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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Nota_kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nota_kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Nota kaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nota_kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Isi Kandungan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Islamofobia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 71 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobie" title="Islamofobie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Islamofobie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="رهاب الإسلام – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رهاب الإسلام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamofobiya" title="İslamofobiya – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslamofobiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7" title="ইসলামবিদ্বেষ – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলামবিদ্বেষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ісламафобія – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ісламафобія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Антыісламізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Антыісламізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobija" title="Islamofobija – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islamofobija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ислямофобия – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислямофобия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamof%C3%B2bia" title="Islamofòbia – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islamofòbia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobie" title="Islamofobie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islamofobie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamoffobia" title="Islamoffobia – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Islamoffobia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobi" title="Islamofobi – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islamofobi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamfeindlichkeit" title="Islamfeindlichkeit – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islamfeindlichkeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofoobia" title="Islamofoobia – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islamofoobia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ισλαμοφοβία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλαμοφοβία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islamophobia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobio" title="Islamofobio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islamofobio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اسلام‌هراسی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام‌هراسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamophobie" title="Islamophobie – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islamophobie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslamaf%C3%B3ibe" title="Ioslamafóibe – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ioslamafóibe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C_%EA%B3%B5%ED%8F%AC%EC%A6%9D" title="이슬람 공포증 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람 공포증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Իսլամաֆոբիա – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամաֆոբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इस्लामोफ़ोबिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लामोफ़ोबिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAslimahatur" title="Múslimahatur – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Múslimahatur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94" title="אסלאמופוביה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאמופוביה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ისლამოფობია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლამოფობია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исламофобия – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Исламофобия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eslamofob%C3%AE" title="Îslamofobî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslamofobî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Islamophobia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81mfobija" title="Islāmfobija – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāmfobija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobija" title="Islamofobija – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamofobija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iszlamof%C3%B3bia" title="Iszlamofóbia – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iszlamofóbia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ഇസ്ലാമോഫോബിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്ലാമോഫോബിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इस्लामोफोबिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्लामोफोबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اسلاموفوبيا – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسلاموفوبيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobie" title="Islamofobie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islamofobie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E7%97%87" title="イスラム恐怖症 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラム恐怖症" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobi" title="Islamofobi – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islamofobi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobi" title="Islamofobi – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Islamofobi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islomofobiya" title="Islomofobiya – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islomofobiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਇਸਲਾਮੋਫ਼ੋਬੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮੋਫ਼ੋਬੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اسلاموفوبيا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اسلاموفوبيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobie" title="Islamofobie – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islamofobie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исламофобия – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исламофобия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ඉස්ලාම් භීතිකාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්ලාම් භීතිකාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islamophobia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamof%C3%B3bia" title="Islamofóbia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Islamofóbia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaamofoobiya" title="Islaamofoobiya – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Islaamofoobiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%86%D9%81%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ئیسلامۆفۆبیا – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلامۆفۆبیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobija" title="Islamofobija – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Islamofobija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobija" title="Islamofobija – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islamofobija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islamofobia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamofobi" title="Islamofobi – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Islamofobi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="இஸ்லாமிய வெறுப்பு மனநிலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இஸ்லாமிய வெறுப்பு மனநிலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఇస్లామోఫోబియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లామోఫోబియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="อาการกลัวอิสลาม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาการกลัวอิสลาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0i_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o" title="Bài Hồi giáo – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bài Hồi giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamofobi" title="İslamofobi – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslamofobi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ісламофобія – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ісламофобія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="اسلاموفوبیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلاموفوبیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%DB%95%D9%BE%D9%89%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%AA%DA%86%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89" title="ئىسلام نەپىرەتچىلىرى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىسلام نەپىرەتچىلىرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="伊斯兰恐惧症 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯兰恐惧症" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="伊斯兰恐惧症 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯兰恐惧症" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q486296#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan:Islamofobia" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Islamofobia"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Islamofobia"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Islamofobia" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Islamofobia" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&oldid=5315758" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Islamofobia&id=5315758&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIslamofobia"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIslamofobia"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Islamofobia"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Islamofobia&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Islamophobia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q486296" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6349617">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;">Sebahagian daripada <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam" title="Kategori:Islam">siri</a> berkaitan</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/110px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/165px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/220px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Islam_dan_iman" title="Templat:Islam dan iman">Pegangan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rukun_Iman" title="Rukun Iman"><b>Rukun Iman</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tauhid" title="Tauhid">Tauhid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monoteisme" title="Monoteisme">Keesaan</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuhan_dalam_Islam" title="Tuhan dalam Islam">Tuhan</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaikat" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaikat">Malaikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitab_suci_Islam" title="Kitab suci Islam">Kitab</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabi" title="Nabi">Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Akhirat" title="Hari Akhirat">Hari Akhirat</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qada_dan_Qadar" title="Qada dan Qadar">Qada dan Qadar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rukun_Islam" title="Rukun Islam"><b>Rukun Islam</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syahadah" title="Syahadah">Pengakuan keimanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solat" title="Solat">Mendirikan sembahyang</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Menunaikan zakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puasa_(Islam)" title="Puasa (Islam)">Berpuasa di bulan ramadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haji" title="Haji">Melaksanakan haji jika mampu</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabang_dan_mazhab_Islam" title="Cabang dan mazhab Islam">Mazhab akidah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ahli_Sunah_Waljamaah" title="Ahli Sunah Waljamaah">Ahli Sunah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asya%27irah" title="Asya'irah">Asya'irah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maturidi" title="Maturidi">Maturidiyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syiah" title="Syiah">Syiah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamiyyah" title="Imamiyyah">Imamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismailiyah" title="Ismailiyah">Ismailiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaidiyah" title="Zaidiyah">Zaidiyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Muktazilah" title="Muktazilah">Muktazilah</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Fiqh" title="Templat:Fiqh">Perundangan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Fiqah" title="Fiqah">Topik utama</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibadah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadah">Ibadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perkahwinan_menurut_Islam" title="Perkahwinan menurut Islam">Munakahah</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Muamalah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_ekonomi_Islam" title="Sistem ekonomi Islam">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politik_Islam" title="Politik Islam">Politik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh_jenayah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiqh jenayah">Jenayah</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabang_dan_mazhab_Islam" title="Cabang dan mazhab Islam">Mazhab fiqah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahli_Sunah_Waljamaah" title="Ahli Sunah Waljamaah"><b>Sunni</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Hanafi" title="Mazhab Hanafi">Hanafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Syafii" title="Mazhab Syafii">Syafii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Maliki" title="Mazhab Maliki">Maliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Hanbali" title="Mazhab Hanbali">Hanbali</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syiah" title="Syiah">Syiah</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamiyyah" title="Imamiyyah">Imamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismailiyah" title="Ismailiyah">Ismailiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaidiyah" title="Zaidiyah">Zaidiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kaisaniyyah" title="Al-Kaisaniyyah">Kaisaniyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ibadi" title="Ibadi">Ibadi</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Hukum_Islam" title="Templat:Hukum Islam"><b>Hukum dalam Islam</b></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;">Sumber</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Templat:Quran" title="Templat:Quran">Al-Quran</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Templat:Hadis" title="Templat:Hadis">Hadis</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Quran" title="Al-Quran">Al-Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah Nabi</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hadis" title="Hadis">Hadis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sirah_Rasulullah" title="Sirah Rasulullah">Sirah</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Islam" title="Sejarah Islam">Sejarah</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garis_masa_sejarah_Islam" title="Garis masa sejarah Islam">Garis masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabi_Muhammad_SAW" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabi Muhammad SAW">Nabi Muhammad</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahlul_Bait" title="Ahlul Bait">Keluarga Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahabah">Sahabat Nabi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalifah" title="Khalifah">Khalifah</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khilafah" title="Khilafah">Khilafah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamah_(doktrin_Syiah)" title="Imamah (doktrin Syiah)">Imamah</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakwah" title="Dakwah">Dakwah</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Penyebaran_Islam" title="Penyebaran Islam">Penyebaran Islam</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Islam" title="Kebudayaan Islam">Budaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Islam" title="Dunia Islam">masyarakat</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengajian_Islam" title="Pengajian Islam">Akademik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_mengikut_negara" title="Islam mengikut negara">Demografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_ekonomi_Islam" title="Sistem ekonomi Islam">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsafah_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsafah Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Falsafah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_haiwan" title="Islam dan haiwan">Haiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takwim_Hijrah" title="Takwim Hijrah">Kalender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_kanak-kanak" title="Islam dan kanak-kanak">Kanak-kanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunat" title="Sunat">Khatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasan_tersuci_dalam_Islam" title="Kawasan tersuci dalam Islam">Kota Suci</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madinah_al-Munawwarah" title="Madinah al-Munawwarah">Madinah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitulmaqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitulmaqdis">Baitulmaqdis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestin" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestin">Palestin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesufian" title="Kesufian">Kesufian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kebajikan_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kebajikan Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Kebajikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesusasteraan_Islam" title="Kesusasteraan Islam">Kesusateraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_dalam_Islam" title="LGBT dalam Islam">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasah" title="Madrasah">Madrasah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid" title="Masjid">Masjid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Nabawi" title="Masjid Nabawi">Masjid Nabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Aqsa" title="Masjid al-Aqsa">Masjid al-Aqsa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzik_Islam" title="Muzik Islam">Muzik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institusi_pendidikan_dalam_Islam" title="Institusi pendidikan dalam Islam">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perayaan_Islam" title="Perayaan Islam">Perayaan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Raya_Aidilfitri" title="Hari Raya Aidilfitri">Aidilfitri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Raya_Aidiladha" title="Hari Raya Aidiladha">Aidiladha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perbankan_Islam" title="Perbankan Islam">Perbankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politik_Islam" title="Politik Islam">Politik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandangan_Islam_mengenai_perhambaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandangan Islam mengenai perhambaan (laman tidak wujud)">Perhambaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruqyah" title="Ruqyah">Rawatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Seni Islam">Seni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_sains" title="Islam dan sains">Sains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_orang_Islam" title="Senarai orang Islam">Tokoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanita_dalam_Islam" title="Wanita dalam Islam">Wanita</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam" title="Kategori:Islam">Topik berkaitan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtad_dalam_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtad dalam Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Keluar daripada Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kritikan_terhadap_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kritikan terhadap Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Kritikan terhadap Islam</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_terhadap_Muhammad" title="Kritikan terhadap Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_terhadap_al-Quran" title="Kritikan terhadap al-Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_Hadis" title="Kritikan Hadis">Hadis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_agama_lain" title="Islam dan agama lain">Islam dan agama lain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamadun_Islam" title="Tamadun Islam">Ketamadunan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Kegemilangan_Islam" title="Zaman Kegemilangan Islam">Zaman kegemilangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_keganasan" title="Islam dan 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style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="metadata"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ikon portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal Islam</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6453376">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Islam" title="Templat:Islam"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan_templat:Islam" title="Perbincangan templat:Islam"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Islam&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Islamofobia</b> adalah istilah kontroversi yang merujuk kepada prasangka dan diskriminasi pada Islam dan Muslim<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istilah itu sendiri sudah digunakan pada tahun 1980-an<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi menjadi popular selepas <a href="/wiki/Serangan_11_September_2001" title="Serangan 11 September 2001">serangan 11 September 2001</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 1997, Badan Amanah Runnymede mentakrifkan Islamofobia sebagai "rasa takut dan benci terhadap Islam lalu membawa kepada takut dan tidak suka kepada orang Islam," juga menyatakan ia juga merujuk kepada amalan mendiskriminasikan orang Islam dengan mengasingkan mereka dari kegiatan ekonomi, sosial dan kehidupan masyarakat. Islamofobia juga termasuk persepsi bahawa Islam mempunyai nilai yang tidak sama dengan budaya lain, lebih rendah dari nilai barat dan mempunyai ideologi politik yang ganas daripada (dikenali) sebagai satu agama<sup id="cite_ref-Runnymede5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Runnymede5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pelbagai pendapat mengatakan peningkatan kecenderungan ke arah Islamofobia sebahagiannya diakibatkan oleh serangan 11 September,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sementara mereka yang lain pula mengaitkannya dengan kehadiran orang Islam yang meningkat di negara barat<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pada bulan Mei 2002, <a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Monitoring_Centre_on_Racism_and_Xenophobia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (laman tidak wujud)">European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia</a> (EUMC), satu pertubuhan pemantau <a href="/wiki/Kesatuan_Eropah" title="Kesatuan Eropah">Kesatuan Eropah</a>, mengeluarkan laporan bertajuk "Summary report on Islamophobia in the EU after 11 September 2001" (Ringkasan laporan mengenai Islamofobia di Kesatuan Eropah selepas 11 September 2001), yang menggambarkan peningkatan insiden berkaitan Islamofobia di negara Eropah selepas 11 September<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satu forum pada tahun 2001, "Stockholm International Forum on Combating Intolerance", mengisytiharkan satu deklarasi yang antara lainnya meletakkan islamofobia sebagai sesuatu yang melanggar nilai-nilai asas manusia: <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p> Rasisme, diskriminasi kaum, antisematisme, islamofobia, xenofobia, diskriminasi, keganasan dan pembunuhan kerana orientasi seks, dan apa jua bentuk sikap tidak toleransi, melanggar nilai-nilai asas manusia dan mengancam kebebasan masyarakat.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nota_kaki">Nota kaki</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Nota kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamofobia&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Nota kaki"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li>Sandra Fredman, <i>Discrimination and Human Rights</i>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/0199246033" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-924603-3</a>, ms.121.</li> <li>Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, <i>Muslims in the West: From Sojourners to Citizens</i>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/0195148061" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-514806-1</a>, ms.19</li> <li><i>Islamophobia: A Challenge for Us All</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badan_Amanah_Runnymede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badan Amanah Runnymede (laman tidak wujud)">Badan Amanah Runnymede</a>, 1997, ms. 1, disebut dalam Quraishi, Muzammil. <i>Muslims and Crime: A Comparative Study</i>, Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2005, ms. 60. <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/075464233X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7546-4233-X</a>. Pada awal 1997, satu suruhanjaya mengenai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_British&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim British (laman tidak wujud)">Muslim British</a> dan Islamofobia, pada masa itu sebahagian dari Runnymede Trust, mengeluarkan satu dokumen mengenai Islamofobia di bawah pengerusian Professor Gordon Conway, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timbalan_Chancelor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timbalan Chancelor (laman tidak wujud)">Timbalan Chancelor</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Sussex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Sussex (laman tidak wujud)">University of Sussex</a>. Dalam laporan terakhir, <i>Islamophobia: A Challenge for Us All</i>, dilancarkan pada November 1997 oleh [[Setiausaha Luar Britain] <a href="/wiki/Jack_Straw" title="Jack Straw">Jack Straw</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islamophobia: A Challenge for Us All</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Runnymede_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Runnymede Trust (laman tidak wujud)">Runnymede Trust</a>, 1997, ms. 1, disebut dalam Quraishi, Muzammil. <i>Muslims and Crime: A Comparative Study</i>, Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2005, ms. 60; <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Annan, Kofi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/sgsm9637.doc.htm">"Secretary-General, addressing headquarters seminar on confronting Islamophobia"</a>, siaran akhbar <a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Bangsa-bangsa_Bersatu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu">Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu</a>, <a href="/wiki/7_Disember" title="7 Disember">7 Disember</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li>Casciani, Dominic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3768327.stm">"Islamophobia pervades UK - report"</a>, BBC News, <a href="/wiki/2_Jun" title="2 Jun">2 Jun</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>.</li> <li>Rima Berns McGowan menulis dalam <i>Muslims in the Diaspora</i> (University of Toronto Press, 1991, ms. 268) yang istilah "Islamophobia" pertama digunakan dalam satu terbitan berkala Amerika pada tahun 1991.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Runnymede5-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Runnymede5_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Runnymede 1997, ms. 5, disebut dalam Quraishi 2005, ms. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benn, Jawad (2004) ms. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven Vertovec, "Islamophobia and Muslim Recognition in Britain"; dalam Haddad (2002) ms. 32-33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lihat: <ul><li>Greaves (2004) ms. 133</li> <li>Allen, Chris; Nielsen, Jorgen S.; Summary report on Islamophobia in the EU after 11 September 2001 (Mei 2002), EUMC.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regeringen.se/download/52af23bc.pdf?major=1&minor=66696&cn=attachmentPublDuplicator_0_attachment">The Stockholm International Forum Conferences (2000–2004)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pautan_reput" title="Wikipedia:Pautan reput"><span title=" Pautan mati ditandakan pada September 2021">pautan mati kekal</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>71 bahasa</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Tambah topik</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-48rp2","wgBackendResponseTime":132,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.104","walltime":"0.136","ppvisitednodes":{"value":394,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":23106,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":868,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":8536,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 95.716 1 -total"," 63.39% 60.673 1 Templat:Islam"," 61.60% 58.961 1 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