndrome in skin of color children. Case-series: Our study had six children of Hyper-IgE syndrome aged twomonths to tenyears. All had onset in first ten months of life except one with a late-onset at two years. All had recurrent eczematoid rash, which responded poorly to conventional treatment, secondary infection, multiple episodes of hospitalisation for pulmonary infection, and raised serum IgE levels. One case had occasional vesicles, bullae, and crusted plaques over both the extremities. Genetic study was possible in only one of them who was found to have pathogenic homozygous deletions of exon-15 to 18 in DOCK8 gene following which he underwent bone marrow transplant (BMT), however, succumbed to lower respiratory tract infection two months after BMT and rest of them received multiple courses of antibiotics, oral/ topical steroids, and cyclosporine intermittently with variable response. Discussion: Our study highlights various characteristics, presentation, and management of this rare syndrome in children. Knowledge of these manifestations in skin of color will facilitate early identification and contribute to optimal care of the patients as representative data on the same is limited in literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absolute%20eosinophil%20count" title="absolute eosinophil count">absolute eosinophil count</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atopic%20dermatitis" title=" atopic dermatitis"> atopic dermatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eczematous%20rash" title=" eczematous rash"> eczematous rash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyper-immunoglobulin%20E%20syndrome" title=" hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome"> hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary%20infection" title=" pulmonary infection"> pulmonary infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20IgE" title=" serum IgE"> serum IgE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20of%20color" title=" skin of color"> skin of color</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143963/hyper-immunoglobulin-e-hyper-ige-syndrome-in-skin-of-color-a-retrospective-single-centre-observational-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Resurgence of Influenza A (H1N1) Pdm09 during November 2015 - February 2016, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazish%20Badar">Nazish Badar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: To investigate the epidemic resurgent wave of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infections during 2015-16 Influenza season(Nov,15 –Feb,16) we compared epidemiological features of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 associated hospitalizations and deaths during this period in Pakistan. Methods: Respiratory samples were tested using CDC Real-Time RT-PCR protocols. Demographic and epidemiological data was analyzed using SPSS. Risk ratio was calculated between age groups to compare patients that were hospitalized and died due to influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 during this period. Results: A total of 1970 specimens were analyzed; influenza virus was detected in 494(25%) samples, including 458(93%) Influenza type A and 36(7%) influenza type B viruses. Amongst influenza A viruses, 351(77%) A(H1N1) pdm09 and 107(23%) were A/H3N2. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 peaked in January 2016 when 250(54%) of tested patients were positive. The resurgent waves increased hospitalizations due to pdmH1N1 as compared to the rest part of the year. Overall 267(76%) A(H1N1) pdm09 cases were hospitalized. Adults ≥18 years showed the highest relative risk of hospitalization (1.2). Median interval of hospitalization and symptom onset was five days for all age groups. During this period, a total of 34 laboratory-confirmed deaths associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) were reported out of 1970 cases, the case fatality rate was 1.72%. the male to female ratio was 2:1in reported deaths. The majority of the deaths during that period occurred in adults ≥18 years of age. Overall median age of the death cases was 42.8 years with underlying medical conditions. The median number of days between symptom onset was two days. The diagnosis upon admission in influenza-associated fatal cases was pneumonia (53%). Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 9 (26%), eight out of which (88%) required mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The present resurgence of pandemic virus cannot be attributed to a single factor. The prolong cold and dry weather, possibility of drift in virus and absence of annual flu vaccination may have played an integrated role in resurfacing of pandemic virus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza%20A%20%28H1N1%29pdm%2009" title="influenza A (H1N1)pdm 09">influenza A (H1N1)pdm 09</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resurgence" title=" resurgence"> resurgence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57603/resurgence-of-influenza-a-h1n1-pdm09-during-november-2015-february-2016-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Evolutionary Analysis of Influenza A (H1N1) Pdm 09 in Post Pandemic Period in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazish%20Badar">Nazish Badar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In early 2009, Pandemic type A (H1N1) Influenza virus emerged globally. Since then, it has continued circulation causing considerable morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evolutionary changes in Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses from 2009-15 and their relevance with the current vaccine viruses. Methods: Respiratory specimens were collected with influenza-like illness and Severe Acute Respiratory Illness. Samples were processed according to CDC protocol. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes was carried out comparing representative isolates from Pakistan viruses. Results: Between Jan2009 - Feb 2016, 1870 (13.2%) samples were positive for influenza A out of 14086. During the pandemic period (2009–10), Influenza A/ H1N1pdm 09 was the dominant strain with 366 (45%) of total influenza positives. In the post-pandemic period (2011–2016), a total of 1066 (59.6%) cases were positive Influenza A/ H1N1pdm 09 with co-circulation of different Influenza A subtypes. Overall, the Pakistan A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses grouped in two genetic clades. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses only ascribed to Clade 7 during the pandemic period whereas viruses belong to clade 7 (2011) and clade 6B (2015) during the post-pandemic years. Amino acid analysis of the HA gene revealed mutations at positions S220T, I338V and P100S specially associated with outbreaks in all the analyzed strains. Sequence analyses of post-pandemic A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses showed additional substitutions at antigenic sites; S179N,K180Q (SA), D185N, D239G (CA), S202A (SB) and at receptor binding sites; A13T, S200P when compared with pandemic period. Substitution at Genetic markers; A273T (69%), S200P/T (15%) and D239G (7.6%) associated with severity and E391K (69%) associated with virulence was identified in viruses isolated during 2015. Analysis of NA gene revealed outbreak markers; V106I (23%) among pandemic and N248D (100%) during post-pandemic Pakistan viruses. Additional N-Glycosylation site; HA S179N (23%), NA I23T(7.6%) and N44S (77%) in place of N386K(77%) were only found in post-pandemic viruses. All isolates showed histidine (H) at position 275 in NA indicating sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors. Conclusion: This study shows that the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from Pakistan clustered into two genetic clades, with co-circulation of some variants. Certain key substitutions in the receptor binding site and few changes indicative of virulence were also detected in post-pandemic strains. Therefore, it is imperative to continue monitoring of the viruses for early identification of potential variants of high virulence or emergence of drug-resistant variants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Influenza%20A%20%28H1N1%29%20pdm09" title="Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09">Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20analysis" title=" evolutionary analysis"> evolutionary analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20pandemic%20period" title=" post pandemic period"> post pandemic period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57598/evolutionary-analysis-of-influenza-a-h1n1-pdm-09-in-post-pandemic-period-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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