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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87" title="بيير بيزييه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيير بيزييه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87" title="پیر بزیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیر بزیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EB%B2%A0%EC%A7%80%EC%97%90" title="피에르 베지에 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피에르 베지에" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87" title="بيير بيزييه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيير بيزييه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7" title="ピエール・ベジェ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピエール・ベジェ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5,_%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Безье, Пьер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Безье, Пьер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2" title="ปีแยร์ เบซีเย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปีแยร์ เบซีเย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%27%D1%94%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D1%94" title="П'єр Безьє – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="П'єр Безьє" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9zier" title="Pierre Bézier – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pierre Bézier" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="皮埃尔·贝塞尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="皮埃尔·贝塞尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q372584#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Pierre Bézier</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1910-09-01</span>)</span>1 September 1910<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French Third Republic</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 November 1999<span style="display:none">(1999-11-25)</span> (aged 89)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers">École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27%C3%89lectricit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="École Supérieure d'Électricité">École Supérieure d'Électricité</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Pierre-et-Marie-Curie" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_curve" title="Bézier curve">Bézier curve</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_surface" title="Bézier surface">Bézier surface</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">Computer-aided manufacturing</a><br /><a href="/wiki/UNISURF" title="UNISURF">UNISURF</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGGRAPH#Steven_A._Coons_Award" title="ACM SIGGRAPH">Steven A. Coons Award</a> (1985)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_National_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers">Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pierre Étienne Bézier</b> (1 September 1910 – 25 November 1999; <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[pjɛʁ<span class="wrap"> </span>etjɛn<span class="wrap"> </span>bezje]</a></span>) was a French engineer and one of the founders of the fields of solid, geometric and physical modelling as well as in the field of representing curves, especially in <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">computer-aided design</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">manufacturing</a> systems.<sup id="cite_ref-award_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-award-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an engineer at <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>, he became a leader in the transformation of design and manufacturing, through mathematics and computing tools, into computer-aided design and three-dimensional modeling.<sup id="cite_ref-award_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-award-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bézier <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patented</a> and popularized the <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_curve" title="Bézier curve">Bézier curves</a> and <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_surface" title="Bézier surface">Bézier surfaces</a> that are now used in most computer-aided design and <a href="/wiki/Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">computer graphics</a> systems. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, Bézier was the son and grandson of engineers.<sup id="cite_ref-doctor_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doctor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He obtained a degree in <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">mechanical engineering</a> from the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27arts_et_m%C3%A9tiers" class="mw-redirect" title="École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers">École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers</a> in 1930. He earned a second degree in <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">electrical engineering</a> in 1931 at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="École supérieure d'électricité">École supérieure d'électricité</a>, and a doctorate in 1977 in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Pierre-and-Marie-Curie_University_(University_of_Paris_6)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University (University of Paris 6)">Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University</a> where he contributed to the study of parametric polynomial curves and their vector coefficients.<sup id="cite_ref-phd_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1968 to 1979 Bézier was Professor of Production Engineering at the <a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_National_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers">Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers</a>. </p><p>He wrote four books and numerous papers, and received several distinctions including the <a href="/wiki/Steven_Anson_Coons" title="Steven Anson Coons">Steven Anson Coons</a> Award from the <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorate">honorary doctorate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Berlin" title="Technische Universität Berlin">Technische Universität Berlin</a>. He was an honorary member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers" title="American Society of Mechanical Engineers">American Society of Mechanical Engineers</a> and of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Belge_des_M%C3%A9caniciens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Société Belge des Mécaniciens (page does not exist)">Société Belge des Mécaniciens</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Ing%C3%A9nieurs_et_scientifiques_de_France" title="Ingénieurs et scientifiques de France">Société des Ingénieurs et Scientifiques de France</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_des_Ing%C3%A9nieurs_Arts_et_Metiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Société des Ingénieurs Arts et Metiers (page does not exist)">Société des Ingénieurs Arts et Metiers</a>, and one of the first Advisory Editors of <i>Computer-Aided Design</i> magazine. </p><p>With his family's consent, the <a href="/wiki/Solid_modeling" title="Solid modeling">Solid Modeling</a> Association established <i>The Pierre Bézier Award for Solid, Geometric and Physical Modeling and Applications</i> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-award_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-award-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bézier_curve"><span id="B.C3.A9zier_curve"></span>Bézier curve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bézier curve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif/220px-B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif/330px-B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/B%C3%A9zier_2_big.gif 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>The curve named after Pierre Bézier</figcaption></figure> <p>Bézier popularized but did not actually create the <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_curve" title="Bézier curve">Bézier curve</a> — using such curves to design <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a> bodies. The curves were first developed in 1959 by <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Casteljau" title="Paul de Casteljau">Paul de Casteljau</a> using <a href="/wiki/De_Casteljau%27s_algorithm" title="De Casteljau's algorithm">de Casteljau's algorithm</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Numerical_stability" title="Numerical stability">numerically stable</a> method to evaluate Bézier curves. The curves remain widely used in computer graphics to model smooth curves. </p><p>Bézier developed the notation, consisting of nodes with attached <a href="/wiki/Adjustment_handles" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjustment handles">control handles</a>, with which the curves are represented in computer software. The control handles define the shape of the curve on either side of the common node, and can be manipulated by the user, via the software.<sup id="cite_ref-doctor_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doctor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bézier curves were adopted as the standard curve of the <a href="/wiki/PostScript" title="PostScript">PostScript</a> language and subsequently were adopted by vector programs such as <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator" title="Adobe Illustrator">Adobe Illustrator</a>, <a href="/wiki/CorelDRAW" title="CorelDRAW">CorelDRAW</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inkscape" title="Inkscape">Inkscape</a>. Most outline fonts, including <a href="/wiki/TrueType" title="TrueType">TrueType</a> and <a href="/wiki/PostScript_fonts" title="PostScript fonts">PostScript Type 1</a>, are defined with Bézier curves. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Renault">Renault</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Renault"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1933 to 1975 Bézier worked for <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>, where he would ultimately develop his <a href="/wiki/UNISURF" title="UNISURF">UNISURF</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">CAD</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">CAM</a> system. </p><p>He began his 42-year tenure at Renault as a Tool Setter. In 1934, Bézier became Tool Designer and in 1945 became Head of the Tool Design Office. As Director of Production Engineering in 1949, he designed the "transfer machines" that produced most of the mechanical parts for the <a href="/wiki/Renault_4CV" title="Renault 4CV">Renault 4CV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bézierobit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transfer machines were high-performance work tools designed to machine engine blocks. While imprisoned during WWII, Bézier developed and improved on the "automatic machine principle" introduced before the war by <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>. The new "transfer station", with multiple workstations and electromagnetic heads (antecedents to robots), enabled different operations on a single part to be consecutively performed by transferring the part from one station to another.<sup id="cite_ref-Bézier_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bézier-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1957, Bézier became Director of the Machine Tool Division, responsible for the automatic assembly of mechanical components and for the design and production of <a href="/wiki/Numerical_control" title="Numerical control">numerical control</a> drilling and milling machines. Bézier began managing technical development at Renault in 1960. He retired from Renault in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bézierobit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CAD">CAD</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: CAD"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bézier began researching <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">CAD</a>/<a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">CAM</a> in 1960 while at Renault,<sup id="cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bézierobit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> focusing on the <a href="/wiki/UNISURF" title="UNISURF">UNISURF</a> system he developed for use with drawing machines, computer control, interactive free-form curves, surface design and 3D milling for manufacturing clay models and masters. UNISURF debuted in 1968 and has been in full use since 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bézierobit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985 he was recognized by <a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGGRAPH" title="ACM SIGGRAPH">ACM SIGGRAPH</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Steven_A._Coons_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven A. Coons Award">Steven A. Coons Award</a> for his lifetime contribution to computer graphics and interactive techniques.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_triangle" title="Bézier triangle">Bézier triangle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9zier&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-award-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-award_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-award_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-award_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://solidmodeling.org/awards/bezier-award/">"The Pierre Bézier Award"</a>. Solidmodeling.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090930054126/http://solidmodeling.org/layout.php?nextlink=bezier&doc_num=8000">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pierre+B%C3%A9zier+Award&rft.pub=Solidmodeling.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolidmodeling.org%2Fawards%2Fbezier-award%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-doctor-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-doctor_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-doctor_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120526012617/http://www.engology.com/eng5bezier.htm">"Dr. Pierre Bezier, Engineer, Inventor, Author, and Mathematician"</a>. Engology.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.engology.com/eng5bezier.htm">the original</a> on 26 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dr.+Pierre+Bezier%2C+Engineer%2C+Inventor%2C+Author%2C+and+Mathematician&rft.pub=Engology.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.engology.com%2Feng5bezier.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-phd-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-phd_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBezier,_Pierre1977" class="citation thesis cs1">Bezier, Pierre (1977). <i>Essai de définition numérique des courbes et des surfaces experimentales: Contribution à l'étude des propriétés des courbes et des surfaces paramétriques polynomiales à coefficients vectoriels</i> (Thesis). Diss. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Essai+de+d%C3%A9finition+num%C3%A9rique+des+courbes+et+des+surfaces+experimentales%3A+Contribution+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9tude+des+propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9s+des+courbes+et+des+surfaces+param%C3%A9triques+polynomiales+%C3%A0+coefficients+vectoriels.&rft.inst=Diss.+Universite+Pierre+et+Marie+Curie+%28Paris+VI%29&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Bezier%2C+Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bézierobit-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bézierobit_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flutterby.com/archives/1999_Dec/7_DeadPierreBezier.html">"Obituary"</a>. flutterby.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obituary&rft.pub=flutterby.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flutterby.com%2Farchives%2F1999_Dec%2F7_DeadPierreBezier.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bézier-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bézier_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conceptcarz.com/view/makehistory/127%2C0/Renault_History.aspx">"Renault History"</a>. Renault, via conceptcarz.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Renault+History&rft.pub=Renault%2C+via+conceptcarz.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.conceptcarz.com%2Fview%2Fmakehistory%2F127%252C0%2FRenault_History.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.siggraph.org/award/siggraph-1985-steven-anson-coons-award-bezier/">"SIGGRAPH 1985 Steven Anson Coons Award: Bézier"</a>. <i>ACM SIGGRAPH History Archives</i>. ACM SIGGRAPH<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ACM+SIGGRAPH+History+Archives&rft.atitle=SIGGRAPH+1985+Steven+Anson+Coons+Award%3A+B%C3%A9zier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.siggraph.org%2Faward%2Fsiggraph-1985-steven-anson-coons-award-bezier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+B%C3%A9zier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121360740">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/62345902">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/167441/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcC4DP3MPw9kc3jhCm68C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118851462">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85146317">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12056462k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12056462k">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bézier, Pierre <1910-1999>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MILV022290">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90052769">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000729098&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810588084205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007315080505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02887673?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:bezier.pierre">zbMATH</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/36315">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028804082">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bézier&oldid=1241426013">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bézier&oldid=1241426013</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1910_births" title="Category:1910 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